CN108493267A - A kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method - Google Patents

A kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108493267A
CN108493267A CN201810374324.XA CN201810374324A CN108493267A CN 108493267 A CN108493267 A CN 108493267A CN 201810374324 A CN201810374324 A CN 201810374324A CN 108493267 A CN108493267 A CN 108493267A
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laser
mark points
printing
preparation
radium
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CN108493267B (en
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杨蕾
张冠伦
吴俊旻
常青
洪布双
王岚
张鹏
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Tongwei Solar Chengdu Co Ltd
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Tongwei Solar Hefei Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/118252 priority patent/WO2019205631A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022441Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition methods, include the following steps:Step 1: silicon chip pre-processes;Step 2: the preparation of P N knots;Step 3: SE laser dopings;Step 4: the preparation of MARK points:Adjust laser parameter so that laser marking energy of the MARK points in radium-shine preparation process is higher than the energy of SE laser dopings;Step 5: silicon chip is reprocessed;Step 6: back side silk-screen printing;Step 7: front contraposition silk-screen printing;Step 8: sintering test.The present invention has carried out two kinds of modification modes to existing SE technologies laser MARK points, wherein laser marking energy of new MARK points during radium-shine is higher than the energy of radium-shine doping line, the coloration in radium-shine area and pattern is made to generate significant difference with non-radium-shine area;Rectangular MARK points are got with square laser hot spot simultaneously eliminates edge irregularity, confirms after observation machine printing whether offset is exceeded and the direction of offset, highly promotes convenient for naked eyes.

Description

A kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method
Technical field
The present invention relates to screen printing technique field, specially a kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition side Method.
Background technology
With the continuous development of crystalline silicon technologies, the expansion of manufacture of solar cells scale and the continuous drop of battery price It is low, it reduces production cost, improve the emphasis that efficiency is battery technology development.For existing routine perc batteries, positive mask Have higher junction depth and a phosphorus concentration, and the height of repellel it is compound can cause it is lower hold pressure and short circuit current, and selectivity emits Electrode is because it is in the region low concentration doping for receiving illumination, highly doped under metal grid lines, the lateral height junction structure of formation Potential difference between increase P-N junction, reduction diffusion layer is compound and reduces metal contact zone resistance, to make battery performance integrally be carried Height, and the technology can be carried with a variety of back sides effect technology superposition, further promoted convenient for battery efficiency and equipment, material at This compatibility uses.Currently used technology is secondary diffusion method, wet method mask method, phosphorus starch print process and laser doping method etc., Middle laser doping method because its process route is simplified and compatibility is high, gradually producing by the advantages such as equipment, addition main and supplementary materials are of low cost Expand market in the production of industry metaplasia and applies share.In SE cell piece printing process, in order to ensure printing thin grid line in laser region It is interior, printing calibration is carried out in such a way that laser gets loci, because the radium-shine width of laser selective only has 100-120 μ M, and print grid line width at 40-50 μm or so, so as to cause only 30 μm or so of offset window of printing, this essence to printing contraposition Parasexuality requirement is very high, and the alignment issues of laser graphics and printed pattern are the passes that selective emitter crystal silicon battery puies forward effect Key.
Existing crystalline silicon selective emitter solar battery there is a problem of in volume production one it is notable be exactly to print grid The alignment issues of line and the radium-shine doping lines of SE, print only 30 μm or so of adjustable offset window, laser are needed in actual production Doping line is accurately aligned with printing grid line center, and in existing technology, alignment issues are amplified out two and more significantly lacked It falls into:
1, it is all made of in laser doping while laser goes out the MARK points of printing contraposition, MARK points are a diameter of 0.5mm Filled circles, due to the color distortion and pattern in laser doping area and undoped region almost indifference, and SE in practical volume production Also to pass through 6 production processes after laser doping could be printed, and can not be observed with the naked eye and be substantially aligned with situation and offset Amount;
2, because single laser facula shape is rectangular, the edge of contraposition null circle can be caused by going out round loci for laser Scrambling, so as to cause printing camera when aligning MARK points, since CCD will produce volume to the crawl identification deviation of MARK points Outer offset.
Invention content
It is above-mentioned to solve the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method The problem of being proposed in background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: silicon chip pre-processes:Prerinse is carried out to silicon chip and is prepared by matte;
Step 2: the preparation of P-N junction:Adjust N2Amount, oxygen-supply quantity, phosphorus source amount and diffusion temperature, utilize thermal diffusion process The sheet resistance prepared phosphorus-diffused layer, and control diffusion layer is 100-180 Ω;
Step 3: SE laser dopings:The position of the thin grid line of front side of silicon wafer preparation type metal is selected using laser Property doping, melted by local laser so that the phosphorus of laser-scanning position is further spread, and is mixed to form high local concentrations phosphorus It is miscellaneous so that the sheet resistance value in the region is reduced to 60-90 Ω;
Step 4: the preparation of MARK points:Adjust laser parameter so that laser marking of the MARK points in radium-shine preparation process Energy is higher than the energy of SE laser dopings, and rectangular MARK points are formed on the position of metal primary;
Step 5: silicon chip is reprocessed:Back-etching is carried out to silicon chip and removes PSG, is annealed, aluminum oxide passivation film and the positive back side It is prepared by SiNx layer technique;
Step 6: back side silk-screen printing:Laser slotting is carried out in silicon chip back side, back electrode is carried out to the back side and carries on the back electric field Printing;
Step 7: front contraposition silk-screen printing:After back electrode and back of the body electric field printing, 180 ° of overturning cell pieces, to swash Optical scanning prepare four rectangular MARK points be printing contraposition point, adjust positive electrode printing machine platform camera successfully capture four it is rectangular The position of MARK points so that the corresponding step 3 that is imprinted on of the thin grid line energy of metal is formed by high concentration phosphorus doping region;
After printing, the position relationship of comparison printing grid line and rectangular MARK points is observed by the naked eye, judges printing offset Direction, and be adjusted in time, after drift condition is adjusted to center alignment, start the printing of bulk SE batteries;
Step 8: sintering test:It dries, be sintered positive back metal slurry, test stepping, complete SE batteries and prepare.
Preferably, the size of the rectangular MARK points is 0.5mm, and the preparation power setting of MARK points is 20-30W, and is carved It carves speed and is reduced to 100-10000mm/s.
Preferably, the rectangular MARK points are solid squares MARK points.
Preferably, the rectangular MARK points are the rectangular MARK points of hollow out, and thin grid line needs in printing are rectangular in hollow out Main grid is passed through in the position of MARK points.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1, the accuracy of printing camera crawl contraposition MARK points is improved;
2, facilitating can naked eyes preliminary observation offset in crystal silicon selective emitter battery volume production;
3, it reduces in volume production and is taken caused by contraposition, reduce contraposition and take the influence caused to production capacity.
The present invention has carried out two kinds of modification modes to existing SE technologies laser MARK points, wherein new MARK points are radium-shine Laser marking energy in the process is higher than the energy of radium-shine doping line, using the mark of multiple sizes of rectangular superposition Figure makes the coloration in radium-shine area and pattern generate significant difference with non-radium-shine area;MARK points rectangular simultaneously are with square laser light Spot, which is got, eliminates edge irregularity, and the mark laser energy of two kinds of MARK points is higher than the energy of radium-shine doping line, In printing process, on the one hand it is convenient for camera CCD crawl identification MARK points to reduce additional offset, is on the other hand convenient for naked eyes Confirm after observation machine printing whether offset is exceeded and the direction of offset, the convenient printing machine platform that timely carries out are adjusted, Highly promote.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the printing contraposition method flow schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is selective emitter laser doping and the solid squares MARK point schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the A plot structure enlarged diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is selective emitter laser doping and the rectangular MARK points schematic diagram of hollow out of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the B plot structure enlarged diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the thin aperture plate version pictorial diagram of screen-printed metal of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the rectangular MARK points of hollow out of the present invention and thin grid connection diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
- 7 are please referred to Fig.1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution:
A kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: silicon chip pre-processes:Prerinse is carried out to silicon chip and is prepared by matte.
Step 2: the preparation of P-N junction:Adjust N2Amount, oxygen-supply quantity, phosphorus source amount and diffusion temperature, utilize thermal diffusion process The sheet resistance prepared phosphorus-diffused layer, and control diffusion layer is 160 Ω.
Step 3: SE laser dopings:The position of the thin grid line of front side of silicon wafer preparation type metal is set in advance using laser The figure set carries out selective doping, is melted by local laser so that the phosphorus of laser-scanning position is further spread, to shape At high local concentrations phosphorus doping so that the sheet resistance value in the region is reduced to 80 Ω, and selective laser adulterates figure such as Figure of description 2 Shown in Figure of description 4, all line segments, which are laser, needs surface sweeping position.
Step 4: the preparation of MARK points:It needs individually to select laser parameter in laser MARK points, adjustment swashs The size of optical parameter, the rectangular MARK points is 0.5mm, and the preparation power setting of MARK points is 28W, and carving speed is reduced to 1000mm/s so that laser marking energy of the MARK points in radium-shine preparation process is higher than the energy of SE laser dopings, The position of loci on rectangular MARK points, and positive halftone needed for printing, position such as explanation are formed on the position of metal primary Shown in book attached drawing 2 and Figure of description 4, thin grid line position is reserved in the wherein laser parameter of laser scanning contraposition MARK points and scanning Parameter it is different, the modification for individually carrying out parameter is needed, to obtain better loci pattern and facilitate identification.
Rectangular MARK points are divided into two kinds, and one kind is solid squares MARK points, as shown in Figure of description 3, and solid squares Position of the MARK points on main grid does not have particular/special requirement;Another kind is that the rectangular MARK points of hollow out are engraved as shown in Figure of description 5 The use of short side shape MARK points, needs thin grid line to pass through main grid in the position of MARK, is equipped with to MARK points required.
For step 3 and step 4, SE laser dopings and the preparation of MARK points may be used synchronous radium-shine mode into Row saves the plenty of time and, by the difference of radium-shine energy, directly prepares MARK points while laser doping.
Step 5: silicon chip is reprocessed:Back-etching is carried out to silicon chip and removes PSG, is annealed, aluminum oxide passivation film and the positive back side It is prepared by SiNx layer technique.
Step 6: back side silk-screen printing:Laser slotting is carried out in silicon chip back side, back electrode is carried out to the back side and carries on the back electric field Printing.
Step 7: front contraposition silk-screen printing:After back electrode and back of the body electric field printing, 180 ° of overturning cell pieces, to swash Optical scanning prepare four rectangular MARK points be printing contraposition point, adjust positive electrode printing machine platform camera successfully capture four it is rectangular The position of MARK points so that the corresponding step 3 that is imprinted on of the thin grid line energy of metal is formed by high concentration phosphorus doping region;
When printing machine platform camera is inaccurate, need in the case of adjusting printing position, use four hollow outs rectangular for pair The rectangular MARK points in position, printing machine platform camera are printed after capturing four rectangular MARK points, after printing, observe by the naked eye comparison The position relationship of the laser rays among grid line and rectangular MARK point hollow outs, this kind of situation are printed, printing screen plate loci is in thin On the direction that grid pass through, as shown in Figure of description 7, it is easier to judge the direction of printing offset, and is adjusted in time, when After drift condition is adjusted to center alignment, start the printing of bulk SE batteries.
Step 8: sintering test:It dries, be sintered positive back metal slurry, test stepping, complete SE batteries and prepare.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1: silicon chip pre-processes:Prerinse is carried out to silicon chip and is prepared by matte;
Step 2: the preparation of P-N junction:Adjust N2Amount, oxygen-supply quantity, phosphorus source amount and diffusion temperature, are prepared using thermal diffusion process Phosphorus-diffused layer, and the sheet resistance for controlling diffusion layer is 100-180 Ω;
Step 3: SE laser dopings:Selectivity is carried out using laser to the position of the thin grid line of front side of silicon wafer preparation type metal to mix It is miscellaneous, it is melted by local laser so that the phosphorus of laser-scanning position is further spread, to form high local concentrations phosphorus doping, So that the sheet resistance value in the region is reduced to 60-90 Ω;
Step 4: the preparation of MARK points:Adjust laser parameter so that laser marking energy of the MARK points in radium-shine preparation process It is higher than the energy of SE laser dopings, forms rectangular MARK points on the position of metal primary;
Step 5: silicon chip is reprocessed:Back-etching is carried out to silicon chip and removes PSG, is annealed, aluminum oxide passivation film and positive back side SiNx It is prepared by layer process;
Step 6: back side silk-screen printing:Laser slotting is carried out in silicon chip back side, back electrode is carried out to the back side and carries on the back the print of electric field Brush;
Step 7: front contraposition silk-screen printing:After back electrode and back of the body electric field printing, 180 ° of overturning cell pieces are swept with laser Four rectangular MARK points for retouching preparation are printing contraposition point, adjust positive electrode printing machine platform camera and successfully capture four rectangular MARK The position of point so that the corresponding step 3 that is imprinted on of the thin grid line energy of metal is formed by high concentration phosphorus doping region;
After printing, the position relationship of comparison printing grid line and rectangular MARK points is observed by the naked eye, judges the direction of printing offset, And be adjusted in time, after drift condition is adjusted to center alignment, start the printing of bulk SE batteries;
Step 8: sintering test:It dries, be sintered positive back metal slurry, test stepping, complete SE batteries and prepare.
2. a kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The size for stating rectangular MARK points is 0.5mm, and the preparation power setting of MARK points is 20-30W, and carving speed is reduced to 100- 10000mm/s。
3. a kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute It is solid squares MARK points to state rectangular MARK points.
4. a kind of crystal silicon selective emitter industrialization printing contraposition method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute It is the rectangular MARK points of hollow out to state rectangular MARK points, and thin grid line needs to pass through master in the position of the rectangular MARK points of hollow out in printing Grid.
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Cited By (14)

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CN108550653A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-09-18 通威太阳能(合肥)有限公司 A kind of anti-offset compensation method of SE batteries printing contraposition detection
CN109713064A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-03 盐城阿特斯协鑫阳光电力科技有限公司 A kind of selective emitter, preparation method and solar battery and its application using it
CN109742049A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-05-10 苏州迈为科技股份有限公司 A kind of cell piece alignment method and laser aid
CN110370830A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-10-25 百力达太阳能股份有限公司 A kind of method of sight check printing quality
WO2019205631A1 (en) * 2018-04-24 2019-10-31 通威太阳能(合肥)有限公司 Industrial printing alignment method for crystalline silicon selective emitter
CN111490131A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-04 江西展宇新能科技有限公司 Preparation treatment method of SE battery
CN111682090A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-18 广东爱旭科技有限公司 Preparation method of selective emitter solar cell and solar cell
CN112117352A (en) * 2020-09-25 2020-12-22 通威太阳能(眉山)有限公司 Method for tracing production information of crystalline silicon cell by using laser line
CN112428714A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-03-02 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Alignment method of electrode printing system of SE (selective emitter) laminated cell
CN112455108A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-03-09 江苏润阳悦达光伏科技有限公司 Process method for preventing printing offset in SE battery production process
CN112477459A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-03-12 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Alignment method of SE (selective emitter) laminated cell printing system
CN114267750A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-04-01 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Graphical laser doping method and device
CN114361291A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-15 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Heavily doped silicon wafer, crystalline silicon solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN118366908A (en) * 2024-04-28 2024-07-19 德沪涂膜设备(苏州)有限公司 Crystal silicon alignment device and film coating equipment

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CN111180530A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-05-19 天津爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Preparation method of selective emitter battery

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WO2019205631A1 (en) * 2018-04-24 2019-10-31 通威太阳能(合肥)有限公司 Industrial printing alignment method for crystalline silicon selective emitter
CN108550653A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-09-18 通威太阳能(合肥)有限公司 A kind of anti-offset compensation method of SE batteries printing contraposition detection
CN109742049A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-05-10 苏州迈为科技股份有限公司 A kind of cell piece alignment method and laser aid
CN113851410A (en) * 2018-11-23 2021-12-28 苏州迈为科技股份有限公司 Battery piece printing alignment method
CN109713064A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-03 盐城阿特斯协鑫阳光电力科技有限公司 A kind of selective emitter, preparation method and solar battery and its application using it
CN110370830B (en) * 2019-07-29 2020-11-10 百力达太阳能股份有限公司 Method for visually inspecting printing quality
CN110370830A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-10-25 百力达太阳能股份有限公司 A kind of method of sight check printing quality
CN111490131B (en) * 2020-04-26 2022-05-13 上饶捷泰新能源科技有限公司 Preparation processing method of SE battery
CN111490131A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-04 江西展宇新能科技有限公司 Preparation treatment method of SE battery
CN111682090A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-18 广东爱旭科技有限公司 Preparation method of selective emitter solar cell and solar cell
CN112117352A (en) * 2020-09-25 2020-12-22 通威太阳能(眉山)有限公司 Method for tracing production information of crystalline silicon cell by using laser line
CN112117352B (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-07-29 通威太阳能(眉山)有限公司 Method for tracing production information of crystalline silicon cell by using laser line
CN112428714B (en) * 2020-10-21 2022-09-09 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Alignment method of electrode printing system of SE (selective emitter) laminated cell
CN112477459A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-03-12 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Alignment method of SE (selective emitter) laminated cell printing system
CN112428714A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-03-02 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Alignment method of electrode printing system of SE (selective emitter) laminated cell
CN112455108A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-03-09 江苏润阳悦达光伏科技有限公司 Process method for preventing printing offset in SE battery production process
CN114267750A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-04-01 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Graphical laser doping method and device
CN114361291A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-15 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Heavily doped silicon wafer, crystalline silicon solar cell and preparation method thereof
WO2023116029A1 (en) * 2021-12-24 2023-06-29 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Heavily doped silicon wafer, crystalline silicon solar cell, and preparation method therefor
CN114361291B (en) * 2021-12-24 2023-12-01 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 Heavily doped silicon wafer, crystalline silicon solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN118366908A (en) * 2024-04-28 2024-07-19 德沪涂膜设备(苏州)有限公司 Crystal silicon alignment device and film coating equipment

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Inventor after: Yang Lei

Inventor after: Zhang Guanlun

Inventor after: Wu Junmin

Inventor after: Chang Qing

Inventor after: Hong Bushuang

Inventor after: Wang Lan

Inventor after: Zhang Peng

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Inventor before: Zhang Guanlun

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