CN108491594A - A method of based on trackside arrangement foil gauge gathered data reverse wheel and rail intermolecular forces - Google Patents
A method of based on trackside arrangement foil gauge gathered data reverse wheel and rail intermolecular forces Download PDFInfo
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- CN108491594A CN108491594A CN201810189643.3A CN201810189643A CN108491594A CN 108491594 A CN108491594 A CN 108491594A CN 201810189643 A CN201810189643 A CN 201810189643A CN 108491594 A CN108491594 A CN 108491594A
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- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000271559 Dromaiidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for arranging foil gauge gathered data reverse wheel and rail intermolecular forces based on trackside, the method mainly includes the following steps that：S1, the vertical and lateral unit force load vectors of the reference position based on single-sided tracks structural finite element model and nominal time solve the incidence matrix between strain and active force；S2 obtains most rational position, direction and the quantity for needing to arrange foil gauge on track using D Optimal criterion；S3 is arranged symmetrically foil gauge on two tracks respectively according to most rational position, direction and the reference position of quantity and nominal time determined in S2, and surveys strain caused by active force.The method obtains wheel and rail intermolecular forces through the invention, can be applicable in new and old track circuit, and conveniently can carry out monitoring structural health conditions to track for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rail vehicle detection fields, more particularly to one kind passing through foil gauge gathered data reverse wheel and steel
The method of rail intermolecular forces.
Background technology
The detection method of wheel and rail intermolecular forces, three kinds of modes below prior art generally use：
First, instrumented wheelset direct method of testing.In direct dynamometry field, more representational achievement is that rail vehicle is surveyed
The exploitation of power wheel.Specific practice is the embedded dedicated load cell on wheel, and load is demarcated in advance, then will
Force-measuring wheel replaces the wheel pair that will be on active service.In fact, directly dynamometry in addition to only when existing between sensor signal and load it is straight
Outside being used in the case of the conversion relation connect, the limitation of another bigger is the difficulty installed, and is turned to high-speed EMUs
For frame, the dynamic load that a variety of amplitudes are different, waveform is different will be born during in-service, they respectively by air spring,
Load simultaneously is acted on by the dampers of all directions, wheel to, interfaces such as gear-box, towing pin, motor hanger, in these knots
Arrange what dedicated load cell was not allowed to almost on structure interface.Bibliography is visible《Wheel rail force is measured in high-speed iron
Application study in the track detecting of road》It is published in《Rolling stock》2012.32(4):19-24 and《Based on wheel axial strain
Wheel track force measuring method》It is published in《Chinese New Products》.
Second is that axle box acceleration inverse estimation method.This method first has to do the experiment of axis recalibration, and general use either statically or dynamically is marked
Fixed experiment, and unsprung mass is obtained by correlation computations, it to the vertical of axle box and is laterally accelerated using acceleration sensor testing wheel
Then degree converts quality according to wheel the interaction force between wheel track.Bibliography is visible《Based on intercity axle box acceleration
Wheel rail force analysis》Beijing Jiaotong University 2016.
Third, the external load reverse technology based on actual measurement strain.
Wherein, instrumented wheelset method of testing, first cost are high, that is, need to make special test wheel pair, secondly because changing side
The inside of wheel pair, cannot be attached on the vehicles such as high-speed overload, the wheel track load tested is pertaining only to track inspection car, and cannot
Represent other vehicles；Axle box acceleration method of testing, since axle box is connected by bearing with axle, acceleration information is with wheel to reality
Border vibration has some gaps, thus while easy to implement but error is larger；Based on the load reverse technology of actual measurement strain, such skill
Art is mainly that reverse load position and direction do not change, and only magnitude of load changes, and the position of power is in variation
Load can not obtain.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to by arranging foil gauge measuring strain on track structure, and then by having
The numerical simulation of limit member determines most rational foil gauge quantity and position, and finally combines incidence matrix and reference time
Strain matrix calculates the active force obtained between railway vehicle wheel pair and rail.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A method of based on trackside arrangement foil gauge gathered data reverse wheel and rail intermolecular forces, the method packet
Include following steps：
The vertical and lateral unit force of S1, the reference position based on single-sided tracks structural finite element model and nominal time carry
Lotus vector, solves the incidence matrix between strain and active force；
S2 obtains most rational position, direction and the number for needing to arrange foil gauge on track using D-Optimal criterion
Amount；
S3, according to most rational position, direction and the reference position of quantity and nominal time determined in S2, respectively
It is arranged symmetrically foil gauge on two tracks, and surveys strain caused by active force；
S4 determines that reference position obtains the time of maximum strain according to the actual measurement strain of the reference position of nominal time, and
It is demarcated as the time that one bogie of vehicle passes through the reference position；
S5 calculates one, vehicle bogie one unilateral 2 in conjunction with incidence matrix and the strain matrix of reference position
Active force between a wheel and a rail；
S6 repeats S4 and S5, obtains the active force between 2 wheels of the bogie other side and an other rail,
It is applied to the real load on rail respectively to obtain four wheels on one bogie of vehicle；
S7 repeats S4~S6, obtains the active force between the other bogie of car wheels of permutation vehicle and rail.
Preferably, applying 4 specific loadings respectively in S1, two transverse loads and two vertical loads are strained
Matrix；Apply lateral and vertical specific loading at the Wheel/Rail Contact Point of two section As and B selected in single-sided tracks respectively, into
Row finite element static calculates.
Preferably, the measuring point quantity for being arranged in every track in S2 for load reverse is at least 8.
Preferably, being used in the position that D-Optimal criterion obtain in S2, in addition to constrained, by finite element model
The foil gauge of upper all positions attempts all differently strained positions as initial strain piece group from initial strain piece group
With the combination in direction, the corresponding determinant numerical value of incidence matrix is allowed to tend to maximize, i.e., so that ranks | εTε | → max takes maximum
Value optimizes foil gauge position and corresponding patch direction to obtain 8.
There are three conditions for the implementation needs of technical solution of the present invention：
First, the finite element model of steel-rail structure can be built；
Second is that the quantity for needing to arrange strain and position can rationally be determined on steel-rail structure；
Third, strain can be surveyed.
Currently, these three conditions are not difficult to obtain or accomplish：The technology of foil gauge measuring strain is arranged on track structure
It is quite ripe and reliable and of low cost；The technology of numerical simulation of finite element is quite ripe and reliable；It determines under the load of position
The algorithm of most rational foil gauge quantity and position is also quite ripe and reliable.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. the method obtains wheel and rail intermolecular forces through the invention, new and old track circuit can be applicable in,
And can monitoring structural health conditions conveniently be carried out to track for a long time.
2. can be claimed to the fully loaded, unloaded of the various rail locomotive vehicles such as subway, high ferro, heavy-duty freight car by the active force
Weight.
3. by the active force can with auxiliary judgment vehicle move bogie design parameter whether within safe range,
It include curve negotiating；
4. by the active force can be used for dynamic check vehicle whether left and right unbalance loading, if front and back unbalance loading；
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the patch location schematic diagram of each foil gauge and Chosen Point in the method for the invention.
Attached drawing 2 is that each foil gauge strain data extracts schematic diagram in the method for the invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
It is a kind of based on trackside arrangement foil gauge gathered data reverse wheel and rail intermolecular forces as shown in attached drawing 1,2
Method the described method comprises the following steps：
The vertical and lateral unit force of S1, the reference position based on single-sided tracks structural finite element model and nominal time carry
Lotus vector, solves the incidence matrix between strain and active force；
S2 obtains most rational position, direction and the number for needing to arrange foil gauge on track using D-Optimal criterion
Amount；
S3, according to most rational position, direction and the reference position of quantity and nominal time determined in S2, respectively
It is arranged symmetrically foil gauge on two tracks, and surveys strain caused by active force；
S4 determines that reference position obtains the time of maximum strain according to the actual measurement strain of the reference position of nominal time, and
It is demarcated as the time that one bogie of vehicle passes through the reference position；
S5 calculates one, vehicle bogie one unilateral 2 in conjunction with incidence matrix and the strain matrix of reference position
Active force between a wheel and a rail；
S6 repeats S4 and S5, obtains the active force between 2 wheels of the bogie other side and an other rail,
It is applied to the real load on rail respectively to obtain four wheels on one bogie of vehicle；
S7 repeats S4~S6, obtains the active force between the other bogie of car wheels of permutation vehicle and rail.
Further, apply 4 specific loadings, two transverse loads and two vertical loads in the present embodiment S1 respectively,
Obtain strain matrix；Apply lateral and vertical unit at the Wheel/Rail Contact Point of two section As and B selected in single-sided tracks respectively
Load carries out finite element static calculating.The measuring point quantity that every track is arranged in S2 for load reverse is at least 8
It is a, measuring point quantity is preferentially set to 8 in the present embodiment.Using in the position of D-Optimal criterion acquisition in S2, remove about
Outside beam position, using the foil gauge of all positions on finite element model as initial strain piece group, and from initial strain piece group
The combination for attempting all differently strained position and direction allows the corresponding determinant numerical value of incidence matrix to tend to maximize, even if
Obtain ranks | εTε | → max is maximized, and foil gauge position and corresponding patch direction are optimized to obtain 8.
Specifically, taking true track size, wheel to wheelbase information in the present embodiment, track 3-D geometric model is established
As shown in Fig. 1, wheelbase takes L, and rail length takes 3L, and each wheel, which acts on power in orbit, transverse direction (Fy) and vertical (Fz) two
Load, it is the active regions 3L that two wheels of every bogie, which act on track length, and totally 8 are waited for reverse power.Create track finite element
Model, cell type apply elasticity about based on hexahedron solid element below track, and simulation sleeper, railway roadbed, roadbed etc. are just
Degree.Apply 4 specific loadings, two transverse loads and two vertical loads respectively, obtains strain matrix, it is selected in single-sided tracks
Two section As and B Wheel/Rail Contact Points at respectively apply laterally and vertical specific loading, carry out finite element static calculating, obtain
Obtain the structural strain result of calculations of 8 calculating operating modes.The position for optimizing foil gauge using standard D-Optimal methods, from first
Foil gauge needed for choosing in beginning foil gauge group (outer surface of entire finite element model being selected, in addition to constrained), it can allow following formula
The corresponding determinant numerical value of matrix (information matrix) tends to maximize；I.e. so that ranks | εTε | → max is maximized, to obtain
It obtains 8 and optimizes foil gauge positions and corresponding patch direction.
By finite element static result of calculation and ε C=I formula, incidence matrix C is obtained
It is as follows to can get structural strain matrix：
[C]8×4=[εTε]-1εT (1)
In formulaWherein；ε11…ε18It represents laterally single at the A of position
The strain of 8 measuring points extracted from result of finite element under the load working condition of position；ε21…ε28Represent vertical unit at the A of position
The strain of 8 measuring points extracted from result of finite element under load working condition；ε31…ε38Lateral unit at the B of position is represented to carry
The strain of 8 measuring points extracted from result of finite element under lotus operating mode；ε41…ε48Represent vertical specific loading at the B of position
The strain of 8 measuring points extracted from result of finite element under operating mode.
The foil gauge position and direction obtained according to optimization carry out patch on two siding tracks, and in two selected A and B
Two are additionally pasted on section with reference to strain GA and GB, vertical (20 foil gauges of patch in total, both sides Orbital Symmetry are selected in patch direction
Patch pastes 10 foil gauges per siding track, wherein 8 optimization measuring points and 2 Chosen Points), after train passes through from track,
It is obtained with the strain-responsive time history of each foil gauge actual measurement, has on every siding track and answers variation on 8 time mileages
Cloth comes the nominal time (T moment) with two with reference to the strain GA and GB maximum strains surveyed, and obtains 8 strain results of the moment
ε1ε2ε3ε4ε5ε6ε7ε8.With two reference strain G ' of another siding trackAWith G 'BThe maximum strain of actual measurement comes the nominal time (when T
Carve), obtain corresponding 8 strain results ε ' on another siding track1 ε′2 ε′3 ε′4 ε′5 ε′6 ε′7 ε′8。
It using reverse load formula F=ε C, calculates, obtains on a siding track transverse direction of two wheels and vertical active force.
{FYA FZA FYB FZB}={ ε1 ε2 ε3 ε4 ε5 ε6 ε7 ε8}[C]8×4 (2)
It using reverse load formula F=ε C, calculates, obtains on another siding track the transverse direction of two wheels and vertical effect
Power.
{F′YA F′ZA F′YB F′ZB}={ ε '1 ε′2 ε′3 ε′4 ε′5 ε′6 ε′7 ε′8}[C]8×4 (3)
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
It is any that the technology of the present invention is belonged to by the method for incidence matrix reverse wheel and rail intermolecular forces using strain data
The protection domain of design, any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to this hair
Bright technical solution and its design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for arranging foil gauge gathered data reverse wheel and rail intermolecular forces based on trackside, which is characterized in that
It the described method comprises the following steps：
S1, the vertical and lateral unit force load of the reference position based on single-sided tracks structural finite element model and nominal time to
Amount solves the incidence matrix between strain and active force；
S2 obtains most rational position, direction and the quantity for needing to arrange foil gauge on track using D-Optimal criterion；
S3, according to most rational position, direction and the reference position of quantity and nominal time determined in S2, respectively two
It is arranged symmetrically foil gauge on track, and surveys strain caused by active force；
S4, according to the reference position of nominal time actual measurement strain determine reference position obtain maximum strain time, and by its
It is demarcated as the time that one bogie of vehicle passes through the reference position；
S5 calculates one, vehicle bogie one unilateral 2 vehicle in conjunction with incidence matrix and the strain matrix of reference position
Active force between wheel and a rail；
S6 repeats S4 and S5, obtains the active force between 2 wheels of the bogie other side and an other rail, to
It obtains four wheels on one bogie of vehicle and is applied to the real load on rail respectively；
S7 repeats S4~S6, obtains the active force between the other bogie of car wheels of permutation vehicle and rail.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Apply 4 specific loadings respectively in S1, two laterally carry
Lotus and two vertical loads obtain strain matrix；Distinguish at the Wheel/Rail Contact Point of two section As and B selected in single-sided tracks
Apply laterally with vertical specific loading, carries out finite element static calculating.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Survey of the every track for load reverse is arranged in S2
Point quantity is at least 8.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is used in the position that D-Optimal criterion obtain in S2,
In addition to constrained, using the foil gauge of all positions on finite element model as initial strain piece group, and from the initial strain piece
The combination that all differently strained position and direction are attempted in group, allows the corresponding determinant numerical value of incidence matrix to tend to maximize,
I.e. so that ranks | εTε | → max is maximized, and foil gauge position and corresponding patch direction are optimized to obtain 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810189643.3A CN108491594B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-03-08 | Method for reversely solving acting force between wheel and steel rail based on data acquired by strain gauge arranged on rail side |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810189643.3A CN108491594B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-03-08 | Method for reversely solving acting force between wheel and steel rail based on data acquired by strain gauge arranged on rail side |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109916643A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-21 | 西南交通大学 | Wheel rail force load Study of recognition testing stand and test method based on track vibration |
| CN111964927A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 中南大学 | Wheel-rail force trackside monitoring method and system |
| CN112629833A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-09 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Load acquisition method and device |
| CN112665882A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-16 | 北京科技大学 | Real-time monitoring method for wheel rail force of loop accelerated loading test device |
| CN114088290A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-25 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Steel rail assembly for calibrating force measuring wheel set and force measuring wheel set calibration test bed |
| CN114486302A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 大秦铁路股份有限公司科学技术研究所 | Coupler force measuring method and system considering longitudinal loading additional bending moment |
| CN117852368A (en) * | 2024-03-08 | 2024-04-09 | 招商局金陵船舶(威海)有限公司 | Cable pile surface strain-based method for indirectly measuring cable tension |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109916643A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-21 | 西南交通大学 | Wheel rail force load Study of recognition testing stand and test method based on track vibration |
| CN112629833A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-09 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Load acquisition method and device |
| CN112629833B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2024-04-19 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Load acquisition method and device |
| CN111964927A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 中南大学 | Wheel-rail force trackside monitoring method and system |
| CN111964927B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-02-15 | 中南大学 | Wheel-rail force trackside monitoring method and system |
| CN112665882B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-09-16 | 北京科技大学 | Real-time monitoring method for wheel rail force of loop accelerated loading test device |
| CN112665882A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-16 | 北京科技大学 | Real-time monitoring method for wheel rail force of loop accelerated loading test device |
| CN114088290B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2024-03-08 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Steel rail assembly for measuring force wheel set calibration and measuring force wheel set calibration test bed |
| CN114088290A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-25 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Steel rail assembly for calibrating force measuring wheel set and force measuring wheel set calibration test bed |
| CN114486302B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-02-23 | 大秦铁路股份有限公司科学技术研究所 | Coupler force measurement method and system considering longitudinal loading additional bending moment |
| CN114486302A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 大秦铁路股份有限公司科学技术研究所 | Coupler force measuring method and system considering longitudinal loading additional bending moment |
| CN117852368A (en) * | 2024-03-08 | 2024-04-09 | 招商局金陵船舶(威海)有限公司 | Cable pile surface strain-based method for indirectly measuring cable tension |
| CN117852368B (en) * | 2024-03-08 | 2024-06-04 | 招商局金陵船舶(威海)有限公司 | Cable pile surface strain-based method for indirectly measuring cable tension |
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| CN108491594B (en) | 2022-03-29 |
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