CN108490600B - Telescope, barrel assembly and Method of Adjustment - Google Patents
Telescope, barrel assembly and Method of Adjustment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108490600B CN108490600B CN201810278862.9A CN201810278862A CN108490600B CN 108490600 B CN108490600 B CN 108490600B CN 201810278862 A CN201810278862 A CN 201810278862A CN 108490600 B CN108490600 B CN 108490600B
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- lens barrel
- primary mirror
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/003—Alignment of optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/021—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses for more than one lens
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Telescopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of telescope, barrel assembly and Method of Adjustment, the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope includes: lens barrel, the lens barrel includes body tube and time lens barrel, the body tube is connect with the side of the four-way of the pitching shafting of the telescope, and the secondary lens barrel is connect with the other side of the four-way；Be set to inside the body tube and with the relatively-stationary transition substrate of body tube inner wall；The cambridge ring being set to inside the body tube, the cambridge ring have first interface and second interface, and the edge of the first interface and the transition substrate are relatively fixed；Primary mirror seat, the primary mirror seat and the edge of the second interface are relatively fixed；The primary mirror being mounted on the primary mirror seat；The secondary mirror being set on the secondary lens barrel, the secondary mirror are located at one end far from the four-way of the secondary lens barrel, and the secondary mirror and the primary mirror are staggered setting.The structure design of the barrel assembly of the off-axis telescope can carry out the calibration of collimation axis in assembly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to astronomical technical fields, more specifically to a kind of telescope, barrel assembly and Method of Adjustment.
Background technique
As shown in Figure 1, altazimuth telescope includes pitching shafting 02, azimuth axle 03 and barrel assembly 01.Wherein, pitching
Shafting 02 is able to drive barrel assembly and is adjusted around horizontal line rotation with the pitch angle for realizing lens assembly.Azimuth axle 03 can
Barrel assembly is driven to rotate around vertical line to realize the azimuthal adjustment of lens assembly.Lens assembly includes primary mirror, secondary mirror etc.
Optical component.Lens assembly is assembled together by four-way and pitching shafting.When work, by with pitching shafting and azimuth axle
Motor, bearing and the encoder of assembly cooperate, and make lens barrel pointing space target, and complete the work such as to aim at, track, in turn
It realizes to functions such as the records of the imaging of extraterrestrial target, position and range measurement and track.
Many telescopes in the prior art are provided with cross wire division plate at secondary mirror in lens barrel, crosshair
The line of the optical center of intersection point and primary mirror (object lens) is known as collimation axis.Altazimuth telescope in the prior art mainly uses CCD phase
Machine etc. replaces human eye observation, therefore can be using lens barrel optical axis as its collimation axis in coaxial telescope.Usually by telescope
Heart and vertical with the pitch axis geometrical axis is known as mechanical axis, therefore when collimation axis and pitch axis out of plumb, indicates collimation axis
It is not overlapped with the mechanical axis of lens barrel.
There are the angle measurement accuracys that error is directly related to telescope for collimation axis, and then influence the tracking accuracy of telescope complete machine
With the comprehensive performances such as pointing accuracy, therefore the adjustment of collimation axis and its detection of error and amendment are particularly significant.
As shown in Fig. 2, for the telescope of the specific uses such as sun observation or laser ranging, many telescopes are used
The central axis of off-axis structure, optical system is not overlapped with the geometric center of mirror.The optical system of this structure is in optical path
In do not block, will not off-energy, terminal with compact integral structure, but collimation axis adjustment calibration difficulty it is larger.
In conclusion the problem of how efficiently solving the adjustment calibration that cannot achieve the collimation axis of off-axis telescope, is
Those skilled in the art's work urgently to be solved at present.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of barrel assembly of off-axis telescope, the off-axis prestige
The structure design of the barrel assembly of remote mirror can carry out the calibration of collimation axis in assembly, and a second object of the present invention is to provide one
Kind includes the off-axis telescope and a kind of Method of Adjustment of the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope of above-mentioned barrel assembly.
In order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of barrel assembly of off-axis telescope, comprising:
Lens barrel, the lens barrel include body tube and time lens barrel, the body tube and the four of the pitching shafting of the telescope
Logical side connection, the secondary lens barrel are connect with the other side of the four-way；
Be set to inside the body tube and with the relatively-stationary transition substrate of body tube inner wall；
The cambridge ring being set to inside the body tube, the cambridge ring have first interface and a second interface, and described the
The edge of one interface and the transition substrate are relatively fixed；
Primary mirror seat, the primary mirror seat and the edge of the second interface are relatively fixed；
The primary mirror being mounted on the primary mirror seat；
The secondary mirror being set on the secondary lens barrel, the secondary mirror are located at one end far from the four-way of the secondary lens barrel,
And the secondary mirror and the primary mirror are staggered setting.
Preferably, in the barrel assembly of above-mentioned off-axis telescope, seam allowance is provided on the transition substrate, described first connects
The edge of mouth is abutted with the seam allowance of the transition substrate；
The inner hole and underrun supporting structure of the primary mirror are connected with the primary mirror seat, the edge of the primary mirror seat with
The inside of the cambridge ring is mutually abutted by seam allowance.
Preferably, in the barrel assembly of above-mentioned off-axis telescope, one end far from the four-way of the secondary lens barrel is also set
It is equipped with protection glass.
Preferably, in the barrel assembly of above-mentioned off-axis telescope, the sidewall thickness of the cambridge ring is by the first interface
It gradually increases to second interface, gradually increases along its circumferential side wall of the cambridge ring along axial development length is parallel to
Add.
A kind of off-axis telescope, including the barrel assembly as described in any one of above-mentioned.
A kind of Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of the off-axis telescope as described in any one of above-mentioned, comprising steps of
A the transition substrate and cambridge ring) are assembled, and finely tunes the tilt angle of the cambridge ring so that the first interface
Axis and the quadrature error of pitch axis of pitching shafting of the telescope adjust to the first preset range；
B) primary mirror seat and primary mirror are installed, rotate primary mirror adjusting the long axis of the primary mirror and short axle to suitable position and institute
State the center of the excessively described primary mirror of axis of first interface；
C the secondary lens barrel is assembled together with the four-way), and the position of the secondary lens barrel is adjusted to the secondary mirror
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the axis and telescope of the reserved secondary mirror mounting hole of cylinder is located at the second default model
In enclosing, and the axis for the secondary mirror mounting hole for keeping the secondary lens barrel reserved is parallel with the axis of the first interface；
D) Visible Light Camera, and institute are installed in the side far from the four-way for the secondary mirror mounting hole reserved in the secondary lens barrel
The optical center for stating Visible Light Camera is overlapped with the focus spot of the primary mirror；
E position of any picture point on the target surface of Visible Light Camera) is recorded as A, and barrel assembly is rotated around pitch axis
180 ° and after being rotated by 360 ° around azimuth axis, record position of the picture point on the target surface of Visible Light Camera and be used as B, according to position A with
Deviation and focal length between the B of position calculate the deviation of collimation axis, and by adjusting the tilt angle of cambridge ring, by collimation
In the deviation adjusting of axis to third preset range；
F) secondary mirror is installed, and detect by laser interferometer the system wave aberration of the primary mirror and secondary mirror, according to detecting
System wave aberration adjust the position of the secondary mirror after secondary mirror is fixed.
Preferably, in the Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of above-mentioned off-axis telescope, the step A) specifically:
The transition substrate and cambridge ring and four-way are assembled, the azimuth axis of telescope is locked, is surveyed using laser tracker
The pitch axis of telescope is measured, and saves data；Then the pitch axis for locking telescope, measures the wedge using laser tracker
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the axis and telescope of the first interface of shape ring, and by rotation cambridge ring to be connect described first
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the axis and telescope of mouth is adjusted to the first preset range.
Preferably, in the Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of above-mentioned off-axis telescope, the step D) specifically:
Crosshair is installed in the side far from the four-way for the secondary mirror installation site that the secondary lens barrel is reserved, using pitching
Shafting and the motor driven of azimuth axle simultaneously combine encoder to provide position feedback, and barrel assembly is placed in horizontal position and is aligned
Parallel light tube makes to lead by finely tuning the rotary freedom of primary mirror seat, and using the tilting freedom of metal gasket adjustment primary mirror seat
Hot spot at mirror foci is overlapped with the center of crosshair；
Crosshair is replaced with Visible Light Camera, and the optical center of the Visible Light Camera is overlapped with the center of crosshair.
It, can be first by body tube, transition substrate and wedge when assembling the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope provided by the invention
The assembly of shape ring, and the tilt angle of coarse adjustment cambridge ring, so that the pitching of the pitching shafting of the axis of first interface and the telescope
The quadrature error of axis is adjusted to the first preset range.Then primary mirror is assembled, the position of time lens barrel and coarse adjustment time lens barrel is reassembled,
By recording the deviation of telescope direct position and reversing face position camera target surface picture point, above-mentioned deviation combination focal length calculates barrel assembly
The deviation of collimation axis, and then continue to finely tune the tilt angle of cambridge ring, the deviation adjusting of collimation axis to third is preset with realizing
In range.Finally, installation secondary mirror, can detect the system wave aberration of primary mirror and secondary mirror, according to detecting by laser interferometer
System wave aberration adjustment secondary mirror position after secondary mirror is fixed.The above process realizes during assembling barrel assembly,
Calibration to the collimation axis of barrel assembly.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of altazimuth telescope in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is off-axis optics of telescope structural schematic diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the lens assembly of off-axis telescope provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the schematic view of the mounting position of crosshair provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic view of the mounting position of laser interferometer provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the first plane mirror；
Fig. 7 is the schematic view of the mounting position of second plane mirror provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of secondary mirror rigging position provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 1:
01- lens assembly, 02- pitching shafting, 03- azimuth axle；
In Fig. 3-Fig. 8:
1- lens barrel, 2- secondary mirror, 3- transition substrate, 3a- light hole, 4- cambridge ring, 5- primary mirror seat, 6- primary mirror, 7- primary mirror
Cylinder, 8- four-way, 9- protection glass, 10- crosshair, 11- parallel light tube, the first plane mirror of 12-, 13- laser interferometer,
14- second plane mirror.
Specific embodiment
The first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of barrel assembly of off-axis telescope, the lens barrel of the off-axis telescope
The structure design of component can carry out the calibration of collimation axis in assembly, include above-mentioned a second object of the present invention is to provide one kind
The off-axis telescope of barrel assembly and a kind of Method of Adjustment of the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "front", "rear", " left side " and " right side " etc. refer to
The orientation or positional relationship shown is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of the description present invention and simplifies
Description, rather than the position of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have particular orientation, be constituted and operated with specific orientation,
Therefore it should not be understood as limitation of the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as
Indication or suggestion relative importance.
Fig. 3-Fig. 4 is please referred to, the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope provided by the invention includes lens barrel, transition substrate 3, wedge shape
Ring 4, primary mirror seat 5, primary mirror 6 and secondary mirror 2.Wherein, lens barrel includes body tube 7 and time lens barrel 1, the pitching of body tube 7 and telescope
The side of the four-way 8 of shafting connects, and secondary lens barrel 1 is connect with the other side of four-way 8.That is body tube 7 and time lens barrel 1 is located at four
Logical 8 opposite two sides, and body tube 7 and time lens barrel 1 are located at the two sides of the pitch axis of pitching shafting.Primary mirror 6 is mounted on primary mirror
In cylinder 7, secondary mirror 2 is mounted in time lens barrel 1.Transition substrate 3 is set to inside body tube 7, and transition substrate 3 and body tube 7
Inner wall it is relatively fixed, i.e., the outer edge of transition substrate 3 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of body tube 7.Specifically, transition substrate 3
The inner wall of outer edge and body tube 7 can be welded or is clamped by seam allowance, be not limited thereto.
Cambridge ring 4 is also disposed inside body tube 7, and cambridge ring 4 has first interface and second interface, first interface
With second interface along the axial arranging of cambridge ring 4.Where the edge of plane and second interface where the edge of first interface
Plane intersection.The edge of the first interface of cambridge ring 4 and transition substrate 3 are relatively fixed, and specifically, the first of cambridge ring 4 connects
The inward flange at the edge and transition substrate 3 of mouth can be fixed by seam allowance.It is provided on transition substrate 3 for installing cambridge ring
The edge of 4 mounting hole, mounting hole is fixedly connected with the edge of the first interface of cambridge ring 4.It is also provided on transition substrate 3 logical
Unthreaded hole 3a.
Primary mirror seat 5 and the edge of second interface are relatively fixed, and primary mirror seat 5 is fixed in body tube 7 with realizing.Primary mirror seat
5 can be located at the downside of second interface, be used to support primary mirror 6.Primary mirror 6 is mounted on primary mirror seat 5, the second interface of cambridge ring 4
It being tilted relative to first interface, transition substrate 3 extends along plane where first interface, and primary mirror 6 is mounted at second interface, with
This realizes primary mirror 6 and tilts installation relative to the inner wall of transition substrate 3 and body tube 7.
Secondary mirror 2 is mounted on time lens barrel 1, and secondary mirror 2 is located at one end of the separate four-way 8 of time lens barrel 1, and secondary mirror 2 is installed
In the side of the axis of secondary lens barrel 1, the setting so that secondary mirror 2 and primary mirror 6 are staggered.
It, can be first by body tube 7,3 and of transition substrate when assembling the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope provided by the invention
Cambridge ring 4 assembles, and the tilt angle of coarse adjustment cambridge ring 4, so that the pitching shafting of the axis of first interface and the telescope
The quadrature error of pitch axis is adjusted to the first preset range.Then primary mirror 6 is assembled, time lens barrel 1 and coarse adjustment time lens barrel 1 are reassembled
Position, by recording the deviation of telescope direct position and reversing face position camera target surface picture point, above-mentioned deviation combination focal length calculates mirror
The deviation of the collimation axis of cartridge module, and then continue to finely tune the tilt angle of cambridge ring 4, to realize the deviation adjusting of collimation axis extremely
In third preset range.Finally, installation secondary mirror 2, can detect the system wave picture of primary mirror 6 and secondary mirror 2 by laser interferometer 13
Difference, according to behind the position of the system wave aberration adjustment secondary mirror 2 detected that secondary mirror 2 is fixed.The above process is realized in assembly mirror
Calibration during cartridge module, to the collimation axis of barrel assembly.
The light hole 3a and secondary mirror 2 of transition substrate 3 can be with Local Phases pair.
Preferably, seam allowance is provided on transition substrate 3, the edge of first interface is abutted with the seam allowance of transition substrate 3.Primary mirror
6 inner hole and underrun supporting structure is connected with primary mirror seat 5, on the inside of the edge of primary mirror seat 5 and the second interface of cambridge ring 4
It is mutually abutted by seam allowance, with the cooperation of this second interface for realizing primary mirror 6 and primary mirror seat 5 and cambridge ring 4.Supporting structure
Including collateral support and bottom support, the inner hole of primary mirror 6 and bottom surface pass through collateral support respectively and bottom supports and is connected with primary mirror seat 5.
Certainly, transition substrate 3 can also be directly fixedly connected with the edge of first interface, be not limited thereto.
Further, one end of the separate four-way 8 of secondary lens barrel 1 is additionally provided with protection glass 9, protection glass 9 and cambridge ring 4
It is oppositely arranged, secondary mirror 2 is located at the side of protection glass 9.
In one embodiment, the sidewall thickness of cambridge ring 4 is gradually increased by first interface to second interface, i.e., along
The sidewall thickness of the axis direction cambridge ring 4 of cambridge ring 4 gradually successively decreases or is incremented by, and the sidewall thickness of first interface connects less than second
The sidewall thickness of mouth.Meanwhile being incremented by or pass along being parallel to axial development length along its circumferential side wall of cambridge ring 4
Subtract, i.e. the axial length of the side wall of cambridge ring 4 circumferentially increasing or decreasing.With this realize plane where first interface edge with
Plane intersection where second interface edge.
The barrel assembly provided in based on the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of off-axis telescope, the off-axis prestiges
Remote mirror includes any one barrel assembly in above-described embodiment.Since the off-axis telescope uses the lens barrel in above-described embodiment
Component, so the beneficial effect of the off-axis telescope please refers to above-described embodiment.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of off-axis telescope, comprising steps of
S1 transition substrate 3 and cambridge ring 4) are assembled, and finely tunes the tilt angle of cambridge ring 4 so that first connecing for cambridge ring 4
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the axis and telescope of mouth is adjusted to the first preset range.
Step S1) main purpose is the position of coarse adjustment cambridge ring 4 and transition substrate 3.Transition substrate 3 is installed, then will
The edge of the first interface of cambridge ring 4 is connect with transition substrate 3.Transition substrate 3 and/or cambridge ring can be finely tuned in connection procedure
4 so that the quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the axis and telescope of the first interface of cambridge ring 4 is adjusted to first
In preset range.Specifically, cambridge ring 4 can be rotated in connection procedure to adjust the axis of the first interface of cambridge ring 4 and be somebody's turn to do
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of telescope.
S2) primary mirror seat 5 and primary mirror 6 are installed, rotate primary mirror 6 to adjust the long axis of primary mirror 6 and short axle to suitable position and
The axis of first interface crosses the center of primary mirror 6.
Step S2) main purpose be adjust primary mirror 6 tilt angle and rotational positioning precision.Assemble primary mirror seat
5, primary mirror seat 5 is located at the side away from four-way 8 of primary mirror 6, and primary mirror seat 5 is used to support primary mirror 6.Then primary mirror 6, primary mirror 6 are installed
Outer edge abutted with the edge of first interface.In the above process, can by rotation primary mirror 6 with adjust primary mirror 6 long axis and
The position of short axle finally adjusts the position of the long axis of primary mirror 6 and short axle to correct position.Also, make the axis of first interface
The center of primary mirror 6 is crossed, i.e. the optical axis of primary mirror 6 intersects with the axis of first interface.
Specifically, the long axis of primary mirror 6 and minor axis location are provided with mark line, so can be quick when rotating primary mirror 6
The long axis of main shaft and short axle are turned into suitable position.Specifically, primary mirror 6 includes support construction and eyeglass, in the outer circle of primary mirror 6
Long axis and minor axis location are marked with the groove of precision 0.1mm on cylinder, rotate adjustment primary mirror 6 as benchmark, determine initial bit
It sets.
S3 secondary lens barrel 1 is assembled together with four-way 8), and the position of secondary lens barrel 1 is adjusted to time reserved to secondary lens barrel 1
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the axis and telescope of 2 mounting hole of mirror is located in the second preset range, and makes
The axis of reserved 2 mounting hole of secondary mirror of secondary lens barrel 1 is parallel with the axis of first interface；
The step S3) in secondary lens barrel 1 is assembled with four-way 8, but do not fill secondary mirror 2.Time lens barrel 1 is measured using laser tracker
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the axis and telescope of reserved 2 mounting hole of secondary mirror, and make time lens barrel 1 by rotating time lens barrel 1
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the axis and telescope of reserved secondary mirror mounting hole is located at the second preset range
It is interior.Pass through the axis of the secondary mirror mounting hole that secondary mirror cylinder 1 can be made reserved around pitch axes secondary lens barrel 1 and first interface
Axis is parallel, that is, realizes time the lens barrel 1 reserved axis of secondary mirror mounting hole, the axis of first interface and pitch axis substantially position
In in same plane.
Second preset range is 10 ", the measurement error of laser tracker is 10 ", thus can by rotating time lens barrel 1,
The quadrature error of the axis and the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the telescope of the secondary mirror mounting hole that secondary lens barrel 1 is reserved is adapted to
10 " within.
S4) Visible Light Camera, and visible light are installed in the side of the separate four-way 8 for the secondary mirror mounting hole reserved in secondary lens barrel 1
The optical center of camera is overlapped with the focus spot of primary mirror 6.
I.e. Visible Light Camera is opposite with secondary mirror mounting hole, and adjusting can be by the installation site of light camera so that visible light phase
The optical center of machine is overlapped with the focus spot of primary mirror 6.
S5 position of any picture point on the target surface of Visible Light Camera) is recorded as A, and barrel assembly is rotated around pitch axis
180 ° and after being rotated by 360 ° around azimuth axis, record position of the picture point on the target surface of Visible Light Camera and be used as B, according to position A with
Deviation and focal length between the B of position calculate the deviation of collimation axis, and by adjusting the tilt angle of cambridge ring 4, will regard
In the deviation adjusting of fiducial axis to third preset range.
Step S5) in, 11 image-forming principle of parallel light tube is recorded in that is, before parallel light tube 11 using Visible Light Camera
Telescope direct position (0 ° of pitch axis, 0 ° of azimuth axis) and reversing face position (180 ° of pitch axis, 360 ° of azimuth axis) Shi Xiangji target surface picture point
Deviation calculates in conjunction with system focal length and corrects boresight misalignments.As shown in Figure 5.
S6) secondary mirror 2 is installed, and detect the system wave aberration of primary mirror 6 and secondary mirror 2 by laser interferometer 13, according to detection
It is behind the position of the system wave aberration adjustment secondary mirror 2 arrived that secondary mirror 2 is fixed.
Further, step S1) it can be specially to assemble transition substrate 3 and cambridge ring 4 with four-way 8, lock telescope
Azimuth axis, using the pitch axis of laser tracker measuring telescope, and save data；Then the pitching of telescope is locked
Axis using the quadrature error of the pitch axis of the axis and telescope of the first interface of laser tracker measurement cambridge ring 4, and passes through
Rotation cambridge ring 4 is adjusting the quadrature error of the axis of first interface and the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the telescope to first
In preset range.Wherein, the first preset range is 10 ", the measurement error of laser tracker is 10 ", therefore rotation can be passed through
The quadrature error of the axis of first interface and the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the telescope is adapted to 10 by cambridge ring 4 " within.
Wherein, step S4) it specifically includes:
S41) crosshair 10 is installed in the side of the separate four-way 8 for the secondary mirror mounting hole reserved in secondary lens barrel 1, as shown in Figure 5.
Crosshair 10 can be positioned by seam allowance.
S42 position feedback) is provided using pitching shafting and the motor driven of azimuth axle and combination encoder, by lens barrel group
Part is placed in horizontal position and is directed at parallel light tube 11, adjusts by finely tuning the rotary freedom of primary mirror seat 5, and using metal gasket
The tilting freedom of primary mirror seat 5 is overlapped the hot spot of 6 focal point of primary mirror with the center of crosshair 10.
Position is provided using the motor driven of pitching shafting and the motor driven and encoder of encoder and azimuth axle
Feedback is set, lens barrel is placed in horizontal position and is directed at parallel light tube 11.
S43 crosshair 10, and the optical center of Visible Light Camera and the center of crosshair 10 weight) are replaced with Visible Light Camera
It closes.It so may be implemented it will be seen that the optical center of light camera is overlapped with the focus spot of primary mirror 6.
In one embodiment, step S5) specifically:
S51) the setting of the side of the separate four-way 8 of secondary lens barrel 1 and secondary 1 axis of lens barrel it is vertical and parallel with pitch axis the
The entire end face of one plane mirror 12, the first plane mirror 12 and time lens barrel 1 is oppositely arranged.In body tube 7 far from four
Laser interferometer 13 is arranged in logical 8 side, makes the directional light of the outgoing of laser interferometer 13 via the light hole 3a of transition substrate 3,
It is incident on the first plane mirror 12, laser interferometer 13 is then adjusted by interference fringe and is pulled to 0 striped, at this time laser interferometer
13 optical axis and plane mirror is vertical, as shown in Figure 6.
S52) in body tube 7 close to four-way 8 end face on paste second plane mirror 14, second plane mirror 14 with
First plane mirror 12 is parallel and opposite with the mounting hole of secondary mirror 2, makes lens assembly around pitch axes and/or around side
Position axis rotates so that it is anti-to be incident on the second plane via the light hole 3a of transition substrate 3 for the directional light of the outgoing of laser interferometer 13
Mirror 14 is penetrated, laser interferometer 13 is then adjusted by the reflection strip of second plane mirror 14 and is pulled to 0 in laser interferometer 13
Line, body tube 7 and the optical axis of time lens barrel 1 are parallel with the optical axis of laser interferometer 13 at this time.
S53) secondary mirror 2 is installed, and detect by interferometer the system wave aberration of the primary mirror 6 and secondary mirror 2, according to detecting
System wave aberration adjustment secondary mirror 2 position after secondary mirror 2 is fixed.Specifically, secondary mirror 2 can be fastened by screw.
The adjustment of secondary mirror 2 uses laser interferometer 13 and standard flat mirror, the system constituted for primary mirror 6 and secondary mirror 2
Joint-detection is adjusted by system wave aberration as criterion.Interferometer acquisition system interference pattern is specially used, then
Software calculates the wavefront rms error of entire optical system by analysis, and magnitude is indicated with zernike coefficient.Pass through
The relationship of zernike coefficient and system wave aberration is (since the coefficient of various geometrical aberrations and zernike polynomial items can establish
One-to-one connection is played, thus can obtain the wave aberration of optical system from zernike coefficient), judge that needs adjust
Target value, the i.e. current prevailing wavefront error in entire optical system, and then system is obtained by systematic wavefront
Misalignment rate, then carry out a precision machinery adjustment.By repeatedly such analysis and optimization, until the optics of the telescope
System reaches best state.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of barrel assembly of off-axis telescope characterized by comprising
Lens barrel, the lens barrel include body tube and time lens barrel, the four-way of the pitching shafting of the body tube and the telescope
Side connection, the secondary lens barrel are connect with the other side of the four-way；
Be set to inside the body tube and with the relatively-stationary transition substrate of body tube inner wall；
The cambridge ring being set to inside the body tube, the cambridge ring have first interface and second interface, and described first connects
The edge and the transition substrate of mouth are relatively fixed；
Primary mirror seat, the primary mirror seat and the edge of the second interface are relatively fixed；
The primary mirror being mounted on the primary mirror seat；
The secondary mirror being set on the secondary lens barrel, the secondary mirror are located at one end far from the four-way of the secondary lens barrel, and institute
It states secondary mirror and the primary mirror is staggered setting.
2. the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided on the transition substrate
Seam allowance, the edge of the first interface are abutted with the seam allowance of the transition substrate；
The inner hole and underrun supporting structure of the primary mirror are connected with the primary mirror seat, the edge of the primary mirror seat with it is described
The inside of cambridge ring is mutually abutted by seam allowance.
3. the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the secondary lens barrel far from described
One end of four-way is additionally provided with protection glass.
4. the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sidewall thickness of the cambridge ring
It is gradually increased by the first interface to second interface, the sidewall thickness is along its circumferential side wall of the cambridge ring along flat
Row is gradually increased in axial development length.
5. a kind of off-axis telescope, which is characterized in that including barrel assembly such as of any of claims 1-4.
6. a kind of Method of Adjustment of such as collimation axis of the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope of any of claims 1-4,
Characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
A the transition substrate and cambridge ring) are assembled, and finely tune the cambridge ring tilt angle so that the first interface axis
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of line and the telescope is adjusted to the first preset range；
B) primary mirror seat and primary mirror are installed, rotate primary mirror adjusting the long axis of the primary mirror and short axle to suitable position and described the
The center of the excessively described primary mirror of the axis of one interface；
C the secondary lens barrel is assembled together with the four-way), and the position of the secondary lens barrel is adjusted pre- to the secondary lens barrel
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of the axis and telescope of the secondary mirror mounting hole stayed is located in the second preset range,
And the axis for the secondary mirror mounting hole for keeping the secondary lens barrel reserved is parallel with the axis of the first interface；
D) the secondary lens barrel reserve secondary mirror mounting hole far from the four-way side install Visible Light Camera, and it is described can
The optical center of light-exposed camera is overlapped with the focus spot of the primary mirror；
E position of any picture point on the target surface of Visible Light Camera) is recorded as A, and barrel assembly is rotated 180 ° around pitch axis
And after being rotated by 360 ° around azimuth axis, position of the picture point on the target surface of Visible Light Camera is recorded as B, according to position A and position B
Between deviation and focal length calculate the deviation of collimation axis, and by adjusting the tilt angle of cambridge ring, by collimation axis
In deviation adjusting to third preset range；
F) secondary mirror is installed, and detect the system wave aberration of the primary mirror and secondary mirror by laser interferometer, is according to what is detected
System wave aberration fixes secondary mirror after adjusting the position of the secondary mirror.
7. the Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State step A) specifically:
The transition substrate and cambridge ring and four-way are assembled, the azimuth axis of telescope is locked, is measured and is hoped using laser tracker
The pitch axis of remote mirror, and save data；Then the pitch axis for locking telescope, measures the cambridge ring using laser tracker
First interface axis and telescope pitch axis quadrature error, and by rotation cambridge ring with by the first interface
The quadrature error of the pitch axis of the pitching shafting of axis and the telescope is adjusted to the first preset range.
8. the Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State step D) specifically:
Crosshair is installed in the side far from the four-way for the secondary mirror mounting hole that the secondary lens barrel is reserved, using pitching shafting and
The motor driven of azimuth axle simultaneously combines encoder to provide position feedback, and barrel assembly is placed in horizontal position and is directed at directional light
Pipe makes primary mirror focus by finely tuning the rotary freedom of primary mirror seat, and using the tilting freedom of metal gasket adjustment primary mirror seat
The hot spot at place is overlapped with the center of crosshair；
Crosshair is replaced with Visible Light Camera, and the optical center of the Visible Light Camera is overlapped with the center of crosshair.
9. the Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State step F) specifically:
It is vertical and parallel with pitch axis with the secondary lens barrel axis in the side setting far from the four-way of the secondary lens barrel
First plane mirror is arranged laser interferometer in the side of the separate four-way of the body tube, goes out the laser interferometer
The directional light penetrated is incident on the first plane mirror via the light hole of transition substrate, and then adjusting the laser interferometer will
Interference fringe is pulled to 0 striped, and the optical axis of laser interferometer and the first plane mirror are vertical at this time；
Second plane mirror is pasted on the end face of four-way in body tube, the second plane mirror and described first flat
Face mirror parallel and opposite with the installation site of the secondary mirror makes lens assembly around pitch axes and/or around orientation
Axis rotates so that the directional light of laser interferometer outgoing is incident on the second plane reflection via the light hole of transition substrate
Then mirror adjusts the laser interferometer for the reflection strip of second plane mirror and is pulled to 0 striped in laser interferometer, at this time
Body tube and the optical axis of time lens barrel are parallel with the optical axis of laser interferometer；
Secondary mirror is installed, and detects the system wave aberration of the primary mirror and secondary mirror by laser interferometer, according to the system detected
Wave aberration fixes secondary mirror after adjusting the position of the secondary mirror.
10. the Method of Adjustment of the collimation axis of the barrel assembly of off-axis telescope according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The step B) in: the long axis and minor axis location of the primary mirror are provided with mark line.
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| CN110216488B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-05-19 | 中科院南京耐尔思光电仪器有限公司 | Method for processing telescope primary mirror center positioning mechanism |
| CN110361829B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-04-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Telescope pointing error correction method and telescope |
| CN111025618B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-02-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method, device and equipment for adjusting reflection telescope and storage medium |
| CN111811785B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method, device, equipment and medium for detecting aberration of telescope with large dynamic range |
| CN112230239B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-07-05 | 同济大学 | Monitoring device based on optical axis refraction and reflection |
| CN111880282B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-10-08 | 同济大学 | Coarse and fine adjusting device for large-range optical axis |
| CN113092076B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-10-14 | 航天科工微电子系统研究院有限公司 | Method and light path for detecting field focal length of large-diameter zoom reflection telescope |
| CN114355543B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-06-04 | 德伽智能光电（镇江）有限公司 | Off-axis optical system |
| CN114577447B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-02-14 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical system installation and adjustment detection method |
| CN115016089B (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Rapid light path alignment method for split building block reflective wind tunnel schlieren instrument |
| CN116699864B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Reference-free adjustment method, device, equipment and medium for space-based large optical system |
| CN117908243B (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-06-07 | 东华大学 | Multi-view field telescopic system |
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| CN101825474B (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2011-09-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Fine-tuning device for detecting and tuning horizontal axis of telescope and theodolite |
| CN104154881B (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2017-02-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Measuring method for parallelism error of shaft hole end face of telescope four-way |
| CN105242387B (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of off-axis three anti-system of big visual field and Method of Adjustment |
| CN106526884B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-11-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Large-caliber space optical camera lens assembling & adjusting system and Method of Adjustment |
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