CN116880055A - Alignment adjustment method for self-adaptive optical terminal and main optical system on telescope - Google Patents
Alignment adjustment method for self-adaptive optical terminal and main optical system on telescope Download PDFInfo
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- CN116880055A CN116880055A CN202310882676.7A CN202310882676A CN116880055A CN 116880055 A CN116880055 A CN 116880055A CN 202310882676 A CN202310882676 A CN 202310882676A CN 116880055 A CN116880055 A CN 116880055A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
- G02B23/10—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors reflecting into the field of view additional indications, e.g. from collimator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
- G02B23/10—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors reflecting into the field of view additional indications, e.g. from collimator
- G02B23/105—Sighting devices with light source and collimating reflector
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- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Telescopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for adjusting the alignment of a self-adaptive optical terminal and a main optical system on a telescope machine, which comprises the following steps: installing a laser calibration light source at the center of the secondary mirror, installing a self-adaptive optical terminal, and enabling the laser calibration light source to irradiate a Hartmann camera target surface by adjusting a Pick-up assembly; and (3) timely placing the small-caliber collimator at the center of the secondary mirror, and repeatedly using a telescope to image natural star observation or image the small-caliber collimator until the natural star imaging is positioned at the center of the sub-aperture of the Hartmann camera. The method for adjusting the alignment of the self-adaptive optical terminal and the main optical system on the telescope machine can rapidly and safely finish the butt joint work of the self-adaptive optical system and the main system on the telescope machine by adopting the method of combining the laser through shaft and the relative offset error compensation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of telescope imaging quality, in particular to an alignment adjustment method of a self-adaptive optical terminal and a main optical system on a telescope.
Background
In order to overcome the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the imaging quality of a telescope, an adaptive optical technology based on a deformable mirror is invented, the core mainly comprises a Hartmann imaging assembly, the deformable mirror and the like, the Hartmann imaging assembly and the deformable mirror are positioned at the pupil position behind a primary mirror, wherein the deformable mirror is the exit pupil of the primary mirror, the Hartmann imaging assembly is the exit pupil of the deformable mirror, and pupil matching is realized by the Hartmann imaging assembly, the deformable mirror and the Hartmann imaging assembly. During observation, the Hartmann imaging assembly calculates the mass center position of the target on each sub-aperture, calculates the whole inclination amount, calculates instantaneous wave-front information through fitting by utilizing the wave-front processor, and controls and drives the deformable mirror to correct wave-front distortion in real time, thereby overcoming high-order wave-front aberration caused by atmospheric turbulence. The Hartmann imaging assembly is used as the core assembly of the self-adaptive optical system, has the characteristics of small field of view, high precision and small dynamic range, so that how to realize the alignment of the self-adaptive optical terminal and the main optical system rapidly, safely and highly accurately is always a difficult problem.
The existing self-adaptive optical system is mainly divided into an under-plane system and an on-plane system according to the placement positions, the alignment adjustment method of the self-adaptive optical terminal and the telescope is more, and for the under-plane system, the self-adaptive optical system is positioned in a kude house and does not move along with the rotation of the telescope, so that the star can be adjusted in real time, and the method is very convenient; however, for the on-board system, the self-adaptive system rotates in real time along with the telescope, when the telescope is adjusted, the telescope is always in an electrified state, and scientific researchers have the risk of galloping when adjusting on the telescope, so that the telescope has a certain danger, and meanwhile, the telescope is not beneficial to operation when adjusting the telescope due to a certain pitching angle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides an alignment adjustment method for a self-adaptive optical terminal and a main optical system on a telescope.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an alignment adjustment method for a self-adaptive optical terminal and a main optical system on a telescope, wherein the alignment adjustment method comprises the following steps:
a telescope provided with a secondary mirror;
the laser calibration light source is used for emitting laser and is used as a calibration light source;
a small-caliber collimator for use as an imaging light source;
the self-adaptive optical terminal is internally provided with a Hartmann camera and a Pick-up assembly;
the alignment adjustment method comprises the following steps:
step i: installing a laser calibration light source at the center of the secondary mirror, installing a self-adaptive optical terminal, and enabling the laser calibration light source to irradiate a Hartmann camera target surface by adjusting a Pick-up assembly;
step ii: and (3) timely placing the small-caliber collimator at the center of the secondary mirror, and repeatedly using a telescope to image natural star observation or image the small-caliber collimator until the natural star imaging is positioned at the center of the sub-aperture of the Hartmann camera.
In the above technical solution, step i specifically includes the following steps:
a laser calibration light source is arranged at the center of the secondary mirror, and the posture of the laser calibration light source is adjusted to enable the laser emergent direction to coincide with the main optical axis;
and adjusting a Pick-up assembly in the self-adaptive optical terminal according to the light spot position until the light spot appears near the center position of the target surface of the Hartmann camera and images.
In the above technical solution, step ii specifically includes the following steps:
the first step: replacing a laser calibration light source with a small-caliber collimator, and imaging in a Hartmann camera;
and a second step of: using a telescope to image the natural star, adjusting the pointing direction of the telescope, recording the imaging position of the natural star in the Hartmann camera, and calculating the offset delta and the inclination theta of the natural star;
and a third step of: opening the small-caliber collimator, imaging the small-caliber collimator by using the Hartmann camera, and recording the imaging position of the small-caliber collimator;
fourth step: the imaging position of the small-caliber collimator is adjusted through a Pick-up assembly, the adjustment quantity is offset-delta and inclination-theta, and after the adjustment is finished, a telescope is used for observing natural stars again; the telescope is repeatedly used for observing and imaging the natural star and the small-caliber collimator tube, so that the offset delta and the inclination theta are approximate to 0.
In the above technical solution, the Pick-up assembly includes: the two reflectors with the included angle of 90 degrees can realize the 90-degree deflection of the light path.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for adjusting the alignment of the self-adaptive optical terminal and the main optical system on the telescope machine can rapidly and safely finish the butt joint work of the self-adaptive optical system and the main system on the telescope machine by adopting the method of combining the laser through shaft and the relative offset error compensation.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a telescope system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Pick-up assembly.
Fig. 3 is a general flow chart of the method for adjusting the alignment of the adaptive optics terminal and the main optical system on the telescope machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of alignment fine tuning of the on-board adaptive optics terminal and the telescope main optical system.
Reference numerals in the drawings denote:
1-a secondary mirror; 2-calibrating a light source by laser; 3-an adaptive optics terminal; a 4-Pick-up assembly; a 5-Hartmann camera; 6-small caliber collimator.
Detailed Description
The invention is characterized in that: the invention adopts a method combining laser shaft penetration and relative imbalance error compensation, and can rapidly and safely complete the butt joint work of the self-adaptive optical system on the machine and the main system.
The specific working procedure is as follows:
firstly, installing a laser calibration light source at the center of a secondary mirror, representing the actual optical axis of a telescope by using a laser beam, then installing an adaptive optical terminal, and irradiating the laser calibration light source to the target surface of a Hartmann camera by adjusting a Pick-up assembly in the platform so as to realize the rough alignment of the adaptive optical terminal and the telescope;
secondly, replacing the laser calibration light source with a small-caliber collimator, imaging light emitted by the small-caliber collimator on the target surface of the Hartmann camera, and recording the imaging position;
finally, observing and imaging the natural star by using a telescope, namely, the sub-aperture imaging position of the natural star in the Hartmann camera can be seen, calculating the offset delta and the inclination theta between the actual imaging position and the theoretical imaging position, imaging the small-caliber light pipe again, adjusting the Pick-up assembly in the self-adaptive optical terminal to enable the imaging position to move by the offset delta and the inclination theta, and then observing the natural star again, repeating the steps for several times until the imaging of the natural star is positioned at the sub-aperture center of the Hartmann camera, and aligning the self-adaptive optical terminal with the main optical system.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The basic content of the invention is detailed as follows:
the whole telescope system diagram shown in fig. 1 mainly comprises a tracking frame, a four-way mirror, a primary mirror, a secondary mirror 1, a three-mirror, a secondary lens barrel, a secondary mirror ring beam, a self-adaptive optical terminal 3 and the like. When in observation, the light rays are reflected to the adaptive optics terminal 3 of the telescope Ness platform along the primary mirror, the secondary mirror 1 and the three mirrors respectively, and the adaptive optics terminal 3 comprises a plurality of imaging cameras, such as a Hartmann camera 5 with small field of view and high precision, but due to installation errors, the Hartmann camera 5 cannot image a target when not adjusted.
The invention mainly solves the problem of the butt joint of the self-adaptive optical terminal 3 and the main optical system. The invention relates to an alignment adjustment method of a self-adaptive optical terminal and a main optical system on a telescope machine, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, a laser calibration light source 2 is installed in the center of a secondary mirror 1 to represent the optical axis of a telescope, as shown in fig. 1, the difference from the actual imaging process is that the laser calibration light source 2 directly enters an adaptive optical terminal 3 from three mirrors without passing through the primary mirror and the secondary mirror 1, and then a Pick-up assembly 4 in the adaptive optical terminal 3 is adjusted until a Hartmann camera 5 images the laser calibration light source 2.
Secondly, replacing the laser calibration light source 2 with a small-caliber collimator 6, imaging light emitted by the small-caliber collimator 6 on the target surface of a Hartmann camera 5, and recording the imaging position; then, selecting a North star as an observed natural star, observing the natural star by using a telescope, recording the imaging position of the natural star in the Hartmann camera 5, and calculating the offset delta and the inclination theta of the natural star; the small-caliber collimator 6 replaces the laser calibration light source 2, the small-caliber collimator 6 is imaged again, the imaging position of the small-caliber collimator 6 is adjusted to delta and theta through the Pick-up assembly 4, and the self-adaptive optical terminal 3 can be aligned with the telescope after repeated times.
The Pick-up assembly 4 is composed of two reflectors with an included angle of 90 degrees, can realize 90-degree deflection of an optical path, has a specific structure as shown in fig. 2, and mainly comprises: the first Pick-up mirror, the first Pick-up mirror adjusting jackscrew, the second Pick-up mirror adjusting jackscrew and the lens barrel, each reflecting mirror can adjust x-dimensional and y-dimensional inclination, and optical path pupil matching can be achieved through mutual exchange matching.
The invention relates to an alignment adjustment method of a self-adaptive optical terminal and a main optical system on a telescope, and the general implementation process is shown in figure 3. From the general flow chart, it can be seen that the docking of the adaptive optics terminal with the main optical system is divided into two major parts, coarse alignment and fine adjustment.
In the rough alignment stage, a laser calibration light source 2 is arranged at the center of a secondary mirror 1, the posture of the laser calibration light source 2 is adjusted to enable the laser emergent direction to coincide with the main optical axis, and the rough alignment stage is different from the actual observation imaging of a telescope, and the light emitted by the laser calibration light source 2 is not reflected by the main mirror and the secondary mirror 1 and is directly reflected by a three-mirror to the inside of a self-adaptive optical terminal 3. The self-adaptive optical terminal 3 and the telescope four-way are fixed through screws, the positioning accuracy is poor, at the moment, the Hartmann camera 5 cannot image the laser calibration light source 2, according to the light spot position, the tilt of the Pick-up assembly 4 positioned in the platform is continuously adjusted by adopting an approximation method until the light spot appears near the center position of the target surface of the Hartmann camera 5 and images, and the coarse alignment stage is adjusted.
The precise adjustment stage comprises the following four steps:
the first step: replacing the laser calibration light source 2 with a small-caliber collimator 6, and imaging in a Hartmann camera 5;
and a second step of: imaging the North satellite by using the telescope, adjusting the pointing direction of the telescope, recording the imaging position of the North satellite in the Hartmann camera 5, and calculating the offset delta and the inclination theta of the North satellite, as shown in figure 4;
and a third step of: opening the small-caliber collimator 6, imaging the small-caliber collimator 6 by using the Hartmann camera 5, and recording the imaging position of the small-caliber collimator 6;
fourth step: the imaging position of the small-caliber collimator 6 is adjusted through the Pick-up assembly 4 positioned in the platform, the adjustment quantity is offset-delta and inclination-theta, after the adjustment is finished, the telescope is used for observing the North Pole Star again, the approximation method is utilized, the offset delta and the inclination-theta are repeated for several times, the offset delta and the inclination-theta are enabled to approach to 0, and the precise adjustment is finished, and the self-adaptive optical terminal 3 is in butt joint with the telescope.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the meaning of the small-caliber collimator is the same as that of the small-caliber collimator and the light pipe, and the small-caliber collimator and the light pipe refer to the small-caliber collimator. The natural star used for imaging is selected to be the North Polaroid, and in other embodiments other natural stars suitable for viewing may be selected for viewing imaging using a telescope.
The method for adjusting the alignment of the self-adaptive optical terminal and the main optical system on the telescope machine can rapidly and safely finish the butt joint work of the self-adaptive optical system and the main system on the telescope machine by adopting the method of combining the laser through shaft and the relative offset error compensation.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An alignment adjustment method for a self-adaptive optical terminal and a main optical system on a telescope machine is characterized in that the system suitable for the alignment adjustment method comprises the following steps:
a telescope provided with a secondary mirror (1);
a laser calibration light source (2), wherein the laser calibration light source (2) is used for emitting laser as a calibration light source;
a small-caliber collimator (6), the small-caliber collimator (6) being used as an imaging light source;
an adaptive optical terminal (3), wherein a Hartmann camera (5) and a Pick-up assembly (4) are arranged in the adaptive optical terminal (3);
the alignment adjustment method comprises the following steps:
step i: a laser calibration light source (2) is arranged at the center of the secondary mirror (1), a self-adaptive optical terminal (3) is arranged, and the laser calibration light source (2) irradiates to the target surface of the Hartmann camera (5) by adjusting the Pick-up assembly (4);
step ii: and (3) timely placing the small-caliber collimator (6) at the central position of the secondary mirror (1), and repeatedly utilizing a telescope to image natural star observation or image the small-caliber collimator (6) until the natural star imaging is positioned at the center of the sub-aperture of the Hartmann camera (5).
2. The method for adjusting the alignment of an adaptive optics terminal and a main optical system on a telescope as recited in claim 1, wherein the step i comprises the steps of:
a laser calibration light source (2) is arranged at the center of the secondary mirror (1), and the posture of the laser calibration light source (2) is adjusted to enable the laser emergent direction to coincide with the main optical axis;
and adjusting a Pick-up component (4) in the adaptive optical terminal (3) according to the light spot position until the light spot appears near the center position of the target surface of the Hartmann camera (5) and is imaged.
3. The method for aligning an adaptive optics terminal with a main optical system on a telescope as recited in claim 1, wherein step ii comprises the steps of:
the first step: replacing the laser calibration light source (2) with a small-caliber collimator (6), and imaging in a Hartmann camera (5);
and a second step of: using a telescope to image the natural star, adjusting the pointing direction of the telescope, recording the imaging position of the natural star in the Hartmann camera (5), and calculating the offset delta and the inclination theta of the natural star;
and a third step of: opening the small-caliber collimator (6), imaging the small-caliber collimator (6) by using the Hartmann camera (5), and recording the imaging position of the small-caliber collimator (6);
fourth step: the imaging position of the small-caliber collimator (6) is adjusted through the Pick-up assembly (4), the adjustment quantity is offset-delta and inclination-theta, and after the adjustment is finished, a telescope is used for observing natural stars again; the telescope is repeatedly used for observing and imaging the natural star and imaging the small-caliber collimator (6) so that the offset delta and the inclination theta are approximate to 0.
4. A method of alignment adjustment of an adaptive optics terminal and a main optical system on a telescopic machine according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the Pick-up assembly (4) comprises: the two reflectors with the included angle of 90 degrees can realize the 90-degree deflection of the light path.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310882676.7A CN116880055A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Alignment adjustment method for self-adaptive optical terminal and main optical system on telescope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310882676.7A CN116880055A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Alignment adjustment method for self-adaptive optical terminal and main optical system on telescope |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117991493A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-07 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Astronomical telescope optical system on-site adjustment method based on Hartmann detection |
| CN118033609A (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-05-14 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical axis calibration method based on non-coaxial receiving-transmitting laser ranging system |
-
2023
- 2023-07-18 CN CN202310882676.7A patent/CN116880055A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117991493A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-07 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Astronomical telescope optical system on-site adjustment method based on Hartmann detection |
| CN117991493B (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-06-07 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Astronomical telescope optical system on-site adjustment method based on Hartmann detection |
| CN118033609A (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-05-14 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical axis calibration method based on non-coaxial receiving-transmitting laser ranging system |
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