CN108476206A - Telecommunication network operating method, telecommunication network, controller and data processing equipment - Google Patents
Telecommunication network operating method, telecommunication network, controller and data processing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108476206A CN108476206A CN201680075558.3A CN201680075558A CN108476206A CN 108476206 A CN108476206 A CN 108476206A CN 201680075558 A CN201680075558 A CN 201680075558A CN 108476206 A CN108476206 A CN 108476206A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/26—Special purpose or proprietary protocols or architectures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/28—Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
- H04L12/40013—Details regarding a bus controller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/4026—Bus for use in automation systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
In a communication network, first participant (14) is by clock data serial transmission to second participant (16).The data sequence includes write-in datagram, and said write datagram has header (420), the middle field (430) after the header and the data field (440) after the middle field.The second participant reads header, is determined input data based on the content of the header and the data field (440) is written in the input data when the data sequence is by the second participant.The length of the middle field (430) is suitable for the clock frequency of the data sequence and the response time of the second participant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method being used to operate communication network, communication network, as the controller of first participant
And the data processing equipment as second participant.
Present application for patent advocates the priority of German patent application case DE 10 2,015 120 242.5, the disclosure of which
It is incorporated herein by reference by backtracking.
Background technology
Communication network includes multiple (that is, at least two) participants to communicate with one another via suitable communication port.It can be with
It is wireless and wired paths by communication channel design.Information can be in a communication network in the form of discrete data be grouped (message)
It is transferred to another participant from a participant.
Transmission network is a kind of there is defined the network of the data path by participant, and participant can be by described
Network receives and forwarding message.The message that controller as the first participant in network transmits by the data path and
Therefore pass through the follow-up participant of the transmission network.When the message is by a participant in the participant, have
The participant of pass, which has, to read data from the message or writes data into the ability of the message.Message may include one or
Multiple datagrams.Each datagram includes at least header and the data field after the header.Header is provided to accommodate
Status information and/or control information.The data field is provided to accommodate payload.
In ablation process, participant receives datagram and defines input data according to the header content of the datagram.
Then the data field after the header is written in the input data by participant.Depending on the header content, the input
The definition of data needs the regular hour.This time is referred to as the response time of related participant.
Since the length of datagram is fixed, so (in the case of each at the output of the participant) is in number
According to time of occurrence interval, the length of the time interval between the output of the data field of the output and datagram of report header
It is similarly fixed, i.e., cannot be changed by participant.In other words, the time of the output of the header in a fixed manner with it is described
The time of the output of data field connects.However, in the defined aforementioned input data of the participant and being written into data
Before field, the participant cannot export the data field.Since the definition of the input data needs the regular hour
(above-mentioned response time), therefore participant cannot export the header in any random early stage.It is that will must entirely count instead
Postpone one time corresponding with the response time according to the output of report (otherwise header and data field " will be separated ").
In automatic technology, the Different field bus protocol based on 100Mbit/s Ethernets is had built up.Due to
The Ethernet of 1Gbit/s is prevailing in consumer domain, therefore is also desirable that existing with 1Gbit/s or higher bit-rate transmissions
Field bus agreement.Meanwhile correspondingly faster clock had better not be provided for entire participant.
198 03 686 A1 of DE disclose a kind of clock field bus system at least two participants, it is described at least
Two participants exchange message in a manner of bit synchronous, wherein the processing time needed for the participant is examined by null message
Consider.The middle field in message for filling the free space in the payload field not occupied by payload is from DE
10 2,007 004 044A1 and 10 2,008 009 835 A1 of DE are learnt.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is realize that for the most short of the datagram to be transmitted the time may be transferred.
This purpose is realized by the feature of independent claims.Dependent claims describe particularly advantageous embodiment party
Formula.
The datagram that participant therefrom reads the data being addressed referred to below as reads datagram, and participant writes
The datagram for entering the data being addressed is referred to as that datagram is written.Message can include multiple datagrams, wherein the datagram
Can read datagram or write-in datagram.There is provided the message for including both to read datagram and datagram is written may also
In the presence of.
According to the present invention in operating the method for communication network, clock data sequence to be joined from the first of communication network
It is transferred to second participant with person.First participant transmits a data sheet of the data sequence per the clock cycle
Member.The data sequence include write-in datagram, said write datagram include header, the middle field after the header,
And the data field after the middle field.In each situation, the header, middle field and data field include
One or more data cells.The second participant reads the header and root within the response time of the second participant
According to the header content and define input data independently of the content of the middle field.When the data sequence passes through institute
When stating second participant, said write datagram is written in the input data defined by this method by the second participant.It is described
The length of middle field is matched with the response time of the clock frequency of the data sequence and the second participant.
The length of middle field in said write datagram significantly with the clock frequency of the data sequence and described
The response time of second participant matches so that the second participant successfully defines input number according to the content of the header
The data field of the datagram is written according to and by the input data, while the data field is for the second participant
For write-access.The middle field keeps the transfer time between the input and output of the second participant shorter, i.e., logical
Spend the shorter transfer time of the second participant.If the length of the middle field is enough, it is likely that described second
The header that said write datagram is exported at the output of participant (and is likely located between the header and the middle field
The datagram other fields), and do not have to (if requiring otherwise) by certain stand-by period so as to its with
The data field is exported with required Fixed Time Interval between the header.At least in principle, it now is possible to implement logical
Spend the transfer time of the only one clock cycle of second participant.In the embodiment of this type, the second participant exists
A data cell of the header of said write datagram is read in per clock cycle and taking first in the case of each
Certainly defined in the content of the header just read, during the subsequent clock cycle corresponding with the middle field
Input data.Then, the data of said write datagram are written in the input data defined by this method by the second participant
Field, while the data field passes through a second participant (data sheet of data field described in per the clock cycle
Member).
In one embodiment, middle field is only made of filling bit sequence (dummy bits or VB vacancy bit).Filling
Bit or dummy bits or VB vacancy bit are the bits that its content is not evaluated.For example, middle field can be the limited of zero bit
Sequence.In the embodiment of this type, the sole purpose of middle field is between the time increased between header and data field
Every so as to forward each data cell of write-in datagram as quickly as possible by second participant.In this case,
The shortening for transferring the time extends the message along with the constant basis of payload in message.This may cause valid data fast
The reduction (for example, if the message extended the result is that less message can be transmitted in per time unit) of rate.This
In the case of, it is contemplated that the length of middle field is selected to indicate to transfer the compromise between time and effective data rate.
It should be noted that the middle field must have specific minimum length, to there is transmission data in a communication network
The minimum of sequence transfers the time.
This minimum length is hereinafter also referred to as the optimum length of middle field.If it is the middle field selection compared with
Short length (is shorter than optimum length), then this will need to lengthen at least one of the multiple participant by communication network
The transfer time of participant, but the message then will be shorter, i.e., it would be possible to transmit in per time unit most
According to report.The middle field of shortening may be suitable (i.e. with the length middle field shorter than optimum length), especially if
Intend in extremely rapid succession to transmit many message (i.e. with short time interval) so that each message can be no longer elongated.However, if
The maximization (that is, payload data rate or effective data rate) of the payload of per time unit's transmission is not decisive
Standard, then it may be appropriate to select the above-mentioned optimum length defined for the middle field.
The optimum length of the middle field obviously takes (i.e. for realizing the minimum length as short as possible for transferring the time)
Certainly in the clock frequency of the data sequence and the response time of the second participant.The clock frequency of the data sequence
The response time of the higher and described second participant is longer, and the optimum length of the middle field will be longer.Implemented according to one
Mode, the header include the instruction of the length of middle field.By this method, each participant of receiving data sequence can
Identify the beginning of the data field.Optionally, for example, it will be appreciated that each datagram in data sequence includes middle word
Section, wherein the length of the middle field is all identical for all datagrams.In this case, such as in communication network
Trial run period between or middle field length it is each adaptation after, for example, being identical institute according to all datagrams
The length for stating middle field programs each participant and is sufficient.
It should be mentioned at this point that all open features of the first participant and the second participant can be with
Implemented in a manner of same or similar in each other participant of communication network.
According to one embodiment, the datagram is write-in datagram, and the message also includes to read datagram,
The reading datagram includes header and the data field after the header.Therefore the reading datagram is not wrapped
Containing with the comparable middle field of the middle field of said write datagram.This embodiment is based on the recognition that：It is visited with write-in
Difference is asked, because second participant is not necessarily read access and provides any data, reading of the second participant to data field
Taking access, there is no problem in time.
According to one embodiment, the header includes address, and the second participant from described address by referring to
It is read in fixed memory area and enters data to determine input data.The data are captured from the memory area may
Need the regular hour.In some embodiments, the above-mentioned response time can be mainly by capturing institute from the memory area
State the time composition needed for input data.
According to one embodiment, the input and output of the second participant is interconnected via shift register.Institute
Shift register is stated to be clocked with clock frequency and by the data sequence.For example, the shift register can have
The write-in section for reading section downstream and section is read, wherein the second participant can be from the reading section (and therefore
From the data sequence) it reads data and therefore data (such as above-mentioned input data) write-in said write section (and is written
The data sequence).When the header is by the reading section, second participant is from described in reading section reading
Header.After a period of time, i.e., when the input field is by said write section, the second participant is by the input data
Write-in said write section and the data field that the datagram is therefore written.
Shift register can also have the interlude for being located at and reading between section and write-in section.The interlude, which has, to be extended
The effect of time between reading process and ablation process.If the interlude long enough (at least there is optimum length),
Above-mentioned middle field can then be saved.However, if the middle field is shorter in length than optimum length, the report is being read
Head is simultaneously written into after the write-in section of shift register, and the interlude provides time enough for the second participant
Determine input data.The interlude is longer, and the transfer time by second participant is also longer.Embodiment party herein
In one modification of formula, write-in section is not located at the downstream for reading section, but the two sections partially or completely overlap each other.
According to one embodiment, shift register only includes a single memory assembly, in the every of data sequence
A data cell of the data sequence is accurately accommodated in one clock cycle.In this case, shift register and
Therefore second participant has the transfer time of what a proper clock cycle of data sequence.Then, the second participant is one
A data cell of receiving data sequence in a clock cycle, and it is defeated in its output end in the next clock cycle
Go out identical data cell (there is change or unchanged content).
According to one embodiment, the length of the length of the shift register and the middle field matches each other.It can
Selection of land or additionally, the method may include make the length of the length of the shift register and the middle field each other
The means matched.The means may include the length that the shift register is for example minimized with the given length of the middle field
Degree or the length that the middle field is minimized with the given length of the shift register.
In numerous applications, it minimizes through the transfer time of second participant and is selected as shift register to the greatest extent
May it is short and by the middle field be chosen to for this purpose needed for length may be suitable.On the contrary, answering at other
In (such as, if it is desired to efficient message transmission rate or since other reasons keep the message as short as possible), prolong
It is appropriate that length, which passes through the transfer time of second participant and shortens the middle field,.
According to one embodiment, the middle field includes at least one empty element.Empty element is (in this application
It is referred to as filling element or virtual element) it is the data cell that its content is not evaluated in the method.Therefore the empty member
The content (value of the bit of the i.e. described empty element) of element is incoherent.Instead, the empty element of each in the middle field
It is merely provided for the middle field with specific length.
According to one embodiment, the middle field can also include the status information read by participant, such as in
Break.Such status information reading middle field will not be destroyed and extend the time for addressing the first data byte
Purpose is for good and all held in advance or by participant is appropriate because status information is not selected by address field instead of thus.Or
Person, is similar to broadcast message, and the middle field can be used for addressing data distribution to participant.Therefore number is increased
According to the validity of transmission.
According to one embodiment, data sequence includes multiple write-in datagrams.In every case, in these datagrams
Each datagram include header, the middle field after the header and the data word after the middle field
Section.In every case, the length of the middle field can with the clock frequency of the data sequence and with multiple participations
The response time of at least one of person participant matches.What datagram clearly continuously transmitted.In the multiple datagram
Each datagram can be addressed to a particular participant or multiple particular participants in communication network.For example, described
Datagram can be the segmentation of a message.The data sequence obviously can include other numbers for including not necessarily middle field
According to report (such as one or more reading datagrams).
According to one embodiment, the length (middle field length) of the middle field is in all write-in datagrams
It is identical.It is then possible to such as middle field length defined in the header of the message including datagram.It is substituted at one
In design, the middle field length is stored in each participant (such as in the register especially provided for this purpose
In).
According to one embodiment, the data sequence includes message, and the message is comprising message header and described
Multiple datagrams after message header.For example, particular participant can be addressed with each datagram.Therefore can implement
To the synchronous control of participant's (such as device in automated production factory).For example, in Ethernet auto-control technology
(EtherCAT) such data sequence may be implemented in system.
According to one embodiment, the length of the middle field and the clock frequency of the data sequence match each other.
Alternatively, or in addition, the method may include the hands for making the length of the middle field match each other with the clock frequency
Section.The means may include for example to minimize the length of the middle field to clock frequency or with given length
Middle field maximizes the clock frequency.The increase of clock frequency typically result in by transfer time of each participant compared with
It is short.The extension of middle field allows to use higher clock frequency, because it provides the more time to read for each participant
Datagram header is taken, input data is defined and the input data is written to the data field of the datagram, even if shortening
The transfer time in the case of.
According to one embodiment, the method includes configuration means passes through second participant's using the configuration means
It is length and clock based on the middle field to transfer the time (that is, from transfer time for being input to output of second participant)
Frequency and be set.In a particular embodiment, second participant runs in this way, i.e., second participant is based on
The length and clock frequency of the middle field independently set it and transfer the time.This can such as example using test data report
It is such as completed in configuration phase, wherein executing whether test is correctly processed with the determination test data report.
According to one embodiment, second participant shows the response time of the second participant to first participant.
Second participant (for example, from participant) therefore make first participant (such as main participant) that the suitable length of middle field can be set
Degree.According to a particular implementation, in the multiple participants for handling the datagram or message transmitted in time by first participant
Each participant point out its respective response time to the first participant.Therefore the multiple participant makes the first ginseng
Can be the length that all participants set enough middle fields with person (such as main participant).
According to one embodiment, first participant (such as main participant) is to second participant (such as from participant) table
The length of bright middle field.Therefore the second participant can be reduced as far as its turn according to the length of the middle field
Send the time.In addition, the second participant can properly process write-in datagram (for example, in the correct position of the datagram
Set write-in input data).According to one embodiment, the first participant is by writing the instruction of the middle field length
Enter to the clock data sequence (for example, being written to the header of each transmission message) transmitted by it or (in every case
Under, in the case where message includes multiple datagrams with different length middle field) header of each datagram is written to show
The length of the middle field.
In various embodiments, such as during the configuration phase in the operation of communication network, first participant exists
The length of the middle field is individually passed into second participant (and other relevant participants) in configuration signal.
Communication network according to the present invention is characterized in that it is configured as carrying out according to one of the above embodiment
Method.
The communication network may, for example, be field bus system.According to one embodiment, the communication system uses
Ethernet protocol.Alternatively, other communication protocols can be used.
According to a particular implementation, the communication network is EtherCAT network.EtherCAT network is
Beckhoff automates the field bus system based on Ethernet protocol of specific development.
Controller according to the present invention as the first participant in communication network is configured as generating clock data sequence
It arranges and exports the clock data sequence on an output end of the controller for forward to the communication network
Second participant.Controller generates a data cell of the data sequence in per clock cycle.Data sequence includes to write
Enter datagram, said write datagram is comprising header, the middle field after the header and after the middle field
Data field.At each occurrence, the header, middle field and data field include one or more data cells.
And, data cell is the limit bit sequence for having regular length, wherein the length is for all data cells as already mentioned above
It is identical.For example, data cell can be bit, byte (8 bit) or any other data cell.In every case
Under, the header, middle field and data field include one or more data cells.At each occurrence, one or
Multiple clock cycle are correspondingly assigned to the header, middle field and data field.Controller is characterized in that intermediate
The length of field can be matched with the response time of the clock frequency of data sequence and second participant.This provides reference
Above-mentioned advantage according to the method for the present invention.
Data processing equipment according to the present invention as the second participant in communication network is configured as receiving clock
Data sequence, wherein the data processing equipment receives a data cell of the data sequence in per clock cycle.It is described
Data processing equipment is configured as being used in particular for receiving and handling the data sequence for including datagram, and the datagram includes report
Head, the middle field after the header and the data field after the middle field, wherein the header, middle word
Section and data field all include one or more data cells at each occurrence.The feature of the data processing equipment exists
In its in the datagram by reading the header of the datagram when data processing equipment and according in the header
Hold and institute is written independently of the content-defined input data of the middle field within the response time and by the input data
State the data field of datagram.
Description of the drawings
Below with reference to attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail.Identical reference numeral indicates identical or equivalent component.
Fig. 1 shows schematically the example of the embodiment of communication network.
Fig. 2 shows schematically the example of the conventional implementation of datagram.
Fig. 3 shows schematically the example of the conventional implementation of the method for operating communication network.
Fig. 4 shows schematically the example of the embodiment of datagram.
Fig. 5 shows schematically the example of the embodiment of the method for operating communication network.
Fig. 6 shows the exemplary stream of the embodiment of the method for the datagram in the participant for handling communication network
Cheng Tu.
Fig. 7 shows schematically the example of the embodiment of second and third participant.
Specific implementation mode
The example for the communication network 10 summarized in Fig. 1 includes multiple participants 12, and the multiple participant 12 uses communication
Technology communicates with one another via data path 11.In operation, message is transmitted along the data path 11.As an example,
Assuming that first participant 14 (such as main participant) transmits message, the message passes through other then along the data path 11
It participant 12 and is handled by the participant.At least one segmentation of the data path 11 passes through in multiple participants 12
Each.
By section length (such as with data cell to measure) and corresponding the time can be transferred (such as with the clock cycle
It is measurable) each segmentation of the data path 11 is distributed to, the data path 11 is from the multiple participant 12
One input extends to the corresponding output of identical participant.The length of given segmentation and be assigned to its transfer time that
This is following related：Transfer time=section length：Data rate.The data rate is understood to mean that every time interval is passed
The quantity of transmission of data unit, the i.e. inverse of clock cycle.
The increase (that is, the very fast clock for the data sequence transmitted by first participant 14) of data rate accordingly results in institute
State the shorter transfer time in the segmentation of each of data path 11.The data rate is higher, can be used for each participant and is connecing
The first segmentation for receiving the data sequence through clock defines input data and provides their write-ins for this purpose later
The time of the specific subsequent segment of data sequence is fewer.
Relative superiority or inferiority is crossed in clock frequency, it may occur however that such situation, wherein for accommodating the data that input data is provided
The segmentation of sequence is by second participant 16, and the second participant 16 is still busy with the definition input data.It is logical
The clock frequency (passing through the clock frequency of the data sequence of the participant) of communication network therefore cannot be with any given way
Easily increase.Similarly, by increasing clock frequency, cannot easily shorten from a given participant to another participation
The transfer time of person.
This difficulty is overcome by providing middle field in datagram, such as specifically below with reference to fig. 4 to fig. 6
Bright.The data rate clock frequency of 1GHz (correspond to more than) more than 1Gbit/s therefore can be for example in EtherCAT nets
Implement in network.
Fig. 2 is showed schematically with command field CMD, identification field IDX, address field ADDRESS, length field
The example of the conventional implementation of the datagram 10 of LENGTH, break field IRQ, data field DATA and trailer field WKC.
The field of the datagram 200 is shown with time sequencing in fig. 2.This means that transmissions field CMD, then transmissions field first
IDX and then transmissions field ADDRESS etc..Field positioned at the datagram of the upstreams the data field DATA is collectively referred to as
Header 220.In the example, the header 220 includes field CMD；IDX, ADDRESS, LENGTH and IRQ.Data sequence
The content of field is understood to mean the current value or state of field, i.e., the value that the described field shows in row.For example, individual bit
With value 0 or 1.
The command field CMD shows to intend to handle the mode of the datagram 200 in participant.In an embodiment party
In formula, for example, the datagram can be characterized as reading datagram by the first value of command field CMD, that is, as its data
(content of data field DATA) intends the datagram read by the participant being addressed.The command field CMD's is different
The datagram 200 can be characterized as write-in datagram by second value, that is, its data field DATA is intended to accommodate to come from and be addressed
Participant data datagram.The datagram received can be assigned to identification field IDX by first participant 14
Transmission data report.One or more participants which define datagram can be selected as with address field ADDRESS, and
And it may indicate that specific memory location (such as in the participant addressed).The length field LENGTH shows described
The length of data field DATA.The break field IRQ can define the interruption triggered by participant.Payload can be with institute
It (is, for example, the data (input data that second participant 16 defines to state data field DATA (data field 240)；In such case
Under, the datagram is to read datagram)) (referring to Fig. 1) or the data (output data to be inputted by second participant 16；
In this case, the datagram is write-in datagram)) it is transmitted together.It is only in the structure of the datagram of this general introduction
One example.(not shown) in different examples, header include the field other than field depicted herein.At another
In example, datagram does not include trailer field WKC.
It is transmitted by first participant 14 as an example, the clock data sequence (it includes datagrams 200) is assumed below
And it is received by second participant 16.Assume further that the command field CMD and described address field ADDRESS is by datagram
200 are characterized as being addressed to the write-in datagram of second participant 16.The second participant 16 receives datagram 200 first
Header is simultaneously intended to recognize it from described address field based on the identification field IDX and the command field CMD
Memory area specified the ADDRESS and length field LENGTH is (for example, the internal storage area of second participant 16
Domain) it obtains data and the data field DATA is written into they.Therefore the second participant 16 asks specified memory
The content in region.The time for being referred to as the response time in this application is reading the field ADDRESS's and LENGTH
Time and receiving passes through between requested memory data.Then, the memory data that second participant 16 will be obtained
The data field is written as input data in (i.e. by the content of ADDRESS and the LENGTH memory area defined)
DATA.Prerequisite to this is that the data field DATA not yet passes second participant 16 at this moment.This for example passes through choosing
Sufficiently low clock frequency is selected to realize, to ensure from when the sufficiently long transfer for being input to output of second participant 16
Between.In this conventional implementation, due to the significant response time of second participant 16, so can not be increased with any given way
Add clock frequency.
Fig. 3 shows the example of the conventional implementation of the method by multiple participant's real-time processing data sequences.Described
In example, data sequence is continually by three participants S1, S2 and S3 (for example, in Fig. 1 from participant 16,18,20).
In the example, data sequence includes three continuous datagrams, and at each occurrence, the datagram includes address word
The section ADDR1 or ADDR2 or ADDR3 and data field DATA1 or DATA2 after respective address field or DATA3.For
For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that described address field and the data field are at each occurrence by a just data sheet
Member composition.If the data path for transmitting the data sequence on it is considered as shift register, this means at each
In the case of per in shift register described in the clock cycle address field and data field carry previous position.
The figure shows the position of the data sequence on the data path in five continuous time t=1 to t=5, wherein when
The length in clock period has been selected as chronomere.Ginseng is arrived in the address field ADDR1 of time t=1, first datagram
With person S1, and S1 reads the storage address shown in described address field ADDR1.In time t=2, S1 is from described
The specified memory area in location fetches input data.First data are written into the input data in time t=3, S1
The data field DATA1 of report, this is possible, because DATA1 is still located on inside the participant S1 at this time.Subsequent datagrams
(ADDR2, DATA2) and (ADDR3, DATA3) is handled in a similar way by the participant S2 and S3 in the downstreams participant S1.
In the example, the address field ADDR2 of second datagram (ADDR2, DATA2) arrived the ginseng in time t=5
With person S2 and then read by S2.The unshowned time later carries out in figure 3 for further processing.
According to one embodiment, single participant (in figure 3, participant S1, S2 and S3) is by datagram
Sequence and be addressed.In such a case, it is possible to save address above mentioned field ADDRESS (or for addressing one or more ginsengs
With other instructions of person).
In such as EtherCAT in enforceable different embodiments, each datagram includes address field, for example,
Address field ADDRESS (seeing above) for addressing one or more participants, related data report are defined for described one
A or multiple participants.This allows datagram to be transmitted with any given sequence.This indicates that the sequence of the datagram in message is
Random.The sequence independently of participant on data path can be especially to select the sequence of the datagram in the message.
The method summarized in Fig. 3 is (wherein to put it more simply, it has assumed that each datagram only includes an address field and a data
Field) be easily converted to wherein each datagram include for address the address field of one or more participants (such as
ADDRESS embodiment).It is above-mentioned therefore be applied below to reference to method described in Fig. 5.
The example for the datagram 400 summarized in Fig. 4 include header 420, the middle field 430 after the header and
Data field 440 after the middle field 430.The datagram 400 can also have after the data field 440
Trailer field 450.The header 220 and number of the header 420 and the data field 440 and datagram 200 shown in Fig. 2
According to field 240 quite and can be constructed and handled with mode identical with the latter.Such as, it is intended to it writes input data into
The participant of the data field 440 can with control field 420 (for example, with the address field ADDRESS for including in it) come
Selection.The middle field 430 is predominantly or exclusively used to provide spacing between the header 420 and the data field 440,
It enables the participants to take so as in the case of the very short transfer time in the datagram 400 by related participant
Input data is defined certainly in the content of the header 420 and the input data defined in this way is written in time
The data field 440.The length of the middle field 430 can with transmit the datagram 400 data cell where
Clock frequency and the response time for being intended to handle one or more participants of the datagram 400 match.If intended
Increase clock frequency, then generally has to extend the middle field.
At least if datagram 400 is write-in datagram (if command field CMD is by the data i.e. in specific example
Report 400 is characterized as write-in datagram), then it may be advantageous for middle field 430.Write-in datagram is typically to cause participant will
Any datagram of the data field of the datagram is written in data.On the contrary, it is to cause participant from described to read datagram
Any datagram of data is read in the data field of datagram.
Data sequence may include that datagram is written and read datagram.In reading datagram, header and data field
Between middle field not will produce any benefit usually, but only can unnecessarily extend the reading datagram.Therefore, it is reading
It takes in datagram, data field is preferably closely followed after the header.This means not provide middle word in the reading datagram
Section.For example, reading datagram can be constructed with mode identical with datagram 200 shown in Fig. 2, wherein data word
Section 240 is after header 220.
Fig. 5 shows schematically the example of the clock data sequence comprising two continuous data reports, i.e. the first datagram
And the second datagram then.First datagram (ADDR1, FILL1, DATA1) includes address field ADDR1, in institute
State the middle field FILL1 after address field and the data field after the middle field.Second datagram
(ADDR2, FILL2, DATA2) be constructed in a similar way and include address field ADDR2, middle field FILL2 and
Data field DATA2 after the middle field.In the example, ADDR1 and ADDR2 are every for described address field
The header of relevant datagram is formd in the case of a kind of.In fact, the header of datagram is generally not only made of address field,
But also include added field, but such added field is unrelated with the description of this simplification.In each clock cycle
In, data sequence (described in Fig. 3) advance one data word section and the therefore logical participation excessively at each occurrence
Person is participant S1, S2 and S3 here.In the diagram, at each occurrence, data sequence is t=1 to t=5's
It is shown at five continuous times, the length of wherein clock cycle has been selected as chronomere, as shown in Figure 3.In time t
=1, participant S1 for example read storage address to assess the first datagram by the address field for including from the header
Header.In time t=2 then, when the middle field FILL1 is by participant S1, the participant S1 is according to institute
The content of header is stated to define input data.In the example shown, the participant S1 passes through from described address field
It is read in memory area specified ADDR1 and enters data to define the input data.In time t=3, the participant S1
The input field DATA1 is written into identified input data.Compared with processing figure according to fig. 3, pass through the participant
The transfer time of each data cell in the clock data sequence of each participant in S1, S2, S3 obviously compared with
It is short, that is, in this example, the same clock cycle such as only, rather than two clock cycle needed for Fig. 3.
Flow in Fig. 6 shows showing for the method 600 of the data sequence in the participant for handling communication network
Example.For example, participant can be one of the participant 12 of the communication network described referring to Fig.1.In the method, it participates in
Person receives storage address (step 601) and the length of the memory area addressed (in the case that relevant) first
Instruction.The participant reads the address received and is received in step 601 (in the case that relevant) other
Information (step 602), and data (step 604) is taken out from the memory area specified with described address.Meanwhile the ginseng
Middle field (the step 603) of the data sequence is received with person.The middle field can include one or more null bytes
(i.e. dummy bytes), the null byte do not have other than postponing the reception (step 605) of the data field after the header
Other purposes.Therefore, when the write-access of the data field to the data sequence is possible, participant has completed step
604 (obtaining input data) so that the input data is then actually also available for it.Receiving the data field
(step 605) and after obtaining the data (step 604), the data field (step is written in the data by participant
606)。
As the replacement for filling the middle field with null byte, the middle field can be used for sending this type
Payload and other status informations, such payload substantially always by participant provide or
Write-in datagram is read in participant before reaching, for example, interrupting.Such data are read in into the centre
Field will not destroy the purpose for extending the time for addressing the first data byte, not over described because of status information thus
Location field and selected, but for good and all or in advance appropriate held by participant.Similar to broadcast message, in the middle field
Extra byte can also be used for addressing data distribution to participant.
In the embodiment summarized in the figure 7, each (or at least one) ginseng in multiple participants of the network
There is first memory device 710 (such as first register) with person, wherein having recorded the minimum length of middle field.It is described most
Small length, which may be selected so that, allows the minimum transfer time in related participant.Minimum length may depend on related participant
Implementation.Each (or at least one) participant in multiple participants also has second memory device 720 (such as second
Register), wherein the physical length of middle field can be recorded.In operation, each participant's root in multiple participants
According to the physical length of the middle field recorded in second memory device the time is transferred to adjust it.It is specific according to one
Embodiment, at each occurrence, first participant 14 select other participants (person of such as participating in 16 and 18) (referring to Fig. 1)
Maximum value in the minimum length shown is as middle field length to be used and records corresponding second storage of participant 12
Selected middle field length in device device 720.
In this application program, it is assumed that the bit length of datagram is in the datagram by not having when the data path
Change.Additional technical measures will be needed in the bit length for adapting to datagram by period.Therefore each datagram has
Fixed bit length.However, this be not precluded different data report in the message with different bit lengths or with
The possibility of datagram in the subsequent message different from the bit length of the respective datagram in more early message.
Data cell is the limit bit sequence for having regular length.For example, data cell can be bit, byte (8 ratios
It is special), 16 bits, 32 bits or 64 bits.Multiple data cells regular length having the same at each occurrence.
The transfer time by the participant be the input of the participant receive bit in the participation
The period between same bits is exported at the output of person.This means that the transfer time for passing through the participant is from the ginseng
With the transfer time of the bit for being input to output of person.
The transmitting continuous time of the datagram be the datagram in order to by needed for set point on data path when
Between.If the datagram is made of (that is, if its bit length is N) N number of bit, the datagram it is transmitting continuous when
Between be N*BR, wherein BR is bit rate.The bit rate is the bit number of per time unit's transmission.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of method for operating communication network has following measures：
Clock data sequence is transmitted to second participant (16) from the first participant (14) of the communication network, wherein described
One data cell of data sequence is transmitted in per clock cycle, and the wherein described data sequence includes as write-in data
The datagram (400) of report, the datagram (400) include header (420), the middle field (430) after the header, with
And the data field (440) after the intermediate header, wherein the header, the middle field and the data word
Section has one or more data cells at each occurrence；
The second participant reads the header；
Within the response time of the second participant, by the second participant according to the content-defined input number of the header
According to；And
When the data sequence is by the second participant, the input data is recorded in institute by the second participant
It states in datagram,
The response of the length of the wherein described middle field and the clock frequency of the data sequence and the second participant
Time match.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, the input and output of the wherein described second participant are via shift register
And interconnect, the shift register is clocked with the clock frequency and by the data sequence, wherein the displacement is posted
The length of the length of storage and the middle field matches each other.
3. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein the middle field includes at least one empty element.
4. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein the middle field includes to be read by the participant
At least one data cell not addressed.
5. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein in advance or permanent appropriate being held by the participant
At least one data cell reads in the middle field by the participant.
6. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein the data sequence includes multiple write-in datagrams,
Each write-in datagram in wherein the multiple write-in datagram includes at each occurrence header, after the header
Data field after middle field and the middle field, wherein the length of the middle field is in every case
The lower clock frequency with the data sequence and response time at least one of participant participant
Match.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, the length of the wherein described middle field is in said write datagram
Each be identical.
8. the method described according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the length of the middle field has with the communication network
There is the response time of the participant of longest response time to match.
9. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein the length of the middle field and it is described when
Clock frequency matches each other.
10. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein the second participant is based on the middle field
The length and the clock frequency come set its transfer the time [duration of=mono- bit].
11. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein the second participant is to the first participant
Show the response time of the second participant.
12. according to any method of the preceding claims, wherein the first participant is to the second participant
Show the length of the middle field.
13. a kind of communication network is configured as carrying out method according to any one of claim 1 to 12, wherein described
Communication network is field bus system.
14. communication network according to claim 13, wherein the communication network is EtherCAT network.
15. a kind of controller (14) for the first participant being used as in the communication network with multiple participants, is configured as：
Clock data sequence is generated, wherein a data cell of the data sequence generates in per clock cycle, wherein institute
It includes write-in datagram to state data sequence, and said write datagram includes header, the middle field after the header and described
Data field after middle field, wherein the header, the middle field and the data field are at each occurrence
Including one or more data cells, and
The clock data sequence is forwarded to the second participant of the communication network in output end by exporting,
The length of the wherein described middle field can be with the clock frequency of the data sequence and the response of the second participant
Time match.
16. it is a kind of be used as with multiple participants communication network in second participant data processing equipment (16), by with
It is set to：
Clock data sequence is received, wherein a data cell of the data sequence is received in per clock cycle, wherein
The data sequence includes write-in datagram, and said write datagram includes the middle field after header, the header, Yi Jisuo
The data field after middle field is stated, wherein the header, the middle field and the data field are in every case
Lower includes one or more data cells, wherein the clock frequency of the length of the middle field and the data sequence and described
The response time of second participant matches, and
The header is read during said write datagram passes through and within the response time according to the content of the header
It defines input data and the input data is written to the data field of the datagram.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015120242.5A DE102015120242B3 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2015-11-23 | Method for operating a communication network, communication network, control device and data processing device |
| DE102015120242.5 | 2015-11-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2016/078403 WO2017089336A1 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2016-11-22 | Method for operating a communication network, communication network, controller, and data processing device |
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| CN108476206A true CN108476206A (en) | 2018-08-31 |
| CN108476206B CN108476206B (en) | 2021-09-14 |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US10484520B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3378212B8 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108476206B (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2017089336A1 (en) |
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| CN111937353A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-11-13 | 倍福自动化有限公司 | Method for operating network participant and network participant |
| CN114365455A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2022-04-15 | 倍福自动化有限公司 | Method for processing telegrams in an automation network, master user and slave users |
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| DE102016125128B3 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-03-29 | Beckhoff Automation Gmbh | Data transmission method, communication network and master subscriber |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108476206B (en) | 2021-09-14 |
| US20180270336A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
| EP3378212B8 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
| DE102015120242B3 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
| EP3378212A1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
| EP3378212B1 (en) | 2019-03-27 |
| WO2017089336A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
| US10484520B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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