CN108473914A - 可生物降解的洗涤剂组分 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/381—Microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0094—Process for making liquid detergent compositions, e.g. slurries, pastes or gels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2065—Polyhydric alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/382—Vegetable products, e.g. soya meal, wood flour, sawdust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，可含有活细胞或酶，作为化学洗涤剂的替代品。所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分包含：生物活性剂、多元醇、生物聚合物、有机酸、小链肽、精油和稳定剂。所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的pH值约小于3.60，可滴定酸度(％)约为9.0‑12.0，HLB值约为14至约16.5，E24值约为73至约79。所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的MALDI‑TOF质谱质荷比范围约为513.1至约2847.7，峰值质量范围约为1375.8m/z至约2009.2m/z。此外，本发明涉及一种制造所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种洗涤剂组分，尤其是涉及一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，可含有活细胞或酶，作为化学洗涤剂的替代品。此外，本发明涉及一种制造所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法。
背景技术
家用和商用的大多数洗涤操作均需使用化学洗涤剂。洗涤水最终会释放到大型水体中。众所周知，化学清洁剂会增加水的化学需氧量(COD)，导致溶解氧的消耗，并对水生生物产生危害。
先前，人们已制备了一些制剂，其中的益生菌可增强洗涤剂或洗涤功能，但无法替代化学洗涤剂。
因此，需要一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，可含有活细胞或酶，作为化学洗涤剂的替代品。
发明目的
本发明的各实施例可克服传统现有技术中的一个或多个问题/限制。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，可含有活细胞或酶，作为化学洗涤剂的替代品。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种不含磷酸盐、无毒、由益生菌生物制成的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，pH值约小于3.60，可滴定酸度(％)约为9.0-12.0，HLB值约为14至16.5，E24值约为73至约79。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，MALDI-TOF质谱的质荷比范围约为513.1至约2847.7，峰值质量范围约为1375.8m/z至约2009.2m/z。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种制造所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法。
发明内容
因此，根据本发明的基本方面，本发明提供了一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，包含：
生物活性剂；
多元醇；
生物聚合物；
有机酸；
小链肽；
精油；和
稳定剂；
其中可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的pH值约小于3.60，可滴定酸度(％)约为9.0至约12.0，HLB值约为14至约16.5，E24值约为73至约79。
本发明的另一方面，其中可生物降解的洗涤剂组分在MALDI-TOF质谱的质荷比范围约为513.1至约2847.7，峰值质量范围约为1375.8m/z至约2009.2m/z。
本发明的另一方面涉及提供一种制造所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法，包括：
通过培养基发酵至少一种起始培养益生菌生物体，所述培养基是作为碳源的能源；
向培养基中添加乳化剂或去污剂，作为发酵增强剂或添加剂；
pH值达到4.0时，向培养基中加入天然植物油，以获得发酵产物；
将精油单独或与乳化剂或洗涤剂一起，与发酵产物混合；
单独或与发酵产品一起，加入稳定剂：
其中继续发酵直至期望的pH值、可滴定酸度、HLB值和E24值；
乳化剂或去污剂的添加量约为0.05至约0.15％；
天然植物油的添加量约为培养液总体积的0.05至约5％；
稳定剂的添加浓度约为0.5至约3.0％，以便使洗涤剂组分稳定，延长保质期。
本发明涉及含有的组分以及使用微生物的方法。具体而言，本发明涉及含有至少3种微生物的组分。至少一种微生物是利用硫化物的微生物。其他微生物包括乳酸、益生菌和光养微生物，及其混合物。微生物可为细菌、酵母、真菌或霉菌物种，或其混合物。
本发明的另一方面，其中益生菌有机体包括乳酸、益生菌、光养和利用硫化物的微生物物种中的至少一种微生物。另一实施例中，所包括的利用硫化物的微生物是紫色非硫细菌物种。益生菌有机体的示例包括双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、乳球菌、芽孢杆菌、酵母属、红假单胞菌，及其组合。
本发明的组分可包括发酵增强剂或添加剂。此类增强剂或添加剂有助于微生物的生长、诱导微生物产生特定的代谢物、增强组分的稳定性，并使本发明的组分具有其他属性。合适的添加剂包括碳源、酸和本领域中已知的其他添加剂，有助于生长、诱导特定代谢物的产生，或使组分稳定。此类增强剂或添加剂的示例包括果汁、未精制的蔗糖、甜菜糖、糖蜜或天然糖源、乳化剂或洗涤剂、单独或与其他物质组合的天然植物油。
本发明的另一方面，其中精油与发酵产品的混合量约为发酵液总体积的0.05至约5％。
本发明的另一方面，其中精油包括薰衣草油、柠檬油、柠檬草油，或其组合。
本发明的另一方面，其中发酵在约17℃至约45℃的环境温度下进行14至42天。
本发明的另一目的是使本发明的组分完全不含磷酸、无毒、可含有活微生物、完全可生物降解，因此是一种用于洗涤的绿色技术。
附图说明：
图1：是根据本发明的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的MALDI-TOF曲线。
图2：是根据本发明的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的MALDI-TOF曲线。
图3：是根据本发明的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的MALDI-TOF曲线。
图4：是根据本发明的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的MALDI-TOF曲线。
图5：是根据本发明的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的MALDI-TOF曲线。
具体实施方式和附图标记
本发明涉及一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，可含有活细胞或酶，作为化学洗涤剂的替代品。此外，本发明涉及一种制造所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法。
所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分包含：生物活性剂；多元醇；生物聚合物；有机酸；小链肽；和精油。所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的pH值约小于3.60，可滴定酸度(％)约为9.0-12.0，HLB值约为14至约16.5，E24值约为73至约79。
一种制造可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法包括以下步骤：通过培养基发酵至少一种起始培养益生菌生物体，所述培养基含有能源、发酵增强剂和添加剂；向培养基中添加乳化剂或去污剂，作为发酵增强剂或添加剂，所述乳化剂或去污剂的添加量约为0.05至约0.15％；pH值达到4.0时，向培养基中加入天然植物油，以获得发酵产物，天然植物油的添加量约为培养液总体积的0.05至约5％；将精油单独或与乳化剂或洗涤剂一起，与发酵产物混合，精油的添加量约为培养液总体积的0.05至约5％；继续发酵直至期望的pH值、可滴定酸度、HLB值和E24值；单独或与发酵产品一起，加入稳定剂，所述稳定剂的添加浓度约为0.5至约3.0％，以便使洗涤剂组分稳定，延长保质期。
发酵在约17℃至约45℃的环境温度下进行14至42天。在环境温度下进行发酵，无需加热或冷却，可保持恒定温度，使制造过程环保。总体而言，与类似应用中使用的洗涤剂所采用的传统制造工艺相比，整个制造工艺可减少碳排放量。
益生菌有机体包括乳酸、益生菌、光养和利用硫化物的微生物物种中的至少一种微生物。另一实施例中，所包括的利用硫化物的微生物是紫色非硫细菌物种，示例包括双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、乳球菌、芽孢杆菌、酵母属、红假单胞菌，及其组合。
能源、发酵增强剂或添加剂包括果汁、未精制的甘蔗糖、甜菜糖、糖蜜或天然糖源、乳化剂或清洁剂、天然植物油和精油(例如，薰衣草油、柠檬油和柠檬草油)。
本文中的组分还包含可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，基本上不含任何化学洗涤剂。换言之，可替代传统的化学洗涤剂。
本文还设想了一种使用所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法，非常类似于目前施用液体化学洗涤剂组分的方法(例如，手动或通过洗衣机的分配程序，或目前消费者或商业环境中所施用的手洗方法)。可生物降解的洗涤剂组分可用于所有洗涤、清洁和/或纺织品护理方法(包括浸泡方法、预处理方法等)。例如，方法涉及使纺织品或织物与可生物降解的洗涤剂组分接触一段有效时间，以去除污垢/碎屑、污垢、污渍、油、油脂，通常用于清洁纺织品。具体而言，可将有效量的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分(可选在水中)分配到包含待清洁纺织品或织物的洗涤容器中。示例性洗涤容器包括商用或家用洗衣机，以及手洗洗涤桶。
说明：
试验结果
1.MALDI-TOF质谱的分析
本研究使用两种基质辅助激光解吸/电离(MALDI)基质：α-氰基-4-羟基肉桂酸(CHCA)和芥子酸(SA)。两种基质均在含有0.3％三氟乙酸的乙腈/水(50/50)中，制备成约10mg/mL。将样品在CHCA基质中稀释1/20，并将0.5μL的各稀释样品滴在不锈钢MALDI板上。使用分子量截止旋转过滤器，去除小于3,000Da或小于10,000Da的样品组分，样品负载量为100μL。将浓缩的高分子量样品(10μL)以1/30稀释，并将0.5μL的各稀释样品滴在不锈钢MALDI板上。
使用霍尼韦尔(Voyager DE STR)基质辅助激光解吸/电离-飞行时间(MALDI-TOF)质谱系统，分析发酵产物的指纹表征。一式三份，用于实施例的分析。在以下范围内，以正模式进行五种分析：50-1,000、500-5,000、3,000-12,000、10,000-80,000和10,000-150,000m/z。以负模式，针对每个质量范围，筛选可生物降解的洗涤剂组分。使用商业质量标准溶液或牛血清白蛋白，校准样品光谱。针对每个质荷比范围，分析质量标准并进行内部校准。用相邻的质量标准，对样品光谱进行外部校准。MALDI曲线见图1-5。
如图1、2、3、4和5所示，可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的MALDI-TOF质谱范围约为513.1至约2847.7m/z，峰值质量范围约为1375.8m/z约为2009.2m/z(见图1-5)。
2.HLB值的测定
亲水-亲脂平衡(HLB)值是将1.5ml的乳化剂以司盘80(HLB＝4)的不同比例，混合到单独试管中的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分中而得到(如表1所示)。向所有试管中加入27ml蒸馏水，以获得溶液。向所述溶液中加入HLB值为6的1.5ml油，并振荡20秒。将所述试管孵育24小时，并使用下式计算未知样品的HLB值：
司盘80百分比(％)×4(司盘80的HLB)+产品的百分比(％)×产品HLB＝6
产品HLB＝(6-司盘百分比80(％)×4/产品百分比(％))
表-1
假设稳定的乳液为84％:16％，使用公式计算HLB值
84％*4+16％*产品HLB＝6
产品HLB＝6-(84/100*4)/16/100
产品HLB＝16.5
3.乳化分析(E24)
取含有4ml样品和4ml汽油的一系列试管，以获得溶液。将溶液涡旋2分钟，并静置24小时。E24为乳化层高度(mm)除以液柱总高度(mm)的百分比。向对照管中加入3.5ml水，0.5ml的TritonX100和4ml汽油。
计算对照和测试的平均值，由此计算E24值。
说明：
如果平均值为67.27，样品值为56.36
乳化测定(E24)＝100/67.27*56.36＝83.7
4.可滴定酸度的测定
可滴定酸度为给定溶液中的总有机酸含量。将待测试的样品适当地用去离子水稀释至1:100的比例(50ml去离子水中含有0.5ml样品)。向稀释的样品中加入20μl(2-3滴)1％酚酞指示剂并混合，以获得溶液。用0.1N氢氧化钠(NaOH)滴定所述溶液，直至获得淡粉红色。应注意NaOH的消耗量，并将其用于下列计算。
总可滴定酸度-
NaOH的ml量→xml
NaOH的当量浓度→0.1N
滴定总量→50ml
稀释因子→10-2
相对于乳酸的可滴定酸度＝TA总量*0.009
90为乳酸的分子量。
上述实施例说明性地表示了可生物降解的洗涤剂组分在本发明范围内的有效性。本发明可在不脱离精神或基本特征的情况下，以其他具体形式实施。所述实施例在所有方面仅视为说明性，不具有非限制性。
Claims (12)
1.一种可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，包含：
生物活性剂；
多元醇；
生物聚合物；
有机酸；
小链肽；
精油；和
稳定剂；
其中可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的pH值约小于3.60，可滴定酸度(％)约为9.0-12.0，HLB值约为14至约16.5，E24值约为73至约79。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分，MALDI-TOF质谱质荷比范围约为513.1至约2847.7，峰值质量范围约为1375.8m/z至约2009.2m/z。
3.一种制造权利要求1所述可生物降解的洗涤剂组分的方法，包括步骤：
通过培养基发酵至少一种起始培养益生菌生物体，所述培养基为能源、发酵增强剂和添加剂；
向培养基中添加乳化剂或去污剂，作为发酵增强剂或添加剂；
pH值达到4.0时，向培养基中加入天然植物油，以获得发酵产物；
将精油单独或与乳化剂或洗涤剂一起，与发酵产物混合；
单独或与发酵产品一起，加入稳定剂：
其中继续发酵直至期望的pH值、可滴定酸度、HLB值和E24值；
乳化剂或去污剂的添加量约为0.05至约0.15％；
天然植物油的添加量约为培养液总体积的0.05至约5％；
稳定剂的添加浓度约为0.5至约3.0％。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中益生菌有机体包括乳酸、益生菌、光养和利用硫化物的微生物物种中的至少一种微生物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中利用硫化物的微生物是紫色非硫细菌物种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中紫色非硫细菌物种是双歧杆菌属、乳酸杆菌属、乳球菌属、芽孢杆菌属、酵母属、红假单胞菌属，或其组合。
7.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中能源、增强剂或添加剂包括果汁、未精制的蔗糖、甜菜糖、糖蜜或天然糖源、乳化剂或洗涤剂、单独或与其他物质组合的天然植物油。
8.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中精油与发酵产品的混合量约为发酵液总体积的0.05至约5％。
9.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中精油包括薰衣草油、柠檬油、柠檬草油，或其组合。
10.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中发酵在约17℃至约45℃的环境温度下进行14至42天。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述洗涤剂可含有活微生物和酶。
12.一种洗涤纺织品的方法，包括使纺织品与有效量的根据权利要求1或2所述的可生物降解的洗涤剂组分接触。
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