CN108467275A - 一种自润滑陶瓷轴承 - Google Patents

一种自润滑陶瓷轴承 Download PDF

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CN108467275A
CN108467275A CN201810213263.9A CN201810213263A CN108467275A CN 108467275 A CN108467275 A CN 108467275A CN 201810213263 A CN201810213263 A CN 201810213263A CN 108467275 A CN108467275 A CN 108467275A
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ceramic bearing
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种自润滑陶瓷轴承，该自润滑陶瓷轴承由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆、氮化硼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、碳化铬、铁锂云母、石墨纤维、三氧化二镓、纤维素醚、碘化亚铕、氧化锶、铝氟酸钠、硼酸铝晶须氟化铌、组合油；所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油组成。本发明制备的自润滑陶瓷轴承的综合性能良好，断裂韧性达到10.1MPa·m1/2以上，径向压溃强度达到315MPa以上，硬度高达52HB以上，符合实际应用需求。本发明的制备工艺简单，满足工业化生产需要。

Description

一种自润滑陶瓷轴承
本申请是申请号为2016102164715，申请日为2016年04月08日，发明创造名称为“一种自润滑陶瓷轴承及其制备方法”的专利的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明属于轴承材料技术领域，具体涉及一种自润滑陶瓷轴承及其制备方法。
背景技术
轴承是机械设备中一种重要零部件，它的主要功能是支撑机械旋转体，降低其运动过程中的摩擦系数，并保证其回转精度。根据轴承的工作原理可分为滚动轴承和滑动轴承。轴承的润滑方式一般为自润滑或者添加润滑剂润滑两种方式。其中自润滑轴承具有噪声小、成本低、且使用方便不用补充润滑油剂特点，尤其适合一些不能和不易添加润滑剂等领域。现有的自润滑轴承大多为浸渍润滑剂，所增加的浸渍润滑剂的粘结度较小，在一定程度上影响着自润滑轴承材料内部组织结构，对自润滑轴承的硬度、韧性、承载能力均有一定影响。
发明内容
本发明所要解决现有技术问题的至少一种，提供一种自润滑陶瓷轴承及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明公开了一种自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆60-68份、氮化硼27-38份、硅藻土12-17份、粉煤灰7-16份、碳化铬10-15份、铁锂云母5.7-8.6份、石墨纤维2.5-6.4份、三氧化二镓8.6-11份、纤维素醚2.4-7份、碘化亚铕3.2-7.4份、氧化锶1.8-3.5份、铝氟酸钠7-15份、硼酸铝晶须2-9份、氟化铌1.2-1.9份、组合油150-200份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
优选的，所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆65份、氮化硼29份、硅藻土16份、粉煤灰10.6份、碳化铬13.2份、铁锂云母6.4份、石墨纤维4.7份、三氧化二镓10.2份、纤维素醚5.6份、碘化亚铕4.2份、氧化锶2.3份、铝氟酸钠9份、硼酸铝晶须5份、氟化铌1.6份、组合油185份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
优选的，所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆62份、氮化硼32份、硅藻土15份、粉煤灰13份、碳化铬12.4份、铁锂云母7.1份、石墨纤维5.2份、三氧化二镓9.3份、纤维素醚5.1份、碘化亚铕6.7份、氧化锶2.2份、铝氟酸钠11.5份、硼酸铝晶须7.2份、氟化铌1.4份、组合油192份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
本发明还提供一种上述自润滑陶瓷轴承的制备方法，所述制备步骤如下：
(1)将上述粉料按所述重量份配比称重，然后置于混料机中混合1-3h，混合均匀后备用；
(2)将上述混合均匀的粉料置于模具中，在200-800MPa压力下压制成型，得到密度为5.6-7.3g/cm3的坯体；
(3)将上述坯体置于烧结炉中在保护气氛下烧结，其烧结制度为：先在450-680℃下预烧1-3h，再进入1480-1650℃下进行高温烧结1-3h，最后置于冷却区域中以10-20℃/min的冷却速度冷却至室温，即得所述烧结体；
(4)对上述烧结体置于组合油中进行真空浸油处理后即得所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，其浸油处理条件为：真空度-0.04-0.1MPa，油温70-130℃，浸油时间5-24h。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中的压制的坯体的密度为6.4g/cm3。
所述步骤(3)中烧结制度为：先在520℃下预烧2.5h，再进入1510℃下进行高温烧结1.5h，最后置于冷却区域中以13℃/min的冷却速度冷却至室温，即得所述烧结体。
所述步骤(4)中的浸油处理条件为：真空度-0.06MPa，油温96℃，浸油时间12h。
由于采用了以上技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果：
本发明制备的自润滑陶瓷轴承的综合性能良好，断裂韧性达到10.1MPa·m1/2以上，径向压溃强度达到315MPa以上，硬度高达52HB以上，符合实际应用需求。根据测试结果说明，铁锂云母、纤维素醚和碘化亚铕，以及氧化锶、硼酸铝晶须和组合油组分分别发挥了协同作用，可进一步改善自润滑陶瓷轴承的综合性能。本发明的制备工艺简单，满足工业化生产需要。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆60份、氮化硼27份、硅藻土12份、粉煤灰7份、碳化铬10份、铁锂云母5.7份、石墨纤维2.5份、三氧化二镓8.6份、纤维素醚2.4份、碘化亚铕3.2份、氧化锶1.8份、铝氟酸钠7份、硼酸铝晶须2份、氟化铌1.2份、组合油150份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的制备方法，所述制备步骤如下：
(1)将上述粉料按所述重量份配比称重，然后置于混料机中混合1h，混合均匀后备用；
(2)将上述混合均匀的粉料置于模具中，在200MPa压力下压制成型，得到密度为5.6g/cm3的坯体；
(3)将上述坯体置于烧结炉中在保护气氛下烧结，其烧结制度为：先在450℃下预烧1h，再进入1480℃下进行高温烧结1h，最后置于冷却区域中以10℃/min的冷却速度冷却至室温，即得所述烧结体；
(4)对上述烧结体置于组合油中进行真空浸油处理后即得所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，其浸油处理条件为：真空度-0.04MPa，油温70℃，浸油时间5h。
实施例2
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆60-68份、氮化硼38份、硅藻土17份、粉煤灰16份、碳化铬15份、铁锂云母8.6份、石墨纤维6.4份、三氧化二镓11份、纤维素醚7份、碘化亚铕7.4份、氧化锶3.5份、铝氟酸钠15份、硼酸铝晶须9份、氟化铌1.9份、组合油200份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的制备方法，所述制备步骤如下：
(1)将上述粉料按所述重量份配比称重，然后置于混料机中混合3h，混合均匀后备用；
(2)将上述混合均匀的粉料置于模具中，在800MPa压力下压制成型，得到密度为7.3g/cm3的坯体；
(3)将上述坯体置于烧结炉中在保护气氛下烧结，其烧结制度为：先在680℃下预烧3h，再进入1650℃下进行高温烧结3h，最后置于冷却区域中以20℃/min的冷却速度冷却至室温，即得所述烧结体；
(4)对上述烧结体置于组合油中进行真空浸油处理后即得所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，其浸油处理条件为：真空度0.1MPa，油温130℃，浸油时间24h。
实施例3
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆64份、氮化硼32份、硅藻土15份、粉煤灰11份、碳化铬12份、铁锂云母7.2份、石墨纤维4.5份、三氧化二镓9.8份、纤维素醚4.7份、碘化亚铕5.3份、氧化锶2.6份、铝氟酸钠11份、硼酸铝晶须5.5份、氟化铌1.6份、组合油175份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的制备方法，所述制备步骤如下：
(1)将上述粉料按所述重量份配比称重，然后置于混料机中混合2h，混合均匀后备用；
(2)将上述混合均匀的粉料置于模具中，在500MPa压力下压制成型，得到密度为6.5g/cm3的坯体；
(3)将上述坯体置于烧结炉中在保护气氛下烧结，其烧结制度为：先在565℃下预烧2h，再进入1550℃下进行高温烧结2h，最后置于冷却区域中以15℃/min的冷却速度冷却至室温，即得所述烧结体；
(4)对上述烧结体置于组合油中进行真空浸油处理后即得所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，其浸油处理条件为：真空度0.03MPa，油温100℃，浸油时间15h。
实施例4
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆65份、氮化硼29份、硅藻土16份、粉煤灰10.6份、碳化铬13.2份、铁锂云母6.4份、石墨纤维4.7份、三氧化二镓10.2份、纤维素醚5.6份、碘化亚铕4.2份、氧化锶2.3份、铝氟酸钠9份、硼酸铝晶须5份、氟化铌1.6份、组合油185份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的制备方法，所述制备步骤如下：
(1)将上述粉料按所述重量份配比称重，然后置于混料机中混合3h，混合均匀后备用；
(2)将上述混合均匀的粉料置于模具中，在550MPa压力下压制成型，得到密度为6.4g/cm3的坯体；
(3)将上述坯体置于烧结炉中在保护气氛下烧结，其烧结制度为：先在520℃下预烧2.5h，再进入1510℃下进行高温烧结1.5h，最后置于冷却区域中以13℃/min的冷却速度冷却至室温，即得所述烧结体；
(4)对上述烧结体置于组合油中进行真空浸油处理后即得所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，其浸油处理条件为：真空度-0.06MPa，油温96℃，浸油时间12h。
实施例5
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，由如下重量份数的组分制备而得：氧化锆60-68份、氮化硼27-38份、硅藻土12-17份、粉煤灰7-16份、碳化铬10-15份、铁锂云母5.7-8.6份、石墨纤维2.5-6.4份、三氧化二镓8.6-11份、纤维素醚2.4-7份、碘化亚铕3.2-7.4份、氧化锶1.8-3.5份、铝氟酸钠7-15份、硼酸铝晶须2-9份、氟化铌1.2-1.9份、组合油150-200份；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
本实施例所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的制备方法，所述制备步骤如下：
(1)将上述粉料按所述重量份配比称重，然后置于混料机中混合3h，混合均匀后备用；
(2)将上述混合均匀的粉料置于模具中，在550MPa压力下压制成型，得到密度为6.4g/cm3的坯体；
(3)将上述坯体置于烧结炉中在保护气氛下烧结，其烧结制度为：先在520℃下预烧2.5h，再进入1510℃下进行高温烧结1.5h，最后置于冷却区域中以13℃/min的冷却速度冷却至室温，即得所述烧结体；
(4)对上述烧结体置于组合油中进行真空浸油处理后即得所述自润滑陶瓷轴承，其浸油处理条件为：真空度-0.06MPa，油温96℃，浸油时间12h。
对比例1
与实施例1的不同之处在于：本对比例不含铁锂云母、纤维素醚和碘化亚铕。
对比例2
与实施例1的不同之处在于：本对比例不含氧化锶和硼酸铝晶须，所述组合油仅包括润滑油单组分。
性能测试
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (4)

1.一种自润滑陶瓷轴承，其特征在于，由如下组分制备而得：氧化锆、氮化硼、硅藻土、粉煤灰、碳化铬、铁锂云母、石墨纤维、三氧化二镓、纤维素醚、碘化亚铕、氧化锶、铝氟酸钠、硼酸铝晶须、氟化铌、组合油；
所述组合油由柴油、蓖麻油和润滑油按重量比为3:2:2组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自润滑陶瓷轴承，其特征在于，所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的各个组分的重量份数分别为：氧化锆60-68份、氮化硼27-38份、硅藻土12-17份、粉煤灰7-16份、碳化铬10-15份、铁锂云母5.7-8.6份、石墨纤维2.5-6.4份、三氧化二镓8.6-11份、纤维素醚2.4-7份、碘化亚铕3.2-7.4份、氧化锶1.8-3.5份、铝氟酸钠7-15份、硼酸铝晶须2-9份、氟化铌1.2-1.9份、组合油150-200份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的自润滑陶瓷轴承，其特征在于，所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的各个组分的重量份数分别为：氧化锆65份、氮化硼29份、硅藻土16份、粉煤灰10.6份、碳化铬13.2份、铁锂云母6.4份、石墨纤维4.7份、三氧化二镓10.2份、纤维素醚5.6份、碘化亚铕4.2份、氧化锶2.3份、铝氟酸钠9份、硼酸铝晶须5份、氟化铌1.6份、组合油185份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的自润滑陶瓷轴承，其特征在于，所述自润滑陶瓷轴承的各个组分的重量份数分别为：氧化锆62份、氮化硼32份、硅藻土15份、粉煤灰13份、碳化铬12.4份、铁锂云母7.1份、石墨纤维5.2份、三氧化二镓9.3份、纤维素醚5.1份、碘化亚铕6.7份、氧化锶2.2份、铝氟酸钠11.5份、硼酸铝晶须7.2份、氟化铌1.4份、组合油192份。
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Application publication date: 20180831