CN108464216B - Method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump - Google Patents
Method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump Download PDFInfo
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- CN108464216B CN108464216B CN201810257749.2A CN201810257749A CN108464216B CN 108464216 B CN108464216 B CN 108464216B CN 201810257749 A CN201810257749 A CN 201810257749A CN 108464216 B CN108464216 B CN 108464216B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/06—Uprooting or pulling up trees; Extracting or eliminating stumps
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Abstract
A method for promoting decay of a moso bamboo stump comprises the following steps: (1) after bamboo cutting, firstly, a bamboo cutting basket node partition is cut through from the interior of the bamboo cutting basket, and then the bamboo cutting basket stalk partition is broken along the bending direction of the stalk at the lower part of the bamboo cutting basket; (2) adding smashed decomposed mao bamboo stump scraps and soil into a mao bamboo stump cavity broken through the mao bamboo stump node and the stalk handle; (3) applying inorganic fertilizer around Mao bamboo stump in furrow. The method is operated according to the invention, after 2-3 years, the moso bamboo stump can achieve the rotting effect of 6-8 years in a natural state, and the traditional method for promoting rotting through the inner wall of the moso bamboo stump needs at least 4-5 years, so that the method greatly shortens the rotting time of the moso bamboo stump and improves the rotting promoting effect; the method of the invention does not need to use a large amount of energy consumption for cutting the bamboo wall, improves the working efficiency, and is simple, rapid and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump.
Background
The part of the lower part of the moso bamboo stalk growing in the soil comprises a stalk base, a stalk handle (also called as a screw) and a bamboo root, which are jointly called as a bamboo root. It takes 10 years or more to decay in the natural state after the moso bamboo is harvested. More than 10% of the area of the intensive management bamboo forest is occupied by the bamboo roots. The remained bamboo roots after cutting which are not decomposed can not only obstruct the penetrating growth of bamboo rhizome, but also occupy the growth space of other plants, and is not beneficial to the growth of other new-born plants and the renewal of bamboo forest. After the moso bamboo is felled, the underground bamboo rhizome can still provide water and nutrient supply for the bamboo roots through the culm, the bamboo roots can still maintain physiological activity for many years, and the bamboo roots with the physiological activity form a plurality of defense lines by internal fillers, cells and secretions thereof so as to prevent invasion of foreign microorganisms, so that the decomposition speed of the bamboo roots is low. And the microorganism has higher invasion speed to the bamboo roots longitudinally along the vascular bundle and lower invasion speed transversely. Therefore, in a natural state, the same bamboo root has different degrees of decomposition at different parts. At present, the bamboo roots cleaning method mainly comprises an artificial excavation method, a splitting decomposition method, an explosion method, a mechanical treatment method, a chemical corrosion method, a biological corrosion promotion method and the like, the purpose of promoting the corrosion of the bamboo roots is achieved by destroying the inner walls of the bamboo roots or promoting the decomposition of the inner walls, and the problems of cutting off the nutrient supply of the bamboo roots and promoting the physiological death of the bamboo roots are ignored or not solved.
CN106416929A discloses a method for removing bamboo stumps in a dendrocalamus latiflorus garden, which comprises removing the germinating branches of dendrocalamus latiflorus roots, destroying the bamboo roots, burning the bamboo roots with chemical fertilizers, and cultivating saprophytic bacteria to promote the decomposition of the bamboo roots. However, this method is only suitable for removing sympodial bamboo roots, and the efficiency of removing bamboo roots is low for scattered bamboos, particularly for bamboo species such as moso bamboos which are hard in material and whose bamboo roots are deeply buried in soil.
Therefore, it is desired to find a method capable of accelerating the loss of physiological activity and rapid decay of the bamboo stump.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for promoting the decomposition of the bamboo stump from the aspect of accelerating the physiological activity loss of the bamboo stump, which is simple, rapid and low in cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for promoting decay of a moso bamboo stump comprises the following steps:
(1) after bamboo cutting, firstly, a bamboo cutting basket node partition is cut through from the interior of the bamboo cutting basket, and then the bamboo cutting basket stalk partition is broken along the bending direction of the stalk at the lower part of the bamboo cutting basket;
(2) adding smashed decomposed mao bamboo stump scraps and soil into a mao bamboo stump cavity broken through the mao bamboo stump node and the stalk handle;
(3) applying inorganic fertilizer around Mao bamboo stump in furrow.
In the step (1), the moso bamboo stump stalk handle is broken, the connection between the moso bamboo stump stalk handle and the bamboo rhizome is broken, and therefore the nutrient source of the moso bamboo stump is cut off; in the step (2), the broken mao bamboo stump stalk stalks have wounds, microorganisms are easy to invade, the structure and the quantity of microbial flora can be adjusted by adding the crushed decomposed mao bamboo stumps, the growth, the propagation and the invasion capacity of the microorganisms are increased, and the invasion of the microorganisms to the mao bamboo stump stalk wound is accelerated; by utilizing the water retention capacity of the added soil, the reduction of the water retention capacity in the bamboo stump caused by the wound of the bamboo stump stalk is avoided, and the microbial growth environment in the bamboo stump is improved; in the step (3), inorganic fertilizer is applied in the ditch, so that inorganic nutrients in the bamboo root zone can be increased, the root biomass and the root metabolism rate are further increased, the respiration of the bamboo root is accelerated, the consumption of organic nutrients in the bamboo stump is finally promoted, the physiological activity of the bamboo stump is lost, and the bottleneck of the decay of the bamboo stump is opened.
Preferably, in the step (1), the method for judging the bending direction of the lower stalk of the moso bamboo stump includes: determining according to the bending direction of the bottom of the inner cavity of the bamboo stump cutting basket, or determining according to the bending growth direction of the bamboo stalk base part during bamboo cutting, and marking.
Preferably, in the step (1), the motor or the gasoline engine is used as power, the electric drill or the gasoline engine drill is used for penetrating through the bamboo stump node and breaking the bamboo stump stalk handle. Because the bamboo partition is brittle, the bamboo partition can be broken through by tools such as steel drill rods and the like and cleaned, and then the bamboo stump stalk handle is broken by using an electric drill or a gasoline engine drill as power. When excessive bamboo scraps are generated in the moso bamboo stumps, the moso bamboo stumps need to be cleaned in time.
Preferably, the total length of a drill bit and a drill handle used by the electric drill or the gasoline engine drill is 30-50 cm, and the diameter of the drill bit is 3-5 cm. The drill bit is in the shape of a gong supporting drill bit, a three-edge conical drill bit, a woodworking drilling drill bit and the like which can realize the drilling of the moso bamboo stump. The routing drill bit is preferably a four-groove four-edge routing drill bit. If the diameter of the drill bit is too large, the drilling difficulty is increased and the working efficiency is influenced, and if the diameter of the drill bit is too small, the stalk handle cannot be completely destroyed, and the decay promoting effect of the bamboo roots is influenced.
Preferably, in the step (2), the amount of the smashed decomposed moso bamboo stump scraps is 20-50 g per moso bamboo stump. Under the condition of reducing the consumption of the decomposed bamboo stump scraps, enough saprophytic bacteria can be ensured to be introduced into the decomposed bamboo stump.
Preferably, in the step (2), the particle size of the smashed decomposed Phyllostachys pubescens stump scraps is less than or equal to 2.0 mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the decomposed mao bamboo stump is a soft bamboo stump selected from a bamboo forest, and the mao bamboo stump with the depth of more than 1cm can be stabbed by a knife along the lines of the bamboo wall with the force of less than or equal to 60N. And (3) digging out the decomposed mao bamboo roots, splitting, removing impurities, crushing, bagging and storing at 0-6 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (2), the filling amount of the soil is 20-40% of the volume of the inner cavity of the moso bamboo stump. The soil is loose and fertile surface soil, and the addition of the soil can provide proper temperature and humidity for the growth of microorganisms in the bamboo roots.
Preferably, in the step (3), an inorganic fertilizer is applied in a ditch at a radius of 20-40 cm with the moso bamboo stump as a center. The bamboo roots planted on the moso bamboo stumps are mainly distributed within 30cm of the periphery of the bamboo roots, and the moso bamboo stumps are fertilized within the radius of 20-40 cm and can be fully absorbed and utilized by the bamboo roots.
Preferably, in the step (3), the application amount of the inorganic fertilizer is 20-50 g per moso bamboo stump. The appropriate amount of inorganic fertilizer can promote the growth of root systems, increase the biomass and the activity of the root systems, promote the consumption of organic nutrients in the phyllostachys pubescens stump, and accelerate the loss of physiological activity of the phyllostachys pubescens stump.
Preferably, in the step (3), the inorganic fertilizer is one or more of monopotassium phosphate, urea or potassium chloride.
The principle of the method of the invention is as follows: the bamboo root decay is a result of synergistic effect of multiple microorganisms, and the bamboo root decay is promoted by firstly losing physiological activity of the mao bamboo stump to facilitate invasion of pioneer microorganisms, so that nutrient supply between the mao bamboo stump and the bamboo rhizome needs to be cut off firstly, and the nutrient in the mao bamboo stump is depleted by utilizing vigorous physiological activity and nutrient demand of the bamboo root, so that the physiological death of the mao bamboo stump is caused. One of the ways of invading the moso bamboo stump by microorganisms is bamboo roots, the moso bamboo stump in a natural state is an approximately closed system, the biggest way of invading the moso bamboo stump by microorganisms is the bamboo roots which are numerous, and the microorganisms can invade the bamboo roots along the bamboo roots after the bamboo roots are dead. The second approach of the microorganism invasion of the bamboo roots is stalk stems, all vascular bundles in the bamboo wall are gathered to the stalk stems with the diameter of 1-2 cm and then connected with bamboo rhizomes, and after the bamboo rhizomes decay, the microorganism can also comprehensively invade the whole mao bamboo stumps along the dense vascular bundles in the stalk stems. The third approach for microbe invasion into the bamboo stump is the wound left by bamboo stump on the ground, but when the bamboo stump maintains physiological activity, the internal filler, cells and secretion thereof form multiple defense lines and still have the capability of preventing microbe invasion. Therefore, only after the bamboo stump completely loses physiological activity, the microorganisms can gradually and comprehensively decompose the bamboo stump from the three ways.
The method has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method is operated according to the invention, after 2-3 years, the moso bamboo stump can achieve the rotting effect of 6-8 years in a natural state, and the traditional method for promoting rotting through the inner wall of the moso bamboo stump needs at least 4-5 years, which shows that the method greatly shortens the time for rotting of the moso bamboo stump and obviously improves the rotting promoting effect of the moso bamboo stump;
(2) compared with the traditional method for destroying the inner wall of the moso bamboo stump, the method does not need to use a large amount of energy consumption for cutting the bamboo wall, so that the working efficiency of mechanical treatment for promoting the rotting of the moso bamboo stump is improved, and the method is simple, rapid and low in cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method for judging the bending direction of the stalk handle at the lower part of the moso bamboo fell basket comprises the following steps: determining according to the bending direction of the bottom of the inner cavity of the bamboo stump cutting basket, or determining according to the bending growth direction of the bamboo stalk base part during bamboo cutting, and marking; the decomposed mao bamboo stump used in the embodiment of the invention is a soft bamboo wall selected from a bamboo forest, and can be stabbed into a 1cm deep mao bamboo stump by a knife along the grains of the bamboo wall with the force of 60N; digging out the decomposed mao bamboo roots, splitting, removing impurities, crushing to a particle size of less than or equal to 2mm, bagging, and storing at 0-4 ℃; the chemical reagents used in the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available in a conventional manner.
Example 1
The area implemented by the embodiment of the invention is located in the city area of Taoism of Hunan province, the area is 0.45 mu, and the number of the moso bamboo stumps is 10.
(1) After bamboo cutting, firstly, a steel chisel is used for breaking through joints and cleaning moso bamboo cutting roots, then a motor is used as power, an electric drill of a four-groove four-edge gong drill bit with the total length of a drill bit and a drill handle being 40cm and the diameter of the drill bit being about 4cm is adopted, the moso bamboo cutting roots are continuously broken along the bending direction of the lower roots of the moso bamboo cutting roots, and when excessive bamboo scraps are generated in the moso bamboo cutting roots, the moso bamboo cutting roots need to be timely cleaned out;
(2) adding 20g of smashed decomposed moso bamboo shoot scraps with the particle size of less than or equal to 2mm into each moso bamboo shoot cavity which breaks through the node separation and the stalk handle of the moso bamboo shoot, and filling loose and fertile surface soil with the volume equivalent to 30% of the volume of the moso bamboo shoot cavity;
(3) and (3) applying 30g of monopotassium phosphate in a ditch at the position with the radius of 30cm by taking each moso bamboo stump as a center.
After 2 years, the area-decomposed phyllostachys pubescens was sampled, and the decomposition degree was evaluated according to the decomposition evaluation criteria in table 1, and the results are shown in table 2.
Example 2
The area implemented by the embodiment of the invention is located in the city area of Taoism of Hunan province, the area is 0.45 mu, and the number of the moso bamboo stumps is 15.
(1) After bamboo cutting, a motor is used as power, an electric drill of a three-edge conical drill bit with the total length of a drill bit and a drill handle being 40cm and the diameter of the drill bit being 5cm is adopted, a mao bamboo cutting basket node is firstly dug through from the inside of a mao bamboo cutting basket, then the mao bamboo cutting basket stem handle is broken along the bending direction of the stem handle at the lower part of the mao bamboo cutting basket, and when excessive bamboo scraps are generated in the mao bamboo cutting basket, the mao bamboo cutting basket stem handle needs to be cleaned out in time;
(2) adding 50g of crushed decomposed moso bamboo shoot scraps with the particle size of less than or equal to 2mm into each moso bamboo shoot cavity which breaks through the node separation and the stalk handle of the moso bamboo shoot, and filling loose fertile surface soil with the volume which is 20 percent of that of the moso bamboo shoot cavity;
(3) and (3) applying 20g of monopotassium phosphate and 30g of urea in a ditch at the position with the radius of 35cm by taking each moso bamboo stump as a center.
After 2 years, the area-decomposed phyllostachys pubescens was sampled, and the decomposition degree was evaluated according to the decomposition evaluation criteria in table 1, and the results are shown in table 2.
Comparative example 1
The area implemented in the comparative example is located in the city of Taoism in Hunan province, the area is 0.45 mu, and the number of the moso bamboo stumps is 12.
And (2) breaking an internal node by using a steel chisel, destroying the internal structure of the moso bamboo stump, adding ammonium bicarbonate (purchased from Yiyang double strengthening chemical Co., Ltd., Hunan) into the treated moso bamboo stump at the same time, and carrying out decay promoting treatment on the moso bamboo stump by physical and chemical combination treatment.
After 2 years, the rotten bamboo stumps were sampled and evaluated according to the decay evaluation criteria of table 1, and the results are shown in table 2.
Comparative example 2
The area implemented in the comparative example is located in the city of Taoism in Hunan province, the area is 0.45 mu, and the number of the moso bamboo stumps is 12.
An oil saw is adopted to cut the inner wall and the node of the moso bamboo cutting root, the internal structure of the moso bamboo cutting root is damaged, meanwhile, organic efficient special fertilizer (purchased from lucky natural science and technology limited company in Hunan province) is added into the treated moso bamboo cutting root, the using amount is 100 g/root, and the moso bamboo cutting root is subjected to corrosion promotion treatment through physical and microbial combination treatment.
After 2 years, the rotten bamboo stumps were sampled and evaluated according to the decay evaluation criteria of table 1, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 evaluation criteria for decay of moso bamboo stumps
Table 2 evaluation table of decay degree of moso bamboo stumps in examples 1 to 2, comparative examples 1 and 2
As can be seen from table 2, in examples 1 to 2, after the culm of the bamboo roots is treated, the bamboo roots gradually lose physiological activity, and microorganisms invade the interior of the mao bamboo stumps along the damaged culm, even invade tabasheer into the interior of the bamboo cavities, and decay of the mao bamboo stumps can be achieved within 2 years. In contrast, in comparative examples 1 and 2, most of the moso bamboo stumps still show physiological activity after the moso bamboo stumps are treated by physical, chemical and microbial combined treatment, and even if the bamboo wall is deeply cut by a chain saw, no obvious microbial corrosion sign is shown beyond the range of 1.0cm away from the cutting wound. The physiological activity of the moso bamboo stumps can be maintained for at least 3-5 years in a natural state, the physiological activity can be lost within half a year after the stem stalks of the moso bamboo stumps are broken through by the method, and the rotting speed of the bamboo stumps can be accelerated for 3-5 years by destroying the stem stalks of the moso bamboo stumps and introducing decay-promoting microorganisms.
Claims (10)
1. A method for promoting decay of a moso bamboo stump is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) after bamboo cutting, firstly, a bamboo cutting basket node partition is cut through from the interior of the bamboo cutting basket, and then the bamboo cutting basket stalk partition is broken along the bending direction of the stalk at the lower part of the bamboo cutting basket;
(2) adding smashed decomposed mao bamboo stump scraps and soil into a mao bamboo stump cavity broken through the mao bamboo stump node and the stalk handle;
(3) applying inorganic fertilizer around Moso bamboo stump in furrow; the inorganic fertilizer is one or more of monopotassium phosphate, urea or potassium chloride.
2. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the method for judging the bending direction of the culm handle at the lower part of the moso bamboo stump comprises the following steps: determining according to the bending direction of the bottom of the inner cavity of the bamboo stump cutting basket, or determining according to the bending growth direction of the bamboo stalk base part during bamboo cutting, and marking.
3. The method for promoting decay of the bamboo stump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step (1), a motor or a gasoline engine is used as power, an electric drill or a gasoline engine drill is used for penetrating through the bamboo stump node and breaking the bamboo stump stalk handle; the total length of a drill bit and a drill handle used by the electric drill or the gasoline engine drill is 30-50 cm, and the diameter of the drill bit is 3-5 cm.
4. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the amount of the smashed decomposed phyllum frutescens stump scraps is 20-50 g added into each phyllum frutescens stump; the particle size of the smashed saprolysis moso bamboo stump scraps is less than or equal to 2.0 mm.
5. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the decomposed mao bamboo stump is a soft bamboo wall selected from a bamboo forest, and the mao bamboo stump with the depth of more than 1cm can be stabbed by a knife along the grain of the bamboo wall with the force less than or equal to 60N.
6. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the decomposed mao bamboo stump is a soft bamboo wall selected from a bamboo forest, and the mao bamboo stump with the depth of more than 1cm can be stabbed by a knife along the grain of the bamboo wall with the force less than or equal to 60N.
7. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the filling amount of the soil is equal to 20-40% of the volume of the inner cavity of the moso bamboo stump.
8. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 6, wherein: in the step (2), the filling amount of the soil is equal to 20-40% of the volume of the inner cavity of the moso bamboo stump.
9. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), applying inorganic fertilizer in a ditch at a position with the radius of 20-40 cm by taking the moso bamboo stump as a center; the application amount of the inorganic fertilizer is 20-50 g of each moso bamboo stump.
10. The method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump according to claim 7, wherein: in the step (3), applying inorganic fertilizer in a ditch at a position with the radius of 20-40 cm by taking the moso bamboo stump as a center; the application amount of the inorganic fertilizer is 20-50 g of each moso bamboo stump.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810257749.2A CN108464216B (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-03-27 | Method for promoting decay of moso bamboo stump |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499017A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-20 | 福建农林大学 | Method for accelerating rotting of moso bamboo roots |
| CN103250535A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for degrading bamboo roots based on cultivation of edible fungi |
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2018
- 2018-03-27 CN CN201810257749.2A patent/CN108464216B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499017A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-20 | 福建农林大学 | Method for accelerating rotting of moso bamboo roots |
| CN103250535A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for degrading bamboo roots based on cultivation of edible fungi |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Changs of Miicroorganisms in Mao Bamboo Stumps at Different Decomposition Degrees;Meiqun LI等;《Agricultural Science & Technology》;20150531;第1073-1077页 * |
| 不同处理对毛竹伐后竹篼微生物数量与酶活性的影响;李美群等;《西北林学院学报》;20160325;第148-153页 * |
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