CN108461512A - wafer bonding structure and wafer bonding method - Google Patents

wafer bonding structure and wafer bonding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108461512A
CN108461512A CN201810108058.6A CN201810108058A CN108461512A CN 108461512 A CN108461512 A CN 108461512A CN 201810108058 A CN201810108058 A CN 201810108058A CN 108461512 A CN108461512 A CN 108461512A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
coating
oxide skin
wafer bonding
wafer
bonding method
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CN201810108058.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
严青松
叶果
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Omnivision Technologies Shanghai Co Ltd
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Omnivision Technologies Shanghai Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810108058.6A priority Critical patent/CN108461512A/en
Publication of CN108461512A publication Critical patent/CN108461512A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14683Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
    • H01L27/14687Wafer level processing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14632Wafer-level processed structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/1464Back illuminated imager structures

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of wafer bonding structure and wafer bonding methods, after forming the first oxide skin(coating), also form the second oxide skin(coating), the consistency of consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) is high, so that the second oxide skin(coating) first oxide skin(coating) has higher adhesiveness, to by second oxide skin(coating) by device wafers and load wafer bonding together when can improve device wafers and load wafer between bonding force, improve and be formed by wafer bonding reliability of structure.

Description

Wafer bonding structure and wafer bonding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to ic manufacturing technology field, more particularly to a kind of wafer bonding structure and wafer bonding side Method.
Background technology
In recent years with increasing, the physics of sensor single pixel of imaging sensor (CIS) chip pixel value Size is smaller and smaller, also becomes increasingly complex for the integrated circuit fabrication process of Sensor section in chip in this way, so that should Part has been difficult to be manufactured in the technique with along with signal processing module.Additionally due to the photosensitive region of single pixel Smaller and smaller, image fault in order to prevent, to the amount of incident photon, there has also been stringenter limitations.
Wafer-level packaging before is to do interconnection line from the back of wafer, and photon penetrates metal interconnection from the front of wafer Layer enters photosensitive regions of pixels, and complicated metal interconnection layer often blocks a part of photon, the light for causing photosensitive region to obtain Subnumber mesh cannot meet the requirement of imaging.Described above in order to solve the problems, such as, current encapsulation is all gradually intended to using the back of the body Illuminated technique (BSI), will the original circuit part between camera lens and light receiving semiconductor be transferred to around light receiving semiconductor or Below so that light can directly enter photosensitive region, it is therefore prevented that blocking of the interconnection circuit to light greatly improves single pixel Utilization ratio of the unit to light.
Back-illuminated type wafer-level packaging needs wafer back part to be ground to 5 μm or so, so that light is excited through silicon photosensitive Region, and 5 μm of wafer support ability is limited, needs to use load wafer in the front of wafer.General technology is exactly to use at present Load wafer does support and is thinned to do the back of device wafers, and the wafer rear after being thinned does the work of lenticule and optical filtering Skill, then with capping protect the face, continue be thinned load wafer, load wafer on be TSV (through silicon via, Silicon through hole) technique and RDL (redistribution layer reroute layer) technique, weld pad (pad) is drawn, finally crystalline substance Circle cuts into single chip.
Load wafer is usually bonded together for the support of device wafers by that will load wafer with device wafers.It is existing In technology, the bonding force loaded between wafer and device wafers is not strong, reliable to be easy to occur in the subsequent process sliver etc. Sex chromosome mosaicism.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wafer bonding structure and wafer bonding methods, to solve/slow down existing skill The not strong problem of bonding force between wafer and device wafers is loaded in art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of wafer bonding method, the wafer bonding method includes:
One first oxide skin(coating) is formed in a device wafers;
One second oxide skin(coating) is formed in the device wafers, second oxide skin(coating) covers first oxide The consistency of layer, consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) is high;
By second oxide skin(coating) and a load wafer bonding in the device wafers.
Optionally, in the wafer bonding method, the material of first oxide skin(coating) and second oxide skin(coating) Matter is identical.
Optionally, in the wafer bonding method, the material of first oxide skin(coating) and second oxide skin(coating) Matter is selected from silica.
Optionally, in the wafer bonding method, first silicon oxide layer and second oxide skin(coating) use Reactant include ethyl orthosilicate and oxygen.
Optionally, in the wafer bonding method, first oxide skin(coating) and second oxide skin(coating) are logical Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique is crossed to be formed.
Optionally, in the wafer bonding method, high frequency power is used by forming second oxide skin(coating) 60%~70% of high frequency power used by first oxide skin(coating) is formed, used by forming second oxide skin(coating) Low frequency power is 75%~85% of low frequency power used by forming first oxide skin(coating).
Optionally, it in the wafer bonding method, forms temperature used by second oxide skin(coating) and is formed Temperature difference used by first oxide skin(coating) is less than or equal to 5 DEG C, forms pressure used by second oxide skin(coating) And the difference for forming pressure used by first oxide skin(coating) is less than or equal to 1Torr.
Optionally, in the wafer bonding method, the thickness of first oxide skin(coating) between 1 μm~5 μm, The thickness of second oxide skin(coating) is between 100 angstroms~1000 angstroms.
Optionally, in the wafer bonding method, after forming first oxide skin(coating), described second is formed Before oxide skin(coating), the wafer bonding returning method:Flatening process is executed to first oxide skin(coating).
The present invention also provides a kind of wafer bonding structure, the wafer bonding structure includes:
One device wafers;
One first oxide skin(coating), first oxide skin(coating) are formed in the device wafers;
One second oxide skin(coating), second oxide skin(coating) are formed in the device wafers, second oxide skin(coating) First oxide skin(coating) is covered, the consistency of consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) is high;
One load wafer, the load wafer are bonded together with second oxide skin(coating) in the device wafers.
In wafer bonding structure provided by the invention and wafer bonding method, after forming the first oxide skin(coating), also The second oxide skin(coating) is formed, the consistency of consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) is high, thus makes Obtaining the second oxide skin(coating) first oxide skin(coating) has higher adhesiveness, to pass through second oxide skin(coating) Device wafers can be improved when by device wafers and load wafer bonding together and load the bonding force between wafer, improved It is formed by wafer bonding reliability of structure.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section that a kind of wafer bonding method is formed by structure;
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 is formed by the diagrammatic cross-section of structure to the wafer bonding method of the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein,
100- device wafers;110- oxide skin(coating)s;120- loads wafer;
200- device wafers;The first oxide skin(coating)s of 210-;The second oxide skin(coating)s of 220-;230- loads wafer.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments to wafer bonding structure proposed by the present invention and wafer bonding method make into One step is described in detail.According to following explanation and claims, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from.It should be noted that Attached drawing is all made of very simplified form and uses non-accurate ratio, only to convenient, lucidly aid illustration is of the invention The purpose of embodiment.
First, it please refers to Fig.1 to Fig. 2, the diagrammatic cross-section of structure is formed by for a kind of wafer bonding method.Such as figure Shown in 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of wafer bonding method specifically comprises the following steps:Monoxide layer 110 is formed in a device wafers 100 On;Then, the oxide skin(coating) 110 in the device wafers 100 is bonded with a load wafer 120.Wherein, the oxidation Nitride layer 110 is formed by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique, forms high frequency work(used by the oxide skin(coating) 110 Rate is between 600W~900W, and low frequency power is between 100W~400W used by forming the oxide skin(coating) 110.It is real It tests detection and finds that the bonding force of the resulting wafer bonding structure is between 0.8J/m2~1.1J/m2Between.
Above-mentioned (size) adhesion strength can not meet the requirement of subsequent technique well, and still will appear sliver etc. can By sex chromosome mosaicism.On this basis, inventor has made further research, it is proposed that a kind of following wafer bonding method specifically includes:
One first oxide skin(coating) is formed in a device wafers;
One second oxide skin(coating) is formed in the device wafers, second oxide skin(coating) covers first oxide The consistency of layer, consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) is high;
By second oxide skin(coating) and a load wafer bonding in the device wafers.
In above-mentioned wafer bonding method, after forming the first oxide skin(coating), the second oxide skin(coating) is also formed, described The consistency of consistency first oxide skin(coating) of dioxide layer is high, so that second oxide skin(coating) is relatively described First oxide skin(coating) has higher adhesiveness, to by device wafers and load wafer bonding by second oxide skin(coating) Device wafers can be improved when together and load the bonding force between wafer, improve be formed by wafer bonding structure can By property.
Specifically, please referring to Fig.3 to Fig. 6, cuing open for structure is formed by for the wafer bonding method of the embodiment of the present invention Face schematic diagram.
First, as shown in figure 3, one device wafers 200 of offer in the embodiment of the present application can in the device wafers 200 To be formed with the pel array for including multiple pixel unit (not shown)s.Wherein, the pel array may include in more Multiple pixel units of row multiple row arrangement, the pixel unit may include light-sensitive element, such as photodiode, phototriode Pipe etc..Further, multiple transmission gate (not shown)s, the transmission gate can also be formed in the device wafers 200 It is electrically connected with the pixel unit.
With continued reference to Fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present application, then, one first oxide skin(coating) 210 is formed in the device wafers On 200.Wherein, the material of first oxide skin(coating) 210 is preferably silica, and the main material of device wafers 200 is usually Silicon, the first oxide skin(coating) 210 selected from oxidation silicon material can be good at bonding with device wafers 200.
Preferably, first oxide skin(coating) 210 passes through plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique (PECVD) shape At.Specifically, high frequency power used by forming first oxide skin(coating) 210 is between 600W~900W, for example, being formed High frequency power used by first oxide skin(coating) 210 is 600W, 650W, 700W, 750W, 800W, 850W or 900W etc.. Low frequency power used by forming first oxide skin(coating) 210 is between 100W~400W, for example, forming first oxygen Low frequency power used by compound layer 210 is 100W, 150W, 200W, 250W, 300W, 350W or 400W etc..Further, Forming technological temperature used by first oxide skin(coating) 210 can be between 400 DEG C~700 DEG C, for example, described in being formed Technological temperature used by first oxide skin(coating) 210 be 400 DEG C, 450 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 550 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 620 DEG C, 680 DEG C or 700 DEG C of person etc..Further, formed pressure used by first oxide skin(coating) 210 can between 3Torr~7Torr it Between, for example, formed pressure used by first oxide skin(coating) 210 be 3Torr, 3.5Torr, 4.2Torr, 4.6Torr, 5Torr, 5.5Torr, 6Torr, 6.5Torr or 7Torr etc..
Wherein, reactant used by first oxide skin(coating) 210 may include ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and oxygen (O2).Wherein, the amount for the ethyl orthosilicate for being passed through reaction chamber can be higher than by being passed through the amount of the oxygen of reaction chamber.For example, logical The ratio for entering the amount of the oxygen of reaction chamber and being passed through the amount of the ethyl orthosilicate of reaction chamber can be between 3:1 to 20:1 it Between.Preferably, the thickness of first oxide skin(coating) 210 is between 1 μm~5 μm, for example, first oxide skin(coating) 210 Thickness be 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.7 μm or 5 μm etc..
Next referring to Fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present application, after forming first oxide skin(coating) 210, then to institute It states the first oxide skin(coating) 210 and executes flatening process, to improve the flatness on 210 surface of the first oxide skin(coating).Specifically, Chemical mechanical milling tech (CMP) can be used, flatening process is executed to first oxide skin(coating) 210.In view of to described After monoxide layer 210 executes flatening process, the thickness of first oxide skin(coating) 210 can be thinned, therefore, passing through When gas ions enhancing chemical vapor deposition method forms first oxide skin(coating) 210, it can also be carried on the basis of target thickness Height is formed by the thickness of first oxide skin(coating) 210.
Next referring to Fig. 5, one second oxide skin(coating) 220 is formed in the device wafers 200, second oxide 220 covering first oxide skin(coating) 210 of layer, the consistency of second oxide skin(coating) 220, first oxide skin(coating) 210 Consistency it is high.Preferably, second oxide skin(coating) 220 is identical with the material of first oxide skin(coating) 210, it is possible thereby to Improve the bonding force between second oxide skin(coating) 220 and first oxide skin(coating) 210.In the embodiment of the present application, institute The material for stating the second oxide skin(coating) 220 is selected from silica.
Preferably, second oxide skin(coating) 220 is formed by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique.It is preferred that , it is high used by forming first oxide skin(coating) 210 to form high frequency power used by second oxide skin(coating) 220 The 60%~70% of frequency power, it is to form first oxidation to form low frequency power used by second oxide skin(coating) 220 The 75%~85% of low frequency power used by nitride layer 210.In the embodiment of the present application, by for forming second oxidation The high frequency power of nitride layer 220 and the change of low frequency power improve and are formed by 220 adhesiveness of the second oxide skin(coating).
Further, it forms temperature used by second oxide skin(coating) 220 and forms first oxide skin(coating) 210 Used temperature difference is less than or equal to 5 DEG C, forms pressure used by second oxide skin(coating) 220 and forms described first The difference of pressure used by oxide skin(coating) 210 is less than or equal to 1Torr.It is used preferably, forming second oxide skin(coating) 220 Temperature with form first oxide skin(coating) 210 used by temperature it is identical, form second oxide skin(coating) 220 and used Pressure with form first oxide skin(coating) 210 used by pressure it is identical, that is, form second oxide skin(coating) 220 and adopted Temperature and pressure is remained unchanged with temperature and pressure used by formation first oxide skin(coating) 210, thus can also Simplify technology controlling and process.
Specifically, reactant used by second oxide skin(coating) 220 may include ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and oxygen Gas (O2).Wherein, the amount for the ethyl orthosilicate for being passed through reaction chamber can be higher than by being passed through the amount of the oxygen of reaction chamber.For example, The ratio for being passed through the amount of the oxygen of reaction chamber and being passed through the amount of the ethyl orthosilicate of reaction chamber can be between 3:1 to 20:1 it Between.Preferably, the thickness of second oxide skin(coating) 220 is between 100 angstroms~1000 angstroms, for example, second oxide The thickness of layer 220 is 100 angstroms, 200 angstroms, 350 angstroms, 500 angstroms, 600 angstroms, 750 angstroms, 900 angstroms or 1000 angstroms etc..
Then, as shown in fig. 6, second oxide skin(coating) 220 and one in the device wafers 200 is loaded wafer 230 bondings.Wherein, conventional thermal bonding etc. may be used in the bonding between the device wafers 200 and the load wafer 230 Bonding technology is formed.
Correspondingly, the present embodiment also provides a kind of wafer bonding structure, and shown in Fig. 6, the wafer bonding knot Structure includes:One device wafers 200;One first oxide skin(coating) 210, first oxide skin(coating) 210 are formed in the device wafers On 200;One second oxide skin(coating) 220, second oxide skin(coating) 220 are formed in the device wafers 200, second oxygen Compound layer 220 covers first oxide skin(coating) 210, consistency first oxide of second oxide skin(coating) 220 The consistency of layer 210 is high;One load wafer 230, the load wafer 230 and second oxygen in the device wafers 200 Compound layer 220 is bonded together.
Experiment detection finds that the bonding force of the resulting wafer bonding structure is between 2.4J/m2~2.6J/m2Between, The bonding force for being formed by wafer bonding structure is greatly improved, the requirement of subsequent technique is met, improves and be formed by Wafer bonding reliability of structure.
To sum up, in wafer bonding structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention and wafer bonding method, first is being formed After oxide skin(coating), the second oxide skin(coating) is also formed, consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) Consistency is high, so that second oxide skin(coating), first oxide skin(coating) has higher adhesiveness, to pass through Second oxide skin(coating) by device wafers with load wafer bonding together with when can improve device wafers and load wafer it Between bonding force, improve and be formed by wafer bonding reliability of structure.
Foregoing description is only the description to present pre-ferred embodiments, not to any restriction of the scope of the invention, this hair Any change, the modification that the those of ordinary skill in bright field does according to the disclosure above content, belong to the protection of claims Range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of wafer bonding method, which is characterized in that the wafer bonding method includes:
One first oxide skin(coating) is formed in a device wafers;
One second oxide skin(coating) is formed in the device wafers, second oxide skin(coating) covers first oxide skin(coating), The consistency of consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) is high;
By second oxide skin(coating) and a load wafer bonding in the device wafers.
2. wafer bonding method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first oxide skin(coating) and second oxidation The material of nitride layer is identical.
3. wafer bonding method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first oxide skin(coating) and second oxidation The material of nitride layer is selected from silica.
4. wafer bonding method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first silicon oxide layer and second oxidation The reactant that nitride layer uses includes ethyl orthosilicate and oxygen.
5. wafer bonding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that first oxide skin(coating) and Second oxide skin(coating) is formed by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique.
6. wafer bonding method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that formed high used by second oxide skin(coating) Frequency power is 60%~70% of high frequency power used by forming first oxide skin(coating), forms second oxide skin(coating) Used low frequency power is 75%~85% of low frequency power used by forming first oxide skin(coating).
7. wafer bonding method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that form temperature used by second oxide skin(coating) Degree is less than or equal to 5 DEG C with temperature difference used by first oxide skin(coating) is formed, and forms second oxide skin(coating) and is adopted Pressure and the difference for forming pressure used by first oxide skin(coating) are less than or equal to 1Torr.
8. wafer bonding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that first oxide skin(coating) Thickness is between 1 μm~5 μm, and the thickness of second oxide skin(coating) is between 100 angstroms~1000 angstroms.
9. wafer bonding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that forming first oxidation After nitride layer, formed before second oxide skin(coating), the wafer bonding returning method:First oxide skin(coating) is executed flat Smooth chemical industry skill.
10. a kind of wafer bonding structure, which is characterized in that the wafer bonding structure includes:
One device wafers;
One first oxide skin(coating), first oxide skin(coating) are formed in the device wafers;
One second oxide skin(coating), second oxide skin(coating) are formed in the device wafers, the second oxide skin(coating) covering The consistency of first oxide skin(coating), consistency first oxide skin(coating) of second oxide skin(coating) is high;
One load wafer, the load wafer are bonded together with second oxide skin(coating) in the device wafers.
CN201810108058.6A 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 wafer bonding structure and wafer bonding method Pending CN108461512A (en)

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Cited By (1)

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CN110718453A (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-01-21 武汉新芯集成电路制造有限公司 Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same

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