CN108459349A - Seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction - Google Patents
Seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108459349A CN108459349A CN201810131052.0A CN201810131052A CN108459349A CN 108459349 A CN108459349 A CN 108459349A CN 201810131052 A CN201810131052 A CN 201810131052A CN 108459349 A CN108459349 A CN 108459349A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well constructions, including gas production mechanism, gas collecting apparatus and gas operated device, gas production mechanism and gas collecting apparatus to be embedded in underground.Gas production mechanism includes air-permeable layer and permeability cell, and permeability cell is perpendicularly interposed in air-permeable layer, and being covered on the tube wall of permeability cell has multiple air holes, and the top of permeability cell is exposed to the top of air-permeable layer.Gas collecting apparatus includes in horn-like gas gathering mask; the big mouth down of gas gathering mask covers in air-permeable layer; the protection pipe that the osculum of gas gathering mask passes through flanged joint permeability cell and gas operated device; there are several gas-guide tubes in protection pipe; the top of protection pipe is stamped sealing cover and is exposed to ground, and the bottom end of gas-guide tube is connected with gas production floral tube, and being covered on the tube wall of gas production floral tube has gas production hole; the top of gas-guide tube passes through sealing cover, gas-guide tube to be connected with sealing cover by gas-tpe fitting.Gas production rate of the present invention is high, service life is long, air-tightness is good, improves the stability and reliability of soil tomography gas content observing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysics and protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters technical fields more particularly to a kind of seismic precursor soil tomography to escape
Gas observes well construction, is provided for gas analyzer and stablizes true soil tomography emergent gas, is mainly used in seismic precursor gas
The construction of body observation point and platform net forms the Gas observation system of complete set with gas analysis instrument.
Background technology
What earthquake zone came is all catastrophic disaster, and damage is extremely serious caused by human life's property, therefore is improved
The science and accuracy of earthquake prediction ability have great national strategy safety and economic implications.What underground fluid carried
The variation of crust deep part is most sensitive to seismic precursor, and wherein underground gas forgives abundant source physics chemical dynamics information,
Underground gas includes emergent gas and soil emergent gas in underground water.It is China's seismic precursor to observe emergent gas in underground water
Observation develops a kind of observation procedure earlier, but is influenced in recent years by natural environment and mankind's activity, the stabilization of underground water
Property is poor, and observation effect is less desirable.Observation soil emergent gas especially observes soil tomography emergent gas, although starting
It is later, but nearly 5 years it is numerous shake examples show observe soil tomography emergent gas be seismic precursor prediction more effective way it
One.
Rational design and construction soil gas content observing hole or inspection well are to ensure that soil emergent gas observational network effectively
With capturing seismic source precursor one of essential condition.Soil gas content observing hole generally selects construction in the upper disk of soil tomography or breaks
On the movable driving disc spacing pressing of layer, therefore referred to as soil tomography escapes gas, and rational peephole (well) design more effectively can reflect ground
Shell deep deflation situation, avoids ambient enviroment from interfering.Since seismic precursor Gas observation is a long-term observation project,
The design of peephole will not only meet the offer of live gas, it is also contemplated that the problems such as long-time stability and service life.Mesh
Preceding soil tomography gas content observing hole (well) is generally to underground water peephole reconstruct, to soil observation condition, gas
Body observation instrument etc. is not fully applicable in, therefore that there are gas production rates is low, observation hole plug or the defects of gas leakage, affects soil
The stability and reliability of tomography gas content observing.
Invention content
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention, provides a kind of seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction,
Its gas production rate is high, service life is long, air-tightness is good, improves the stability and reliability of soil tomography gas content observing, and can be with
Multiple gas analyser device is used cooperatively, and is provided true fresh underground deep gas for multiple gas analyser device, is conducive to
Obtain the earthquake prediction parameter with source physics meaning.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals：The present invention includes gas production machine
Structure, gas collecting apparatus and gas operated device, gas production mechanism and gas collecting apparatus are embedded in underground, and gas collecting apparatus is covered in gas production mechanism, led
Device of air is connected with gas production mechanism and is exposed to ground at the top of gas operated device.After entire inspection well installation is built well, adopting
It is backfilled with backfill around and above the upper surface of mechanism of qi structure and gas collecting apparatus, on the one hand by gas production mechanism and gas collecting apparatus
It is embedded in subsurface, fixed function on the other hand is played to gas operated device.Inspection well (hole) is arranged perpendicular to the direction of strata, inspection well
(hole) depth determines according to the frozen soil layer thickness and level of ground water of observation point position, generally in 3~10 meters of subsurface depth
Place.When observation, gas operated device is connected with gas analyzer again.Gas production mechanism is located at the bottommost of inspection well, the soil that underground generates
Earth tomography emergent gas is acquired by gas production mechanism, flows into gas operated device through gas collecting apparatus, then be conveyed to gas point by gas operated device
Analyzer.Gas collecting apparatus prevents gas from escaping into earth's surface by other soil layers, carries for retaining and storing soil tomography emergent gas
High gas production rate.The technical program gas production rate is high, service life is long, air-tightness is good, improves the stabilization of soil tomography gas content observing
Property and reliability, and can be used cooperatively with multiple gas analyser device, true fresh ground is provided for multiple gas analyser device
Lower deep gas is conducive to obtain the earthquake prediction parameter with source physics meaning.
Preferably, the gas production mechanism includes air-permeable layer and permeability cell, permeability cell is perpendicularly interposed in air-permeable layer simultaneously
Positioned at the center of air-permeable layer, being covered on the tube wall of permeability cell has multiple air holes, and bottom surface of the bottom end from air-permeable layer of permeability cell has
One is intersegmental away from the top of permeability cell is exposed to the top of air-permeable layer, and permeability cell is connected to the gas operated device.The material of air-permeable layer
Matter is strong gas permeable material, and the material of permeability cell is the high molecular material of corrosion-resistant, high rigidity, high intensity.The soil that underground generates
Tomography emergent gas can be easily diffused into air-permeable layer, then the air hole by breathing freely on tube wall flows into permeability cell,
To complete gas production.
Preferably, the air hole on the permeability cell is equipped with multiple rows of air hole from top to bottom along tube wall, often row is ventilative
Multiple air holes are distributed with along tube wall even circumferential in hole, and neighbouring two rows of air holes are staggered.Each side of permeability cell
There is air hole setting to, upper and lower each position, it is ensured that soil tomography emergent gas can flow into saturating very successfully, as much as possible
Tracheae improves gas production rate.
Preferably, the material of the air-permeable layer is gravel, the permeability cell is stainless steel tube or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Pipe.Air-permeable layer is located at observation bottom, and mainly by granular size, consistent, about 2~5 centimetres of diameter gravel is neatly stacked and formed.
Air-permeable layer is usually one a diameter of 2.5~3 meters, is highly 1~2 meter of cylindrical structure, the diameter of air-permeable layer and height by
The geological environment of observation point determines.If soil property is sandy soil matter, it is relatively large in diameter；If the depth for observing wellhole is less than 5 meters, breathe freely
Layer depth is no more than 1 meter.To prevent dust or sundries from blocking the air hole on ventilative tube wall, gravel selects the goose cleaned up
Cobble, and the part process that cobblestone is contacted with ventilative tube wall caches processing, to reduce withered and fallen fine dust or sundries.By
Mellow and full smooth in cobblestone surface, surface area is larger, therefore the storage volume of soil effusion gas is big, further increases gas production rate.
Preferably, the gas collecting apparatus includes being in horn-like gas gathering mask, the big mouth down of gas gathering mask is covered described
Air-permeable layer on, the osculum of gas gathering mask is connected with flange, and the top of the permeability cell is connected with flange, flange again and it is described
Gas operated device is connected.Gas gathering mask covers on air-permeable layer and permeability cell below, right for the gas in aggregation and spreading to air-permeable layer
The soil tomography emergent gas being diffused into air-permeable layer plays reservation and memory action, prevents gas from being escaped by other soil layers
Earth's surface improves gas production rate.
Preferably, the lower section of the gas gathering mask is equipped with supporting rack.Supporting rack plays a supporting role to gas gathering mask.Due to
The weight of carrying backfill is needed above gas gathering mask, while ensureing that the cavity volume surrounded between gas gathering mask and air-permeable layer is constant,
Supporting rack is set below gas gathering mask, is used for Auxiliary support gas gathering mask, improves the crushing resistance and fastness of gas gathering mask.
Preferably, the supporting rack is L-shaped, the horizontal edge of supporting rack and the air-permeable layer are close to, and supporting rack erects
Side and air-permeable layer are vertical, and reinforcement supporting rod is additionally provided between the horizontal edge of supporting rack and the gas gathering mask.Further increase gas collection
The crushing resistance and fastness of cover.
Preferably, the gas gathering mask is stainless steel material.Gas gathering mask is processed into using stainless steel plate, stainless steel plate
Thickness according to observation point soil property density determine.If soil property density is larger, selection slab is needed；If soil property density is smaller, can
Select thin plate.
Preferably, the gas operated device includes and the protection pipe of the gas production mechanism connection and in the protection pipe
Several gas-guide tubes, the top of protection pipe is exposed to ground, and sealing cover, the bottom end connection of gas-guide tube are stamped in the top of protection pipe
There is gas production floral tube, being covered on the tube wall of gas production floral tube has gas production hole, and the top of gas-guide tube passes through sealing cover, gas-guide tube to pass through tracheae
Connector is connected with sealing cover.To improve gas production rate, the caliber of gas-guide tube is greater than the sampling pipe caliber of gas analyzer.Protection pipe
Not only have the function of protecting gas-guide tube that also there is certain heat-insulated pressure-resistant effect, the transverse pressure of backfill can be born, and
Have the function of it is corrosion-resistant, anti-aging, put worm ant and sting erosion.The top of gas-guide tube using integrated molding gas switching device and
The sampling pipe of gas analysis instrument connects, and the air-tightness of junction is effectively ensured.Gas-guide tube is by corrosion-resistant, thermal coefficient is poor, anti-
The material of aging is made, while air guide tube material reply detection gas do not have suction-operated, prevent gas-guide tube absorption from causing to see
Survey resultant error.The setting of sealing cover had not only avoided earth's surface gas from being mixed into gas-guide tube but also the gas in gas-guide tube is avoided to escape.Due to
The density of gas with various is different, and the depth assembled in inspection well is also inconsistent, therefore according to the type of observation gas, gas-guide tube
Depth it is inconsistent.Gas-guide tube bottom end is socketed gas production floral tube, and gas production floral tube is made of a kind of light-weight high-polymer tubing, avoids gas production
Floral tube directly touches protection tube wall, it is ensured that the gas of gas production floral tube acquisition is gas in protection pipe, while when preventing gas production
Instantaneous gas turbulence.When observation multinomial in view of observation point, avoid surveying the influence between item, can item be how many, gas according to surveying
The gas production volume needs of analytical instrument install air ducts, i.e., 2~4 gas-guide tubes are arranged in protection pipe, more gas-guide tubes are also
When can ensure certain root air guide blockage, other gas-guide tubes extend the service life of inspection well as spare, avoid gas-guide tube or
Inspection well caused by gas production floral tube blocks can not occur the phenomenon that continuous observation.
Preferably, the protection pipe is wrapped with insulating tube.The setting of insulating tube, prevents gas in uphill process
Moisture condensation causes air guide blockage caused by temperature change, insulation effect is played to collected gas, generally by cotton material
Material is made.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Gas production rate is high, and service life is long, and air-tightness is good, improves soil tomography effusion gas and sees
Stability, the accuracy and reliability of survey, and can be used cooperatively with multiple gas analyser device, it is carried for multiple gas analyser device
For true fresh underground deep gas, complete Gas observation system is formed, is used for soil tomography gas content observing point and platform
Net is built, and is conducive to obtain the earthquake prediction parameter with source physics meaning.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of broken section structural schematic diagram of gas operated device in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of lateral schematic cross-sectional view of gas operated device in the present invention.
1. air-permeable layer in figure, 2. permeability cells, 3. air holes, 4. gas gathering masks, 5. flanges, 6. supporting racks, 7. reinforce supporting rod,
8. protection pipe, 9. gas-guide tubes, 10. sealing covers, 11. insulating tubes, 12. gas-tpe fittings, 13. gas production floral tubes, 14. switching devices.
Specific implementation mode
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment：The seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, including gas production
Mechanism, gas collecting apparatus and gas operated device, gas production mechanism and gas collecting apparatus are embedded in underground, and gas collecting apparatus covers in gas production mechanism,
Gas operated device is connected with gas production mechanism and is exposed to ground at the top of gas operated device.Gas production mechanism includes air-permeable layer 1 and breathes freely
Pipe 2 determines air-permeable layer depth location located underground, generally according to the frozen soil layer thickness and level of ground water of observation point position
At 3~10 meters of underground place, air-permeable layer 1 is diametrically 2.5~3 meters, is highly 1~2 meter of cylinder, is mainly had for air-permeable layer setting
Granular size is consistent, about 2~5 centimetres of diameter gravel neatly is stacked to be formed, and gravel selects the cobblestone cleaned up, and goose ovum
The part that stone is contacted with permeability cell is by caching processing, to reduce withered and fallen fine dust.Permeability cell 2 is perpendicularly interposed in air-permeable layer
In and positioned at the center of air-permeable layer, permeability cell be an a diameter of 110~150mm, 5~10mm of wall thickness, long 60~120cm not
Become rusty steel pipe or polyfluortetraethylene pipe.The air hole 3 that aperture is 15mm it has been covered on the tube wall of permeability cell, air hole is along tube wall under
It is multiple rows of to above lining up, it often arranges air hole and is distributed along tube wall even circumferential, neighbouring two rows of air holes are staggered, adjacent
Spacing between stomata is 75mm.The bottom end of permeability cell is open, and the bottom end of permeability cell have from the bottom surface of air-permeable layer it is one intersegmental away from one
As be 25cm, i.e., the bottom end of permeability cell cannot with observation borehole bottom directly touch, the top of permeability cell is exposed to air-permeable layer
Top.Gas collecting apparatus is located at the surface of gas production mechanism, and gas collecting apparatus includes in horn-like gas gathering mask 4, the big mouth of gas gathering mask
Towards lower cover in air-permeable layer 1, the big mouth length of side is 100~150cm, and flange 5 is equipped on the osculum of gas gathering mask.Gas gathering mask 4 uses
Stainless steel material is processed into, and is by the stainless steel plate (constituting gas gathering mask side) and one piece of thickness that four pieces of thickness are 3~5mm
The square stainless steel plate (gas gathering mask osculum) of 12mm is welded, wherein square stainless steel plate center be provided with it is a diameter of
118mm circular holes, own perimeter are equidistantly set there are four mounting hole, are used for mounting flange.Internal whorl is arranged at flange lower part, with permeability cell
Top docking by screw thread be connected, flange top connect gas operated device in protection pipe.The lower section of gas gathering mask passes through the company of welding
Above supporting rack 6 there are three connecing, for supporting rack along the circumference uniform distribution of gas gathering mask, supporting rack is L-shaped, the horizontal edge and gas collection of supporting rack
The big mouth of cover flushes and is connected, and the horizontal edge of supporting rack is pressed in air-permeable layer, the vertical edge of supporting rack and the vertical phase of the osculum of gas gathering mask
Even, the vertical edge and air-permeable layer of supporting rack are vertical, and one is also associated between the horizontal edge of supporting rack and the side of gas gathering mask and reinforces branch
Strut 7 forms the triangular supports below gas gathering mask.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, gas operated device include protection pipe 8 and positioned at protection
Two gas-guide tubes 9 in pipe, the bottom end of protection pipe are connected with the flange on gas gathering mask, and protection pipe is connected to permeability cell, protection pipe
Top be exposed to ground, exceed 30~50cm of earth's surface, the top of protection pipe is stamped sealing cover 10, and protection pipe is wrapped with heat preservation
Pipe 11.Protection pipe is the high molecular material pipe of diameter 110mm, 5~10mm of wall thickness, predominantly PVC or PPR materials, it is ensured that
Certain compressive resistance, while having the function of that ant prevention stings erosion.If subsurface temperature differs larger with surface temperature, more than 2
DEG C, then the protection pipe that wall thickness should be selected thicker.Insulating tube is the heat-preservation cotton pipe of diameter 140mm, wall thickness 15mm, is mainly used for keeping gas
Temperature avoids condensing in gas uphill process, causes air guide blockage.Gas-guide tube is mainly used for drawing the gas in permeability cell
It is directed at earth's surface, material is the small polytetrafluoroethylene material of gas adsorbability, a diameter of 12~15mm, wall thickness 2mm.The top of gas-guide tube
Across sealing cover, gas-guide tube is connected by gas-tpe fitting 12 with sealing cover at end, and socket place uses silicone glue bond, is ensured airtight
Property, prevent gas from being revealed from junction, while also avoiding ambient atmos from being mixed into peephole and diluting underground effusion gas.It leads
The bottom end of tracheae is connected with gas production floral tube 13, and a gas production floral tube is located in protection pipe, and a gas production floral tube is located in permeability cell,
Gas production floral tube is the high molecular material pipe of 15~18mm of diameter, wall thickness 3mm, length 100mm, first-class of the tube wall of gas production floral tube
Away from being covered with the gas production hole for having a diameter of 8mm.Three gas production mechanism, gas collecting apparatus and gas operated device parts are after installation is complete, heat preservation
It is backfilled with backfill around pipe and above gas gathering mask, to fix gas operated device, ensures gas operated device perpendicular to ground, backfill
In the process, 20cm is often backfilled, tamping operation need to be carried out, prevent backfill from collapsing.The top of gas-guide tube is connected with switching device 14,
For being connected with gas analysis instrument, the air-tightness at switching is increased, while as one-way gas flow valve, avoiding gas backstreaming
To peephole.
Soil tomography emergent gas flows through air-permeable layer, enters permeability cell by the air hole on permeability cell, then flow into protection
Pipe flows into gas-guide tube through the gas production hole on gas production floral tube, is finally conveyed collected soil tomography emergent gas by gas-guide tube
To gas analysis instrument.The setting of gas gathering mask prevents gas from passing through other soil for retaining and storing soil tomography emergent gas
Layer escapes into earth's surface, improves the gas production rate of permeability cell.
Gas production rate of the present invention is high, and service life is long, and air-tightness is good, improves stability, the standard of soil tomography gas content observing
True property and reliability, and can be used cooperatively with multiple gas analyser device, it is provided for multiple gas analyser device true fresh
Underground deep gas forms complete Gas observation system, is used for soil tomography gas content observing point and platform net construction, is conducive to
Obtain the earthquake prediction parameter with source physics meaning.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction, it is characterised in that including gas production mechanism, gas collecting apparatus and
Gas operated device, gas production mechanism and gas collecting apparatus are embedded in underground, and gas collecting apparatus covers in gas production mechanism, gas operated device and gas production machine
Structure is connected and is exposed to ground at the top of gas operated device.
2. seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described adopts
Mechanism of qi structure includes air-permeable layer and permeability cell, and permeability cell is perpendicularly interposed in the center in air-permeable layer and positioned at air-permeable layer, permeability cell
Being covered on tube wall has multiple air holes, and the bottom end of permeability cell has one intersegmental away from the top of permeability cell is exposed from the bottom surface of air-permeable layer
In the top of air-permeable layer, permeability cell is connected to the gas operated device.
3. seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described is saturating
Air hole on tracheae is equipped with multiple rows of air hole from top to bottom along tube wall, and often row's air hole is distributed with multiple along tube wall even circumferential
Air hole, neighbouring two rows of air holes are staggered.
4. seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described
The material of air-permeable layer is gravel, and the permeability cell is stainless steel tube or polyfluortetraethylene pipe.
5. seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the collection
Device of air includes in horn-like gas gathering mask, and the big mouth down of gas gathering mask covers in the air-permeable layer, and the osculum of gas gathering mask connects
It is connected to flange, the top of the permeability cell is connected with flange, and flange is connected with the gas operated device again.
6. seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the collection
The lower section of gas hood is equipped with supporting rack.
7. seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the branch
Support is L-shaped, and the horizontal edge of supporting rack and the air-permeable layer are close to, and the vertical edge and air-permeable layer of supporting rack are vertical, the cross of supporting rack
Reinforcement supporting rod is additionally provided between side and the gas gathering mask.
8. the seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that institute
The gas gathering mask stated is stainless steel material.
9. the seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claims 1 or 2 or 5, it is characterised in that institute
The gas operated device stated includes and the protection pipe of the gas production mechanism connection and several gas-guide tubes in protection pipe protection
The top of pipe is exposed to ground, and sealing cover is stamped on the top of protection pipe, and the bottom end of gas-guide tube is connected with gas production floral tube, gas production floral tube
Tube wall on be covered with and have gas production hole, the top of gas-guide tube passes through sealing cover, gas-guide tube to be connected with sealing cover by gas-tpe fitting.
10. seismic precursor soil tomography gas content observing well construction according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the guarantor
Pillar is wrapped with insulating tube.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111398518A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州超钜科技有限公司 | Gas flux continuous measurement system and measurement method thereof |
| CN114427460A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Drilling tool is gathered to ground gas |
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| 范雪芳等: "山西夏县痕量氢观测资料的初步分析", 《山西地震》 * |
| 黄春玲等: "断层气观测在夏县中心地震台的应用研究", 《山西地震》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111398518A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州超钜科技有限公司 | Gas flux continuous measurement system and measurement method thereof |
| CN114427460A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Drilling tool is gathered to ground gas |
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