CN108459192B - A kind of non-contact electric current detecting method for DC power transmission line - Google Patents
A kind of non-contact electric current detecting method for DC power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- CN108459192B CN108459192B CN201810251837.1A CN201810251837A CN108459192B CN 108459192 B CN108459192 B CN 108459192B CN 201810251837 A CN201810251837 A CN 201810251837A CN 108459192 B CN108459192 B CN 108459192B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of non-contact electric current detecting methods for DC power transmission line.Magnetic field sensor (magnetic field sensor that can be measured with D.C. magnetic field) array of design is placed on the ground to the space magnetic field of measurement direct current overhead line, and on the basis of the overhead line geometric dimension for passing through known portions, the DC current size on overhead line can be accurately estimated by the current algorithm of design.The present invention is placed in the site environment of DC power transmission line in which can be convenient, and substantially increases the convenience and safety of DC current measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-contact electric current detecting methods for DC power transmission line, are suitable for direct current overhead line electricity
Flow measurement problem belongs to power system measuring field.
Background technique
In recent years, due to the continuous development of material science, power electronic technique and manufacturing technology, HVDC Transmission Technology is obtained
Significant raising [1-3].DC transmission system is with stability is good, energy loss is low, interferes small, transmission line of electricity to throw in power grid
The advantages such as low with maintenance cost are provided, increasingly important role is played in world's transmission system.
Electric current is the important electrical parameter for monitoring power grid, especially multi-terminal direct current transmission system [4].About existing direct current
Flow measurement technology, including optical current mutual inductor [5-7] and Zero magnetic flux direct-current current transformer [8-10], they are mounted on mostly
Substation and converter station, since its is at high cost, volume is big.Recently, some one kind of having researched and proposed in [11] [13] are based on big
Measure the intelligent monitor system of Low-cost electric flow sensor.In [14], [15], a large amount of low precision electric current microsensor is used to examine
Survey current condition.Even if each low precision current sensor cannot obtain all current informations, still may be implemented accurate
Current status detection, because of the High redundancy of current measurement.Therefore, the installation site of DC current measurement is limited, causes to obtain
Information about power it is less, to reduce the state estimation and detection accuracy [16] of existing DC grid.Therefore, it is necessary to develop
A kind of Novel DC current measurement techniques having the characteristics that: (1) simple installation safety, 2) low cost, 3) portability and spirit
Activity.
Bibliography:
[1]ABB,“ABB Review Special Report 60years of HVDC,”ABB Technology
Ltd.,Zurich,Switzerland,Tech.Rep.,Jul.2014.
[2]S.Debnath,J.Qin,B.Bahrani,M.Saeedifard,and P.Barbosa,“Operation,
control,and applications ofthe modular multilevel converter:areview,”IEEE
Trans.PowerElectron.,vol.30,no.1,pp.37–53,Mar.2015.
[3]Q.Ma,K.Huang,Z.Yu,andZ.Wang,“AMEMS-based electric field sensor for
measurement of high-voltage DC synthetic fields in air,”IEEE Sensors J.,
vol.17,no.23,pp.7866–7876,Dec.2017.
[4]D.Tzelepis,G.Fusiek,A.P.Niewczas,C.Booth,and X.Dong,“Novel
fault location in MTDC grids with non-homogeneous transmission lines
utilizing distributed current sensing technology,”IEEE Trans.Smart Grid,
tobepublished.
[5]X.Han,Y.Xu,C.Fu,andH.Rao,“Research about measurementperformance
ofoptic-electric DC current transformer in 500kV HVDC power system,”in
Proc.2009Asia-Pacific Power and EnergyEngineering Conference,Wuhan,China,
Mar.2009.
[6]M.Takahashi,K.Sasaki,Y.Hirata；T.Murao；H.Takeda；Y.Nakamura；
T.Ohtsuka；T.Sakai；N.Nosaka,"Field test ofDC optical current transformer for
HVDC link,”in Proc.2010IEEE Power andEnergy Society GeneralMeeting,
Providence,USA,Jul.2010.
[7]F.V.B.d.Nazaréand M.M.Werneck,“Compact optomagnetic Bragg-grating-
based current sensor for transmission lines,”IEEE Sensors J.,vol.15,no.1,
pp.100–109,Jan.2015.
[8]N.Wang,Z.Zhang,Z.Li,Q.He,F.Lin,and Y.Lu,“Design and
characterization ofa low-cost self-oscillating fluxgate transducer for
precision measurement of high-current,”IEEE Sensors J.,vol.16,no.9,pp.2971–
2981,May 2016.
[9]S.Ziegler,R.C.Woodward,H.H.C.Iu,and L.J.Borle,“Current sensing
techniques:A review,”IEEE Sensors J.,vol.9,no.4,pp.354–376,Apr.2009.
[10]X.Yang,B.Zhang,Y.Wang,Z.Zhao,and W.Yan,“The optimization of dual-
core closed-loop fluxgate technology in precision current sensor,”
J.Appl.Phys.,vol.111,no.7,p.07E722,2012.
[11]C.Y.Chong and S.P.Kumar,“Sensor networks:Evolution,opportunities
and challenges,”Proceedings ofthe IEEE,vol.91,no.8,pp.1247–1256,Aug.2003.
[12]V.C.Gungor,B.Lu,and G.P.Hancke,“Opportunities and challenges of
wireless sensor networks in smart grid,”IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron.,vol.57,
no.10,pp.3557–3564,Feb.2010.
[13]K.L.Chen,Y.R.Chen,Y.P.Tsai,and N.Chen,“A novel wireless
multifunctional electronic current transformer based on ZigBee-based
communication,”IEEE Trans.Smart Grid,vol.8,no.4,pp.1888–1897,Jul.2017.
[14]Y.Yang,D.Divan,R.Harley,and T.Habetler,“Design and implementation
of power line sensornet for overhead transmission lines,”in Proc.2009 IEEE
Power Energy Society General Meeting,Calgary,Canada,Jul.2009.
[15]K.Wang,X.Qiu,S.Guo,and F.Qi,“Fault tolerance oriented sensors
relay monitoring mechanism for overhead transmission line in smart grid,”IEEE
Sensors J.,vol.15,no.3,pp.1982–1991,Mar.2015.
[16]A.Ukil,“Towards networked smart digital sensors:a review,”in
Proc.34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics,Orlando,USA,
Nov.2008.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of non-contact electric current detecting methods for DC power transmission line, can be convenient
Ground is placed in the site environment of DC power transmission line, substantially increases the convenience and safety of DC current measurement.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that a kind of non-contact electric current for DC power transmission line is examined
Survey method, includes the following steps,
Step S1, a vertical sensor array is set below overhead line, and the number of plies of the vertical sensor array is at least
Three layers, every layer is placed the triaxial magnetic field sensor that can measure D.C. magnetic field below overhead line；
Step S2, be corrected to vertical sensor array, correction includes two steps: the first step is three-axle magnetic field sensing
The correction of device chip interior bias voltage itself；Second step is three axis of each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor of vertical sensor array
Correction for direction；
Step S3, complete vertical sensor array correction after, using the formula derived based on Biot-Savart rule into
Row Mathematical needs to be iterated during Mathematical solution according to restrictive condition, to obtain optimal solution, limits
Condition are as follows: (1) the earth magnetism size that each triaxial magnetic field sensor obtained after calculating obtains is equal with direction；(2) it is back-calculated to obtain
Two conducting wires of overhead line electric current answer it is equal in magnitude, it is contrary；Finally, by under restrictive condition successive ignition obtain most
Excellent solution, and estimate the size of electric current.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the process of the formula based on the derivation of Biot-Savart rule is as follows:
It is transmitted electricity for direct current transportation overhead line using positive and negative two conducting wires, the electric current I on the 1st bar of conducting wire1It generates
Magnetic fieldIt can be broken down into the first triaxial magnetic field sensor s1(xs1,ys1,zs1) at vector project, be expressed as
Wherein,
In formula: μ0For space permeability；Bxs1, Bys1, Bzs1For the magnetic field size of three axis of the first triaxial magnetic field sensor, L1s1
For the 1st bar of conducting wire central point at a distance from the first triaxial magnetic field sensor center, θ1s1For the central point and of the 1st bar of conducting wire
The angle of one triaxial magnetic field sensor central junction line and the 1st article of lead location horizontal plane, α1For the first triaxial magnetic field sensor
Xs1The angle of axis and X-axis；
Using superposition theorem, above-mentioned formula is generalized to two conducting wires to the first triaxial magnetic field sensor s1(xs1,ys1,
zs1) vector project, have:
Similarly, the functional relation between i sensor and n conducting wire can be established as corresponding coefficient matrix, coefficient
Matrix can be represented as:
In formula: n takes 1,2, A, B, C be respectively first to third triaxial magnetic field sensor and two conducting wires geometrical relationship square
Battle array；Geometrical relationship matrix and constant (μ0/ 4 π) product can be extended to an invertible matrix P, therefore above-mentioned simplify are as follows:
Bi=PIn
In=P-1Bi。
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, under vertical sensor array is set to any conducting wire of overhead line just
Side.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, to the school of triaxial magnetic field sensor chip interior bias voltage itself
Positive mode are as follows: triaxial magnetic field sensor is placed in using having the ferromagnetic material of high magnetic permeability to be made in shielding body and carry out school
Just, triaxial magnetic field sensor is taken out after the completion of correction.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, to the three of each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor of vertical sensor array
Axis direction school is based on the characteristic that innings cloth space earth magnetism can be evenly distributed, and each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor will sense identical
Earth magnetism, therefore realize according to the ground magnetic component of each each axis of layer triaxial magnetic field sensor three axis sides of each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor
To correction.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the present invention is placed on direct current transportation with can be convenient
In the site environment of route, the convenience and safety of DC current measurement are substantially increased.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is direct current overhead line schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is hardware design figure.
Fig. 3 is flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is specifically described.
A kind of non-contact electric current detecting method for DC power transmission line of the invention, includes the following steps,
Step S1, a vertical sensor array is set below overhead line, and the number of plies of the vertical sensor array is at least
Three layers, every layer is placed the triaxial magnetic field sensor that can measure D.C. magnetic field below overhead line；
Step S2, be corrected to vertical sensor array, correction includes two steps: the first step is three-axle magnetic field sensing
The correction of device chip interior bias voltage itself；Second step is three axis of each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor of vertical sensor array
Correction for direction；
Step S3, complete vertical sensor array correction after, using the formula derived based on Biot-Savart rule into
Row Mathematical needs to be iterated during Mathematical solution according to restrictive condition, to obtain optimal solution, limits
Condition are as follows: (1) the earth magnetism size that each triaxial magnetic field sensor obtained after calculating obtains is equal with direction；(2) it is back-calculated to obtain
Two conducting wires of overhead line electric current answer it is equal in magnitude, it is contrary；Finally, by under restrictive condition successive ignition obtain most
Excellent solution, and estimate the size of electric current.
In step S3, the process of the formula based on the derivation of Biot-Savart rule is as follows:
It is transmitted electricity for direct current transportation overhead line using positive and negative two conducting wires, the electric current I on the 1st bar of conducting wire1It generates
Magnetic fieldIt can be broken down into the first triaxial magnetic field sensor s1(xs1,ys1,zs1) at vector project, be expressed as
Wherein,
In formula: μ0For space permeability；Bxs1, Bys1, Bzs1For the magnetic field size of three axis of the first triaxial magnetic field sensor, L1s1
For the 1st bar of conducting wire central point at a distance from the first triaxial magnetic field sensor center, θ1s1For the central point and of the 1st bar of conducting wire
The angle of one triaxial magnetic field sensor central junction line and the 1st article of lead location horizontal plane, α1For the first triaxial magnetic field sensor
Xs1The angle of axis and X-axis；
Using superposition theorem, above-mentioned formula is generalized to two conducting wires to the first triaxial magnetic field sensor s1(xs1,ys1,
zs1) vector project, have:
Similarly, the functional relation between i sensor and n conducting wire can be established as corresponding coefficient matrix, coefficient
Matrix can be represented as:
In formula: n takes 1,2, A, B, C be respectively first to third triaxial magnetic field sensor and two conducting wires geometrical relationship square
Battle array；Geometrical relationship matrix and constant (μ0/ 4 π) product can be extended to an invertible matrix P, therefore above-mentioned simplify are as follows:
Bi=PIn
In=P-1Bi。
In step S1, vertical sensor array is set to immediately below any conducting wire of overhead line.
In step S2, to the mode of the correction of triaxial magnetic field sensor chip interior bias voltage itself are as follows: by three axis magnetic
Field sensor is placed in be made in shielding body using the ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability and is corrected, by three axis after the completion of correction
Magnetic field sensor takes out.In step S2, the three axis directions correction to each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor of vertical sensor array is
Based on the characteristic that office's cloth space earth magnetism can be evenly distributed, each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor will sense identical earth magnetism, therefore root
The three axis directions correction of each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor is realized according to the ground magnetic component of each each axis of layer triaxial magnetic field sensor.
The following are specific implementation processes of the invention.
The present invention designs a vertical sensor array, the number of plies of this array needs at least three layers, and every layer place one can be with
Measure the triaxial magnetic field sensor of D.C. magnetic field.This vertical sensor array is used to measure the sky of ground level position below overhead line
Between magnetic field, to the anti-size for pushing away electric current.(illustrated as shown in Figure 1 with three layers of sensor array), sensor array is placed in
On level ground, horizontal placing direction and position can be any, but placement position is preferably set under any conducting wire, is facilitated and is surveyed
Amount.In addition, being directed in the circuit design of magnetic field sensor, sensitivity can be improved using certain gain circuitry, using one
A filter circuit inhibits power supply noise to fluctuate to reduce noise figure, and using voltage reference.
According to Fig. 1, each long straight conductor for sensor each in sensor array mathematical model, can first from
Plain conductor starts to analyze to an independent sensor.The distribution of space magnetic field caused by the electric current flowed through on conducting wire can use
Biot-Savart rule is explained.The vector of the Distribution of Magnetic Field in space can be in the throwing for being broken down into three components (X, Y, Z)
Shadow.Since overhead line has n conducting wire, the magnetic field that the electric current I on conducting wire 1 is generatedIt can be broken down into sensor
s1(xs1,ys1,zs1) at vector project, may be expressed as:
Wherein,
In formula: μ0For space permeability；Bxs1, Bys1, Bzs1For the magnetic field size of three axis of the first triaxial magnetic field sensor, L1s1
For the 1st bar of conducting wire central point at a distance from the first triaxial magnetic field sensor center, θ1s1For the central point and of the 1st bar of conducting wire
The angle of one triaxial magnetic field sensor central junction line and the 1st article of lead location horizontal plane, α1For the first triaxial magnetic field sensor
Xs1The angle of axis and X-axis；
Since Biot-Savart rule is a linear relationship, using superposition theorem, above-mentioned formula is generalized to two
Conducting wire is to the first triaxial magnetic field sensor s1(xs1,ys1,zs1) vector project, have:
Similarly, the functional relation between i sensor and n conducting wire can be established as corresponding coefficient matrix, coefficient
Matrix can be represented as:
In formula: n takes 1,2, A, B, C be respectively first to third triaxial magnetic field sensor and two conducting wires geometrical relationship square
Battle array；Geometrical relationship matrix and constant (μ0/ 4 π) product can be extended to an invertible matrix P, therefore above-mentioned simplify are as follows:
Bi=PIn
In=P-1Bi。
Therefore, according to the algorithm above, electric current to be measured can be obtained by way of Mathematical.
Actual hardware builds flow chart as shown in Fig. 2, the magnetic field amount that all magnetic field sensors are obtained passes through centainly
Signal processing after access data collecting card on, data collecting card is connected with host computer.Pass through the algorithm of design in host computer
It is counter to push away real-time current.Alternatively, data can be sent back to host computer via the mode of wireless communication, then carry out after signal processing
Algorithm is counter to push away real-time current.
Then this detection method process is as shown in figure 3, step refinement is as follows:
1) sensor array is corrected first, correction includes two steps, and first step is sensor chip itself
The correction of internal bias voltage.This patent uses the ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability to be fabricated to a means for screening, then passes
Sensor is placed in this means for screening.In the case where shielding external magnetic field, so that accurate sensor internal bias voltage is obtained, and
Bias voltage is deducted in calculating process.
2) second step is the three axis directions correction of each layer sensor of sensor array.Each layer sensor usually has three
The angular deviation of axis direction.The present invention is based on the characteristic that office's cloth space earth magnetism can be evenly distributed, each layer magnetic field sensor will be sensed
To identical earth magnetism.Therefore three axis direction schools of each layer sensor can be realized according to the ground magnetic component of each each axis of layer sensor
Just, this is innovative point of the invention.
3) it after completing aligning step, needs to be solved according to the formula derived above.In this process, first
Need to input aerial line geometry initial value.Since the sag height of overhead line is much smaller than the height of shaft tower, sag height can be neglected
Slightly disregard, therefore corresponding geometry initial value can be set according to the specifications of shaft tower.
4) it needs to be iterated solution according to restrictive condition during Mathematical, to obtain optimal solution.Limitation
Condition is designed to: (1) the earth magnetism size that each magnetic field sensor obtained after calculating obtains is equal with direction；(2) counter to push away
To two conducting wires of overhead line electric current answer it is equal in magnitude, it is contrary.Finally, can be with by the successive ignition under restrictive condition
Geometry value optimal solution is obtained, and estimates the size of electric current by optimal geometric dimension, this is innovative point of the invention.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, all any changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, and generated function is made
When with range without departing from technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of non-contact electric current detecting method for DC power transmission line, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
Step S1, a vertical sensor array is set below overhead line, the number of plies of the vertical sensor array is at least three layers,
Every layer is placed the triaxial magnetic field sensor that can measure D.C. magnetic field below overhead line；
Step S2, vertical sensor array is corrected, correction includes two steps: the first step is triaxial magnetic field sensor sheet
The correction of body chip interior bias voltage；Second step is three axis directions of each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor of vertical sensor array
Correction；In step S2, to the mode of the correction of triaxial magnetic field sensor chip interior bias voltage itself are as follows: pass three-axle magnetic field
Sensor is placed in be made in shielding body using the ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability and is corrected, by three-axle magnetic field after the completion of correction
Sensor takes out；
Step S3, it after the correction for completing vertical sensor array, is counted using the formula derived based on Biot-Savart rule
It learns and solves, need to be iterated solution during Mathematical according to restrictive condition, so that optimal solution is obtained, restrictive condition
Are as follows: (1) the earth magnetism size that each triaxial magnetic field sensor obtained after calculating obtains is equal with direction；(2) frame being back-calculated to obtain
The electric current of two conducting wires of ceases to be busy answer it is equal in magnitude, it is contrary；Finally, by under restrictive condition successive ignition obtain it is optimal
Solution, and estimate the size of electric current；
In step S3, the process of the formula based on the derivation of Biot-Savart rule is as follows:
It is transmitted electricity for direct current transportation overhead line using positive and negative two conducting wires, the electric current I on the 1st bar of conducting wire1The magnetic field of generationIt can be broken down into the first triaxial magnetic field sensor s1(xs1,ys1,zs1) at vector project, be expressed as
Wherein,
In formula: μ0For space permeability；Bxs1, Bys1, Bzs1For the magnetic field size of three axis of the first triaxial magnetic field sensor, L1s1It is the 1st
The central point of bar conducting wire is at a distance from the first triaxial magnetic field sensor center, θ1s1For the central point and the one or three axis of the 1st bar of conducting wire
The angle of magnetic field sensor central junction line and the 1st article of lead location horizontal plane, α1For the x of the first triaxial magnetic field sensors1Axis
With the angle of X-axis；
Using superposition theorem, above-mentioned formula is generalized to two conducting wires to the first triaxial magnetic field sensor s1(xs1,ys1,zs1) arrow
Amount projection, has:
Similarly, the functional relation between i sensor and n conducting wire can be established as corresponding coefficient matrix, coefficient matrix
It can be represented as:
In formula: n takes 1,2, A, B, C be respectively first to third triaxial magnetic field sensor and two conducting wires geometrical relationship matrix；
Geometrical relationship matrix and constant (μ0/ 4 π) product can be extended to an invertible matrix P, therefore above-mentioned simplify are as follows:
Bi=PIn
In=P-1Bi。
2. a kind of non-contact electric current detecting method for DC power transmission line according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step S1, vertical sensor array is set to immediately below any conducting wire of overhead line.
3. a kind of non-contact electric current detecting method for DC power transmission line according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step S2, an innings cloth space earth magnetism is based on to three axis direction schools of each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor of vertical sensor array
The characteristic that can be evenly distributed, each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor will sense identical earth magnetism, therefore be passed according to each layer three-axle magnetic field
The ground magnetic component of each axis of sensor come realize each layer triaxial magnetic field sensor three axis directions correction.
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| CN203643589U (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-06-11 | 国家电网公司 | Three-dimensional magnetic field detection system of power transmission line |
| CN107328980A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-07 | 北京科技大学 | Multicore cable noninvasive current measurement method and measurement apparatus |
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