CN108457406A - A kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception - Google Patents
A kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception Download PDFInfo
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- CN108457406A CN108457406A CN201810301100.6A CN201810301100A CN108457406A CN 108457406 A CN108457406 A CN 108457406A CN 201810301100 A CN201810301100 A CN 201810301100A CN 108457406 A CN108457406 A CN 108457406A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field that photovoltaic and photothermal solar technology and building curtain wall technology are combined, a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component designed based on indoor and outdoor perception of suitable right angle setting as building curtain wall is provided.The architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component is made of several sunny side strip units and several back strip units.Wherein, the sunny side strip unit and back strip unit alternately splice along long side two-by-two, form folding fan surface structure；Wherein, the sunny side strip elemental area is to sunlight incident direction, and the back strip elemental area earthward and can match color；The sunny side strip unit can match color from the photovoltaic element and heat collecting element that sunlight incident direction includes the strip overlapped successively, the strip back side.The architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component can overcome architect not receive the obstacle that building curtain wall is limited to existing building integral photovoltaic photo-thermal alliance component dullness color.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that photovoltaic and photothermal solar technology and building curtain wall technology are combined, more particularly to one
Architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on indoor and outdoor perception design of the kind suitable for right angle setting as building curtain wall.
Background technology
Global year total photovoltaic installation amount is more than 80GW within 2017, and the estimated national photovoltaic installation amount per capita of China was in 2035
More than 1000W and the year two thousand fifty is more than 2000W.When photovoltaic power supply develops into mainstream power supply and the synchronous follow-up of par electricity storage technology
When, intermittent photovoltaic generation can be to the practical cost of impact grid stability and increase long-distance transmission facility, in order to releive this
A little contradictions, global photovoltaic power start planning and divide according to sunshine fact reasonable disposition to power demands high growth region and place
Cloth photovoltaic generation.Because power demands high growth place is often the density of population and the high place of building workshop density, and
Universal building energy consumption accounts for about the 1/3 of social total energy consumption, and the Photovoltaic Building Integration that photovoltaic generation is incorporated in architectural design is point
The inevitable development of cloth photovoltaic industry.Although the idea of Photovoltaic Building Integration was discussed before this century, so far city
Field amount is still low, and development is primarily limited to：(1) contrast and the association of the outer Wall colors and environment that include forms are particular about in architectural design
It adjusts, architect does not receive the deep color limitation of dullness of photovoltaic module；(2) general solar photovoltaic assembly transformation efficiency is current only
Have 18%, photovoltaic module is installed as vertical curtain wall time and is shining into penetrate and wrong leads to partially and again heavy losses unit area photovoltaic module
Generating efficiency, inefficient acquisition solar energy do not generate crucial effect to offsetting building high energy consumption；(3) lack and examined by Interior design of architecture
Consider architecture-integral photovoltaic window structure.
About the deep color limitation of the dullness of photovoltaic module is overcome, the inventions such as Switzerland Ballif in 2016 are in photovoltaic module table
The color sense organ of photovoltaic module under the semi-transparent light-diffusing films adjustment sunshine of face paste, successful presentation include white and any tone
Photovoltaic module [international patent application no PCT/EP2014/057615 and U.S. international patent application no US2016/0064577A1].
But this scheme inevitably reduces sunlight and is converted into the efficiency of electricity and increases production cost.
About low solar energy service efficiency when photovoltaic module being overcome to be installed as vertical curtain wall, other are can refer in building
Effective case of upper acquisition solar energy.The strong area of sunshine, which is widely used roof solar water heater and drops, at present subtracts building energy consumption,
Solar water stove is simply heated up water using coating of metal oxides extinction, and solar energy conversion ratio is reachable or more than 60%, market volume
Amount is also makeed an appointment with current photovoltaic module market.Since photovoltaic cell production cost drastically declines with price, inhaled using photovoltaic cell
It receives that sunshine switchs to electric energy by 18% and remaining 82% solar energy part is used for heat supply by combined solar thermal water stove principle, constitutes total
The photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component of solar energy utilization ratio about 75% is really more suitable for effectively collecting solar energy to offset building high energy consumption
Green Development, but do not have yet so far technical solution can overcome architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component curtain wall color sense organ
Limitation and the incident wrong inclined drawback of sunshine.Such as Yan Fang be authorized equal to 2018 it is entitled " photo-thermal system with building one
The patent of invention [CN 105674590B] of change installation component and installation method " pertains only to photovoltaic or photo-thermal component in building watchcase
Installation and not photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component incorporate include appearance match colors architectural design method.In addition, Wang Zhang members etc. are entitled
The mandate patent of invention of " a kind of photovoltaic and photothermal building integration system " [103986414 B of CN] also pertains only to flat heat and hands over
Parallel operation is connect by hot water pipeline and cold water pipes with photovoltaic and photothermal module, and photovoltaic and photothermal module passes through accumulator and inversion control
Device the connection method of power supply heat supply such as connect with once-through cycle water pump and has no and architectural appearance color and optimization photovoltaic and photothermal are discussed
The efficiency optimization of module collection sunshine.
Consider that architecture-integral photovoltaic window structure, such as Peng Jin minister in ancient times are equal to 2017 by Interior design of architecture about lacking
Be authorized December entitled " one kind is novel to be opened and closed translucent crystal silicon solar double window " [patent of invention CN 206801373
U；Identical application for a patent for invention is being examined] it pertains only to press using " visible light transmittance the is high " crystalline silicon battery plate for being cut into strip
Spacing serial or parallel connection forms the photovoltaic window body component that photovoltaic string Clip is encapsulated in double glazing, this structure uses " visible light with other
The critical defect that transmitance height " photovoltaic cell prepares photovoltaic forms is that actual component solar energy power generating efficiency is less than 10%
And it is difficult to popularize the application for developing low or negative energy consumption building for solar energy architecture-integral.
In sum, should photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component of the photovoltaic and photothermal alliance again after right angle setting meet architect and build
User is built to the indoor and outdoor perception design requirement including serial window and the building forms of curtain Wall windows, especially perception is not only restricted to generally
Photovoltaic and photothermal component dullness color will also have high solar conversion ratio and low cost to recognize by property to promote market, and will building
Watchcase is adopted the electric energy and heat energy that solar energy conversion generates and is directly all melted to support the daily facility of building and function to operate, including building
Perception facility is operated with function, is the efficient developing direction using solar energy and neutralizing building high energy consumption universal at present.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable right angle settings to be designed as building curtain wall based on indoor and outdoor perception
Architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component.The architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component can solve in background technology
Problem overcomes architect not receive building curtain wall and is limited to existing building integral photovoltaic photo-thermal alliance component dullness color
Obstacle, while existing building integral photovoltaic photo-thermal alliance component is compared, with higher electricity conversion.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of building based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception
Integral photovoltaic photo-thermal alliance component, by being formed with lower component：
Several sunny side strip units are converted into electric energy and thermal energy for harvesting sunlight, and by sunlight；And
Several back strip units, as the mounting surface of decorative element or the drafting face of decorative pattern；
Wherein, the sunny side strip unit and back strip unit alternately splice along long side two-by-two, form folding fan face type
Structure；After the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception is installed perpendicular to ground, institute
Sunny side strip elemental area is stated to sunlight incident direction, the back strip elemental area is earthward；The sunny side strip unit is from sun
Light incident direction includes the photovoltaic element and heat collecting element of the strip overlapped successively.
In the technical program, the sunny side strip elemental area is to sunlight incident direction, i.e. sunny side strip unit sloping floor
Heavenwards, in the morning, high noon or, sunny side strip unit harvests the sunlight near vertical incidence the period in the afternoon.Wherein, institute
Photovoltaic element is stated for absorbing solar energy, and is converted solar energy into electrical energy, the heat collecting element is mainly used for absorbing light rapidly
Element generated heat during photoelectric conversion is lied prostrate, photovoltaic element is made to radiate, and then ensures the photoelectric conversion effect of photovoltaic element
Rate will not be reduced because temperature rises.The heat heat radiation that photovoltaic element generates can be prevented to cause Indoor Temperature liter to interior simultaneously.Finally
Thermal energy collected by heat collecting element can be utilized as cleaning thermal energy.
And due to working as the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal component as constructure screen wall after the installation of ground, sun
Towards sunlight incident direction solar absorption efficiency can be improved, and then improve optoelectronic transformation efficiency in the photovoltaic element of face strip unit；
And the visual field of photovoltaic element does not enter ground observation person, therefore the appearance colour of building is not limited by the list of photovoltaic element
Adjust color.Back strip elemental area earthward, can enter the visual field of ground observation person, since back strip unit does not carry photovoltaic
Element, architect can make full use of the part to carry out art of architecture design.The architecture-integral photovoltaic light that the technical program provides
Hot component solves the problems, such as to mention in background technology, breaches solar-photovoltaic technology and architecture-integral obstacle.
Further, the photovoltaic element includes overlapping successively：
Flat glass for light transmission and protects solar battery sheet；
First Plastic Package layer, the front for encapsulating solar battery sheet；
Solar battery sheet；
Second Plastic Package layer, the back side for encapsulating solar battery sheet, and the fixed solar battery sheet is collecting
On thermal element；
And further include the Plastic Package layer of four sides of photovoltaic element；
Wherein, there are the first heat insulation cavity layers between the flat glass and the first Plastic Package layer, for preventing thermal energy
It is scattered and disappeared from side to light by the flat glass, the first heat insulation cavity layer is for vacuum layer or filled with the gas for heat preservation
Body.
In the technical program, the flat glass is for protecting solar battery sheet from mechanical damage, to meet product
Requirement with long service life, and the permeability rate of glass is almost nil, and weatherability is very high, can stop that most of moisture oxygen enters
Component internal；First Plastic Package layer and the second Plastic Package layer are for protecting solar battery sheet effectively power generation in 25~30 years
It is not destroyed and is failed by moisture oxygen during phase.In addition, the remarkable advantage that this improved technology scheme has is：It is set to plane
It is described flat that heat insulation cavity layer between glass and the first Plastic Package layer can prevent thermal energy of the photovoltaic element during running from passing through
Surface glass scatters and disappears from side to light, conducive to the high collection effciency for ensureing architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component and during the cold season
When architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component remain to keep photo-thermal supply.And replace tempering in the prior art using plastics
Encapsulated layer of the glass as solar battery sheet, while protecting solar battery sheet not destroyed and failed by moisture oxygen,
The gross weight for having subtracted photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component also effectively drops.
Further, the back side of the flat glass and/or the front of the first Plastic Package layer are provided with UV Absorption
Layer.In this improved technology scheme, before ultraviolet light reaches the first Plastic Package layer, is absorbed, can prolong by ultraviolet light absorbing layer
Hinder the photo-aging of the first Plastic Package layer.
Further, the heat collecting element includes：
Slab construction, for carrying the photovoltaic element；And
Heat collecting liquid circulation duct is set to the back side of the slab construction.
Further, the reciprocal arrangement form coil pipe type structure of the heat collecting liquid circulation duct detour, and adjacent heat collecting element
Heat collecting liquid circulation duct be interconnected.The heat collecting liquid circulation duct provided using this improved technology scheme, cold liquid is in thermal-arrest
Liquid stream is threaded a pipe the circulation of middle detour, is had the very long thermal-arrest time, can fully be adopted heat, the higher hydrothermal solution of final institute's output temperature.
Adjacent heat collecting element heat collecting liquid circulation duct is connected to form efficient heat-collecting system.
Further, the painting for preventing attached growth of microorganisms is coated on the inner wall of the heat collecting liquid circulation duct
Layer.In this improved technology scheme, by the way that the coating is arranged, heat collecting liquid circulation duct microorganism during long-time service can be prevented
Apposition growth forms biological glued membrane on inner wall, and biogum film resistance is higher, collecting efficiency can be caused to reduce.
Further, the coating is graphite ene coatings or graphene composite material coating.Graphene and graphene are compound
Material can be used as antimicrobial growth material, and have very strong heat conductivility, can further improve the heat collecting liquid
The collecting efficiency of circulation duct.
Further, the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception further includes outer
Shell；The shell includes four side plates, and the both ends of the sunny side strip unit and back strip unit are respectively fixed on described
On two opposed side plates of shell.
Further, the shell further includes the back end plate at the neighbouring heat collecting element back side, the heat collecting element and the back of the body
There are the second heat insulation cavity layers between bottom plate, and the second heat insulation cavity layer is for vacuum layer or filled with the gas for heat preservation.
In this improved technology scheme, the thermal energy that second heat insulation cavity is used to prevent heat collecting element from having acquired scatters and disappears from shady face to room
It is interior.
Further, the back end plate of the shell is transparent panel, and the back strip unit is the transparent of any color of tool
The back side of plate or translucent sheet, the sunny side strip unit has color.In this improved technology scheme, the back end plate of the shell
Translucency, the color of back strip unit and translucency, the sunny side strip unit back side color all be used for building interior
Outer perception design.The architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component that this improved technology scheme is provided is installed as building curtain wall
Afterwards, the light of indoor and outdoor can pass sequentially through back strip unit and the backboard of shell is incident to interior, to ensure that indoor lighting is good
It is good.
Further, any quantity and the LED light of color is arranged in the back strip unit, the sunny side strip unit
Any quantity and the LED light of color is arranged in the back side.In this improved technology scheme, the back strip unit be arranged any quantity with
Indoor and outdoor of the LED coloured silks of any quantity and color for building is arranged in the back side of the LED light of color and the sunny side strip unit
Perception designs.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1, after using the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal component as constructure screen wall right angle setting, on sunny side strip unit
Photovoltaic element towards sunlight incident direction, the visual field without entering ground observation person, therefore the appearance colour of building will not
It is limited to the dull color of photovoltaic element.Back strip elemental area earthward, can enter the visual field of ground observation person, due to the back
Strip unit does not carry the deep and dull photovoltaic element of color, and architect can make full use of the part to carry out the art of architecture and set
Meter, the color perception of back strip unit produce after being determined according to architect's design requirement.The photovoltaic that the technical program provides
Component solves the problems, such as to mention in background technology, breaches solar-photovoltaic technology and architecture-integral obstacle.
2, after the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal component is as constructure screen wall right angle setting, outdoor light passes through component
Plate glass, translucency back strip unit, translucency package shell backboard are incident to interior, it is ensured that indoor lighting well and
Landscape outside indoor ornamental room.
3, when the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal component is as constructure screen wall right angle setting, architect can be by component institute
State the indoor and outdoor perception of the color at the sunny side strip unit back side and the Color Scheme building of back strip unit.
4, when the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal component is as constructure screen wall right angle setting, architect can be by component institute
State back strip unit and any quantity and the LED light of color be set, the back side of the sunny side strip unit be arranged any quantity with
The LED light of color is with the indoor and outdoor perception of design building.
5, the photovoltaic element of sunny side strip unit is towards sky sunlight incident ray, and photovoltaic and photothermal functional efficiency is because of face sun
Light and promoted, total solar absorptance is more than 70%.
6, wisdom energy management when photovoltaic and photothermal co-feeding system facilitates comprehensive building to use with its architecture-integral, it is high
Effect lowers building additional thermal energy demand using photo-thermal supplying hot water and heating, and summer utilizes the collecting system of photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component
Caused by the efficient heat exchange of overall water utilities system progress with building can reduce air conditioner refrigerating energy consumption and photovoltaic cell is avoided to heat up
Power supply weakens, and efficiently utilizes the degradable related photovoltaic generation storage of photovoltaic generation rule substantially synchronous to air conditioning electricity and air-conditioning
Peak value power consumption.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly introduced, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as to model
The restriction enclosed for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other relevant drawings.
Fig. 1 show a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance designed based on indoor and outdoor perception of the offer of embodiment 1
The front view of component.
Fig. 2 show in Fig. 1 architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component along the sectional view of line A-A.
Fig. 3 show the structural schematic diagram of photovoltaic element described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 show the structural schematic diagram of heat collecting element described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 show the sectional view of sunny side strip unit described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 show the sectional view of another heat collecting element described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 show a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance designed based on indoor and outdoor perception described in embodiment 2
The structural schematic diagram of component.
Fig. 8 show a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance designed based on indoor and outdoor perception described in embodiment 3
The structural schematic diagram of component.
Fig. 9 show another architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal connection for designing based on indoor and outdoor perception described in embodiment 3
For the structural schematic diagram of component.
Figure label explanation：
100- sunny side strip units；110- photovoltaic elements；111- flat glass；112- the first Plastic Package layers；113- is too
Positive energy cell piece；114- the second Plastic Package layers；115- photovoltaic element shells；116- the first heat insulation cavity layers；117- ultraviolet lights
Absorbed layer；120- heat collecting elements；121- slab constructions；122- heat collecting liquid circulation ducts；123- coatings；200- back strip lists
Member；300- shells；400- the second heat insulation cavity layers；500-LED lamps.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clearly complete
Description.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.Base
In the embodiment of the present invention, every other implementation that those skilled in the art are obtained under the premise of no creative work
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
It please refers to Fig.1 and Fig. 2, present embodiments provides a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic light designed based on indoor and outdoor perception
Hot alliance component.The architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component includes that several sunny side strip units 100 and several backs are long
Unit 200.The sunny side strip unit 100 converts sunlight to electric energy and thermal energy for harvesting sunlight.Described the moon
Face strip unit 200 is as the mounting surface of decorative element or the drafting face of decorative pattern.
Wherein, the sunny side strip unit 100 and back strip unit 200 alternately splice along long side two-by-two, form folding
Fan surface structure；When the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception is installed perpendicular to ground
Afterwards, the sunny side strip unit 100 is towards sunlight incident direction, and the back strip unit 200 is towards ground；The sunny side is long
Unit 100 includes the photovoltaic element 110 and heat collecting element 120 of the strip overlapped successively from sunlight incident direction.It should be understood that
, the sunny side strip unit 100 is towards sunlight incident direction, i.e. 100 sloping floor heavenwards of sunny side strip unit, upper
Noon, high noon or, the sunlight of the harvesting of sunny side strip unit 100 near vertical incidence the period in the afternoon.
As an example, existing photovoltaic cell can be selected in the photovoltaic element 110, and the heat collecting element 120 can be selected existing
Snakelike water cooled pipeline having etc. can be used bonding mode and overlap, is overlapped into tool between photovoltaic element 110 and heat collecting element 120
There is the long strip-board shape structure of certain mechanical strength.The back strip unit 200 can be selected transparent or nontransparent plastic plate or
Other planks, 200 surface of back strip unit can coat coloured coating, or setting decorative element, such as LED light.Sunny side is long
It is connected using connectors such as screws between unit 100 and back strip unit 200, or bonding, splicing between the two
Angle can be limited to 60 ° to 120 °, wherein preferably 90 °.The example above is only one kind in a variety of embodiments, is not used in
Limit the present invention.
In use, the photovoltaic element 110 is used to absorb solar energy, and convert solar energy into electrical energy, the thermal-arrest member
Part 120 is mainly used for absorbing the generated heat during photoelectric conversion of photovoltaic element 110 rapidly, and photovoltaic element 110 is made to radiate,
And then ensure that the electricity conversion of photovoltaic element 110 will not be reduced because temperature rises.Photovoltaic element 110 can be prevented to generate simultaneously
Heat heat radiation causes Indoor Temperature liter to interior.Thermal energy collected by final heat collecting element 120 can be sharp as cleaning thermal energy
With.Since back strip unit 200 is towards ground, the visual field of ground observation person can be entered, since back strip unit 200 is not taken
The deep and dull photovoltaic element of color is carried, architect can make full use of the part to carry out art of architecture design, back strip list
The color perception of member 200 produces after being determined according to architect's design requirement.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 3, is based on above-mentioned architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component, further, the photovoltaic member
Part 110 may particularly include the flat glass 111 overlapped successively, the first Plastic Package layer 112, solar battery sheet 113 and second
Plastic Package layer 114, the photovoltaic element 110 further include photovoltaic element shell 115.Wherein flat glass 111 is used for light transmission simultaneously
Protect solar battery sheet 113；First Plastic Package layer 112 is used to encapsulate the front of solar battery sheet 113；Second plastic seal
Dress layer 114 is used to encapsulate the back side of solar battery sheet 113, and the fixed solar battery sheet 113 is in heat collecting element 120
On；The photovoltaic element shell 115 includes four side plates, for being 110 edge sealing of photovoltaic element.Also, the flat glass 111
There are the first heat insulation cavity layers 116 between the first Plastic Package layer 112, for preventing thermal energy from passing through the flat glass 111
It scatters and disappears from side to light, the first heat insulation cavity layer 116 is for vacuum layer or filled with the gas for heat preservation.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic element 110 selects Plastic Package to replace tempered glass commonly used in the prior art to encapsulate, purpose
Be advantageous in that：Compared to tempered glass, the density smaller of plastics is conducive to the gross weight of control assembly, and important ask is taken when reducing installation
With installation rear load-bearing requirement.Plastic Package is selected to replace tempered glass commonly used in the prior art encapsulation that there is feasibility, reason
It is that tempered glass is used to protect cell piece from mechanical damage as encapsulated layer in the prior art, while for preventing moisture oxygen
Gas degradation corrosion encapsulation adhesive layer and solar battery sheet 113, and in the present embodiment, in existing flat glass 111 for keeping away
Under the premise of exempting from solar battery sheet 113 by mechanical damage, optional Plastic Package is only used for isolation moisture oxygen.Although with
Glass is compared, and the weatherability of Plastic Package is not high, but existing flat glass 111 can completely cut off most of moisture oxygen, seldom
Moisture oxygen permeable to component internal, Plastic Package can completely cut off this some moisture oxygen completely.
As an example, but it is not limited to the citing, tempered glass, the thickness of tempered glass can be selected in the flat glass 111
It is 2~5mm to control, and preferably 3.2mm.Nitrogen or argon gas can be filled in first heat insulation cavity layer 116, select nitrogen or argon gas
It is advantageous in that nitrogen and the cost of argon gas are relatively low, chemical property is stable, nothing fires danger, and the heat insulation effect of nitrogen and argon gas
It meets the requirements, the nitrogen insulating layer of wherein 3mm thickness can keep 121 DEG C of the temperature difference under standard sunshine.Encapsulate solar battery sheet 113
When positive, the first Plastic Package layer 112 can be selected light transmission waterproof plastic and add viscose.As an example, the light transmission waterproof modeling
Material can be selected the encapsulating materials such as polymethyl methacrylate layers, polystyrene layer or Polycarbonate Layer, thickness control 0.5~
1.0mm.Above-mentioned three kinds of materials all have high translucency, and the density of three kinds of materials is respectively 1.18g/cm3、1.05g/cm3
And 1.20g/cm3, it is much smaller than the density 2.5g/cm of tempered glass3.Above-mentioned three kinds of materials, 3mm thickness is selected about may be used per square meter
Reduce 4kg weight.It should be appreciated that the selection of the light transmission waterproof plastic is not limited to the example above, such as can also select
Select styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer nitrile layer, transparent polyamide layer etc..As an example, the viscose can be selected EVA glue and make, and EVA glue prevents light transmission
Water Plastic Package is in 113 front of solar battery sheet.EVA glue is selected to be advantageous in that it is strong with adhesion strength, durability is good, light
The advantages that permeability is good.When encapsulating 113 back side of solar battery sheet, the second Plastic Package layer 114 can be selected and stack gradually
Waterproof plastic, electrically insulating plastic material add viscose.As an example, waterproof film, the electrically insulating plastic material can be selected in the waterproof plastic
Heat-conducting plastic can be selected, EVA glue can be selected in the viscose, and monoblock photovoltaic element 110 is fixedly bonded to heat collecting element by EVA glue
On 120.
As an example, the solar battery sheet 113 preferably uses thin film solar cell sheet.It is wherein more preferably thin with CIGS
Film solar cell piece or CdTe thin film solar battery sheet, compared with other kinds of solar battery sheet, CIGS thin film is too
Positive energy cell piece or CdTe thin film solar battery sheet are advantageous in that photovoltaic conversion ratio fall is too than crystal silicon in heating
Positive energy battery is low and production strip battery cost is also lower than crystal silicon solar batteries, and selects thin film solar cell sheet
It is frivolous to be advantageous in that it has the advantages that, can further control the gross weight of the photovoltaic and photothermal component.It should be appreciated that described
Solar battery sheet 113 can still select crystal-silicon battery slice, and crystal-silicon battery slice is selected to be advantageous in that it in easy city
There is higher space of demanding a lower price under the situation of field.
In view of the first Plastic Package layer 112 can aggravate rate of ageing under the action of ultraviolet light, in order to avoid the first modeling
Expect the premature aging during 25~30 years effective power generation phases of solar battery sheet 113 of encapsulated layer 112, in the present embodiment, institute
Ultraviolet light absorbing layer 117 can be arranged in the front at the back side and/or the first Plastic Package layer 112 of stating flat glass 111, please refer to figure
Shown in 3.It as an example, can be by the first Plastic Package layer 112 front surface coated, one layer of ultra-violet absorber, to form the purple
The thickness control of outer light absorbing layer 117, coating is advisable in 0.01~0.15mm.And because ultraviolet light absorbing layer 117 is set
In the surface of the first Plastic Package layer 112, the ultraviolet of absorption can converted to thermal energy by being conducive to ultraviolet light absorbing layer 117
Afterwards, thermal energy is transferred to by 110 heat of photovoltaic element in heat collecting element 120, advanced optimizes the full spectrum collecting efficiency of solar energy.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, is based on above-mentioned architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component, further, the collection
Thermal element 120 may particularly include 121 sum aggregate hydrothermal solution circulation duct 122 of slab construction.Wherein, slab construction 121 is for carrying institute
Photovoltaic element 110 is stated, heat collecting liquid circulation duct 122 is set to the back side of the slab construction 121.
As an example, the reciprocal arrangement form coil pipe type structure of 122 detour of heat collecting liquid circulation duct.For using above-mentioned
The heat collecting liquid circulation duct 122 of arrangement mode, cold water detour in heat collecting liquid circulation duct 122 circulate, and have very long thermal-arrest
Time can fully adopt heat, the higher hot water of final institute's output temperature.It is whole after installation is complete in order to make the photovoltaic and photothermal component
A building wall plane system constitutes efficient heat-collecting system, and the heat collecting liquid circulation duct 122 of adjacent heat collecting element 120 is preferably mutual
Connection.
As an example, the heat collecting element 120 can be made of aluminium, magnesium, aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy, or oxidized by surface
Aluminium, magnesium, aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy afterwards is made.Above-mentioned material has the characteristics that body is light, mechanicalness is excellent etc., and aluminium and magnesium surface are through oxygen
There is corrosion-resistant and tracking-resistant characteristic after change.Wherein preferably use aluminum pipe, the oxidized coloring treatment of aluminum tube surfaces abundant to show
Colorful color, conducive to the design space of construction aesthetic perception is further increased.
After long-term use in view of the heat collecting liquid circulation duct 122, the easy attached microbial of inner wall, microorganism growth
Breeding forms biological glued membrane.And the thermal resistance of biological glued membrane is higher, can reduce the collecting efficiency of heat collecting element 120, in order to simplify collection
The repair of thermal element 120 simultaneously extends its service life, can be coated on the inner wall of heat collecting liquid circulation duct 122 for preventing micro- life
The coating 123 of object apposition growth, please refers to shown in Fig. 6.As an example, graphene layer or graphene can be selected in the coating 123
Composite layer, graphene have antibacterial and resist other microbial growth characteristics.It is graphene coated or graphene composite material
Benefit is not only in that antibacterial, also reside in graphene have high thermal coefficient (3000~5000W/mk), far above gold,
Silver, copper, aluminium etc. are conducive to the collecting efficiency for improving heat collecting liquid circulation duct 122.It should be appreciated that described for preventing micro- life
The coating 123 of object apposition growth can also there are many other selections, such as using organosilicon modified crylic acid resin as film forming matter, with
Silver-carrying nano particle is fungicide, the microorganism coating being prepared.
Embodiment 2：
It please refers to shown in Fig. 7, present embodiments provides a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic light designed based on indoor and outdoor perception
Hot alliance component, including all technical characteristics described in embodiment 1.Include additionally shell 300, the shell 300 includes
The shell 300 is respectively fixed at the both ends of four side plates, the sunny side strip unit 100 and back strip unit 200
On two opposed side plates.
As an example, the sunny side strip unit 100 can be solid by bonding mode with the both ends of back strip unit 200
Due on the side plate of the shell 300.Or two opposed side plate interior sides of the shell 300 are provided with several pieces of overlap joints
Plate, every piece of sunny side strip unit 100 and back strip unit 200 are placed on respectively on the lapping plate, then utilize screw etc.
Sunny side strip unit 100 is fixedly connected by connector with lapping plate, and back strip unit 200 is fixedly connected with lapping plate.
Embodiment 3：
It please refers to shown in Fig. 8, present embodiments provides a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic light designed based on indoor and outdoor perception
Hot alliance component, including all technical characteristics described in embodiment 2.In addition, the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance group
The shell 300 of part further includes backboard.The folding fan piece knot that the sunny side strip unit 100 and back strip unit 200 are spliced to form
There are the second heat insulation cavity layer 400 between structure and the backboard, the second heat insulation cavity layer 400 is that vacuum layer or filling are useful
In the gas of heat preservation.
In the present embodiment, second heat insulation cavity is for preventing the thermal energy that heat collecting element 120 has acquired from being dissipated from shady face
It loses to interior.As an example, nitrogen or argon gas can be selected in the gas for heat preservation.
It please participate in shown in Fig. 9, be based on above-mentioned architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component, further, the shell 300
Backboard transparent panel can be selected, transparent panel can also be used in the back strip unit 200.As an example, the transparent panel is optional
With polymethyl methacrylate plate, polystyrene board or polycarbonate plate.Further, the back of the body of the sunny side strip unit 100
LED light 500 can be arranged in face.Using architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component shown in Fig. 9 as building curtain wall, the light of indoor and outdoor
Line can pass sequentially through back strip unit 200 and the backboard of shell 300 is incident to interior, to ensure that indoor lighting is good.And
The light of LED light 500 enhances each other's beauty with transparent panel, forms the beautiful user individual indoor design of color.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art can easily think of the change or the replacement in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, all should
Cover within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception, which is characterized in that by with lower part
Part forms：
Several sunny side strip units are converted into electric energy and thermal energy for harvesting sunlight, and by sunlight；And
Several back strip units, as the mounting surface of decorative element or the drafting face of decorative pattern；
Wherein, the sunny side strip unit and back strip unit alternately splice along long side two-by-two, form folding fan surface structure；
After the architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception is installed perpendicular to ground, the sunny side
Strip elemental area is to sunlight incident direction, and the back strip elemental area is earthward；The sunny side strip unit is incident from sunlight
Direction includes the photovoltaic element and heat collecting element of the strip overlapped successively.
2. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the photovoltaic element includes overlapping successively：
Flat glass for light transmission and protects solar battery sheet；
First Plastic Package layer, the front for encapsulating solar battery sheet；
Solar battery sheet；
Second Plastic Package layer, the back side for encapsulating solar battery sheet, and the fixed solar battery sheet are in thermal-arrest member
On part；
And further include the Plastic Package layer of four sides of photovoltaic element；
Wherein, there are the first heat insulation cavity layers between the flat glass and the first Plastic Package layer, for preventing thermal energy from passing through
The flat glass scatters and disappears from side to light, and the first heat insulation cavity layer is for vacuum layer or filled with the gas for heat preservation.
3. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the back side of the flat glass and/or the front of the first Plastic Package layer are provided with ultraviolet light absorbing layer.
4. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the heat collecting element includes：
Slab construction, for carrying the photovoltaic element；And
Heat collecting liquid circulation duct is set to the back side of the slab construction.
5. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the reciprocal arrangement form coil pipe type structure of heat collecting liquid circulation duct detour, and the thermal-arrest of adjacent heat collecting element
Liquid stream is threaded a pipe interconnected.
6. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, being coated with the coating for preventing attached growth of microorganisms on the inner wall of the heat collecting liquid circulation duct.
7. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that, the coating is graphite ene coatings or graphene composite material coating.
8. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that component further includes shell；The shell includes the back end plate of four side plates and neighbouring heat collecting element, the sunny side
The both ends of strip unit and back strip unit are respectively fixed on two opposed side plates of the shell；The thermal-arrest
There are the second heat insulation cavity layer between element and the back end plate, the second heat insulation cavity layer is vacuum layer or filled with being used for
The gas of heat preservation.
9. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 8,
It is characterized in that, the back end plate of the shell is transparent panel, the back strip unit is transparent panel or translucent sheet, the sun
The back side of face strip unit has color.
10. a kind of architecture-integral photovoltaic and photothermal alliance component based on the design of indoor and outdoor perception according to claim 9,
It is characterized in that, any quantity and the LED light of color is arranged in the back strip unit, the back side of the sunny side strip unit is set
Set any quantity and the LED light of color.
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| CN201810301100.6A CN108457406B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Building integrated photovoltaic photo-thermal combined supply assembly based on indoor appearance design |
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