CN108456430B - 一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，包括组份质量份：基础油78‑85份，复合增稠剂9‑12份，阻燃剂0.8‑1.5份，抗氧化剂0.5‑0.8份；基础油为加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，质量比为2‑2.5:3‑4.2；复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为5‑6:7‑8；阻燃剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯和纳米锡粉，质量比为90‑100:0.15‑0.2。本发明解决了光缆易燃以及燃烧释放大量毒烟毒气的技术问题，提供一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，添加高分子反应型阻燃剂，不含卤系阻燃剂，发烟量低，不影响油膏性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光缆材料技术领域，尤其是涉及一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏。
背景技术
光缆在长期使用过程中，由于潮气和水分的侵蚀，会导致传输性能下降，影响其正常使用。光缆生产中，缆芯的阻水材料主要有两大类：一类为阻水填充油膏，另一类为阻水带、阻水纱。由于光缆阻水填充油膏在生产中能起到较好的防水、防潮、缓冲和粘结作用，可靠性好，维护方便，因此在光缆生产中得到广泛应用。光缆填充油膏从实用功能来分为纤膏和缆膏，光缆填充油膏是光缆生产中要材料之一，它填充于光缆松套管、缆芯、缆芯与护套之间，起密封、防水、隔潮、应力缓冲保护和其他辅助作用，保护光纤不受环境中水分侵蚀，防止水分渗入光缆。
现有的油膏中由于主成分为油性物质，十分易燃，且火势蔓延极快。一旦光缆发生火情，会对通信设施和人身财产安全带来极大的威胁。因此，为确保要求低烟、无卤阻燃场所的通信设备及网络的可靠运行，必须切实解决光电缆遇火燃烧、滴落所造成的火灾隐患，以及光电缆在燃烧火灾中易释放大量黑色浓烟和有毒气体，造成二次环境污染和人员逃离困难等问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，解决了光缆易燃以及燃烧释放大量毒烟毒气的技术问题，提供一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，添加高分子反应型阻燃剂，不影响油膏主要性能，不含卤系阻燃剂，不易燃烧，发烟量低，烟雾毒性小。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，包括组份质量份：
基础油78-85份，
复合增稠剂9-12份，
阻燃剂0.8-1.5份，
抗氧化剂0.5-0.8份；
所述基础油为加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，质量比为2-2.5:3-4.2；
所述复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为5-6:7-8；
所述阻燃剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯和纳米锡粉，质量比为90-100:0.15-0.2。
进一步地，所述抗氧化剂为特丁基对苯二酚。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏依据热交联阻燃原理，采用三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯作为热交联剂，属于高分子反应型阻燃剂，当油膏温度升高后，热交联剂发生交联，阻碍易燃的低分子物质释放，阻燃及时高效；纳米锡粉作为交联催化剂，纳米级催化剂可以均匀分散于膏体中，相容性好，不会导致油膏基础性能下降；增稠剂选择复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，该复合增稠剂作为油性物的增稠、流变性调节剂，基本能与所有活性物配伍而效能不发生变化，随着在油性物质中添加量的增减，产品的稠度具有极大的可塑性，增稠后之产品具有极强的稳定性，摄氏100度以下不会产生分层现象，常温下不会产生返稀现象；基础油选择加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，饱和烃含量高，热氧化稳定性优良，挥发度低，粘温性能良好，与光缆材料相容性好。
本发明的低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏对材料的物理性能影响较小，使用后制造的阻燃油膏物理基础性能不会变差，部分性能还得到了显著改善；该阻燃油膏相容性好，各成分均匀分散；将本阻燃油膏80℃下烘烤24h，完全不滴流；加工工艺可行，应用传统的工艺可以使用。
本发明的低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏有显著的阻燃效果，LOI达到50％以上，阻燃性能的测试结果普遍高于参考标准，不易燃烧；释放烟雾量极少，烟密度很低，烟雾毒性微小；油膏完全不含卤素成分，高温不滴流，可适用于室内或者人口密集场所，环保性能好。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，包括组份质量份：基础油78份，复合增稠剂9份，阻燃剂0.8份，抗氧化剂0.5份。
所述基础油为加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，质量比为2:3；所述复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为5:7；所述阻燃剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯和纳米锡粉，质量比为90:0.15，其中三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯为热交联剂，纳米锡粉为催化剂；抗氧化剂为特丁基对苯二酚。
实施例1低发烟量阻燃光缆阻燃性能表：
实施例2
一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，包括组份质量份：基础油80份，复合增稠剂10份，阻燃剂1.1份，抗氧化剂0.6份。
所述基础油为加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，质量比为2.1:3.4；所述复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为5.4:7.3；所述阻燃剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯和纳米锡粉，质量比为93:0.17，其中三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯为热交联剂，纳米锡粉为催化剂；抗氧化剂为特丁基对苯二酚。
实施例2低发烟量阻燃光缆阻燃性能表：
实施例3
一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，包括组份质量份：基础油82份，复合增稠剂11份，阻燃剂1.3份，抗氧化剂0.7份。
所述基础油为加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，质量比为2.3:3-3.8；所述复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为5.7:7.7；所述阻燃剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯和纳米锡粉，质量比为97:0.19，其中三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯为热交联剂，纳米锡粉为催化剂；抗氧化剂为特丁基对苯二酚。
实施例3低发烟量阻燃光缆阻燃性能表：
实施例4
一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，包括组份质量份：基础油85份，复合增稠剂12份，阻燃剂1.5份，抗氧化剂0.8份。
所述基础油为加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，质量比为2.5:4.2；所述复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为6:8；所述阻燃剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯和纳米锡粉，质量比为100:0.2，其中三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯为热交联剂，纳米锡粉为催化剂；抗氧化剂为特丁基对苯二酚。
实施例4低发烟量阻燃光缆阻燃性能表：
综合实施例测试结果，本发明的低发烟量阻燃光缆有显著的阻燃效果，LOI达到50％以上，阻燃性能的测试结果普遍高于参考标准；释放烟雾量极少，烟密度很低，烟雾毒性微小，完全不含卤素成分。
各实施例低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏主要特性表：
本发明的低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏对材料的物理性能影响较小，部分性能还得到了显著改善；将本阻燃油膏80℃下烘烤24h，完全不滴流。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换，只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (1)
1.一种低发烟量阻燃光缆油膏，其特征在于:包括组份质量份：
基础油 78-85份，
复合增稠剂 9-12份，
阻燃剂 0.8-1.5份，
抗氧化剂 0.5-0.8份；
所述基础油为加氢石蜡基油/加氢环烷基油混合油，质量比为2-2.5:3-4.2；
所述复合增稠剂为聚丙烯酰胺/脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为5-6:7-8；
所述阻燃剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯和纳米锡粉，质量比为90-100:0.15-0.2；
所述抗氧化剂为特丁基对苯二酚。
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| CN101456987A (zh) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-06-17 | 临海市亚东特种电缆料厂 | 光伏电缆用无卤阻燃绝缘料 |
| CN102731917A (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏德威新材料股份有限公司 | 一种硅烷自交联无卤低烟阻燃弹性料及其制备方法 |
| CN103788519A (zh) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-14 | 安徽华海特种电缆集团有限公司 | 一种耐高温矿用电缆护套材料 |
| CN105176104A (zh) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-23 | 国网山东郯城县供电公司 | 一种光缆填充油膏 |
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| CN101456987A (zh) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-06-17 | 临海市亚东特种电缆料厂 | 光伏电缆用无卤阻燃绝缘料 |
| CN102731917A (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏德威新材料股份有限公司 | 一种硅烷自交联无卤低烟阻燃弹性料及其制备方法 |
| CN103788519A (zh) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-14 | 安徽华海特种电缆集团有限公司 | 一种耐高温矿用电缆护套材料 |
| CN105176104A (zh) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-23 | 国网山东郯城县供电公司 | 一种光缆填充油膏 |
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