CN108454210A - 一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料 - Google Patents

一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料 Download PDF

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CN108454210A
CN108454210A CN201810306773.0A CN201810306773A CN108454210A CN 108454210 A CN108454210 A CN 108454210A CN 201810306773 A CN201810306773 A CN 201810306773A CN 108454210 A CN108454210 A CN 108454210A
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thermal insulation
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陈舟
刘伟兰
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Wuhu Ju Innovative Materials Co.,Ltd.
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陈舟
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating

Abstract

本发明公开一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料，其特征在于由六层结构组成，分别是表面层、热封层、抗拉隔热层、金属箔层、抗拉隔热层、金属箔层。表面层由热塑性聚氨酯或橡塑材料组成、热封层由金属线性低密度聚乙烯或聚氯乙烯组成、抗拉隔热层由聚对苯二甲酸二乙醇酯组成、金属箔层由铝箔或铜箔组成，抗拉隔热层和金属箔层反复交替两次，各层之间通过用滚轮热焊法对各单层薄膜进行热层压而成。该膜材料具有高拉伸强度、高隔温阻热、抗电磁干扰的性能，可作为具有电磁屏蔽要求的保温材料，如用在特殊要求的墙体中，既可隔热保温，又能起到电磁屏蔽的作用。

Description

一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料
技术领域
本发明专利涉及一种多层膜材料，尤其是涉及一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料。
背景资料
作为目前世界上先进的高效环保节能材料，由填充芯材和真空保温膜材料复合而成的真空绝热板，有效地避免空气对流引起的热传递，其导热系数小于0.003W/(m·k)，可广泛用于冰箱、电热水器、冷藏集装箱和建筑墙体保温等领域。同其他材料相比，真空绝热板以其极低的导热系数，在保温技术要求相同时膜材料具有厚度薄、重量轻的优点，在节能环保领域中具有很高的经济竞争优势。然而随着真空绝热板应用领域的扩展，尤其在电子工业和电子产品中的应用也日趋广泛。因此，对于真空绝热板中的膜材料在抗电磁辐射和电磁干扰方面也提出了新的要求。
电磁屏蔽材料一般分为填充复合型和表层导电型两类。其中填充复合型屏蔽材料的典型代表是导电塑料，例如将石墨混入高铝水泥经加压、加温固化成型的材料，这类材料屏蔽效能低、成本高、不宜广泛采用。后者主要包括导电涂料、化学镀金、高温喷镀、贴金属箔、金属溶射等，其成本低、简单实用且适用面广，导电涂料一般只能达到中等电磁屏蔽效能(SE＝30～60dB)的水平。而贴金属箔复合屏蔽材料一般利用铝箔、铜箔和不锈钢箔等塑料薄板、薄片和薄膜经层压制成复合材料，作为软质和硬质的屏蔽材料。金属箔可加在两层塑料之间，其优点是粘结强度高、导电性能优良，屏蔽效果可高达50-70dB。
申请号为CN201610291009.1的专利公开了一种利用真空绝热板的保温结构以及冰箱，其特征在于由两层保护层、一层真空绝热板、一层发泡绝热层以及真空绝热板和发泡绝热层之间的弹性材料层组成。尽管结构可以避免变形和脱粘现象的发生，但是由于选用材料本身的限制，以及真空绝热板保温结构的厚度很高，极大的限制了此保温结构仅适用于冰箱这一单一的应用领域，而对于具有特殊性能要求的领域或是多重一体化性能要求的领域，此结构将无法满足要求。
由二氧化硅或玻璃纤维棉芯材和膜材料经过热封、抽真空后的真空绝热板，可应用于墙体保温、冰箱冷藏车等多种领域。真空绝热板作为新型高效节能环保材料，其应用领域和范围正在不断扩大，尤其是对于具有电磁屏蔽的特殊要求，可以充分发挥材料的双重优异性能。若在热压形成的膜材料中添加金属层薄膜，则可兼具抗电磁干扰的作用，从而拓宽真空绝热板的应用领域，如用于具有保密性质的单位墙体结构中或对保温隔热和电磁屏蔽具有双重要求的产品中。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明公开一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料，其特征在于由六层结构组成，分别是表面层、热封层、抗拉隔热层、金属箔层、抗拉隔热层、金属箔层。厚度约0.5～2mm，真空绝热板的膜材料具有极高的隔热性能，同时金属箔片的作用使其兼具电磁屏蔽的效能。本发明所述的真空绝热膜材料，各层通过用滚轮热焊法对各单层薄膜进行热层压而成，根据各层薄膜的厚度不同选用不同的热压温度和压力负荷。表面层10由热塑性聚氨酯或橡塑材料组成，优先选用热塑性聚氨酯材料，作为膜材料最外层，具有提高其机械性能、耐热、耐磨性和耐化学的特性，厚度约为140～320μm；热封层20由金属线性低密度聚乙烯或聚氯乙烯组成，优先选用金属线性低密度聚乙烯，作为热封烫合的特性，厚度约为80～280μm；抗拉隔热层30由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或陶瓷纤维棉材料组成，优先选用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯材料，具有提高膜材料抗拉强度和隔温阻热的性能，厚度约为60～260μm；金属箔层40由铝箔或铜箔组成，优先选用铝箔，具有增强膜材料韧性、隔热和抗电磁辐射的性能，厚度约为30～50μm；抗拉隔热层50与30作用相同，具有二次提高拉伸强度和隔温阻热的作用，厚度约为60～260μm；金属箔层60与40作用相同，二次提高抗电磁辐射的作用，厚度约为30～50μm。
抗拉隔热层和金属箔层对提高膜材料的抗拉性、韧性、隔热性、抗电磁辐射的性能起着重要的作用，且在膜材料中反复使用两次的性能指数更好，而金属箔层相对较低的厚度下即可实现对膜材料的高电磁屏蔽功能。当电磁波频率为1GHz时，厚度仅为30μm的铝箔的屏蔽效能参数达到70dB，而屏蔽效能增量可达13dB。另外，本发明的多层膜材料结构的界面作用，使得材料的固有电阻增加，从而电磁在界面的传输过程中也会受到衰减。
本发明优点在于：(1)层压工艺简单，采用滚轮热焊法进行热压即可；(2)膜材料的多层结构具有极高的隔温阻热性能；(3)金属铝箔的加入兼具电磁屏蔽功能，增加膜材料的产品应用范围；(4)各层材料性能相互补充，避免了单一材料的缺点，共同发挥作用。
附图说明
图1具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料示意图
图中10为表面层，20为热封层，30为抗拉隔热层，40为金属箔层，50为抗拉隔热层，60为金属箔层。
图2屏蔽效能(SE)与频率(f)的关系:(a)单一材料,(b)真空绝热多层膜材料
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定。
实施例1
表面层10选用热塑性聚氨酯材料，厚度为200μm；热封层20选用金属线性低密度聚乙烯，厚度为180μm；抗拉隔热层30选用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯材料，厚度为160μm；金属箔层40选用铝箔，厚度为50μm；抗拉隔热层50选用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯材料，厚度为160μm；金属箔层60选用铝箔，厚度为50μm。材料通过滚轮热层压制成，热压温度选用120℃，压力5×107Pa。
实施例2
表面层10选用橡塑材料，厚度为260μm；热封层20选用金属线性低密度聚乙烯，厚度为180μm；抗拉隔热层30选用陶瓷纤维棉材料，厚度为190μm；金属箔层40选用铝箔，厚度为30μm；抗拉隔热层50选用陶瓷纤维棉材料，厚度为140μm；金属箔层60选用铝箔，厚度为30μm。材料通过滚轮热层压制成，热压温度选用150℃，压力2×108Pa。
上述仅为本发明的几个具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护的范围的行为。

Claims (6)

1.一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的真空绝热膜材料，其特征在于由六层结构组成，分别为表面层、热封层、抗拉隔热层、金属箔层、抗拉隔热层、金属箔层，各层之间通过用滚轮热焊法对各单层薄膜进行热层压而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述，其特征在于表面层由热塑性聚氨酯或橡塑材料组成，厚度约为140～320μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述，其特征在于热封层由金属线性低密度聚乙烯或聚氯乙烯组成，厚度约为80～280μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述，其特征在于抗拉隔热层由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或陶瓷纤维棉材料组成，厚度约为60～260μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述，其特征在于金属箔层由铝箔或铜箔组成，厚度约为30～50μm。
6.依据权利要求1所述，其特征在于所选用的抗拉隔热层和金属箔层反复交替两次，极大提高膜材料隔温阻热和电磁屏蔽的性能。
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CN110744889A (zh) * 2019-09-23 2020-02-04 苏州市君悦新材料科技股份有限公司 一种用于航空航天的纳米阻燃隔音绝热材料

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