CN108453143A - Metal tension extrusion molding apparatus and method - Google Patents
Metal tension extrusion molding apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108453143A CN108453143A CN201810357482.4A CN201810357482A CN108453143A CN 108453143 A CN108453143 A CN 108453143A CN 201810357482 A CN201810357482 A CN 201810357482A CN 108453143 A CN108453143 A CN 108453143A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- extrusion
- tension
- clamping device
- punch
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/02—Cooling or heating of containers for metal to be extruded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
- B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work
Abstract
Metal tension extrusion molding apparatus and method are related to a kind of tension extrusion molding apparatus and method.The present invention is the serial problems such as required process flow is more, equipment requirement is high, shaping load is big, technological process is long, production efficiency is low during solving conventional extruded and drawing process molded article.The method of the present invention applies some tension while conventional extrusion, to squeezing out component free end along forming direction.Product becomes axial tension stress state from free state after making extrusion molding, improve the linearity of product, aligning process needed for can saving after conventional extrusion, the torsion that extruded product is generated by flow velocity unevenness is avoided to twist bending defect, significantly reduce shaping load and the tonnage of required equipment, it is easy to the extrusion molding of metal, expand the extrusion molding ability and article section size range of metal, the regional extent being plastically deformed in extrusion cylinder obviously becomes larger, stock utilization improves therewith, improves production efficiency and reduces production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic extrusion molding methods, and in particular to a kind of tension extrusion molding apparatus and method belong to crowded
Pressing formation technical field.
Background technology
Due to the inherent characteristics such as mode of texturing and mould structure, the uniformity of metal deformation flow is opposite when extrusion molding
, inhomogeneities is absolute.Influence factor is more, such as friction and lubricating condition, mould structure, forming temperature and forming speed
Deng.For a long time, the conventional method for improving extruding metal flow behavior is limited to the single optimization of technological parameter more, although from macroscopic view
Certain influence can be generated from the point of view of angle, but this cannot inherently prevent the generation of defect and control the performance of extruded product.Together
When, the factors such as big, greater homogeneity difference of forming energy consumption become the internal cause for restricting extruded product application and development to a certain extent
Place, it more difficult in shaping for progress complex section large scale squeeze wood.
The technique side for being different from conventional extruded with hydrostatic extrusion, continuously extruded, Isothermal Extrusion, reverse temperature field extruding etc.
Method is continued to bring out and is applied, and the advantage in terms of producing particular/special requirement product is also increasingly cumulative, and then obtains insider's
Extensive concern.Proximate matter such as conventional extruded commonly used to manufacture constant cross-section can be real by the particular design to mould structure
Now to effective customization of cross sectional shape needed for extruded product.In general, being optimized to die device structure can obtain
The effect of shear deformation must be increased, this improves microstructure, and then improve comprehensive performance to have to eliminating blank internal flaw
Important realistic meaning.Other than mould structure, motion mode is also to realize that metal extruded product shape is integrated with performance
One of the important means of accuracy controlling.It is well known that blank is to generate plasticity under the loading effect of tool to become in extrusion process
Forming is sequentially extruded after shape.Therefore, the motion mode of mold has important shadow to the extrusion deformation flow behavior of blank
It rings, while friction condition also changes therewith between mold and blank, this will certainly act the performance of extruded product.
The extrusion forming method that multiple kinds of molds motion mode changes has been emerged in recent years.These creative methods are machines
The product that tool automates and control science is combined with extrusion process, unquestionably, these novel processing methods to squeezing from now on
Press the development of technique that there is far reaching significance.
As being constantly progressive for science and technology is developed with the high speed of modern economy, the application range of squeeze wood is constantly widened, and
By being generalized to the national economy such as aerospace, weaponry, machine-building and energy source and power based on civil buildings proximate matter
Various aspects.But China's squeeze wood industry still has apparent gap at present, compared with developed countries, as production scale has
Limit, equipment tonnage are small and the factors such as utilization rate is low, technological gap is big, product specification is poor, industry profile proportion is small also become restriction
One of the main bottleneck problem of China's extrusion industry rapid development.Therefore, it is high-quality, efficient, low consumption that there is an urgent need to develop some
Extrusion molding new technology.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve conventional extrudeds or drawing process to be deposited when shaping bar, proximate matter or wire fabrication
It is high to equipment requirement, shaping load is larger, process flow is long, die life is low and the serial problem such as of high cost, while gold
The extrusion molding ability and article section size range of category all receive certain restrictions.And then propose a kind of tension extrusion molding
Method, since the stress and deformational behavior of extruded product are changed, crystallized ability significantly gets a promotion and required
Equipment is simple.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
Device：Corresponding device of the present invention includes：Punch-pin 1, extrusion cylinder 2, blank 3, core model 4, pedestal 5, clamping device 6, thermocouple
7, heating furnace 8, power supply 9, linear electric motor controller 10, linear motor 11 and draft arm 12.The key of apparatus structure is punch-pin 1
While loading pressure to blank 3, clamping device 6 is clamped 3 extruding end of blank by the draft arm 12 that linear motor 11 controls
And retire generate certain tension force effect backward, the cross sectional shape and size of extrusion are controlled by the die hole section of core model 4.
Method：The method through the following steps that realize：
Step 1: being required according to the section shape and size of formed parts, the core model 4 of corresponding construction is selected；
It is squeezed on machine worktable Step 2: heating furnace 8 is fixed on, pedestal 5 is positioned in heating furnace 8 close to clamping device 6
Side；
Step 3: extrusion cylinder 2 is fixed on pedestal 5, core model 4, blank 3 and punch-pin 1 are put into extrusion cylinder 2 successively；
Step 4: the center of clamping device 6 and draft arm 12 is made to be arranged with 4 central coaxial of core model, straight line is fixed as benchmark
Motor 11；
Step 5: thermocouple 7 is inserted into heating furnace 8, so that thermocouple 7 is touched extrusion cylinder 2 and carry out thermometric, open heating furnace 8
It is heated；
Start to keep the temperature Step 6: stopping heating after the temperature of heating furnace 8 reaches preset temperature；
Step 7: start extruder after heat preservation and loaded for the first time to blank 3 by punch-pin 1, when blank 3 squeeze out it is a bit of
Distance stops load after being L, and the extrusion end part of blank 3 is clamped using clamping device 6；
Step 8: carrying out loading and shaping to blank 3 again by punch-pin 1, while opening power supply 9 and opening linear electric motor controller
10, linear motor 11 works, and it is at the uniform velocity setback under 12 guiding function of draft arm to make clamping device 6；
Step 9: in addition to a small amount of discard, blank 3 is stopped the load of punch-pin 1 after complete extrusion molding, simultaneously closed off power supply 9, stopped
Clamping of the clamping device 6 to 3 extruding end of blank is opened in the only work of linear motor 11；
Step 10: closing heating furnace 8, thermocouple 7 is taken out, punch-pin 1, core model 4 is sequentially removed, takes out the extrusion of necessary requirement.
The method of the present invention specific following advantageous effect compared with prior art：
One, innovation of the invention is to be integrated with the complex art advantage of two kinds of techniques of extruding and drawing, expands metal
Extrusion molding ability and article section size range, quality parameter significantly improve；
Two, one is applied with the equidirectional tension of forming and less than the yield strength of material, energy in free end when extrusion molding
Shaping load and the tonnage of required equipment are significantly reduced, is easy to the extrusion molding of metal, improves production efficiency, reduce production
Cost；
Three, apply tension force effect in free end, product becomes axial tension stress state from free state after making extrusion molding, improves
The linearity of product, can save after conventional extruded needed for aligning process, avoid the torsion that extruded product is generated by flow velocity unevenness
Twist bending defect；
Four, the deflection that single pass generates when tension extrusion molding will be noticeably greater than single extruding or drawing process, in extrusion cylinder
The regional extent being plastically deformed obviously becomes larger, and bottom comer dead zone range reduces, and stock utilization improves therewith；
Five, compared with drawing procedure, the method for the present invention eliminates the additional process such as annealing, multi-pass deformation, with traditional forward extrusion
It compares, party's rule is easier to metal bar, the proximate matter of production inductile and the technical characteristics such as difficult-to-deformation material, deformation ratio be larger
Or the products such as wire rod, to realize the double effects of extruding-drawing integral forming；
Six, this method without special equipment, technological process is short, die life is high while having both the technical characterstics such as efficient low-consume, easily
In practice and extension in production practice.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main sectional view of single hole pressurizing unit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that single hole pressurizing unit extruding product of the present invention is contacted with clamping device 6 apart from main sectional view when being L；
Fig. 3 is the main sectional view that single hole pressurizing unit of the present invention squeezes product forming latter stage；
Fig. 4 is the main sectional view of the porous pressurizing unit of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the porous pressurizing unit extruding product of the present invention is contacted with clamping device 6 apart from main sectional view when being L；
Fig. 6 is the main sectional view that the porous pressurizing unit of the present invention squeezes product forming latter stage；
Fig. 7 is the main sectional view of tubing of the present invention pressurizing unit；
Fig. 8 is that tubing of the present invention pressurizing unit extruding product is contacted with clamping device 6 apart from main sectional view when being L；
Fig. 9 is the main sectional view that tubing of the present invention pressurizing unit squeezes product forming latter stage；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of porous pressurizing unit core model 4 of the invention；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram after tubing of the present invention pressurizing unit blank 3 shapes；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of extrusion device for tubes clamping device 6.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode one：Embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 1, present embodiment device include punch-pin 1, extrusion cylinder 2,
Blank 3, core model 4, pedestal 5, clamping device 6, thermocouple 7, heating furnace 8, power supply 9, linear electric motor controller 10, linear motor 11
And draft arm 12.Pedestal 5 is placed in heating furnace 8 close to 6 side of clamping device, and extrusion cylinder 2 is fixed on pedestal 5, and core model 4 fills
The right end of extrusion cylinder 2 is fitted over, blank 3 is assemblied in extrusion cylinder 2 and is placed on the left of core model 4, and punch-pin 1 is placed on extrusion cylinder 2
Left side that is interior and acting against blank 3, clamping device 6 regulate and control the velocity magnitude of 3 extruding end of blank by linear motor 11 and open
Force value.
Specific implementation mode two：Illustrate that present embodiment, present embodiment are complete by following steps in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3
At：One, its yield strength P is determined according to the material of blank 30, the clamping force P of clamping device 6 is set1With tension P2；Two, basis
The material of blank 3 determines the extrusion speed V of punch-pin 1 to the sensitivity of rate of deformation1；Three, according to the length of component, selection
Height is H1, the blank 3 of a diameter of d；Four, it is required according to the size of required product, selects suitable core model 4, adjustment clamping work
Tool 6, it is D to make the two internal diameter1；Five, according to the forming speed V of extrusion ratio λ and punch-pin 10Calculate the extrusion speed of 4 extruding end of blank
Spend V1, determine the hauling speed V of clamping device 62, wherein V1And V2For average rate, wherein 1<V2/V1Value<2；Six, pedestal 5 is put
Enter in heating furnace 8, extrusion cylinder 2 is fixed on pedestal 5, core model 4, blank 3 and punch-pin 1 are put into extrusion cylinder 2 successively；Seven, will
Thermocouple 7 is inserted into heating furnace 8 and touches 2 outer wall of extrusion cylinder, opens heating furnace 8.It is heated to certain temperature K, heating furnace 8 is set
It is set to holding mode；Eight, it opens extruder to load punch-pin 1, when 3 extruding end of blank enters clamping device 6 apart to squeeze when L
Machine stops the load to punch-pin 1, clamps the extruding end of blank 3；Nine, extruder continues to load punch-pin 1, while opening power supply 9,
Linear electric motor controller 10 is opened, linear motor 11 works so that 6 right lateral of clamping device, clamping device 6 apply one to blank 3
A tension less than 3 yield strength of blank；Nine, persistently punch-pin 1 is loaded, clamping device 6 continues right lateral, until blank 3 is complete
It is extruded rear extruder to stop loading punch-pin 1, clamping device 6 stops right lateral, completes the once-forming of blank；Ten, electricity is closed
Source 9 stops the work of linear motor 11, closes heating furnace 8, takes out thermocouple 7, opens clamping device 6 to 3 extruding end of blank
Clamping sequentially removes punch-pin 1, core model 4, takes out the product of forming.
Specific implementation mode three：Illustrate present embodiment, the core model 4 and clamping device 6 of present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 4 ~ Fig. 6
It is the porous mold in N number of hole, i.e., " one-mold multiple-member ", the hauling speed of clamping device 6 is V2, the clamping force P of clamping device 61With
Tension P2, 3 height of blank is H2, other embodiment is identical with embodiment two.
Specific implementation mode four：Illustrate that present embodiment, the product that present embodiment squeezes out are tubing in conjunction with Fig. 7 ~ Fig. 9,
The mould structure for changing punch-pin 1, blank 3, core model 4 and clamping device 6 obtains the tubing that wall thickness is t, the traction of clamping device 6
Speed is V2, the clamping force P of clamping device 61With tension P2, 3 height of blank is H3, other embodiment and specific implementation mode
Two is identical.
Specific implementation mode five：Illustrate present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 9, present embodiment is by changing linear motor 11
Power change the hauling speed V of clamping device 62, clamping device 6 retreat when do variable motion, it is ensured that V2/V1Value is squeezing
It immobilizes in the process, other embodiment is identical with embodiment two.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of tension extrusion molding apparatus, it is characterised in that：Described device include punch-pin 1, extrusion cylinder 2, blank 3, core model 4,
Pedestal 5, clamping device 6, thermocouple 7, heating furnace 8, power supply 9, linear electric motor controller 10, linear motor 11 and draft arm 12,
Pedestal 5 is placed in holding furnace 8 close to 6 side of clamping device, and extrusion cylinder 2 is fixed on pedestal 5, and core model 4 is assemblied in extrusion cylinder 2
Right end, blank 3 is assemblied in extrusion cylinder 2 and is placed on the left of core model 4, and punch-pin 1 is placed in extrusion cylinder 2 and acts against base
The left side of material 3, clamping device 6 control the speed and tension of 3 extruding end of blank by linear motor 11.
2. a kind of tension extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The yield strength of blank 3 is P0,
When carrying out forward extrusion to blank 3, extrusion molding is applied with one and the equidirectional tension of forming in free end simultaneously
P2, P2/ P0Ranging from 0.05 ~ 0.5.
3. a kind of realizing tension extrusion forming method using claim 2 described device, it is characterised in that：The method is to pass through
What following steps were realized：
Step 1: being required according to the section shape and size of formed parts, the core model 4 of corresponding construction is selected；
Step 2: heating furnace 8 is fixed on horizontal type extruding machine worktable, pedestal 5 is positioned in heating furnace 8 close to clamping work
Have 6 sides；
Step 3: extrusion cylinder 2 is fixed on pedestal 5, core model 4, blank 3 and punch-pin 1 are put into extrusion cylinder 2 successively；
Step 4: the center of clamping device 6 and draft arm 12 is made to be arranged with 4 central coaxial of core model, straight line is fixed as benchmark
Motor 11；
Step 5: thermocouple 7 is inserted into heating furnace 8, so that thermocouple 7 is touched extrusion cylinder 2 and carry out thermometric, open heating furnace 8
It is heated；
Start to keep the temperature Step 6: stopping heating after the temperature of heating furnace 8 reaches preset temperature；
Blank 3 is loaded for the first time by punch-pin 1 Step 7: starting forcing press after heat preservation, when blank 3 squeezes out point distance
To stop load after L, the extrusion end part of blank 3 is clamped using clamping device 6；
Step 8: carrying out load molding to blank 3 again by punch-pin 1, while opening power supply 9 and opening linear electric motor controller
10, linear motor 11 works, and it is at the uniform velocity setback under 12 guiding function of draft arm to make clamping device 6；
Step 9: in addition to a small amount of discard, blank 3 is stopped the load of punch-pin 1 after complete extrusion molding, simultaneously closed off power supply 9, stopped
Clamping of the clamping device 6 to 3 extruding end of blank is opened in the only work of linear motor 11；
Step 10: closing box type heater 8, thermocouple 7 is taken out, punch-pin 1, core model 4 is sequentially removed, takes out the extruding of necessary requirement
Part.
4. a kind of tension extrusion forming method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Core model rule in the step 1
Lattice can be selected according to the requirement of product, can be single hole mould, N casements, the purpose of once-forming more than one piece may be implemented.
5. a kind of tension extrusion forming method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Punch-pin 1 in the step 1
Blank 3 is processed as tubing.
6. a kind of tension extrusion forming method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Blank 3 can be different materials,
Step 6 can be different temperatures.
7. a kind of tension extrusion forming method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Clamping work in the step 8
The hauling speed of tool 6 is V2, 3 extruded velocity of blank is V1, V2/ V1Ranging from 1 ~ 2.
8. a kind of tension extrusion forming method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 8 convex mould 1 is done
Speed is V0Uniform motion, the extruded velocity of blank 3 is V3, due to the influence of various conditions, V3It is constantly sent out in extrusion process
It is raw to change, change the power of linear motor 11, clamping device 6 is variable motion, speed V4, V4/V3Range be 1 ~ 2, and
And V4/V3It immobilizes in extrusion process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357482.4A CN108453143A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Metal tension extrusion molding apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357482.4A CN108453143A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Metal tension extrusion molding apparatus and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108453143A true CN108453143A (en) | 2018-08-28 |
Family
ID=63235740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357482.4A Pending CN108453143A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Metal tension extrusion molding apparatus and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111647831A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-11 | 范语楠 | Device and method for preparing Al-Cu-Mg alloy nanocrystalline grain structure |
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| JPWO2016117146A1 (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2017-11-02 | 宇部興産機械株式会社 | Shear device for extrusion press |
| CN107486477A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 山东大学 | A kind of Al/Mg/Al composite boards bridge die extrusion building mortion and method |
| CN107671219A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-09 | 烟台市台海集团有限公司 | A kind of extrusion forging method of the long pipe of major diameter |
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2018
- 2018-04-20 CN CN201810357482.4A patent/CN108453143A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010131619A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-17 | Showa Denko Kk | Method of manufacturing extruded material |
| JPWO2016117146A1 (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2017-11-02 | 宇部興産機械株式会社 | Shear device for extrusion press |
| CN106180235A (en) * | 2016-08-13 | 2016-12-07 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of device utilizing access ramp technology to prepare thin grained magnesium alloy |
| CN106944489A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-07-14 | 深圳市华加日西林实业有限公司 | Overlength aluminium alloy deformed bar is continuously extruded and three-dimensional coiled strip device and method |
| CN107486477A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 山东大学 | A kind of Al/Mg/Al composite boards bridge die extrusion building mortion and method |
| CN107671219A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-09 | 烟台市台海集团有限公司 | A kind of extrusion forging method of the long pipe of major diameter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111647831A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-11 | 范语楠 | Device and method for preparing Al-Cu-Mg alloy nanocrystalline grain structure |
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