CN104174678B - The continuous extruder that the plane of symmetry of big of die cavity of extension is vertical with extruding wheel axis - Google Patents
The continuous extruder that the plane of symmetry of big of die cavity of extension is vertical with extruding wheel axis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104174678B CN104174678B CN201410445732.1A CN201410445732A CN104174678B CN 104174678 B CN104174678 B CN 104174678B CN 201410445732 A CN201410445732 A CN 201410445732A CN 104174678 B CN104174678 B CN 104174678B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to for continuously extruded equipment.The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity is vertical with extruding wheel axis, after cavity charging aperture and extension die cavity, divergent die is installed, mould is installed after divergent die, divergent die and mould are fixed in cavity by cavity lid, are connected with screw between cavity lid and cavity；The axis of described extruding wheel is substantially vertical with the plane of symmetry of big of die cavity both sides of extension, has the divergent die with "eight" shape splitter box between mould and extension die cavity.Present invention generally changes the propagation direction of extension die cavity into the direction vertical with conventional Extension die cavity exactly, by original level extrusion into vertical extrusion is changed for copper bar series products, cavity charging aperture is strengthened significantly in circular arc tangential line direction, and utilize divergent die to adjust blank flow velocity in cavity mold, keep the product squeezed out straight.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-ferrous metals processing field, relate to continuously extruded equipment.
Background technology
Existing continuous extrusion apparatus produces big width product, all uses single-wheel list groove or single-wheel dual-slot structure, and place, product width direction plane is parallel with main-shaft axis, and the big plane of the product namely squeezed out is parallel with main-shaft axis.Product width is limited by shoe width and frame width, if it is intended to produce big width product, just must increase the width of shoe to ensure that shoe has enough strength and stiffness, the width increasing shoe will necessarily make frame width widen, axis system strong point span so can be caused to increase, rigidity is deteriorated, thus causes each part life of axis system to reduce.In order to avoid the most oxidized flash of extruding wheel surface enters product, when therefore typically product quality being had higher requirements, the width dimensions of cavity charging aperture, it is generally less than or equal to the width dimensions of extruding wheel groove, this just determines decision extension cavity feed gap dimension size on cavity propagation direction must be close with blank diameter, want to do big width product, the most necessarily use the round bar of major diameter as blank, blank diameter adds conference and causes the moment of torsion of equipment, the apparatus of load such as radial load become big, therefore, extruding wheel diameter must be strengthened, increase major axis diameter and bear nip load, this causes motor, reduction box increases rapidly, the continuous extruder producing big width is made to become the hugest and expensive.Along with the increase of extruder, the frock of extruder, mould such as extrude the weight of wheel, cavity etc. and increase the most rapidly, and which results in manufacturing cost significantly rises so that the operating cost of main equipment is apparently higher than mini-plant.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of short span high rigidity continuous extruder, realize the extruding of flakiness ratio product, realize squeezing out the product of big width on small extruding machine, solve product flakiness ratio and be difficult on continuous extruder the most extruded more than 25, reduce extruder cost and can also effectively reduce the production run cost of equipment simultaneously.
The continuous extruder that the technical scheme is that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity of the present invention is vertical with extruding wheel axis, cavity 106 matches with ring-shaped groove 111 extruding wheel 109, Combined stopping block 107 is installed on cavity, after cavity charging aperture and extension die cavity, divergent die 601 is installed, mould 104, divergent die and mould are installed after divergent die be fixed in cavity by cavity lid, are connected with screw between cavity lid 110 and cavity；The axis 108 of described extruding wheel 109 is substantially vertical with the plane of symmetry 501 in extension big face, die cavity both sides 101, has the divergent die with "eight" shape splitter box between mould and extension die cavity.
Described extension die cavity is flat "eight" shape, 5 times to 20 times that large scale B is bar material diameter D of extension die cavity 502.
The angle beta that the extended boundary envelope of surfaces line of described extension die cavity is formed between 120 ° to 175 °, preferably 150 °.
Described extension die cavity, in one, direction of product extrusion with drafting angle, drafting angle 1 ° to 10 °, preferably 5-6 °.
Large scale C of described cavity charging aperture 503 is the line direction along feeding guide-plate and material blocking block, and 1.2-3 times that large scale C is blank 101 diameter D, preferably 1.5-2.5 times.
Described divergent die structure is in "eight" shape divergent die and centre is with projection, and protruding both sides are blank flowing divergent die grooves 602, and length L1 of the splitter box near feeding guide-plate side is more than length L2 of the splitter box near material blocking block side.
Described divergent die and extrusion die are integrative-structure, or Split type structure.
Described die inlet is with choked flow angle, and the angular range at choked flow angle is 1 ° to 8 °, preferably 3 ° to 6 °, calibrating strap below choked flow angle, a length of 1.5-4mm of calibrating strap, preferably 2-3mm.
Described cavity corner is provided with heater 201, and heater is made up of heater watch box and electrothermal tube, and electrothermal tube is placed in hot device watch box.
, with cooling device 202, there is mutual UNICOM water flow channel described cavity bottom surface in cooling device.
Continuous extruder is with circumferencial direction ring-shaped groove on rotary squeezing wheel, maintains certain interval with extruding wheel and takes turns on the cavity coordinated with material blocking block with extruding, being provided with mould in cavity, and product squeezes out in mould.
The continuous extruder of the present invention, the propagation direction of extension die cavity is carried out along the extruding wheel groove plane of symmetry, namely the plane of symmetry of big of the die cavity left and right sides of extension is substantially vertical with extruding wheel axis, as a example by approximate rectangular section copper bar product, the rotation centerline with extruding wheel of the big plane of the product squeezed out is vertical；This device by cavity charging aperture feeding guide-plate and size is blank diameter 1.2 to 2.5 times of material blocking block line direction；And utilize divergent die to adjust blank flow velocity in cavity mold, keep the product squeezed out straight.
Present invention generally changes the propagation direction of extension die cavity into the direction vertical with conventional Extension die cavity exactly, by original level extrusion into vertical extrusion is changed for copper bar series products, cavity charging aperture is strengthened significantly in circular arc tangential line direction, and utilize divergent die to adjust blank flow velocity in cavity mold, keep the product squeezed out straight.
Due to the fact that continuously extruded characteristic determines to go out the charging rate near material blocking block side at cavity charging aperture and to be faster than near feeding guide-plate side, therefore the technological difficulties of the present invention are that how to keep product to squeeze out the speed up and down of product after mould consistent, namely how to keep that product is straight to be squeezed out.In order to solve speed at cavity charging aperture uneven cause product extrusion die time flow velocity uneven, the present invention has a divergent die before a mold, adjusts the flow velocity of blank, it is ensured that the product squeezed out is straight.
Cavity corner of the present invention can be with electric hot plate, and electric hot plate uses heater watch box and electrothermal tube to constitute.This electric hot plate can improve the temperature of cavity expansion slot both sides, is conducive to and blank extension flowing.
Divergent die of the present invention is used to adjust owing to the plane of symmetry of big of the die cavity left and right sides of extension is asymmetric with the extruding substantially vertical institute's blank caused of wheel axis upper and lower flow velocity in extension die cavity, and then cause product extrusion die mouth to the problem of curving, described divergent die will be turned down at the blank flow velocity near material blocking block side or flow, and will be close to feeding guide-plate side blank flow velocity or flow is heightened, final blank is made to flow to upper and lower flow velocity uniformity during mould outlet, it is ensured that product is straight extrusion die mouth.
The big plane of the products export width in the shoe of continuous extruder of the present invention is vertical with the rotation direction of extruding wheel.The large scale of the products export of shoe is consistent with the height dimension direction of shoe, the width of shoe can be greatly reduced, also the span of extruder frame is greatly reduced, shorten the distance of main shaft left and right sides bearing, improve the strength and stiffness of shoe and axis system, improve main shaft and the service life of main shaft bearing, considerably reduce manufacturing cost and the use cost of extruder, the product that flakiness ratio is bigger can be extruded simultaneously.
The length dimension of cavity charging aperture is consistent with the width of product, be conducive to the extension forming of blank, so along cavity blank propagation direction, cavity feed gap dimension can be lengthened, increase the area of cavity charging aperture, the unit pressure on material blocking block can be reduced, improve the service life of material blocking block.Such structure allows for the length dimension of cavity charging aperture and is no longer influenced by blank diameter and the restriction of extruding wheel groove width, cavity feed gap dimension can be far longer than the width of extruding wheel groove, therefore can realize using the blank of minor diameter to squeeze out broader product on small extruding machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the continuous extruder schematic diagram that the plane of symmetry of big of die cavity of extension is vertical with extruding wheel axis；
Fig. 2 is cavity assembly relation schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is heater 201 schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is cooling device 202 structural representation；
Fig. 5 is cavity 106 sectional view；
Fig. 6 is divergent die 601 structural representation；
Fig. 7 is mould 104 structure chart；
In figure: 101 big of die cavities of extension, 102 compact wheels, 103 feeding guide-plates, 104 moulds, 106 cavitys, 107 material blocking blocks, 108 extruding wheel axis, 109 extruding wheels, 110 cavity lids, 111 ring-shaped grooves；
201 heaters, 202 cooling devices, 203 guide plate mounting grooves, 301 heater watch boxes, 302 electrothermal tubes；
401 coldplates, 402 water inlet pipes, 403 return pipes；
501 cavitys spread big plane of symmetry of die cavity, 502 extension die cavities, 503 charging apertures, 601 divergent dies, 602 divergent die grooves, θ is splitter box angle on divergent die, γ mould choked flow angle, the angle of the left and right sides of β extension die cavity flat " eight ", L1 is near the splitter box length of feeding guide-plate side, and L2 is near the splitter box length of material blocking block side, and C cavity charging aperture is in the length of propagation direction, the greatest width dimension of flat " eight " type of B extension die cavity, E expansion slot width at mould.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but the invention is not limited in specific embodiment.
Extruder of the present invention is as it is shown in figure 1, a rotary squeezing with ring-shaped groove 111 takes turns 109, and this extruding wheel 109 is arranged on the prestressing force axis system of string nested structure；One cavity 106 with arc surface, the centre of gyration of this cambered surface is substantially aligned with the axis 108 of the circular arc of extruding wheel 109, certain gap is kept between two cambered surfaces, not occur directly to contact during work, having a charging aperture 503 on cavity 106, be connected with this charging aperture is a blank extension die cavity 502；The feeding guide-plate 103 of circular shape, is arranged in the guide plate mounting groove 203 above cavity cambered surface；Material blocking block 107 is arranged on cavity, and its bossing stretches in the ring-shaped groove 111 of extruding wheel 109；Pressure wheel 102 extend in extruding wheel groove 111, and the maximum interspace that the ring-shaped groove 111 of extruding wheel 109 and pressure wheel 102 are formed is less than blank diameter；Mould 104 is arranged in cavity 106, has a divergent die 601 before a mold, is connected with between cavity 106 and cavity lid 110, makes cavity 106, divergent die 601, mould 104, cavity lid 110 form a component parts body；Four angles of cavity 106 are separately installed with a heater 201(as shown in Figure 3), this this device is made up of heater watch box 301 and electrothermal tube 302, the wire of electrothermal tube 302 is connected with power supply, the position of heater 201 can regulate, after cavity 106 installs, the position of regulation heater 201 so that it is be in close contact with cavity 106, beneficially the conduction of heat；The bottom surface of cavity 106 has a cooling device 202(as shown in Figure 4), it is made up of coldplate 401, water inlet pipe 402 and return pipe 403, coldplate 401 is internal is machined with the hole being interconnected, it is ensured that cooling water circulation flows.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, the extension die cavity 502 of described cavity 106 is to carry out outward expansion along the extruding wheel groove plane of symmetry, namely the plane of symmetry 501 in extension big face, die cavity 502 left and right sides 101 is substantially vertical with extruding wheel axis 108.
Described cavity charging aperture 503 at size C is blank diameter 1.5 to 3 times of extended pattern cavity direction, preferably 2 to 2.5 times.
Described extension die cavity 502, in one, direction of product extrusion with drafting angle, drafting angle 1 ° to 10 °, preferably 5-6 °.
Described extension die cavity 502 at extruded product width for being similar to flat "eight" shape, the angle β of flat " eight " left and right sides typically between 120 ° to 175 °, preferably about 150 °.
5 to 20 times that greatest width dimension B is copper shank diameter D of flat " eight " type of described extension die cavity 502.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, splitter box 602 on described divergent die 601, for the "eight" shape groove 602 produced on divergent die, groove length near feeding guide-plate side is L1, groove length near material blocking block side is L2, L1 is more than L2 length dimension 3mm to 20mm, and divergent die inclination angle theta is 3 ° to 60 °, and the inclination angle theta of left and right sides splitter box can be unequal.
Described mould 104, entrance side with choked flow angle γ, choked flow angle γ in the range of 1 ° to 8 °, preferably 3 ° to 6 °, calibrating strap below choked flow angle, a length of 1.5-4mm of calibrating strap, preferably 2mm to 3mm.
Being assembled before cavity 106 loads extruder and be heated to predetermined temperature, being energized by the electrothermal tube 302 of heater 201, the temperature making heater is identical with the preheating temperature of cavity 106.Blank is after the extruding of pressure wheel 102, deform, the restriction of trenched side-wall is taken turns owing to deformation is squeezed, bigger pressure is formed between the surface of blank and extruding wheel groove after making deformation, existence due to stiction, during extruding wheel 109 rotation, blank rotates together with extruding wheel 109, along with being continuously increased of length of nipping, stiction constantly increases, after extruding round crosses about 90 °, blank runs into material blocking block 107 and stretches into the stop of extruding wheel groove internal projection part, and the stiction that now blank and extruding are taken turns between 109 flute surfaces the most enough forces blank to deform, produce substantial amounts of deformation heat simultaneously, the temperature making blank raises, resistance of deformation reduces, there is Plastic Flow；Blank enters in extension die cavity 502 by the charging aperture 503 on cavity 106, forms product 105 after divergent die 601 and mould 104.
Described extruder, the axis 108 of its extruding wheel 109 is vertical with the symmetrical plane 501 in two big faces 101 about extension die cavity, and product width is not limited by frame width, can reduce frame span, increases axis system rigidity；
Having a cambered surface to match with the cambered surface of extruding wheel on described cavity 106, large scale C of charging aperture 503 is at the circumferencial direction of circular arc, and this size is not limited by blank diameter, for 1.2 to 3 times of blank diameter, it is achieved big ratio extruding；
A piece circular blank embeds in the groove of extruding wheel 109 after the extruding of pressure wheel 102, and rotate therewith, after feeding guide-plate 103, by entering cavity 106 after the stop of material blocking block 107, product 105 is formed after mould 104, device for simultaneous heating 201 is energized, and cooling device 202 is passed through cooling water, it is ensured that cavity works at a temperature of presetting.
nullUse the continuous extruder that the plane of symmetry of big of above-mentioned extension die cavity is vertical with extruding wheel axis，T2 copper bar is drawn as blank on 20mm，Extruding wheel diameter is 400mm，Extruding wheel material is H13 hot die steel，Cavity charging aperture large scale C is 50mm，The angle β of the left and right sides of extension die cavity flat " eight " is 150 °，Cavity expansion slot width B is 240mm，Width E at expansion slot and mould contact surface is 25mm，Cavity drafting angle be 3 ° of cavity materials be H13 hot die steel，The shunting angle, θ of divergent die is 15 °，It is 100mm near material blocking block side size L2，Near feeding guide-plate side L1 a size of 120mm，The drafting angle of divergent die is 3 °，Mould choked flow angle γ is 5 °，Achieve the most extruded of the R angle bus duct copper bar that product is 230mm × 7mm.This 230mm × 7mm bus duct copper bar cannot produce on tradition continuous extruder at all, and conventional production methods is the copper bar of extruding 230mm × 11.5mm, is then passed through being rolled down to 230mm × 7mm, more annealed and pickling.The continuous extruder using the present invention not only achieves the most extruded of the bus duct copper bar of super large flakiness ratio, eliminates annealing operation and pickling process, also solves the environmental issue of tradition pickling, has significant economic benefit and social benefit.
Claims (11)
1. one kind extends the continuous extruder that the plane of symmetry of big of die cavity both sides is vertical with extruding wheel axis, cavity (106) is taken turns (109) with the extruding with ring-shaped groove (111) and is matched, Combined stopping block (107) is installed on cavity, it is characterized in that: after cavity charging aperture and extension die cavity, divergent die (601) is installed, mould (104) is installed after divergent die, divergent die and mould are fixed in cavity by cavity lid, are connected with screw between cavity lid (110) and cavity；The axis (108) of described extruding wheel (109) is vertical with the plane of symmetry (501) of extension die cavity both sides big (101), the divergent die with "eight" shape splitter box is had between mould and extension die cavity, the length (L1) of the splitter box near feeding guide-plate side is more than the length (L2) of the splitter box near material blocking block side, extend die cavity (502) at extruded product width for being similar to flat "eight" shape, 5 times to 20 times that greatest width dimension (B) is bar material diameter of flat " eight " type of extension die cavity (502).
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterised in that: the angle (β) of flat " eight " left and right sides of described extension die cavity is between 120 ° to 175 °.
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterised in that: the angle (β) of flat " eight " left and right sides of described extension die cavity is 150 °.
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterised in that: described extension die cavity, in product extrusion direction with a drafting angle, drafting angle 1 ° to 10 °.
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterised in that: described extension die cavity, in product extrusion direction with a drafting angle, drafting angle 5-6 °.
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterized in that: described divergent die structure is with projection with the divergent die in "eight" shape splitter box and centre, protruding both sides are that bar stream moves splitter box (602).
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterised in that: described divergent die and mould are integrative-structure, or Split type structure.
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterized in that: described die inlet is with choked flow angle, the angular range at choked flow angle is 1 ° to 8 °, calibrating strap below choked flow angle, a length of 1.5-4mm of calibrating strap.
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterized in that: described die inlet is with choked flow angle, the angular range at choked flow angle is 3 ° to 6 °, calibrating strap below choked flow angle, a length of 2-3mm of calibrating strap.
The continuous extruder that a kind of plane of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides the most according to claim 1 is vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterized in that: described cavity corner is provided with heater (201), heater is made up of heater watch box and electrothermal tube, and electrothermal tube is placed in heater watch box.
The continuous extruder that 11. a kind of planes of symmetry extending big of die cavity both sides according to claim 1 are vertical with extruding wheel axis, it is characterised in that: described cavity bottom surface is with cooling device (202), and be interconnected in cooling device water flow channel.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105478513B (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2018-03-06 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of device for simulating Equal-channel Angular Pressing |
| CN107159735A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-15 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | One kind extension shaped device |
| CN108526236B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-02-18 | 四川兰德斯达铝业有限公司 | Near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device |
| CN110369538A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-25 | 大连康丰科技有限公司 | A kind of electrical cable aluminium sheath four-way continuously coats divergent die |
| CN110560501A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2019-12-13 | 大连交通大学 | Stepped continuous extrusion device using metal powder as raw material |
| CN115228959B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-03-21 | 山东大学 | Integral extrusion forming equipment for large-size component |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NL8302003A (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1985-01-02 | Henricus Peter Marie Backus | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF DUCTIAL NONFERRO METALS |
| US5167138A (en) * | 1987-12-31 | 1992-12-01 | Southwire Company | Conform extrusion process and apparatus |
| CN102205353A (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-10-05 | 合肥神马科技股份有限公司 | Continuous extrusion device |
| CN102688907B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-10-29 | 大连交通大学 | System and method for continuous extrusion production of fine-grain magnesium alloy strip |
| CN102407244A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-04-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Mould for continuous extrusion production of high-width-thickness-ratio profiles |
| CN103143583B (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2015-12-30 | 大连康丰科技有限公司 | Dual-channel vertical expands shaping continuous extruder |
| CN204074769U (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 大连康丰科技有限公司 | The expansion plane of symmetry of large of die cavity and the continuous extruder of squeegee roller axes normal |
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