CN107185987B - A kind of flat extruding cylinder plank Extrusion Die Design method - Google Patents
A kind of flat extruding cylinder plank Extrusion Die Design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107185987B CN107185987B CN201710344641.2A CN201710344641A CN107185987B CN 107185987 B CN107185987 B CN 107185987B CN 201710344641 A CN201710344641 A CN 201710344641A CN 107185987 B CN107185987 B CN 107185987B
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- deformable cavity
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- strain rate
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flat extruding cylinder plank Extrusion Die Design methods, extrusion die includes die-cushion, die-cushion end face is installed with proximate matter mould, the other end of proximate matter mould is installed with big head mould, big head mould center offers section and is set as elliptical deformable cavity, deformable cavity is provided with entrance and exit, the section transverse b of deformable cavity is remained unchanged, deformable cavity section ellipse short shaft a is gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet, the end face that mouth is provided in big head mould is fixedly mounted on proximate matter mould, design method includes the computational methods to deformable cavity section ellipse short shaft a change curves.The extrusion die that the present invention designs is equi-strain rate mold, is used in combination with flat extruding cylinder so that blank flows through die working length with equi-strain rate, ensure that the quality of difficult-to-deformation material extruded product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plank Extrusion Die Design method and technology fields, are related to a kind of flat extruding cylinder plank extrusion die
Design method.
Background technology
Particles reiforced metal-base composition because of its high specific strength, endurance and the excellent mechanical performance such as wear-resistant, at
For Recent study hot spot.Reinforcement in usual particles reiforced metal-base composition has high intensity and high rigidity, compared with
The plastic deformation ability of basis material, metal-base composites is very poor, and elongation percentage at room temperature is generally lower than 10% so that two
Secondary plastic processing becomes the critical issue for hindering it further to develop.The preparation method of existing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material
Some is only suitable for preparing fritter product, and some preparation process complexity costs when preparing large scale product are higher, to limit
Application range.And extrusion process, under three compressive stress states of blank, the plastic deformation than rolling, forging and pressing bigger can be obtained.It is multiple
Condensation material is expected to realize the large deformation of extrusion ratio 10-20.Also to extruder, more stringent requirements are proposed simultaneously, and flat extruding cylinder squeezes
It is the molding major way of large-scale wide plate, compared with round container, flat extruding cylinder inner cavity is with siding proximate matter because of geometric similarity
Property, evenly, product structure property is more preferable for metal flow, high yield rate.The size of strain rate directly affects extruded product
The quality of mechanical property, in extrusion process used for forming, it is being axially constant to keep blank strain rate, is conducive to improve particle enhancing
Extrudability, improvement extruded product surface quality and the material comprehensive performance of metal-base composites.Existing flat cylinder extruding plate
The extruded product that the extrusion die that material Extrusion Die Design method is designed squeezes out is of poor quality.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flat extruding cylinder plank Extrusion Die Design method, it the judgement of speed change such as can design
The extrusion die of rate, extrusion forming effect are good.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method, extrusion die
Including die-cushion, die-cushion end face is installed with proximate matter mould, and the other end of proximate matter mould is installed with big head mould, in big head mould
The heart offers section and is set as elliptical deformable cavity, and deformable cavity is provided with entrance and exit, and the cross section of deformable cavity is oval
Long axis b remain unchanged, the elliptical short axle a in cross section of deformable cavity is gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet, and mouth is provided in big head mould
End face be fixedly mounted on proximate matter mould, design method includes to the elliptical short axle a change curves in the cross section of deformable cavity
Computational methods, the specific steps are：
Step 1：Calculate time of the material in deformable cavity needed for displacement distance dz：It is set in extrusion process, keeps squeezing
Press speed and strain rate it is constant, then time of the material in deformable cavity needed for displacement distance dz be：
Wherein, v is extrusion speed of the material at z, and z is distance of the material away from deformable cavity entrance；
Step 2, equivalent strain rate of the material at z is calculated：Cross-sectional area of the deformable cavity at z is A=π ab, wherein
A is the elliptical short axle in cross section of deformable cavity, and b is the elliptical long axis in cross section of deformable cavity, then equivalent strain of the material at z
Rate is：
Step 3, strain rate of the material at z is calculated：Show that material is undergone in displacement distance dz by (1) and (2) formula
Equivalent strain rate is：
Remember v0And a0Speed and deformable cavity entrance section elliptical minor axis length of the material in inlet respectively, then material
Strain rate at z is：
Step 4, strain rate of the calculating material in deformable cavity inlet：Since strain rate is constant, then material is deforming
The strain rate of chamber inlet is：
Step 5, derive that the elliptical short axle a change curves in the cross section of deformable cavity are by formula (5)：
Wherein, the extrusion speed of deformable cavity inletλ is extrusion ratio, λ=a in formula0/af, afFor deformable cavity
The elliptical minor axis length in outlet, by v0Bring the change curve that formula (6) obtains the elliptical short axle a in cross section of deformable cavity into
For：
Wherein, L is the length of big head mould, i.e. distance of the deformable cavity entrance to outlet.
Extrusion ratio λ=4~10 in step 5.
The elliptical long axis b in cross section of deformable cavity be more than crowded strip width 103%.
2a0Hole width is small 5mm-40mm in flat extruding cylinder more mating than institute, 2afPlate thickness more crowded than institute is big 2mm-40mm.
Hole length is small 5mm-20mm in 2b flat extruding cylinders more mating than institute.
The length L of big head mould is 60mm~300mm.
The extrusion speed of step 1 is 0.2mm/s~2mm/s.
The strain rate of step 1 is 0.005~5s-1。
The invention has the advantages that a kind of flat cylinder of the present invention squeezes and uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, design
Extrusion die be equi-strain rate extrusion die, and flat extruding cylinder combination, extruding rate is constant in extrusion process and blank
Flowing is more uniform, is conducive to improve extruding finished product Forming Quality.And the equi-strain rate extrusion die of the present invention can obviously subtract
Small extruding dead zone is located at extrusion cylinder and reduces with the region that extrusion die intersection metal is not plastically deformed that is, in extrusion process,
It reduces and squeezes the negative effect that dead zone generates during extrusion forming.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the extrusion die of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure of the big head mould of the extrusion die of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is a kind of main view of the big head mould of the extrusion die of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is a kind of vertical view of the big head mould of the extrusion die of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is a kind of computation model figure of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of peace of the extrusion die and flat extruding cylinder of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention
Fill front view；
Fig. 7 is a kind of peace of the extrusion die and flat extruding cylinder of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention
Fill vertical view；
Fig. 8 is a kind of usage state diagram of the extrusion die of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the usage state diagram of existing traditional moulds；
Figure 10 is a kind of implementation of the extrusion die of flat cylinder extruding plank Extrusion Die Design method of invention
Illustration.
In figure, 1. big head moulds, 2. proximate matter moulds, 3. die-cushions, 4. extrusion cylinders, 5. dead zones, 6. existing molds；
1-1. deformable cavities, 1-2. entrances, the outlets 1-3..
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of flat cylinder of the present invention, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, wherein as shown in Figure 1, extrusion die packet
Die-cushion 3 is included, 3 end face of die-cushion is installed with proximate matter mould 2, and the other end of proximate matter mould 2 is installed with big head mould 1, such as schemes
Big 1 centers of head mould 2-4 offer section and are set as elliptical deformable cavity 1-1, and deformable cavity 1-1 is provided with entrance 1-2 and goes out
Mouthful 1-3, the elliptical long axis b in cross section of deformable cavity 1-1 are remained unchanged, and the elliptical short axle a in cross section of deformable cavity 1-1 is from entrance
1-2 is gradually reduced to outlet 1-3, and the end face of the setting of big head mould 1 outlet 1-3 is fixedly mounted on proximate matter mould 2, design method packet
The computational methods to the elliptical short axle a change curves in the cross section of deformable cavity 1-1 are included, the specific steps are：
Step 1：Calculate time of the material in deformable cavity 1-1 needed for displacement distance dz：It is set in extrusion process, keeps
Extrusion speed and strain rate are constant, as shown in figure 5, then time of the material in deformable cavity 1-1 needed for displacement distance dz is：
Wherein, v is extrusion speed of the material at z, and z is distance of the material away from deformable cavity entrance；
Step 2, equivalent strain rate of the material at z is calculated：Cross-sectional areas of the deformable cavity 1-1 at z is A=π ab,
In, a is the elliptical short axle in cross section of deformable cavity, and b is the elliptical long axis in cross section of deformable cavity, then material is equivalent at z
Strain rate is：
Step 3, strain rate of the material at z is calculated：Show that material is undergone in displacement distance dz by (1) and (2) formula
Equivalent strain rate is：
Remember v0And a0Speed and deformable cavity entrance section elliptical minor axis length of the material in inlet respectively, then material
Strain rate at z is：
Step 4, strain rate of the calculating material in deformable cavity inlet：Since strain rate is constant, then material is deforming
The strain rate of chamber inlet is：
Step 5, derive that the elliptical short axle a change curves in the cross section of deformable cavity 1-1 are by formula (5)：
Wherein, the extrusion speed of deformable cavity inletλ is extrusion ratio, λ=a in formula0/af, afFor deformable cavity
The elliptical minor axis length in outlet, by v0Bring the change curve that formula (6) obtains the elliptical short axle a in cross section of deformable cavity into
For：
Wherein, L is the length of big head mould, i.e. distance of the deformable cavity entrance to outlet.
Extrusion ratio λ=4~10 in step 5.
The elliptical long axis b in cross section of deformable cavity 1-1 be more than crowded strip width 103%.
As shown in fig. 6,2a0Hole width A is small 5mm-40mm in flat extruding cylinder more mating than institute, 2afPlate thickness more crowded than institute is big
2mm-40mm。
As shown in fig. 7, hole length B is small 5mm-20mm in 2b flat extruding cylinders more mating than institute.The length L of big head mould be 60mm~
300mm。
The extrusion speed of step 1 is 0.2mm/s~2mm/s.
The strain rate of step 1 is 0.005~5s-1。
Center offers second inner chamber and third inner cavity, second inner chamber, third respectively on the proximate matter mould and die-cushion of the present invention
Inner cavity and deformable cavity 1-1 are interconnected and central axis overlaps.The second inner chamber of the present invention and the cross sectional shape of third inner cavity are
Rectangle, it is consistent with required plank section.
The extrusion speed and strain rate of the present invention is according to material selection.
As Figure 8-9, existing mold 6 combines flat extruding cylinder 4 and the extrusion die 1 of the invention designed and flat extruding cylinder 4
The comparison being used together, the extrusion die 1 that the present invention designs can be obviously reduced when flat extruding cylinder 4 is used together squeezes dead zone 5,
It is located at the region that extrusion cylinder is not plastically deformed with extrusion die intersection metal i.e. in extrusion process to reduce, reduces and squeeze extremely
The negative effect that area generates during extrusion forming.
Embodiment
Now squeeze B4C/Al composite materials.
By taking 5MN extruders as an example, using forward extrusion mode, as shown in Figure 10, flat extruding cylinder inner hole section is ellipse,
Hole width A is respectively 120mm, 50mm in interior hole length B and cylinder, and the entrance section of equi-strain rate extrusion die deformable cavity 1 is
Ellipse, 2b=100mm, 2a0The outlet of=36mm, equi-strain rate extrusion die deformable cavity 1 are ellipse, 2b
=100mm, 2af=6mm, then, and λ=a0/af=6, wherein the length L of big head mould is 62.5mm, thenIt squeezes
B4C/Al composite materials are 4 × 10s in strain rate-2, extrusion speed v=0.5mm/s, it is 400 DEG C to squeeze temperature, the extruding
Mold can ensure that equi-strain rate squeezes.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of flat cylinder, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that the extrusion die includes die-cushion (3),
Die-cushion (3) end face is installed with proximate matter mould (2), and the other end of the proximate matter mould (2) is installed with big head mould
(1), big head mould (1) center offers section and is set as elliptical deformable cavity (1-1), and the deformable cavity (1-1) sets
It is equipped with entrance (1-2) and outlet (1-3), the elliptical long axis b in cross section of the deformable cavity (1-1) is remained unchanged, the deformation
The elliptical short axle a in cross section of chamber (1-1) is gradually reduced from entrance (1-2) to outlet (1-3), and the big head mould (1) is provided
The end face of mouth (1-3) is fixedly mounted on proximate matter mould (2), and the design method includes ellipse to the cross section of deformable cavity (1-1)
The computational methods of round short axle a change curves, the specific steps are：
Step 1：Calculate time of the material in deformable cavity (1-1) needed for displacement distance dz：It is set in extrusion process, keeps squeezing
Press speed and strain rate it is constant, then time of the material in deformable cavity (1-1) needed for displacement distance dz be：
Wherein, v is extrusion speed of the material at z, and z is distance of the material away from deformable cavity entrance；
Step 2, equivalent strain rate of the material at z is calculated：Cross-sectional area of the deformable cavity (1-1) at z is A=π ab,
In, a is the elliptical short axle in cross section of deformable cavity, and b is the elliptical long axis in cross section of deformable cavity, then material is equivalent at z
Strain rate is：
Step 3, strain rate of the material at z is calculated：Show that material undergoes equivalent in displacement distance dz by (1) and (2) formula
Strain rate is：
Remember v0And a0It is speed and deformable cavity entrance section elliptical minor axis length of the material in inlet respectively, then material is at z
Strain rate be：
Step 4, strain rate of the calculating material in deformable cavity inlet：Since strain rate is constant, then material enters in deformable cavity
Mouthful at strain rate be：
Step 5, derive that the elliptical short axle a change curves in the cross section of deformable cavity (1-1) are by formula (5)：
Wherein, the extrusion speed of deformable cavity inletλ is extrusion ratio, λ=a in formula0/af, afIt is exported for deformable cavity
The elliptical minor axis length in section, by v0The change curve for bringing the elliptical short axle a in cross section that formula (6) obtains deformable cavity into is：
Wherein, L is the length of big head mould, i.e. distance of the deformable cavity entrance to outlet.
2. a kind of flat cylinder according to claim 1, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that step 5
Described in extrusion ratio λ=4~10.
3. a kind of flat cylinder according to claim 1, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that the change
The elliptical long axis b in cross section of shape chamber (1-1) be more than crowded strip width 103%.
4. a kind of flat cylinder according to claim 1, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that 2a0Compare institute
The small 5mm-40mm of hole width, 2a in mating flat extruding cylinderfPlate thickness more crowded than institute is big 2mm-40mm.
5. a kind of flat cylinder according to claim 1, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that 2b compares institute
The small 5mm-20mm of hole length in mating flat extruding cylinder.
6. a kind of flat cylinder according to claim 1, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that described big
The length L of head mould is 60mm~300mm.
7. a kind of flat cylinder according to claim 1, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that step 1
The extrusion speed is 0.2mm/s~2mm/s.
8. a kind of flat cylinder according to claim 1, which squeezes, uses plank Extrusion Die Design method, which is characterized in that step 1
The strain rate is 0.005~5s-1。
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| CN201710344641.2A CN107185987B (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | A kind of flat extruding cylinder plank Extrusion Die Design method |
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| CN201710344641.2A CN107185987B (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | A kind of flat extruding cylinder plank Extrusion Die Design method |
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| CN107185987B true CN107185987B (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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| CN100463989C (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2009-02-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cariaceous high-damping deformation magnesium alloy and its prepn process |
| JP5571479B2 (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2014-08-13 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Extrusion dies |
| KR20130139589A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2013-12-23 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Extrusion mold and manufacturing method of extruded product using buffer pad |
| CN106140852B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2017-11-10 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of high-strength tenacity fine grain light-alloy tubing prepares mould and preparation method thereof |
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