CN102133582B - Mold/non-mode combined pulling process and device - Google Patents
Mold/non-mode combined pulling process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102133582B CN102133582B CN 201110114389 CN201110114389A CN102133582B CN 102133582 B CN102133582 B CN 102133582B CN 201110114389 CN201110114389 CN 201110114389 CN 201110114389 A CN201110114389 A CN 201110114389A CN 102133582 B CN102133582 B CN 102133582B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal plastic processing, and particularly provides a mold/non-mold combined pulling process and a device. The device is characterized in that a pulling mold is directly installed between a heater and a cooling machine of a non-mold pulling device, the waste heat of non-mold pulling is utilized fully, so that the mold puling and sizing with temperature can be completed before the non-mold pulling is molded, and the surface quality is improved. In the invention, the pulling force is reduced greatly, the intermediate heat treatment or heating process of the traditional process is saved, the mold consumption is reduced, the energy resource is saved, the production cost is lowered, a high-quality metal product can be pulled and molded in short flow range, and the advantages that the deformation amount of the non-mold pulling is large, the precise of the mold pulling size is high and the like can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Metal Forming technical field, a kind of mould/without mould associating drawing process and device of having particularly is provided.
Background technology
The drawing goods such as metal pipe material, bar, section bar, wire rod and silk material have extensive and important purposes in national economy and defence and military.Along with the fast development of national economy, defence and military and new and high technology, increasing to the demand of drawing metallic article, performance requirement is also more and more higher.And, entered since 21 century, the present situation of ecological deterioration, natural resources and energy resources shortage has proposed new challenge to manufacturing industry, the drawing processing that requires metallic article is to short flow process, nearly end form, high efficiency, low cost, energy-saving and cost-reducing future development, improve the quality of traditional drawing metallic article, improve the drawing processing characteristics of difficult-to-machine metal, exploitation high added value drawing metallic article becomes main development trend.
The drawing process of producing at present metallic article include die drawing pull out with two kinds of dieless drawings [Wen Jinglin, etc. non-ferrous metal extruding and drawing technique [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2007].
Produce in the metallic article there being die drawing to pull out, the most normal employing is the fixed die drawing process.It is accurate to adopt this process forming metallic article to have size, any surface finish and drawing device and device are simple, the advantage such as easy to maintenance, but it is many to exist drawing passes, the passage reduction of area is little, die life is short, break the frequency height, product surface easily scratches and cracks, intermediate annealing often, production cycle is long, lumber recovery uniformity and stability low and quality of item and performance are difficult to the problems such as assurance, some high strength, high friction, inductile difficult-to-machine metal goods adopt the fixed die drawing process to be difficult to be shaped, seriously restricted development and application [the Manel Rodr í guez Ripoll of difficult-to-machine metal goods, et al. Reduction of tensile residual stresses during the drawing process of tungsten wires[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2010,527(13-14): 3064-3072].
In order to solve the problem that exists when the fixed die drawing process is produced metallic article, back tension drawing, the drawing new technologies such as vibration drawing, roller die drawing and electric plastic pulling have in succession been developed, reducing pulling capacity and energy resource consumption, increase the passage reduction of area, the power of reducing friction prolongs die life, improve drawing speed and production efficiency, prevent the seizure die wall, reduce the rate of breaking, improve products surface quality and played positive role in various degree with aspects such as improving mechanical property.But, the same with the fixed die drawing process because these drawing process have still adopted mould, the problem such as it is less to exist equally the passage reduction of area, and required pulling capacity is larger, and the energy and metal consumption are larger, and production cost is higher.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned problem that has die drawing to pull out the technique existence, 20 century 70s have been developed dieless drawing technique, by adopting induction heater (or resistance heater, laser heater, the modes such as dielectric heater) Zone Heating For Metal is arrived high temperature, with the speed drawing metal of setting, cool off the control local deformation by water spray (or other liquids and gases) cooler, obtain goods [the You Huh of permanent cross section or variable cross-section, et al. Dieless drawing steel wires using a dielectric heating method and modeling the process dynamics[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2010,210(13): 1702-1708].This technique is a kind ofly not use traditional drawing mould and carry out the flexible processing method of metal drawing, have a series of outstanding advantages: belong to heat processing technique, drawing process is specially adapted to the processing of poor, the easy sticking to mould of plasticity, high strength, high friction, the very unmanageable metal material of the conventional drawing process of employing without friction, unlubricated; Adopt on-line heating, forming process is easy to control; Required pulling capacity is little; Single passage can obtain larger reduction of area; Oxidation on metal surface is few after the drawing; Unit scale is little, and flexibility is high, not limited by mould, has versatility, easily realizes automatically control; High efficiency, low energy consumption, pollution-free, without mould consumption, using rate of metal is high, and production cost is low.But, since in the dieless drawing without mould constraint, be free deformation, with have die drawing to pull out technique to compare, it is larger to exist technological parameter fluctuation, forming process stability is difficult to control with uniformity, product size lack of homogeneity (for example wire surface easily produces waveform or Bamboo-shaped defective vertically), quality of item is unstable, the problem such as easily break in the drawing process, seriously restricted [the M D Naughton that applies of dieless drawing technique, et al. An experimental analysis of the dieless drawing process (Variant B) using ELI grade Ti-6AL-4V wire alloy[J]. Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 2008,222(2): 225-236].
In order to bring into play the advantage of dieless drawing, overcome its deficiency, the researcher has developed dieless drawing and has had die drawing to pull out the drawing process that hockets, solve size fluctuation and even Bamboo-shaped defective [the Y Kawaguchi that the dieless drawing molded article occurs by there being die drawing to pull out, et al. Applications of dieless drawing to Ti-Ni wire drawing and tapered steel wire manufacturing[J]. Wire Journal International, 1991,24(12): 53-58]; Perhaps with dieless drawing device and have the die drawing pulling device to be arranged on the production line as the front and back operation, developed the dieless drawing that consisted of successively by feeding mechanism, heater, cooler, drawing mould and haulage gear-have die drawing to pull out continuous drawing technique and device [P Tiernan, et al. Dieless wire drawing---an experimental and numerical analysis[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2004,155-156(30): 1178-1183].These drawing process and device have solved some engineering problem in the metallic article dieless drawing to a certain extent, help applying of dieless drawing technique, but all be after the dieless drawing large deformation is finished, there is again die drawing to pull out typing and improves surface quality, fail to give full play to the advantage of the two, still can't fundamentally solve dieless drawing and have die drawing to pull out separately built-in problem, the low-cost high-efficiency drawing that is restricting the high-test metal goods is produced.
Therefore, for adopting the problem that exists in the existing drawing process form metal goods, develop a kind of short flow high efficiency drawing new technology and device of producing the high-test metal goods, shorten to greatest extent existing drawing production process flow process, improve the quality and performance of drawing forming metallic article, improve lumber recovery and production efficiency, reduce production costs, accelerate the development of drawing process and device and apply, expansion drawing goods kind and specification and range of application, tool is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is by between direct heater at the dieless drawing device and the cooler drawing mould being installed, purpose be to develop on this basis a kind of with dieless drawing and have that die drawing pulls out that two kinds of drawing process unite two into one mould/without mould associating drawing process (being called again " half dieless drawing technique ") arranged, and a kind of mould/without mould associating draw-off gear (being called again " half dieless drawing device ") arranged, take full advantage of the waste heat of dieless drawing, guaranteeing to have finished before dieless drawing is shaped not yet end the mould temperature pulls out typing and improves surface quality, the decrease pulling capacity, omit intermediate heat-treatment or the heating process of traditional handicraft, reduce mould consumption, energy savings, reduce production costs, short flow high efficiency drawing forming high-test metal goods, it is large to have the dieless drawing deflection concurrently, there is die drawing to pull out the dimensional accuracy advantages of higher, solving has die drawing to pull out the problem that technique and dieless drawing technique exist at present when producing metallic article, and a kind of mould/without mould associating drawing process and device of having is provided.
A kind of have a mould/be without mould associating drawing process: a kind of in metal pipe material, bar, section bar or the wire rod of the metal stock of choosing (1); The drawing metal stock (1) for the treatment of behind the pointing is passed feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6) successively; Then, start feeding mechanism (2), blank is fed forward with feed rate Vi; Opening heater (3) is heated to its melting temperature Tm(with metal stock (1) and represents unit K with absolute temperature) 0.40 ~ 0.95 times between; Under the effect of drawing mould (4), make metal finish drawing typing and surface quality improvement; Unlatching cooler (5) cools off the metal of drawing forming; Simultaneously, start haulage gear (6), metallic article (7) is moved forward with drawing speed Vo.Obtaining the contraction percentage of area than (wherein 1＜Vo/Vi＜4) and can reach 70% the goods such as the high-test metal tubing that surface smoothness is good, dimensional accuracy is high, bar, section bar, wire rod and silk material by control drawing speed Vo and blank feed rate Vi.
A kind of have a mould/without mould associating draw-off gear, it is characterized in that draw-off gear constitutes: be comprised of feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6); Metal stock (1) is under the effect of feeding mechanism (2), and Vi is fed forward with feed rate; , at feeding mechanism (2) back mounting heater (3) blank is heated along blank drawing direction; Along blank drawing direction drawing mould (4) is installed in heater (3) back, is finished drawing typing and the surface quality of blank and improve; Along blank drawing direction cooler (5) is installed in drawing mould (4) back, the metal temperature that drawing mould (4) is located is controlled, realize having the mould temperature to pull into shape, and the metallic article (7) after being shaped is cooled off fast; Haulage gear (6) is installed in cooler (5) back, Vo is greater than feed rate Vi for the control drawing speed, guarantee that metal stock produces dieless drawing and is shaped between heater (3) and drawing mould (4), and in drawing mould (4), finished the mould drawing forming, realize simultaneously the continuous drawing of metallic article (7).
Described heater (3) is a kind of in resistance heater, gas heater, plasma heater, induction heater, liquid heater, dielectric heater or the laser heater.
Described cooler (5) is a kind of in liquid chiller, gas cooler, heat pipe cooler or the pressed powder cooler.
Described a kind of mould/intellectuality can be installed or automatic online detects and closed-loop feedback control system without mould associating draw-off gear of having realizes that intellectuality or automation have mould/without mould associating drawing.
The described a kind of mould/protective gas feed system can be installed without mould associating draw-off gear of having prevents that oxidation occurs in the metal surface in the drawing forming process.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1. mould/can improve metallic article drawing forming process conditions without mould associating drawing process is arranged, the decrease pulling capacity, increase the passage reduction of area, shorten drawing passes, improve production efficiency and product quality reduces mould and metal consumption, and omitting tradition has die drawing to pull out intermediate heat-treatment or the heating process of technique, energy savings reduces production costs.
2. mould/have wide range of applications without mould associating drawing process is arranged, can be used for ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal, the drawing forming that also can be used for laminar composite, gradient composites and the homogeneous composite material of this metalloid, and can lack the goods such as flow process, the efficient drawing production of nearly end form metal pipe material, bar, section bar, wire rod and silk material, be particularly useful for the drawing forming of difficult processing metal.
3. mould/have great promotional value without mould associating drawing process and device is arranged, as long as between the heater of dieless drawing device and cooler, install existing any drawing mould, all can develop has mould accordingly/without mould associating drawing process and device.
4. mould/simple in structure without mould associating draw-off gear is arranged, operating maintenance convenient, production efficiency is high, applied widely, on a table apparatus, can produce the goods of multiple kind and specification, the high-test metal goods that the suitability for industrialized production surface smoothness is good in batches, dimensional accuracy is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of mould/without mould associating draw-off gear configuration schematic diagram of having of the present invention.Wherein (1) is metal stock; (2) be feeding mechanism; (3) be heater; (4) be drawing mould; (5) be cooler; (6) be haulage gear; (7) be metallic article.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is specifically described; be necessary to be pointed out that at this present embodiment only is used for the present invention is further specified; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the those of skill in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of the invention described above.
To of the present invention mould/be described as follows without mould associating draw-off gear arranged by reference to the accompanying drawings:
Described have a mould/constitute without mould associating draw-off gear: be comprised of feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6).Metal stock (1) is under the effect of feeding mechanism (2), and Vi is fed forward with feed rate; , at feeding mechanism (2) back mounting heater (3) blank is heated along blank drawing direction; Along blank drawing direction drawing mould (4) is installed in heater (3) back, is finished drawing typing and the surface quality of blank and improve; Along blank drawing direction cooler (5) is installed in drawing mould (4) back, the metal temperature that drawing mould (4) is located is controlled, realize having the mould temperature to pull into shape, and the metallic article (7) after being shaped is cooled off fast; Haulage gear (6) is installed in cooler (5) back, Vo is greater than feed rate Vi for the control drawing speed, guarantee that metal stock produces dieless drawing and is shaped between heater (3) and drawing mould (4), and in drawing mould (4), finished the mould drawing forming, realize simultaneously the continuous drawing of metallic article (7).
Described heater (3) is a kind of in resistance heater, gas heater, plasma heater, induction heater, liquid heater, dielectric heater or the laser heater.
Described cooler (5) is a kind of in liquid chiller, gas cooler, heat pipe cooler or the pressed powder cooler.
Described a kind of mould/intellectuality can be installed or automatic online detects and closed-loop feedback control system without mould associating draw-off gear of having realizes that intellectuality or automation have mould/without mould associating drawing.
The described a kind of mould/protective gas feed system can be installed without mould associating draw-off gear of having prevents that oxidation occurs in the metal surface in the drawing forming process.
Embodiment 1:
The nearly wire rod such as niti-shaped memorial alloy such as atomic ratio such as grade of choosing diameter 6 mm is blank, passes successively feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6) behind the pointing; Then, opening heater (3) is heated 783K(and is 0.50 times of its melting temperature Tm); Start simultaneously feeding mechanism (2) and haulage gear (6), under the condition of the ratio Vo/Vi=2.2 of drawing speed Vo and blank feed rate Vi, finished mould/without mould associating drawing by the effect of drawing mould (4) and cooler (5); Obtain diameter 4 mm, surface smoothness is good, dimensional accuracy the is high atomic ratio niti-shaped memorial alloy wire rod such as near.
Embodiment 2:
304 STAINLESS STEEL WIREs of choosing diameter 6 mm are blank, pass successively feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6) behind the pointing; Then, opening heater (3) is heated 1540K(and is 0.90 times of its melting temperature Tm); Start simultaneously feeding mechanism (2) and haulage gear (6), under the condition of the ratio Vo/Vi=2.8 of drawing speed Vo and blank feed rate Vi, finished mould/without mould associating drawing by the effect of drawing mould (4) and cooler (5); Obtain diameter 3.6 mm, surface smoothness is good, dimensional accuracy is high 304 STAINLESS STEEL WIREs.
Embodiment 3:
The YL12 aluminium alloy wires of choosing diameter 6 mm is blank, passes successively feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6) behind the pointing; Then, opening heater (3) is heated 745K(and is 0.85 times of its melting temperature Tm); Start simultaneously feeding mechanism (2) and haulage gear (6), under the condition of the ratio Vo/Vi=2.3 of drawing speed Vo and blank feed rate Vi, finished mould/without mould associating drawing by the effect of drawing mould (4) and cooler (5); Obtain diameter 4 mm, surface smoothness is good, dimensional accuracy is high YL12 aluminium alloy wires.
Embodiment 4:
The BFe10-1-1 alloy pipe of choosing external diameter 10 mm, wall thickness 2 mm is blank, passes successively feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6) behind the pointing; Then, opening heater (3) is heated 1040 K(and is 0.75 times of its melting temperature Tm); Start simultaneously feeding mechanism (2) and haulage gear (6), under the condition of the ratio Vo/Vi=1.5 of drawing speed Vo and blank feed rate Vi, finished mould/without mould associating drawing by the effect of drawing mould (4) and cooler (5); Obtain external diameter 7.7 mm, wall thickness 1.5 mm, surface smoothness is good, dimensional accuracy is high BFe10-1-1 alloy pipe.
Embodiment 5:
The Cu-12wt%Al alloy wire of choosing diameter 6 mm is blank, passes successively feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6) behind the pointing; Then, opening heater (3) is heated 782 K(and is 0.60 times of its melting temperature Tm); Start simultaneously feeding mechanism (2) and haulage gear (6), under the condition of the ratio Vo/Vi=2.8 of drawing speed Vo and blank feed rate Vi, finished mould/without mould associating drawing by the effect of drawing mould (4) and cooler (5); Obtain diameter 3.6 mm, surface smoothness is good, dimensional accuracy is high Cu-12wt%Al alloy wire.
Claims (6)
1. one kind has mould/without mould associating drawing process, it is characterized in that a kind of in metal pipe material, bar, section bar or the wire rod of the metal stock (1) chosen; The drawing metal stock (1) for the treatment of behind the pointing is passed feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6) successively; Then, start feeding mechanism (2), blank is fed forward with feed rate Vi; Open heater (3) and metal stock (1) is heated between 0.40 ~ 0.95 times of its melting temperature Tm, Tm represents with absolute temperature, unit K; Under the effect of drawing mould (4), make metal finish drawing typing and surface quality improvement; Unlatching cooler (5) cools off the metal of drawing forming; Simultaneously, start haulage gear (6), metallic article (7) is moved forward with drawing speed Vo; Ratio by control drawing speed Vo and blank feed rate Vi obtains the contraction percentage of area and can reach 70% high-test metal tubing, bar, section bar, wire rod or silk material products, wherein 1＜Vo/Vi＜4.
One kind adopt claim 1 described mould/without mould associating drawing process arranged mould/without mould associating draw-off gear arranged, it is characterized in that draw-off gear is comprised of feeding mechanism (2), heater (3), drawing mould (4), cooler (5) and haulage gear (6); Metal stock (1) is under the effect of feeding mechanism (2), and Vi is fed forward with feed rate; , at feeding mechanism (2) back mounting heater (3) blank is heated along blank drawing direction; Along blank drawing direction drawing mould (4) is installed in heater (3) back, is finished drawing typing and the surface quality of blank and improve; Along blank drawing direction cooler (5) is installed in drawing mould (4) back, the metal temperature that drawing mould (4) is located is controlled, realize having the mould temperature to pull into shape, and the metallic article (7) after being shaped is cooled off fast; Haulage gear (6) is installed in cooler (5) back, Vo is greater than feed rate Vi for the control drawing speed, guarantee that metal stock produces dieless drawing and is shaped between heater (3) and drawing mould (4), and in drawing mould (4), finished the mould drawing forming, realize simultaneously the continuous drawing of metallic article (7).
3. a kind of as claimed in claim 2 have a mould/without mould associating draw-off gear, it is characterized in that a kind of in resistance heater, gas heater, plasma heater, induction heater, liquid heater, dielectric heater or the laser heater of described heater (3).
4. a kind of as claimed in claim 2 have a mould/without mould associating draw-off gear, it is characterized in that a kind of in liquid chiller, gas cooler, heat pipe cooler or the pressed powder cooler of described cooler (5).
5. a kind of as claimed in claim 2 have a mould/without mould associating draw-off gear, it is characterized in that mould is arranged/intellectuality is installed or automatic online detects and closed-loop feedback control system without mould associating draw-off gear, realizes that intellectuality or automation have mould/without mould associating drawing.
6. a kind of as claimed in claim 2 have a mould/without mould associating draw-off gear, it is characterized in that the described mould/protective gas feed system is installed without mould associating draw-off gear of having, and prevents that oxidation occurs in the metal surface in the drawing forming process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110114389 CN102133582B (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | Mold/non-mode combined pulling process and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110114389 CN102133582B (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | Mold/non-mode combined pulling process and device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102133582A CN102133582A (en) | 2011-07-27 |
| CN102133582B true CN102133582B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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| CN 201110114389 Expired - Fee Related CN102133582B (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | Mold/non-mode combined pulling process and device |
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| CN103567251B (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2016-03-02 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of Novel planetary pipe mill |
| CN103567241B (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2016-08-03 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of planet tube grimper with chip collecting device |
| CN103567240B (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2016-03-30 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of pipe drawing device of planet tube grimper |
| CN104438387B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-06-08 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method improving metal unconfinement plastic making stability |
| CN105772521B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-09-07 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | A kind of silk material preparation facilities of heating-wire drawing-finish draw shaping-cooling |
| CN106964680B (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2019-03-15 | 东北大学 | A kind of continuous dieless forming device and method of metal bellows |
| CN107639122B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-10-11 | 江西勇骏实业有限公司 | Roller type small copper continuous drawing unit |
| CN108787765A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-13 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of laser assisted non-mould drawing forming |
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| CN109647916A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-19 | 东南大学 | A method of high-tensile steel wires are prepared using roller die drawing joint cold-drawing process |
| CN110238214A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-17 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high speed steel temperature pulls out technique |
| CN110918665B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-09-07 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | High rare earth content aluminum alloy wire drawing die |
| CN113083922A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-09 | 西北工业大学 | Induction heating auxiliary drawing device for preparing capillary tube |
| CN117772780B (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-05-07 | 广州众山精密科技有限公司 | Preparation process of titanium-aluminum bimetal composite profile and profile |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS58141809A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-08-23 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Manufacture of composite material |
| CN1086323C (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2002-06-19 | 东北大学 | Technology for casting and drawing steel-aluminum compounded electrically conductive wire |
| US6732562B2 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2004-05-11 | University Of Central Florida | Apparatus and method for drawing continuous fiber |
| CN101020197B (en) * | 2006-10-09 | 2010-09-01 | 北京科技大学 | Intelligent no-mold drawing formation apparatus and process |
| JP4871209B2 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2012-02-08 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Metal material forging method and forging apparatus |
| WO2009047688A2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Robor (Pty) Ltd | Steel tube drawing process and apparatus |
| CN101554636B (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-27 | 北京科技大学 | Dieless drawing forming process of continuous columnar crystal or monocrystal texture metal material |
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