CN108452938B - Movable placer gold mining and selecting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A movable placer gold mining and selecting machine is used for open-pit mining, underground roadway deslagging, ore mining, engineering construction and the like. The device consists of a travelling mechanism, an excavating and feeding mechanism, a conveying and discharging mechanism, a hydraulic system, an operating mechanism thereof and a gold sand screening mechanism; the gold sand screening mechanism is connected with the rear end of the conveying and unloading mechanism, and the sediment materials transported by the conveying and unloading mechanism are washed, filtered and deposited to collect gold particles, and the mud is discharged; the running mechanism completes the forward, backward and steering of the whole machine; the excavating and feeding mechanism collects materials stacked in front of the whole machine into the conveying groove; the conveying and unloading mechanism is used for conveying the materials collected by the excavating and feeding mechanism to the tail part through the front end of the conveying groove and falling into a conveying vehicle waiting at the tail part of the whole machine. The invention has the characteristics of self-walking, stable loading, flexible and convenient operation, continuity and high efficiency and the like, and is mainly suitable for loading and screening the soil mixed with gold particles in the open air without human smoke.

Description

Movable placer gold mining and selecting machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a movable placer gold mining and selecting machine for screening gold from soil.

Background

The existing placer gold picking and selecting equipment has the working mode that soil is slowly filled into the top end of a self-made chute by an excavator, the soil automatically rolls downwards towards the chute which forms a certain angle with the ground due to the earth attraction, a plurality of nozzles are arranged above the chute to spray tap water with certain pressure towards the inside of the chute in the rolling process, gold particles adhered to the soil are deposited in a felt placed at the bottom of the chute in the flushing process, a water storage tank is placed at the bottommost end of the chute, the soil after flushing becomes mud into the water storage tank, one end of the water storage tank is connected with a sand pump, and the sand pump pumps the mud out and discharges the mud into a ditch dug in advance. Because the equipment cannot walk except the excavator, the equipment has no power source, and is very troublesome when the equipment is completely operated in one place and needs to be converted; in addition, the chute equipment is fixed in a certain place and cannot move, so that the excavator is required to take much time and effort to convey soil at a place far away from the equipment to the vicinity of the chute, and the time and the fuel are wasted. The self-made chute equipment is too simple, the working efficiency is low, the required manpower is too much, and the potential safety hazard is large.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a movable placer gold mining and selecting machine so as to conveniently and quickly screen gold from soil in the field.

In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the placer gold mining and selecting machine consists of a travelling mechanism, an excavating and feeding mechanism, a conveying and discharging mechanism, a hydraulic system and an operating mechanism thereof, and a placer gold screening mechanism; the gold sand screening mechanism is connected with the rear end of the conveying and unloading mechanism, and the gold sand screening mechanism washes, filters and precipitates sediment materials transported by the conveying and unloading mechanism, collects gold particles and discharges mud.

The gold sand screening mechanism consists of a screening device, a spraying device, a guide groove, a connecting water pipe, a water tank, a sand pump, a chute device, a sand pump motor and a bracket; the rear end of the rear section of the screening device and the rear section of the conveying groove is of a detachable connection structure, the screening device is flush with the upper plane of the upper wear-resisting plate in the conveying groove, the screening device is arranged in square frames welded by square tubes at the periphery by round steel or steel bars at equal intervals, and the interval between every two adjacent round steel or steel bars is 5-15mm; the spraying device is arranged at the rear section of the conveying tank and right above the screening device, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the spraying device; the guide groove is fixed at the rear section of the conveying groove and below the screening device, forms an angle of 10-15 degrees with the screening device and is inclined downwards; the connecting water pipe is arranged between the connecting water tank and the sand pump; the water tank and the sand pump are arranged on a bracket, and the bracket is fixed at the tail part of the travelling mechanism; the chute device is connected with the tail part of the travelling mechanism and consists of three layers of a chute I, a chute II and a chute III with different lengths, each layer of chute I, chute II and chute III is fixedly connected by two parallel water tanks through bolts, and felts are arranged in all the chutes; a sand pump motor for providing power for the sand pump is arranged on the sand pump; the silt material is washed by the spraying device through the screening device, fine particles fall to the chute device from the gaps of the screening device through the guide grooves, the felts in the chute I, the chute II and the chute III adsorb gold particles, the mud continuously flows downwards to the water tank along the chute device, and the mud is discharged after being filtered by the sand pump.

The guide wheels, the track shoes, the driving wheels, the supporting wheels, the towing wheels and the tensioning devices of the travelling mechanism form a track assembly, two sets of track assemblies and the travelling motor are respectively arranged on a left track beam and a right track beam to form a left track and a right track, and the left track beam and the right track beam are respectively provided with a left protection plate and a right protection plate; the system comprises a control console, a four-way reversing valve, a diesel engine, a connecting flange, a coupler, an oil pump and an illuminating lamp, wherein the four-way reversing valve, the diesel engine, the connecting flange, the coupler, the oil pump and the illuminating lamp are arranged on a left platform, the four-way reversing valve, the diesel engine and the connecting flange are protected by a left shield, a manual pilot valve, a double foot pilot valve, a double pilot valve, an accelerator and a two-position distributing valve are arranged on the control console, a sealing plate for protecting a hydraulic element and a driving shed for protecting personal safety are arranged on the control console, the driving shed which can be adjusted in height according to the body shape of a driver is connected with the control console through bolts, the oil pump is fixed on the diesel engine by the connecting flange and is connected with the oil pump by the coupler for transmission, and the coupler is provided with a nylon sleeve capable of slowing down impact; the oil tank, the radiator and the diesel tank are arranged on the right platform, the oil tank, the radiator and the diesel tank are protected by a right shield, the oil tank is provided with an air filter, a liquid level meter, an oil absorption filter and an oil return filter, and the diesel tank is provided with the air filter.

The excavating and feeding mechanism is fixedly welded on the transport groove through riding on two sides of the revolving frame, the revolving frame is in a welded structure of a cross beam and a side plate, the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam at the upper part of the revolving frame are connected and reinforced by adopting steel pipes, and the lower part of the revolving frame is in a hollow structure convenient for conveying materials to pass through; the upper part and the lower part of the revolving body are clamped on a cross beam of the revolving frame, and the revolving mechanism adopts a thrust bearing and sliding bearing double-bearing structure; the large arm is arranged on the revolving body, one end of the large arm is hinged with the revolving body, the other end of the large arm is hinged with one end of the small arm, the other end of the small arm is hinged with the bucket, the small arm is hinged with the bucket through the outer connecting rod and the bucket oil cylinder through the inner connecting plate, the large arm oil cylinder is hinged between the revolving body and the large arm, the small arm oil cylinder is hinged between the large arm and the small arm, and one side of the revolving body is hinged with the revolving cylinder on one side of the revolving frame.

The front part of a transport groove of the conveying and unloading mechanism is hinged with the chassis frame through hinge shafts at two sides, and the rear end of the transport groove is hinged with the chassis frame through a lifting oil cylinder; the collecting shovel port is welded at the forefront end of the transport groove; the transport tank consists of a detachable transport tank front section, a transport tank middle section and a transport tank rear section; the driven shaft of the driven wheel assembly is fixed by self-aligning bearings at two ends and an elastic retainer ring for the shaft, the driven shaft is sealed by a sealing ring, a driven chain wheel is arranged on the driven shaft and is fixed by a flat key and the elastic retainer ring for the shaft, a supporting plate is paved at the front section of the conveying groove, and the upper plane of the supporting plate and the upper plane of a wear-resisting plate paved on the conveying groove are on the same line; the driving shaft at the rear part of the conveying groove is fixed by self-aligning bearings at two ends and elastic check rings for shafts, the driving shaft of the driving wheel assembly is provided with a driving chain wheel and is fixed by a flat key and the elastic check rings for shafts, the left side of the driving wheel assembly is provided with a conveying motor, and the outer side of the conveying motor is provided with a protection plate; the adjusting bolts used for adjusting the tightness of the chains are fixed on the adjusting frames through bolts, and the adjusting frames are arranged at the rear sections of the conveying grooves; the upper part of the chain is welded with a pressing chain plate, the lower part of the chain is provided with a towing chain wheel, and the towing chain wheels are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the two sides of the front section and the rear section of the conveying trough; an observation window sealing plate is arranged at the front section of the transport tank and the rear section of the transport tank; the chain is hinged with the plurality of scrapers by pin shafts, and the plurality of scrapers are uniformly distributed on the chain along the conveying groove.

The hydraulic system and the operating mechanism thereof consist of a manual pilot valve, a duplex pedal pilot valve, a duplex pilot valve, a two-position distribution valve, a quadruple multi-way reversing valve, an oil pump, a lifting oil cylinder, a traveling motor, a high-pressure pipeline filter, an air filter, a liquid level meter, an oil absorption filter, an oil tank, an oil return filter, a radiator, a bucket oil cylinder, a small arm oil cylinder, a large arm oil cylinder, a rotary oil cylinder, a five-way multi-way reversing valve and a conveying motor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a brand new structural design, integrates a travelling mechanism, an excavating and feeding mechanism, a conveying and discharging mechanism, a hydraulic system and an operating mechanism thereof as well as a placer gold screening mechanism, takes a self-contained diesel engine as power, adopts hydraulic and mechanical transmission, and realizes continuous excavating, raking, conveying and screening. The device has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure, low failure rate, simple and convenient maintenance, flexible movement, safe and reliable work, capability of effectively reducing the labor intensity of operators, reducing casualties, eliminating potential safety hazards and improving the construction efficiency. Has the characteristics of self-walking, stable loading, flexible and convenient operation, continuity, high efficiency and the like. The method is suitable for loading and screening the soil mixed with gold particles in the open air without human smoke, deslagging the underground roadway, mining ores, engineering construction and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the running gear of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a rear view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the excavating and loading mechanism of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the conveyor discharge mechanism of fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the placer gold screening mechanism of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8 and 9, the invention mainly comprises a travelling mechanism 1, a digging and feeding mechanism 2, a conveying and discharging mechanism 3, a hydraulic system and an operating mechanism 4 thereof, a gold sand screening mechanism 5 and an electric control system, wherein the self-contained diesel engine is used as a power source for driving, hydraulic and mechanical transmission is adopted, a working mechanism and the travelling mechanism are combined into a whole in a vehicle mode, a self-moving raking and gold sand picking machine is formed, the walking, steering and braking of the whole machine are realized, the gold sand screening mechanism 5 finishes the collection of gold particles after a series of procedures such as flushing, filtering and sedimentation are carried out on sediment materials transported by the conveying and discharging mechanism 3, and finally mud is discharged into a pre-dug ditch.

The gold-sand screening mechanism 5 has a function of screening and collecting metal particles. The placer gold screening mechanism 5 mainly comprises a screening device 87, a spraying device 91, a guide groove 93, a connecting water pipe 94, a water tank 95, a sand pump 96, a chute device 97, a sand pump motor 102, a bracket 103 and the like. The screening device 87 is connected with the rear end of the rear section 76 of the conveying trough of the conveying and unloading mechanism 3 and can be detached, cleaned or maintained for reuse; the screening device 87 is flush with the upper plane of the upper wear-resistant plate in the transport groove 78, the screening device 87 is arranged at equal intervals by round steel or steel bars with uniform specification, then is arranged in a square frame welded by square tubes, and the intervals between adjacent round steel or steel bars are required to be equal and are in the range of 5-15 mm; the spraying device 91 is arranged on the rear section 76 of the conveying trough and right above the screening device 87, a plurality of nozzles 92 are arranged on the spraying device 91, and the quantity of the installed nozzles 92 is required to ensure that water can be sprayed onto sediment materials without dead angles when passing through the screening device 87; the guide groove 93 is fixed on the rear section 76 of the transport groove, below the screening device 87, forms a fixed angle of 10-15 degrees with the screening device 87 and is inclined downwards; the connecting water pipe 94 is arranged between the connecting water tank 95 and the sand pump 96; the water tank 95 and the sand pump 96 are arranged on the bracket 103, and the bracket 103 is fixed at the tail part of the travelling mechanism 1; the chute device 97 is connected with the tail part of the travelling mechanism 1 and consists of three layers of a chute I99, a chute II 100 and a chute III 101 with different lengths, each layer of chute I99, chute II 100 and chute III 101 are connected and fixed by two parallel water tanks through bolts, felt 98 is placed in all the chutes, when the lifting cylinder 25 is driven to control the rear part of the conveying and discharging mechanism 3 to rise to the limit position, the chute device 97 moves synchronously along with the conveying and discharging mechanism 3 and stretches out, the three layers of chute I99, chute II 100 and chute III 101 incline downwards in sequence, and the angles of 10 degrees to 15 degrees are formed between the adjacent chute I99, chute II 100 and chute III 101; when the lifting oil cylinder 25 is driven to control the rear part of the conveying and discharging mechanism 3 to descend to the limit position, the chute device 97 moves synchronously along with the conveying and discharging mechanism 3 and is overlapped, and the state is a non-working state; a sand pump motor 102 that powers the sand pump 96 is mounted to the sand pump 96; the silt material is washed by the spraying device 91 through the screening device 87, fine particles fall into the chute device 97 from the gaps of the screening device 87 through the guide grooves 93, the gold particles are adsorbed by the felt 98 in the chute device 97, the mud continuously flows downwards into the water tank 95 along the chute device 97, and is filtered by the sand pump 96 and then discharged; large sand and stones in the sediment materials are scraped along with a scraper 84 on the conveying and discharging mechanism 3.

The running mechanism 1 realizes the functions of advancing, retreating, steering and the like of the whole machine. The hydraulic control system mainly comprises a control console 6, a manual pilot valve 7, a starting switch 8, a duplex foot pilot valve 9, a duplex pilot valve 10, an accelerator 11, a driving shed 13, a two-position distribution valve 15, a diesel engine water tank 16, a duplex multi-way reversing valve 17, a diesel engine 18, a left shield 19, a connecting flange 20, a coupler 21, an oil pump 22, an illuminating lamp 23, a guide wheel 24, a lifting oil cylinder 25, a track shoe 26, a tensioning device 27, a storage battery 29, a protective chain plate 30, a drag chain wheel 31, a left track beam 32, a thrust wheel 33, a driving wheel 34, a traveling motor 35, a right platform 36, a front cross beam 37, a high-pressure pipeline filter 39, a rear cross beam 40, a left platform 41, a right shield 42, an air filter 43, a liquid level meter 44, an oil suction filter 45, an oil tank 46, an oil return filter 47, a radiator 48, a diesel tank 49, a right track beam 50 and the like. The track shoe 26, the driving wheel 34, the guiding wheel 24, the supporting wheel 33, the dragging wheel 31 and the tensioning device 27 form a track assembly, the track assembly and the traveling motor 35 are respectively arranged on the left track beam 32 and the right track beam 50 to form a left track and a right track, the two traveling motors 35 respectively control the forward and backward movements of the left track and the right track, when the left steering is performed, only the right traveling motor is required to work, and when the right steering is performed, only the left traveling motor is required to work; the left track beam 32 and the right track beam 50 are respectively provided with a left protection plate 28 and a right protection plate 51, and the tightness of the left track chain and the right track chain can be respectively adjusted by filling butter by respectively opening the left protection plate 28 and the right protection plate 51; the driver console 6, the four-way reversing valve 17, the diesel engine 18, the connecting flange 20, the coupler 21, the oil pump 22 and the illuminating lamp 23 are arranged on the left platform 41, the four-way reversing valve 17, the diesel engine 18, the connecting flange 20, the coupler 21, the oil pump 22 and the illuminating lamp 23 are protected by a left shield 19, the driver console 6 is provided with a manual pilot valve 7, a double pedal pilot valve 9, a double pilot valve 10, an accelerator 11 and a two-position distributing valve 15, and is provided with a sealing plate 12, so that hydraulic elements can be effectively protected, a driving cab 13 is arranged to protect personal safety, the driving cab 13 is connected with the driver console 6 through bolts 14, and the driving cab 13 can be adjusted according to the body shape of a driver; the oil tank 46, the radiator 48 and the diesel tank 49 are arranged on the right platform 36, the oil tank 46, the radiator 48 and the diesel tank 49 are protected by the right shield 42, and the oil tank 46 is provided with the air filter 43, the liquid level meter 44, the oil suction filter 45 and the oil return filter 47; the diesel tank 49 is provided with an air cleaner 43; the oil pump 22 is fixed on the diesel engine 18 by the coupling flange 20 and is connected with the diesel engine by the coupling 21 for transmission, and the nylon sleeve in the coupling can play a role in reducing impact. The starting switch 8 is turned on, the diesel engine 18 is started, after waiting for about 1-3 minutes, the accelerator 11 is operated to work normally, the diesel engine 18 drives the oil pump 22, and the hydraulic system and the operating mechanism 4 are started; the hydraulic system and the operating mechanism 4 thereof drive the traveling motor 35, and the driving wheel 34 is driven to rotate through mechanical transmission, and the driving wheel 34 drives the track shoe 26 to move, so that the traveling, steering and other functions of the traveling mechanism 1 are realized; when the double pedal pilot valve 9 is controlled to make the walking motor 35 not work, the whole machine can be stopped on the slope, and the hydraulic device in the walking motor 35 is used for braking. The front beam 37 and the rear beam 40 are respectively connected with the left track beam 32 and the right track beam 50 through bolts 38 to form a track chassis, so that the track chassis can be disassembled into a plurality of small components, and when the mine tunnel section is not larger than the overall dimension of the whole machine, the whole machine can be disassembled and transported to a well, and then assembled underground for reuse.

The excavating and feeding mechanism 2 has the functions of rotation, excavating, raking and feeding and the like, and mainly works to collect materials stacked in front of the whole machine into the transport groove 78 of the conveying and discharging mechanism 3, so that the transport groove 78 is convenient for conveying the materials onto a transport vehicle. The hydraulic excavator mainly comprises an excavator bucket 52, an inner connecting plate 53, an outer connecting rod 54, an excavator bucket oil cylinder 55, a small arm 56, a large arm 57, a small arm oil cylinder 58, a large arm oil cylinder 59, a revolving body 60, a revolving frame 61, a revolving oil cylinder 62, a five-way multi-way reversing valve 63, a protection plate 64 and the like. The excavating and feeding mechanism 2 is ridden on the transport groove 78 through two sides of the revolving frame 61 and is firmly welded with the transport groove, the revolving frame 61 is of a welded structure of a cross beam and a side plate, the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam at the upper part of the revolving frame 61 are connected and reinforced by adopting steel pipes, and meanwhile, the excavating and feeding mechanism is used as a revolving seat of the revolving body 60, and the lower part of the revolving frame 61 is hollow, so that materials can be conveniently conveyed to pass through; the upper and lower parts of the revolving body 60 are clamped on the cross beam of the revolving frame 61, the revolving mechanism adopts a thrust bearing and sliding bearing double-bearing mode, the structure of the upper and lower clamping type revolving mechanism is reasonable, the looseness and the breakage of the revolving bearing seat and the damage of the revolving mechanism caused by excavation construction can be effectively prevented, the service life of a raking machine is greatly prolonged, and the maintenance of equipment is reduced; the large arm 57 is arranged on the revolving body 60, one end of the large arm 57 is hinged with the revolving body 60, the other end is hinged with one end of the small arm 56, the other end of the small arm 56 is hinged with the bucket 52, the small arm 56 is hinged with the bucket 52 through the inner connecting plate 53, the outer connecting rod 54 and the bucket cylinder 55, the large arm cylinder 59 is hinged between the revolving body 60 and the large arm 57, the small arm cylinder 58 is hinged between the large arm 57 and the small arm 56, one side of the revolving body 60 is hinged with the revolving frame 61, and the revolving cylinder 62 is operated to drive the revolving body 60 to drive the excavating feeding mechanism 2 to revolve around the center of the revolving seat of the revolving frame 61 through the revolving shaft. The excavating and feeding mechanism 2 enables the excavator bucket 52 to run in a certain track through the coordinated actions of the rotary oil cylinder 62, the excavator bucket oil cylinder 55, the small arm oil cylinder 58 and the large arm oil cylinder 59, so that the functions of rotation, excavating, raking and feeding are realized.

The conveying and unloading mechanism 3 has the functions of pushing shovel, collecting materials, receiving materials, conveying, unloading materials, lifting and the like, and realizes that materials collected by the excavating and feeding mechanism 2 are conveyed to the tail part through the front end of the conveying groove 78 and drop into a conveying vehicle waiting at the tail part of the whole machine. Mainly comprises a collecting shovel opening 65, a driven shaft 66, a viewing window sealing plate 67, a drag chain wheel 68, an adjusting bolt 70, a motor protection plate 74, an adjusting frame 75, a driven chain wheel 81, a scraping plate 84, a chain 85, a conveying motor 88, a driving shaft 89, a driving chain wheel 90 and the like. The front part of the transport groove 78 is hinged with the chassis frame through hinge shafts at two sides, the rear end of the transport groove 78 is hinged with the chassis frame through a transport groove lifting oil cylinder 25 at two sides, and the lifting and falling of the rear part of the conveying and unloading mechanism 3 can be controlled by driving the lifting oil cylinder 25; the collecting shovel port 65 is welded at the forefront end of the transport groove 78; the transport tank 78 consists of a transport tank front section 79, a transport tank middle section 77 and a transport tank rear section 76, which are connected through a connecting flange 69 welded on each component, and can be disassembled and assembled according to actual conditions so as to be convenient to use; the front part of the conveying and discharging mechanism 3 is a driven wheel assembly, the driven shaft 66 is fixed by self-aligning bearings at two ends and an elastic retainer ring for a shaft, and is sealed by a skeleton type rotary lip-shaped sealing ring, so that the dust-proof effect can be achieved, a driven chain wheel 81 is arranged on the driven shaft 66 and is fixed by a flat key and the elastic retainer ring for the shaft, a supporting plate 82 formed by blanking a wear-resistant material is paved on the front section 79 of a conveying groove, and the upper plane of the supporting plate 82 and the upper plane of the wear-resistant plate paved on the conveying groove 77 are ensured to be in the same line; the rear part of the transportation groove 78 is provided with a driving wheel assembly, a driving shaft 89 is fixed by self-aligning bearings at two ends and an elastic retainer ring for a shaft, and is sealed by a skeleton type rotary lip-shaped sealing ring, so that the dust-proof effect can be achieved, a driving chain wheel 90 is arranged on the driving shaft 89, the driving chain wheel is fixed by a flat key and the elastic retainer ring for the shaft, a conveying motor 88 is arranged on the left side of the driving wheel assembly, an adjusting bolt 70 is fixed on an adjusting bracket 75 on the rear section 76 of the transportation groove by a bolt 72, the step of adjusting the tightness of a chain is to firstly loosen a bolt 73 and a nut 71 on the adjusting bolt 70, the tightness of the chain 85 is adjusted by adjusting the nuts 71 on the adjusting bolts 70 at two sides of the transportation groove 78, and after the adjusting bracket 75 is adjusted to a proper position, the nut 71 on the adjusting bolt 70 is screwed up, and the adjustment is completed; the first pressing chain plate 80, the second pressing chain plate 83 and the third pressing chain plate 86 are welded on the upper part of the chain 85, and the first pressing chain plate 80, the second pressing chain plate 83 and the third pressing chain plate 86 are respectively welded on the front section 79, the middle section 77 and the rear section 76 of the conveying trough, so that the frequency of chain clamping can be effectively reduced; the drag chain wheels 68 are arranged at the lower parts of the chains 85 and at the lower parts of the two sides of the front section 79 and the rear section 76 of the transport tank respectively, so that the abrasion of the chains 85 can be reduced, and the service life of the chains can be prolonged; the outer side of the conveying motor 88 is provided with a protection plate 71 for protecting the conveying motor 88; the chain 85 is hinged with a plurality of scrapers 84 by pin shafts, and the plurality of scrapers 84 are uniformly distributed on the chain 85 along the conveying groove 78; the front section 79 of the transportation tank and the rear section 76 of the transportation tank are provided with the observation window sealing plates 67, before the chain 85 is assembled or disassembled, the observation window sealing plates 67 on the front section 79 of the transportation tank and the rear section 76 of the transportation tank are disassembled, and the hinge pins of the hinge chain 85 and the scraping plate 84 are disassembled through the front and rear observation windows on the two sides of the transportation tank 78 so that the chain 85 or the scraping plate 84 can be disassembled. The conveying and unloading mechanism 3 drives the conveying trough 78 to lift through the conveying trough lifting oil cylinder 25, and the conveying motor 88 is driven to enable the conveying and unloading mechanism 8 to work so as to realize functions of pushing shovel, collecting materials, receiving materials, conveying, unloading, lifting and the like.

The hydraulic system and the operating mechanism thereof mainly comprise a manual pilot valve 7, a duplex pedal pilot valve 8, a duplex pilot valve 9, a two-position distribution valve 15, a quadruple multi-way reversing valve 17, an oil pump 22, a lifting oil cylinder 25, a walking motor 35, a high-pressure pipeline filter 39, an air filter 43, a liquid level meter 44, an oil suction filter 45, an oil tank 46, an oil return filter 47, a radiator 48, a bucket oil cylinder 55, a small arm oil cylinder 58, a large arm oil cylinder 59, a rotary oil cylinder 62, a quintuplet multi-way reversing valve 63 and a conveying motor 88. The hydraulic pilot operation is simple and efficient; before operation, the two-position distribution valve 13 is opened, and the traveling motor 35 is controlled to realize the forward, backward and steering of the traveling mechanism 1 by operating the duplex pedal pilot valve 9; operating a double-pilot valve 10 with an automatic reset function, controlling a lifting oil cylinder 25 to realize lifting of a conveying unloader and 3, operating a double-pilot valve 10 with a positioning function, and controlling a conveying motor 88 to realize advancing, retreating and stopping of a scraper chain; the manual pilot valve 7 is controlled to control the bucket oil cylinder 55, the small arm oil cylinder 58, the large arm oil cylinder 59 and the rotary oil cylinder 62, so that the rotation, the excavation, the raking and the feeding of the excavation feeding mechanism 2 are realized. The hydraulic element is connected with the pipeline in a conical surface sealing way, so that the leakage of a hydraulic system can be effectively prevented.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a portable placer adopts selection machine which characterized in that: the placer gold mining and selecting machine consists of a travelling mechanism (1), an excavating and feeding mechanism (2), a conveying and discharging mechanism (3), a hydraulic system, an operating mechanism (4) and a placer gold screening mechanism (5); the gold sand screening mechanism (5) is connected with the rear end of the conveying and unloading mechanism (3), and the gold sand screening mechanism (5) washes, filters and precipitates sediment materials transported by the conveying and unloading mechanism (3) to collect gold particles and discharges mud;

The gold sand screening mechanism (5) consists of a screening device (87), a spraying device (91), a guide groove (93), a connecting water pipe (94), a water groove (95), a sand pump (96), a chute device (97), a sand pump motor (102) and a bracket (103); the rear ends of the screening device (87) and the rear section (76) of the conveying trough are of a detachable connection structure, the screening device (87) is flush with the upper plane of the upper wear-resisting plate in the conveying trough (78), the screening device (87) is arranged in square frames welded by square tubes around the circumference by round steel or steel bars at equal intervals, and the interval between the adjacent round steel or steel bars is 5-15mm; the spraying device (91) is arranged right above the rear section (76) of the conveying trough and the screening device (87), and a plurality of nozzles (92) are arranged on the spraying device (91); the guide groove (93) is fixed below the rear section (76) of the conveying groove and the screening device (87), forms an angle of 10-15 degrees with the screening device (87) and is inclined downwards; the connecting water pipe (94) is arranged between the connecting water tank (95) and the sand pump (96); the water tank (95) and the sand pump (96) are arranged on the bracket (103), and the bracket (103) is fixed at the tail part of the travelling mechanism (1); the chute device (97) is connected with the tail part of the travelling mechanism (1) and consists of three layers of a first chute (99), a second chute (100) and a third chute (101) which are different in length, each layer of the first chute (99), the second chute (100) and the third chute (101) are connected and fixed by two parallel water tanks through bolts, and felts (98) are arranged in all the chutes; a sand pump motor (102) for powering the sand pump (96) is mounted to the sand pump (96); the sediment materials are washed by a spraying device (91) through a screening device (87), fine particles fall into a chute device (97) from gaps of the screening device (87) through a guide groove (93), gold particles are adsorbed by felts (98) in a chute I (99), a chute II (100) and a chute III (101), the mud continuously flows downwards into a water tank (95) along the chute device (97), and the mud is filtered by a sand pump (96) and then is discharged;

The guide wheels (24), the track shoes (26), the driving wheels (34), the supporting wheels (33), the towing wheels (31) and the tensioning devices (27) of the travelling mechanism (1) form a track assembly, two sets of track assemblies and the travelling motors (35) are respectively arranged on the left track beam (32) and the right track beam (50) to form a left track and a right track, and the left track beam (32) and the right track beam (50) are respectively provided with a left protection plate (28) and a right protection plate (51); the system comprises a control desk (6), a four-way reversing valve (17), a diesel engine (18), a connecting flange (20), a coupler (21), an oil pump (22) and an illuminating lamp (23), wherein the four-way reversing valve (17), the diesel engine (18), the connecting flange (20), the coupler (21), the oil pump (22) and the illuminating lamp (23) are arranged on a left platform (41), the left protection cover (19) is used for protecting the oil pump (22), a manual pilot valve (7), a double foot pilot valve (9), a double pilot valve (10), an accelerator (11) and a two-position distributing valve (15) are arranged on the control desk (6), a sealing plate (12) for protecting hydraulic elements and a driving cab (13) for protecting personal safety are arranged, the driving cab (13) capable of adjusting the height according to the body shape of a driver is connected with the control desk (6) through bolts (14), the oil pump (22) is fixed on the diesel engine (18) through the connecting flange (20) and is connected with the diesel engine through the coupler (21), and the coupler (21) is used for driving, and the coupler (21) is provided with a nylon sleeve capable of relieving impact; the oil tank (46), the radiator (48) and the diesel oil tank (49) are arranged on the right platform (36), the oil tank (46), the radiator (48) and the diesel oil tank (49) are protected by a right shield (42), the oil tank (46) is provided with an air filter (43), a liquid level meter (44), an oil suction filter (45) and an oil return filter (47), and the diesel oil tank (49) is provided with the air filter (43);

The excavating and feeding mechanism (2) is fixedly welded on the transport groove (78) through riding on two sides of the revolving frame (61), the revolving frame (61) is of a welded structure of a cross beam and a side plate, the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam at the upper part of the revolving frame (61) are connected and reinforced by adopting steel pipes, and the lower part of the revolving frame (61) is of a hollow structure which is convenient for conveying materials to pass through; the upper part and the lower part of the revolving body (60) are clamped on a cross beam of a revolving frame (61), and the revolving mechanism adopts a thrust bearing and sliding bearing double-bearing structure; a large arm (57) is arranged on the revolving body (60), one end of the large arm (57) is hinged with the revolving body (60), the other end of the large arm is hinged with one end of a small arm (56), the other end of the small arm (56) is hinged with the bucket (52), the small arm (56) is hinged with the bucket (52) through an inner connecting plate (53) through an outer connecting rod (54) and a bucket oil cylinder (55), a large arm oil cylinder (59) is hinged between the revolving body (60) and the large arm (57), a small arm oil cylinder (58) is hinged between the large arm (57) and the small arm (56), and a revolving oil cylinder (62) is hinged with one side of the revolving body (60) and one side of the revolving frame (61);

The front part of a conveying groove (78) of the conveying and unloading mechanism (3) is hinged with the chassis frame through hinge shafts at two sides, and the rear end of the conveying groove (78) is hinged with the chassis frame through a lifting oil cylinder (25); the collecting shovel opening (65) is welded at the forefront end of the conveying groove (78); the transport tank (78) consists of a detachable transport tank front section (79), a transport tank middle section (77) and a transport tank rear section (76); the driven shaft (66) of the driven wheel assembly is fixed by self-aligning bearings at two ends and circlips for shafts, the sealing ring is sealed, a driven chain wheel (81) is arranged on the driven shaft (66) and fixed by a flat key and the circlips for shafts, a supporting plate (82) is paved on the front section (79) of the conveying groove, and the upper plane of the supporting plate (82) and the upper plane of the wear-resisting plate paved on the conveying groove (77) are on the same line; a driving shaft (89) at the rear part of the conveying groove (78) is fixed by a self-aligning bearing and a shaft elastic retainer ring at two ends and is sealed by a sealing ring, a driving chain wheel (90) is arranged on the driving shaft (89) of the driving wheel assembly and is fixed by a flat key and the shaft elastic retainer ring, a conveying motor (88) is arranged at the left side of the driving wheel assembly, and a protection plate (71) is arranged at the outer side of the conveying motor (88); an adjusting bolt (70) for adjusting the tightness of the chain is fixed on an adjusting frame (75) through a bolt (72), and the adjusting frame (75) is arranged at the rear section (76) of the conveying groove; the upper part of the chain (85) is welded with a pressing chain plate, the lower part of the chain (85) is provided with a dragging chain wheel (68), and the dragging chain wheel (68) is respectively arranged at the lower parts of two sides of the front section (79) and the rear section (76) of the conveying trough; the front section (79) and the rear section (76) of the transport tank are provided with observation window sealing plates (67); the chain (85) is hinged with the plurality of scrapers (84) through pin shafts, and the plurality of scrapers (84) are uniformly distributed on the chain (85) along the conveying groove (78);

The hydraulic system and the operating mechanism (4) thereof are composed of a manual pilot valve (7), a duplex foot pilot valve (9), a duplex pilot valve (10), a two-position distribution valve (15), a quadruple multi-way reversing valve (17), an oil pump (22), a lifting oil cylinder (25), a traveling motor (35), a high-pressure pipeline filter (39), an air filter (43), a liquid level meter (44), an oil absorption filter (45), an oil tank (46), an oil return filter (47), a radiator (48), a bucket oil cylinder (55), a forearm oil cylinder (58), a forearm oil cylinder (59), a rotary oil cylinder (62), a quintuplet multi-way reversing valve (63) and a conveying motor (88).