CN108450483A - 一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂 - Google Patents

一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂 Download PDF

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CN108450483A
CN108450483A CN201810380056.2A CN201810380056A CN108450483A CN 108450483 A CN108450483 A CN 108450483A CN 201810380056 A CN201810380056 A CN 201810380056A CN 108450483 A CN108450483 A CN 108450483A
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吴长应
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Wuhu Yangzhan New Material Technology Service Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，包含以下各组分原料：银杏外种皮提取物、苦瓜叶片粗提物、砂地柏精油、苦皮藤素微乳剂、雪松精油、苏云金杆菌、壳聚糖、助剂、稳定剂、余量为90％的乙醇溶液。本发明的萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂采用天然植物提取成分，复配苏云金杆菌、壳聚糖等，其复配后的生物杀虫剂既有杀虫作用又有抗菌抑菌等作用；其对萝卜蚜、菜螟、小菜蛾、菜青虫等均具有灭杀增效作用，而且针对性强，对农作物等无害，使用安全，对生态环境影响小。

Description

一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂。
背景技术
萝卜，根茎类蔬菜，又名莱菔、水萝卜，根肉质，长圆形、球形或圆锥形，原产我国，可食用品种极多，有绿皮、红皮和白皮的。根供食用，为我国主要蔬菜之一，具有多种食用和药用价值。
萝卜的主要成分有蛋白质、糖类、B族维生素和大量的维生素C，以及铁、钙、磷和纤维、芥子油和淀粉酶。据分析，每100克可食部分，含碳水化合物6克、蛋白质0.6克、钙49毫克、磷34毫克、铁0.5毫克、无机盐0.8克、维生素C 30毫克。萝卜的维生素C含量比苹果、梨等水果高近10倍。萝卜性凉，味辛、甘，具有消积滞、化痰清热、下气宽中、解毒之功效。萝卜是地道的保健食品，能促进新陈代谢、增进食欲、帮助消化，可以化积滞，用于食积胀满、痰咳失音、吐血、消喝、痢疾、头痛、排尿不利等；常吃萝卜可降低血脂、软化血管、稳定血压，可预防冠心病、动脉硬化、胆石症等疾病。萝卜及秧苗和种子，在预防和治疗流行脑炎、煤气中毒、暑热、痢疾、腹泻、热咳带血等病方面，有较好的药效。其中，萝卜种子含油42％，可用于制肥皂或作润滑油。种子、鲜根、叶均可入药，功能下气消积。生萝卜含淀粉酶，能助消化。我们食用的部分是根部。
萝卜营养价值高，食用口感好，种植十分广泛。但是，萝卜生长过程中，容易受到病虫害的侵袭，轻者影响萝卜美观和产量，重则萝卜直接致死。为防治病虫害，农民不合理使用化学农药，虽然杀虫效果还可以，但是使农药残留在萝卜果肉上。长此以往，不仅对人体家畜存有巨大的潜伏性危害，还直接影响着大气、水、土壤等环境，引发人和生态环境的非持续发展。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述，本发明的目的在于提供一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其采用天然植物提取成分，复配其他杀虫抑菌成分，针对性强，对农作物和人畜等安全无害，且对生态环境影响小。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，由如下质量百分比的各原料组成：
银杏外种皮提取物20-25％、苦瓜叶片粗提物8-12％、砂地柏精油0.8-1.3％、苦皮藤素微乳剂5-8％、雪松精油1-1.5％、苏云金杆菌14-20％、壳聚糖0.1-0.4％、助剂8-12％、稳定剂0.5-1.5％、余量为90％的乙醇溶液。
所述助剂包括表面活性剂、乳化剂、防腐剂和增效剂。
所述表面活性剂为聚醚有机硅表面活性剂。
所述乳化剂选自聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐的复配物；其中，聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐按质量比为(1.8-3):1。
所述防腐剂选自丙酸钙和山梨酸钾的复配物；其中，丙酸钙和山梨酸钾按质量比为1：(1.2-1.8)。
所述增效剂为农药增效剂和抗菌增效剂。
所述助剂中，表面活性剂、乳化剂、防腐剂和增效剂的质量比为1：(0.8-1.2)：(0.1-0.3)：(0.1-0.3)。
所述稳定剂为蓖麻油和/或环氧大豆油。
所述砂地柏精油为2％砂地柏精油，苦皮藤素微乳剂为0.15％苦皮藤素微乳剂，雪松精油为2％雪松精油，苏云金杆菌为8000IU/mg 苏云金杆菌。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂采用天然植物提取成分，复配苏云金杆菌、壳聚糖等，其复配后的生物杀虫剂既有杀虫作用又有抗菌抑菌等作用；其对萝卜蚜、菜螟、小菜蛾、菜青虫等均具有灭杀增效作用，而且针对性强，对农作物等无害，使用安全，对生态环境影响小。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。实施例中，各种原料均为市售品。
实施例1
一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，由如下质量百分比的各原料组成：
银杏外种皮提取物24％、苦瓜叶片粗提物12％、砂地柏精油 1.2％、苦皮藤素微乳剂7％、雪松精油1.3％、苏云金杆菌18％、壳聚糖0.3％、表面活性剂4％、乳化剂4％、防腐剂1.2％、增效剂1.2％、蓖麻油1.4％、余量为90％的乙醇溶液。
所述表面活性剂为聚醚有机硅表面活性剂。
所述乳化剂选自聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐的复配物；其中，聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐按质量比为2.5：1。
所述防腐剂选自丙酸钙和山梨酸钾的复配物；其中，丙酸钙和山梨酸钾按质量比为1：1.5。
所述增效剂为农药增效剂和抗菌增效剂。
所述砂地柏精油为2％砂地柏精油，苦皮藤素微乳剂为0.15％苦皮藤素微乳剂，雪松精油为2％雪松精油，苏云金杆菌为8000IU/mg 苏云金杆菌。
实施例2
一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，由如下质量百分比的各原料组成：
银杏外种皮提取物23％、苦瓜叶片粗提物10％、砂地柏精油1.1％、苦皮藤素微乳剂7％、雪松精油1.3％、苏云金杆菌18％、壳聚糖0.3％、表面活性剂4％、乳化剂4％、防腐剂1.2％、增效剂1.2％、环氧大豆油1.4％、余量为90％的乙醇溶液。
所述表面活性剂为聚醚有机硅表面活性剂。
所述乳化剂选自聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐的复配物；其中，聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐按质量比为2.5:1。
所述防腐剂选自丙酸钙和山梨酸钾的复配物；其中，丙酸钙和山梨酸钾按质量比为1：1.5。
所述增效剂为农药增效剂和抗菌增效剂。
所述砂地柏精油为2％砂地柏精油，苦皮藤素微乳剂为0.15％苦皮藤素微乳剂，雪松精油为2％雪松精油，苏云金杆菌为8000IU/mg 苏云金杆菌。
实施例3
一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，由如下质量百分比的各原料组成：
银杏外种皮提取物25％、苦瓜叶片粗提物11％、砂地柏精油 1.2％、苦皮藤素微乳剂8％、雪松精油1.3％、苏云金杆菌20％、壳聚糖0.4％、表面活性剂5％、乳化剂5％、防腐剂1％、增效剂1％、蓖麻油0.8％、环氧大豆油0.7％、余量为90％的乙醇溶液。
所述表面活性剂为聚醚有机硅表面活性剂。
所述乳化剂选自聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐的复配物；其中，聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐按质量比为3:1。
所述防腐剂选自丙酸钙和山梨酸钾的复配物；其中，丙酸钙和山梨酸钾按质量比为1：1.8。
所述增效剂为农药增效剂和抗菌增效剂。
所述砂地柏精油为2％砂地柏精油，苦皮藤素微乳剂为0.15％苦皮藤素微乳剂，雪松精油为2％雪松精油，苏云金杆菌为8000IU/mg 苏云金杆菌。
效果测试
在萝卜生长初期刚有虫害时，施药实施例1-3所制备的萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂和市面上出售的普通化学农药，每隔1周施药1次，连续施药2～3次后观察萝卜的生长状况以及食用前检测萝卜的农药残留物是否超标。其测试结果如下表(见表1)：
表1
综上所述，本发明的萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂杀虫效果较理想，几乎无农药残留物，安全无公害。

Claims (9)

1.一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于，由如下质量百分比的各原料组成：银杏外种皮提取物20-25％、苦瓜叶片粗提物8-12％、砂地柏精油0.8-1.3％、苦皮藤素微乳剂5-8％、雪松精油1-1.5％、苏云金杆菌14-20％、壳聚糖0.1-0.4％、助剂8-12％、稳定剂0.5-1.5％、余量为90％的乙醇溶液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述助剂包括表面活性剂、乳化剂、防腐剂和增效剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂为聚醚有机硅表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述乳化剂选自聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐的复配物；其中，聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯和烷基二聚氧乙烯磺酸钙盐按质量比为(1.8-3):1。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述防腐剂选自丙酸钙和山梨酸钾的复配物；其中，丙酸钙和山梨酸钾按质量比为1：(1.2-1.8)。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述增效剂为农药增效剂和抗菌增效剂。
7.根据权利要求2-6任意一项所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述助剂中，表面活性剂、乳化剂、防腐剂和增效剂的质量比为1：(0.8-1.2)：(0.1-0.3)：(0.1-0.3)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述稳定剂为蓖麻油和/或环氧大豆油。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种萝卜用复配生物杀虫剂，其特征在于：所述砂地柏精油为2％砂地柏精油，苦皮藤素微乳剂为0.15％苦皮藤素微乳剂，雪松精油为2％雪松精油，苏云金杆菌为8000IU/mg苏云金杆菌。
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