CN108447355B - Multifunctional inertia law demonstration instrument - Google Patents
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- CN108447355B CN108447355B CN201810246104.9A CN201810246104A CN108447355B CN 108447355 B CN108447355 B CN 108447355B CN 201810246104 A CN201810246104 A CN 201810246104A CN 108447355 B CN108447355 B CN 108447355B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional inertia law demonstration instrument, which is based on a horizontally installed substrate and is provided with a reciprocating linear traction mechanism with adjustable traction speed, an ejection trolley, a moving object inertia experiment mechanism, a static object inertia experiment mechanism and a liquid inertia experiment mechanism, wherein the moving object inertia experiment mechanism comprises an electromagnetic ejection device, a plastic cup and a plastic ball, the static object inertia experiment mechanism comprises a metal ball limiting box, a metal ball, a sand containing box and a sand containing box supporting table, and the liquid inertia experiment mechanism comprises a water containing box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a physical experiment device, in particular to a multifunctional inertia law demonstration instrument.
Background
In physical experimental devices, especially experimental devices for demonstrating the law of inertia, it is often necessary to demonstrate the law of inertia, namely newtonian first law of motion. It is known that newton's first law of motion, abbreviated as newton's first law. Also known as the law of inertia and inertia. A common complete expression: any object is kept in a constant linear motion or a static state until the external force forces the object to change the motion state. The expression in the Shangzhong edition high school physics teaching material is as follows: the first newton law shows that when the resultant external force is zero, the original stationary object will continue to remain stationary, and the original moving object will continue to make uniform linear motion at the original speed. The resultant external force of zero includes two cases: one is that all external forces applied to the object are mutually offset, and the resultant external force is zero; the other is that the object is not acted by external force. Some experts and scholars consider this expression to be not strict, so the original expression is usually adopted. Galileo's inference of a smooth slope suggests that in reality, as a ball rolls down the slope, its velocity increases, and as it rolls up, its velocity decreases. From this galileo it is deduced that the speed of the ball should not increase or decrease when it rolls along a horizontal plane. In fact he found that the ball was slower and finally stopped. Galileo believes that this is not its "natural nature", but rather due to frictional resistance, since he also observes that the smoother the surface, the farther the ball rolls. He then deduces that without frictional resistance the ball will roll over forever.
The ideal slope experiment of Galileo is that the small ball rolls down from a static state along a smooth slope, and then rolls up another slope to reach the same height as the original one and then rolls down. He reasoned that the ball did not reach the original height due to friction alone. Then he decreases the inclination of the following slope, on which the ball still reaches the same height, but now it rolls further. Continuing to decrease the angle of inclination of the second inclined surface, the ball will roll further up to the same height. He then studied the situation when the slope was lying flat and it was evident that the ball would roll over forever. That is, the force is not the cause of maintaining the motion of the object, i.e., maintaining the velocity of the object, but is the cause of changing the state of motion of the object, i.e., changing the velocity of the object. Thus, once an object has a certain speed, it will move straight down at this speed at a constant speed if it is not stressed. In 1687, based on the work of cartesian and galileo, newtons drafted "mathematical principles of natural philosophy", and got rid of the constraint of old ideas, put forward the law of inertia as the first principle formally: all objects always keep a uniform linear motion state or a static state unless an external force acting on the objects forces the objects to change the state. He presented the idea that maintaining uniform linear motion and stationary states are inherent properties of the object, and the concept of an inertial frame of reference derived therefrom.
At present, a plurality of experimental devices for demonstrating the law of inertia are available, but a special Newton first law demonstration instrument is not available, and most teachers can perform simple demonstration of ideal inclined plane experiments of Galileo by using local materials during teaching. The utility model discloses a patent is CN 204480551U's first law of newtons demonstrates appearance utility model is then to utilize the track that three structures are the same, the stage body that the difference between track both ends height is the same demonstrates newtons first law, three orbital horizontal track parts if lay the different material of coefficient of friction then the distance length that the bobble that rolls down from the track on horizontal track will be different, the rolling distance is longer for the smaller coefficient of friction, can deduce from this that if the horizontal track is very smooth then the bobble can roll down all the time and go out the conclusion of newtons first law from this. The utility model patent of the first law demonstration instrument of newton with patent number CN 2713566Y is similar to the previous patent scheme, and only replaces the small ball with the moving trolley, and in addition, the gliding height of the trolley can be adjusted. But since friction is always present and the small ball or trolley cannot move all the time even on a very smooth horizontal plane, students' understanding of the law of inertia is questionable. In order to solve these problems, an ideal technical solution has been sought.
The technical means that patent number CN 106935108A's law of inertia demonstrates appearance and takes is to drop a bobble into the vertical cylinder of organic glass that is equipped with liquid along the toper funnel, the bobble is earlier to do accelerated motion after dropping into liquid, the resultant force that the bobble received in the vertical direction is zero when the bobble falls to certain speed, the bobble moves in liquid then becomes at the uniform velocity rectilinear motion, the downward vertical motion state of bobble in intraductal liquid alright be regarded as ideal state this moment, if it is equal to measure the time that the bobble falls in the arbitrary equal distance in vertical direction just think the bobble is at the uniform velocity rectilinear motion, if do not receive external force effect bobble will move down all the time. Although the Newton's first law demonstrator can perform ideal demonstration on the law of inertia, students cannot feel that moving objects have inertia, and in addition, the demonstration instrument has a single demonstration function, can only demonstrate that moving objects have inertia and cannot demonstrate that static objects have inertia and cannot demonstrate that liquid has inertia.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a multifunctional inertia law demonstration instrument.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a multi-functional demonstration instrument for law of inertia, comprising:
a horizontally mounted substrate;
the reciprocating linear traction mechanism with adjustable traction speed is arranged along the left-right direction;
the ejection trolley is arranged along the left-right direction, the left end of the ejection trolley is connected with the left traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism, and the right end of the ejection trolley is connected with the right traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism;
the moving object inertia experiment mechanism is positioned in the middle of the ejection trolley and comprises two electromagnetic ejection devices, a plastic cup and a plastic ball, wherein the two electromagnetic ejection devices are arranged on the ejection trolley, and the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices are vertically upward; two plastic cups are fixedly arranged on the ejection trolley, the plastic cups are of a funnel-shaped structure, and the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices extend to the bottom openings of the two plastic cups from bottom to top respectively; the two plastic balls are respectively arranged in the two plastic cups and are respectively supported at the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices;
the inertia experiment mechanism for the stationary object is positioned on the left side of the ejection trolley and comprises a metal ball limiting box fixed at the left end of the ejection trolley, a metal ball arranged in the metal ball limiting box, a sand containing box filled with sand and a sand containing box supporting table arranged on the base plate, wherein the top surface and the left side surface of the metal ball limiting box are both lost, a detachable metal ball limiting plate is arranged on the left lost surface of the metal ball limiting box, the top surface of the sand containing box is lost, the vertical projection of the metal ball limiting box is positioned in the sand containing box, and the sand containing box is fixed on the sand containing box supporting table;
the liquid inertia experiment mechanism on the right side of the ejection trolley comprises a water containing box which is used for containing water and has a missing top surface, the water containing box is fixedly connected to the right end of the ejection trolley, and the inside of the water containing box is divided into a left water containing groove and a right water containing groove through a partition plate.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, the reciprocating linear traction mechanism comprises a lead screw guide rail, a traction rope, a pulley mechanism and a direct current motor with controllable rotating speed;
the pulley mechanism and the direct current motor are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the top surface of the substrate, the direct current motor is arranged along the front-back direction, and the pulley mechanism comprises a pulley bracket and a fixed pulley arranged on the pulley bracket;
the lead screw guide rail is arranged along the left-right direction and is positioned between the pulley mechanism and the direct current motor, and the travelling wheel of the ejection trolley is supported on the lead screw guide rail and can move along the left-right direction;
the traction rope is wound on a rotating shaft of the direct current motor, one end of the traction rope is used as a right traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism and is connected with the right end of the ejection trolley, and the other end of the traction rope is used as a left traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism and is connected with the left end of the ejection trolley after bypassing a fixed pulley of the pulley mechanism.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, the ring surface of the ejection trolley walking wheel is provided with a groove which is supported and clamped on the screw rod guide rail.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, a forward rotation switch, a reverse rotation switch, a power switch and a speed regulation potentiometer are mounted on the substrate, the forward rotation switch and the reverse rotation switch are respectively used for controlling forward rotation and reverse rotation of the direct current motor, the power switch is used for controlling on/off of a power supply of the electromagnetic ejection device and on/off of the power supply of the direct current motor, and the speed regulation potentiometer is used for controlling the rotating speed of the direct current motor.
As a technical scheme that this patent selected, electromagnetism jettison device includes the electromagnetism iron stand, installs solenoid in the electromagnetism iron stand, from top to bottom pass solenoid with the shaft-like magnet iron core of electromagnetism iron stand, install the vertical spacing guide cylinder of plastics cup bottom outlet department, arrange in the vertical spacing guide cylinder and overlap compression spring, the be used for of magnet iron core upper end do solenoid provides the DC power supply of power, is used for control solenoid power off's hall magnetic control switch, the fixed spring cardboard that is provided with in upper end of magnet iron core, compression spring compression is in the spring cardboard with between the electromagnetism iron stand.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, the hall magnetic control switch is provided with two hall sensors and two magnets, one hall sensor and one magnet are uniformly distributed on the front side and the rear side of the ejection trolley, the two hall sensors are respectively fixed on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the ejection trolley, the two magnets are fixed on the substrate, and the hall sensors correspond to the magnets one to one.
As a technical scheme of this patent selection, dress sand box brace table is the U template structure of inversion, its with it is fixed through detachable connection structure between the base plate.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, the water containing box and the ejection trolley are of a detachable structure connected through bolts, and the box bottom of the water containing box and the ejection trolley are connected and reinforced through triangular rib plates.
As an alternative solution to this patent, the top surface of the base plate is mounted with a level.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
this inertia law demonstration appearance is a multi-functional inertia law demonstration appearance, it is based on horizontal installation's base plate, the design has reciprocal sharp drive mechanism of traction speed adjustable, launch the dolly, motion thing inertia experimental mechanism, stills inertia experimental mechanism, liquid inertia experimental mechanism, motion thing inertia experimental mechanism includes the electromagnetism jettison device, plastic cup and plastic ball, stills inertia experimental mechanism includes the spacing box of metal ball, the metal ball, dress sand box brace table, liquid inertia experimental mechanism is including the dress water box, inertia law demonstration device's defect among the prior art has been overcome to this demonstration appearance, can demonstrate that the object of motion/stills has inertia, can demonstrate that liquid has inertia, whole demonstration process is all more directly perceived.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional demonstration instrument for law of inertia according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the electromagnetic ejection device of the invention;
in the drawings, the names of the parts corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows:
1-substrate, 2-pulley mechanism, 3-traction rope, 4-screw guide rail, 5-direct current motor, 6-ejection trolley, 7-forward rotation switch, 8-reverse rotation switch, 9-power switch, 10-speed regulation potentiometer, 11-plastic cup, 12-plastic ball, 13-Hall sensor, 14-magnet, 15-electromagnet frame, 16-electromagnetic coil, 17-magnet iron core, 18-longitudinal limit guide cylinder, 19-compression spring, 20-direct current power supply, 21-Hall magnetic control switch, 22-metal ball limit box, 23-metal ball, 24-sand box, 25-sand box support table, 26-water box and 27-partition plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention includes the following structure:
a horizontally mounted substrate 1;
the reciprocating linear traction mechanism with adjustable traction speed is arranged along the left and right direction;
the ejection trolley 6 is arranged along the left-right direction, the left end of the ejection trolley 6 is connected with the left traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism, and the right end of the ejection trolley 6 is connected with the right traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism;
the inertia experiment mechanism for the moving object is positioned in the middle of the ejection trolley 6 and comprises two electromagnetic ejection devices, a plastic cup 11 and a plastic ball 12, wherein the two electromagnetic ejection devices are arranged on the ejection trolley 6, and the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices are vertically upward; two plastic cups 11 are fixedly arranged on the ejection trolley 6, the plastic cups 11 are of a funnel-shaped structure, and the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices extend to the bottom openings of the two plastic cups 11 from bottom to top respectively; two plastic balls 12 are respectively arranged in the two plastic cups 11 and are respectively supported at the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices;
the inertia experiment mechanism for the static object, which is positioned on the left side of the ejection trolley 6, comprises a metal ball limiting box 22 fixed at the left end of the ejection trolley 6, a metal ball 23 arranged in the metal ball limiting box 22, a sand containing box 24 containing sand, and a sand containing box supporting table 25 arranged on the substrate 1, wherein the top surface and the left side surface of the metal ball limiting box 22 are both absent, the left absent surface is provided with a detachable metal ball 23 limiting plate, the top surface of the sand containing box 24 is absent, the vertical projection of the metal ball limiting box 22 is positioned in the sand containing box 24, and the sand containing box 24 is fixed on the sand containing box supporting table 25;
liquid inertia experimental mechanism that is located ejection dolly 6 right side, it is including being used for adorning water and the dress water box 26 of top surface disappearance, adorns water box 26 fixed connection at the right-hand member of ejection dolly 6, and it is inside through two dress basins about baffle 27 falls into.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, the reciprocating linear traction mechanism comprises a screw rod guide rail 4, a traction rope 3, a pulley mechanism 2 and a direct current motor 5 with controllable rotating speed;
the pulley mechanism 2 and the direct current motor 5 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the top surface of the substrate 1, the direct current motor 5 is arranged along the front-back direction, and the pulley mechanism 2 comprises a pulley bracket and a fixed pulley arranged on the pulley bracket;
the screw rod guide rail 4 is arranged along the left-right direction and is positioned between the pulley mechanism 2 and the direct current motor 5, and the travelling wheel of the ejection trolley 6 is supported on the screw rod guide rail 4 and can move along the left-right direction;
the traction rope 3 is wound on a rotating shaft of the direct current motor 5, one end of the traction rope is used as a right traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism and is connected with the right end of the ejection trolley 6, and the other end of the traction rope is used as a left traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism and is connected with the left end of the ejection trolley 6 after bypassing the fixed pulley of the pulley mechanism 2.
As a technical scheme that this patent selected, the anchor ring of launching the 6 walking wheels of dolly is provided with the recess of support card on lead screw guide rail 4 to improve the stability of launching dolly 6 on lead screw guide rail 4.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, a forward switch 7, a reverse switch 8, a power switch 9 and a speed-regulating potentiometer 10 are mounted on a substrate 1, the forward switch 7 and the reverse switch 8 are respectively used for controlling forward rotation and reverse rotation of a direct current motor 5, the power switch 9 is used for controlling power on-off of an electromagnetic ejection device and power on-off of the direct current motor 5, and the speed-regulating potentiometer 10 is used for controlling rotation speed of the direct current motor 5.
As a technical scheme that this patent selected, electromagnetic ejection device includes electromagnetism iron stand 15, install solenoid 16 in electromagnetism iron stand 15, the shaft-like magnet core 17 that passes solenoid 16 and electromagnetism iron stand 15 from top to bottom, install the vertical spacing guide cylinder 18 at plastic cup 11 bottom outlet department, arrange in vertical spacing guide cylinder 18 and overlap the compression spring 19 in magnet core 17 upper end, a DC power supply 20 for providing the power for solenoid 16, a hall magnetic switch 21 for controlling solenoid 16 disconnection power, the fixed spring cardboard that is provided with in upper end of magnet core 17, compression spring 19 compresses between spring cardboard and electromagnetism iron stand 15.
As a technical scheme selected by the patent, the hall magnetic control switch 21 is configured with two hall sensors 13 and two magnets 14, one hall sensor 13 and one magnet 14 are uniformly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the ejection trolley 6, the two hall sensors 13 are respectively fixed on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the ejection trolley 6, the two magnets 14 are both fixed on the substrate 1, and the hall sensors 13 correspond to the magnets 14 one by one.
As a technical scheme that this patent selected, dress sand box brace table 25 is the U template structure of invering, and it is fixed through detachable connection structure between 1 with the base plate, and when the installation, all contactless between dress sand box brace table 25 and haulage rope 3 and the lead screw guide rail 4 to the operation of dolly 6 is launched in the influence of avoiding.
As a technical scheme that this patent selected, for the detachable construction through bolted connection between dress water box 26 and the ejection dolly 6, connect the reinforcement through triangle gusset between its box bottom and the ejection dolly 6, guaranteed dress water box 26's structural stability.
As an alternative solution, a level gauge is installed on the top surface of the substrate 1 for detecting whether the substrate 1 is level or not, and if the substrate 1 is inclined, the level gauge should be adjusted.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the lead screw guide rail 4 is adopted as a linear guide rail of the elastic trolley, so that the wheels are prevented from slipping when the trolley moves forwards, and the friction force is large enough in the parking process, and the ejection trolley 6 is favorably used for realizing rapid parking; the ejection trolley 6 moves left and right on the screw rod guide rail 4 by driving the traction rope 3 to drag the ejection trolley 6 to move left and right linearly through the positive and negative rotation of the direct current motor 5, and the movement speed of the ejection trolley is controlled by the speed-regulating potentiometer 10 and can be controlled to do uniform movement, accelerated movement or decelerated movement.
When demonstrating that a moving object has inertia, firstly electrifying an electromagnetic coil 16 of an electromagnetic ejection device, enabling a magnet iron core 17 to compress a compression spring 19 under the action of magnetic force, enabling a plastic ball 12 to be positioned at the bottom of a plastic cup 11, starting a direct current motor 5, enabling an ejection trolley 6 to move to the leftmost end or the rightmost end and then stop, adjusting a speed-regulating potentiometer 10, enabling the ejection trolley 6 to move at a constant speed from the leftmost end or the rightmost end, triggering a Hall magnetic control switch 21 to work when a Hall sensor 13 on the ejection trolley 6 moves to the position of a magnet 14, cutting off the power supply of the electromagnetic coil 16, enabling the magnetic force of the magnet iron core 17 to disappear after power failure, enabling the magnet iron core 17 to eject the plastic ball 12 in the plastic cup 11 to be high under the action of the compression spring 19, and enabling the vertically ejected plastic ball 12 to be free of force in the horizontal direction, so that the plastic ball 12 keeps the original constant-speed linear motion state, the plastic balls 12 continuously do uniform linear motion in the horizontal direction, and fall into the plastic cup 11 after a certain time, if the motor is made to rotate reversely, the same experimental phenomenon can be observed, the rotating speed of the direct current motor 5 is changed through the speed-regulating potentiometer 10, the speed of the ejection trolley 6 doing uniform motion is also changed, although the speed of the trolley doing uniform linear motion is changed, the plastic balls 12 which are vertically ejected still meet the condition of the law of inertia due to the fact that the plastic balls 12 are not stressed in the horizontal direction, and the plastic balls 12 still fall back into the original plastic cup 11;
if the ejection trolley 6 moves to the position near the magnet 14 on the base plate 1 and the ejection trolley 6 is suddenly accelerated or decelerated, the plastic balls 12 are acted by force in the horizontal direction at the moment and do not meet the condition of the law of inertia any more, the vertically ejected plastic balls 12 cannot fall back into the original plastic cup 11, if the ejection trolley 6 is accelerated at the moment, the ejected plastic balls 12 fall behind the ejection trolley 6, and if the plastic balls 12 ejected by the deceleration of the trolley fall in front of the ejection trolley 6, the ejected plastic balls 12 cannot fall back into the original plastic cup 11 during the acceleration and deceleration of the ejection trolley 6;
if the plastic balls 12 are ejected when the ejection trolley 6 is stationary, the plastic balls 12 still meet the condition of the law of inertia in the horizontal direction, the plastic balls 12 are still stationary in the horizontal direction before being ejected, and the plastic balls 12 are still stationary in the horizontal direction after being ejected, so that the ejected plastic balls 12 still fall back into the original plastic cup 11.
When demonstrating that a static object has inertia, the electromagnetic coil 16 of the electromagnetic ejection device can be selected to be electrified all the time to shield the magnet 14 on the substrate 1, so that the Hall magnetic control switch 21 is prevented from working, and the plastic ball 12 is prevented from being ejected;
the limiting plate of the metal ball 23 on the left side of the metal ball limiting box 22 is detached, the metal ball 23 is kept not to be in contact with the inner side wall of the metal ball limiting box 22, the ejection trolley 6 is suddenly started at a high speed, at the moment, the ejection trolley 6 is observed to move away, but the metal ball 23 falls into a sand containing box 24 filled with sand below the ejection trolley, namely, the metal ball 23 still keeps standing in the horizontal direction and falls under the initial position after the ejection trolley 6 leaves, and accordingly inertia of a stationary object is demonstrated.
When the demonstration liquid has inertia, paint water is filled into one water filling tank of the water filling box 26, the other water filling tank is not filled, the ejection trolley 6 suddenly moves towards the side filled with the water, and then the paint water can move towards the other empty water filling tank by turning over the partition plate 27; on the contrary, if the pigment water is filled in the front water tank in the moving direction and the rear water tank is not filled in the ejection trolley 6 in the moving process, the ejection trolley 6 is stopped suddenly, the pigment water can also move towards the original empty water tank through the partition plate 27, and the inertia of the liquid is demonstrated.
The present invention can be preferably realized by the above-described embodiments. It should be noted that, based on the above structural design, in order to solve the same technical problems, even if some insubstantial modifications or colorings are made on the present invention, the adopted technical solution is still the same as the present invention, and therefore, the technical solution should be within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-functional law of inertia demonstrates appearance which characterized in that includes:
a horizontally mounted substrate;
the reciprocating linear traction mechanism with adjustable traction speed is arranged along the left-right direction;
the ejection trolley is arranged along the left-right direction, the left end of the ejection trolley is connected with the left traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism, and the right end of the ejection trolley is connected with the right traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism;
the moving object inertia experiment mechanism is positioned in the middle of the ejection trolley and comprises two electromagnetic ejection devices, a plastic cup and a plastic ball, wherein the two electromagnetic ejection devices are arranged on the ejection trolley, and the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices are vertically upward; two plastic cups are fixedly arranged on the ejection trolley, the plastic cups are of a funnel-shaped structure, and the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices extend to the bottom openings of the two plastic cups from bottom to top respectively; the two plastic balls are respectively arranged in the two plastic cups and are respectively supported at the ejection ends of the two electromagnetic ejection devices;
the inertia experiment mechanism for the stationary object is positioned on the left side of the ejection trolley and comprises a metal ball limiting box fixed at the left end of the ejection trolley, a metal ball arranged in the metal ball limiting box, a sand containing box filled with sand and a sand containing box supporting table arranged on the base plate, wherein the top surface and the left side surface of the metal ball limiting box are both lost, a detachable metal ball limiting plate is arranged on the left lost surface of the metal ball limiting box, the top surface of the sand containing box is lost, the vertical projection of the metal ball limiting box is positioned in the sand containing box, and the sand containing box is fixed on the sand containing box supporting table;
the liquid inertia experiment mechanism is positioned on the right side of the ejection trolley and comprises a water containing box which is used for containing water and has a missing top surface, the water containing box is fixedly connected to the right end of the ejection trolley, and the interior of the water containing box is divided into a left water containing groove and a right water containing groove through a partition plate;
the electromagnetic ejection device comprises an electromagnet frame, an electromagnetic coil arranged in the electromagnet frame, a rod-shaped magnet core penetrating through the electromagnetic coil and the electromagnet frame from top to bottom, a longitudinal limiting guide cylinder arranged at the bottom opening of the plastic cup, a compression spring arranged in the longitudinal limiting guide cylinder and sleeved at the upper end of the magnet core, a direct-current power supply used for supplying power to the electromagnetic coil and a Hall magnetic control switch used for controlling the electromagnetic coil to be powered off, wherein a spring clamping plate is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the magnet core, and the compression spring is compressed between the spring clamping plate and the electromagnet frame;
the magnetic control ejection trolley comprises a base plate, a Hall magnetic control switch, a ejection trolley and a plurality of ejection trolleys, wherein the Hall magnetic control switch is provided with two Hall sensors and two magnets, the Hall sensors and the magnets are uniformly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the ejection trolley, the two Hall sensors are respectively fixed on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the ejection trolley, the two magnets are fixed on the base plate, and the Hall sensors correspond to the magnets one to one.
2. The multifunctional inertia law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein the reciprocating linear traction mechanism comprises a lead screw guide rail, a traction rope, a pulley mechanism and a direct current motor with controllable rotation speed;
the pulley mechanism and the direct current motor are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the top surface of the substrate, the direct current motor is arranged along the front-back direction, and the pulley mechanism comprises a pulley bracket and a fixed pulley arranged on the pulley bracket;
the lead screw guide rail is arranged along the left-right direction and is positioned between the pulley mechanism and the direct current motor, and the travelling wheel of the ejection trolley is supported on the lead screw guide rail and can move along the left-right direction;
the traction rope is wound on a rotating shaft of the direct current motor, one end of the traction rope is used as a right traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism and is connected with the right end of the ejection trolley, and the other end of the traction rope is used as a left traction end of the reciprocating linear traction mechanism and is connected with the left end of the ejection trolley after bypassing a fixed pulley of the pulley mechanism.
3. The multifunctional inertia law demonstrator of claim 2, wherein the ring surface of the ejection trolley traveling wheel is provided with a groove for supporting and clamping on the screw rod guide rail.
4. The multifunctional inertia law demonstrator of claim 2, wherein the substrate is provided with a forward switch, a reverse switch, a power switch and a speed-adjusting potentiometer, the forward switch and the reverse switch are respectively used for controlling forward rotation and reverse rotation of the dc motor, the power switch is used for controlling on/off of a power supply of the electromagnetic catapulting device and on/off of a power supply of the dc motor, and the speed-adjusting potentiometer is used for controlling rotation speed of the dc motor.
5. The multifunctional inertia law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein the supporting platform of the sand box is an inverted U-shaped plate structure, and is fixed to the substrate by a detachable connection structure.
6. The multifunctional inertia law demonstration instrument according to claim 1, wherein the water containing box and the ejection trolley are detachably connected through bolts, and the box bottom and the ejection trolley are connected and reinforced through triangular rib plates.
7. The multi-functional inertia law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein said base plate has a level mounted on a top surface thereof.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810246104.9A CN108447355B (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2018-03-23 | Multifunctional inertia law demonstration instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810246104.9A CN108447355B (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2018-03-23 | Multifunctional inertia law demonstration instrument |
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| CN108447355A CN108447355A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
| CN108447355B true CN108447355B (en) | 2020-11-13 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109345920B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-03-23 | 南京理工大学 | Experimental device convenient for detect object inertia and mass relation |
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