CN108444752A - A kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base and its method of sampling - Google Patents
A kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base and its method of sampling Download PDFInfo
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- CN108444752A CN108444752A CN201810420171.8A CN201810420171A CN108444752A CN 108444752 A CN108444752 A CN 108444752A CN 201810420171 A CN201810420171 A CN 201810420171A CN 108444752 A CN108444752 A CN 108444752A
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- sampler
- ejection
- sampling
- cylinder
- underwater sediment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
- G01N2001/085—Grabs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
A kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base and its method of sampling, the sampling apparatus include：Sampling apparatus for acquiring the long-range underwater sediment(s) of bank base, and emerges after having acquired underwater sediment(s)；Catapult-launching gear is locked with sampling apparatus and is connected, and is sprung into the water body far from bank for will be inserted into the sampling apparatus in it；The air inlet pipeline connection of feeder, escape pipe and sampling apparatus, for driving sampling apparatus to capture underwater sediment(s)；The method of sampling includes：After samplers sample to underwater sediment(s), start-up frequency control unit, gas control slip ring pushes closing valve to be skidded off from the closing annulus shape hole slot of lower inside, closes sampling head；Air bag volume increases simultaneously, and the spherical closing cap of tail-hood is pushed to close, and increases buoyancy, and sampler is driven to leave deposit, emerge, and piston cylinder air inlet pipe is pulled to recycle sampler.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Solve the difficulties such as wide waters underwater sediment(s) sampling difficulty, danger, of high cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base and its method of samplings.
Background technology
Underwater sediment(s) is primarily referred to as entering water body in a variety of manners and is finally deposited under flocculation, gravity
The solid matter of water bottom, research underwater sediment(s) have important work to research river seawater text, bio-diversity, protection water body
With.
The underwater sediment(s) near riverbank is acquired, it is opposite to be easier to, using piston type column shaped deposit sampling instrument or grab mud
Device can be realized.But for the underwater sediment(s) far from riverbank, sampling difficulty greatly increases, and can not directly use piston type
Column shaped deposit sampling instrument or snapper acquisition.It generally requires sampling boat first to navigate by water to designated position, then uses legacy sampler
Acquire underwater bed mud.This considerably increases the economy of sampling and time cost and danger, it is unfavorable for promoting and applying.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling tool of bank base efficiently, practical.
Invention content
Present invention aim to address from riverbank, waters underwater sediment(s) sampling difficulty, sampling be dangerous farther out, sampling cost
High problem proposes a kind of convenient sampling, the long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base easy to operate and its method of sampling.
The long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of a kind of bank base of the present invention, which is characterized in that including：
Sampler for acquiring the long-range underwater sediment(s) of bank base, and emerges after having acquired underwater sediment(s)；
Catapult-launching gear is locked with sampler and is connected, and is sprung into the water body far from bank for will be inserted into the sampler in it；
The air inlet pipeline connection of feeder, escape pipe and sampler, for driving sampler to capture subaqueous deposit
Object.
The sampler includes adopting for the underwater sediment(s) for capturing the cutting head of underwater sediment(s), for accommodating crawl
Sample pipe and tail-hood for being enclosed in sampling pipe tail end and entire sampler being driven to emerge, the cutting head, the tail
Detachable is mounted on the both ends end to end of sampling pipe respectively for lid, wherein the crawl section of the cutting head and the pneumatic control portion of tail-hood
It is controlled by feeder, wherein air inlet of the air inlet of crawl section as sampler, the gas outlet pipeline with feeder
Connection, the gas outlet of crawl section and the pneumatic control portion inlet end pipeline connection of tail-hood realize cutting head crawl section and tail-hood gas
The linkage of dynamic control unit.
The cutting head includes cutting casing, resetting spring, slip ring, closes valve and pneumatic control unit, described to cut
The top and sampling pipe for cutting casing are detachably connected with, and cutting head housing sidewall is hollow, for accommodate resetting spring, slip ring and
Pneumatic control unit, wherein resetting spring upper end and cutting casing are affixed, and lower end and slip ring upper end are affixed, and control slip ring edge is cut
Cut casing axially reciprocating；Its circumferentially hinged several closing valve of slip ring lower end edge；It closes valve inner wall and is equipped with a closing valve cunning
The notch at closing annulus shape hole slot dug on the inside of rail, closing valve sliding rail and cutting head housing bottom is slidably matched so that envelope
It closes after valve is skidded off out of closing annulus shape hole slot and surrounds a curved surface for being enclosed in sampling pipe head end jointly；Pneumatic control unit includes
Switch plate, cylinder and balance spring, switch sheet head are equipped with for stopping that slip ring continues the protrusion moved down to cutting head lower part of the housing,
Cutting head inner walls are fixed in the lower end of switch plate by balance spring, and switch plate top is connected with the piston rod outer end of cylinder, living
The piston that stopper rod inner end equipped one can be slided along the piston cylinder axial seal of cylinder, piston outside are cased with piston packing, piston
Cylinder is equipped with the air inlet that can be connected to its inner cavity and gas outlet, wherein air inlet going out by air inlet pipe and feeder on the bank
Gas port pipeline connection, gas outlet are set by the pneumatic control portion inlet end pipeline connection of escape pipe and tail-hood on escape pipe
There is a check (non-return) valve, when air pressure is minimum in cylinder, the protrusion gear of switch plate is in slip ring bottom.
The tail-hood includes the lid for being detachably connected with sampling pipe and the ball for controlling sampling pipe unlatching closure
Shape closed lid, the lid are connected with catapult-launching gear locking, and the lid is detachably connected with the sampling pipe tail end, spherical shape envelope
It closes lid and is divided at least two pieces of spherical surface dividing bodies, and spherical surface dividing body is circumferentially hinged on along lid on lid wherein end face, and
And it is equipped with diaphragm seal in the incision of spherical surface dividing body；The top of spherical closing cap is equipped with the fixation for being inserted into catapult-launching gear
Column；The inlet end of air bag and the outlet side pipeline connection of escape pipe, air bag are hinged on one end of lid ball-joint cap, and and ball
Face dividing body corresponds, and passes through the folding of air bag size control ball Shape closed lid.
The catapult-launching gear includes launching cylinder, lifting gear and ejection-spring, the open at one end of the ejection cylinder,
The other end can be equipped with ejection bullet along the lifting gear that ejection cylinder axial reciprocating moves, wherein on the hoistable platform of lifting gear
Spring, ejection-spring bottom end and hoistable platform are affixed, when catapult-launching gear is connected with sampler locking, the fixation at the top of spherical closing cap
Column is inserted into empty in ejection-spring.
The lifting gear include spring fixed tray, handle, shaft, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, screw rod with
And ejection guns sliding rail, the screw rod, the shaft are mounted on ejection cylinder sealing end by first bearing, second bearing respectively,
And the part that screw rod stretches into ejection guns body is fixedly mounted with the first transmission gear, and end is fixedly mounted with spring fixed tray；Shaft is exposed at bullet
Handle is installed in one end outside shooting cylinder body, and one end that shaft stretches into ejection cylinder is fixedly mounted with the second transmission gear, the first transmission gear
It is engaged with the second transmission gear；Ejection guns sliding rail is axially packed in ejection cylinder inboard wall, and with the groove at spring fixed tray edge
Cooperation so that spring fixed tray can be moved up and down along ejection guns sliding rail.
Locking device is added between the sampler and the catapult-launching gear.
The locking device includes the fixed ring being arranged on sampler and the trigger that is arranged on catapult-launching gear, described
One end outer wall far from ball-joint cap in rear cap body is arranged in fixed ring, and the trigger is hinged on ejection cylinder blind end portion,
Its end is inserted into from the rectangular hole slot on ejection cylinder, and when sampler and catapult-launching gear locking, fixed ring is stuck in rectangular
At hole slot, trigger end, which is against, to be inserted into ejection guns body in sampling pipe outer wall.
Ejection cylinder is cylindrical shape, and internal diameter is 100~150mm, and length is 1000~1500mm, and material is stainless steel；The
One transmission gear and the second transmission gear are bevel gear, and the angle between Bevel Gear Transmission axis is 90 °, and transmission ratio is 2~3,
Material is stainless steel；Ejection-spring line footpath is 4~8mm, and outer diameter is 60~100mm, and free height is 250~300mm；Cutting head
Housing body shape is up-small and down-big circular ring shape, and upper and lower part outer diameter is respectively 80~130mm and 100~150mm, wall thickness
For 3~5mm, material is stainless steel；Piston cylinder is the closed cylindrical shape of left end, and length is 6~9mm, and outer diameter is 5~8mm, wall thickness
For 2~3mm, material is stainless steel；Sampling pipe is cylindrical shape, and outer diameter is 90~140mm, and wall thickness is 5~8mm, length is 800~
1300mm, material are acrylic.
A kind of method of sampling carried out using the long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base of the present invention, including following step
Suddenly：
1) cutting head and tail-hood are tightened against to the both ends end to end of sampling pipe respectively, by the air inlet and cutting head of feeder
Air inlet pipeline connection, the gas outlet of cutting head and the air bag air inlet pipeline connection of tail-hood are assembled into sampler；
2) it inserts the sampler into ejection guns, the fixed ring of tail-hood lower end outside is made to be caught in the rectangular hole slot of ejection guns,
Fixed column at the top of tail-hood is inserted into the interior vacancy of ejection-spring, completes the locking of sampler and ejection guns；
3) rotational handle drives the second transmission gear, the first transmission gear and screw rod rotation, push the spring to fix successively
Disk ejection guns sliding rail of bottom along ejection guns body moves upwards, and compresses ejection-spring；
4) ensure that sufficiently long air inlet pipe, cocking complete the ejection of sampler, bullet between sampler and feeder
The sampler of injection continues to be connected with feeder on the bank by air inlet pipe；
5) it after sampler is inserted into benthal deposit, is inflated into cylinder by pneumatic control unit, gas is from piston/cylinder
Left side air inlet pipe enters, and piston rod is pushed to move to right, and opens switch plate, discharges slip ring, pushes closing valve along closing valve slide direction
It is skidded off out of closing annulus shape hole slot, closes cutting head；
6) after piston is pushed to right side, the gas into piston cylinder passes through check (non-return) valve, piston cylinder escape pipe and air bag air inlet
Pipe enters air bag, and air bag volume becomes larger, and extrusion ball Shape closed lid is closed, and increases buoyancy, carries sampler and emerges, at this time
Piston cylinder air inlet pipe may act as rope, recycle sampler, complete sampling.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) it uses ejection guns to emit sampler, saves manpower and projection distance is farther, the water in wide waters can be collected
Lower deposit；
2) novel cutting head is used, sampling efficiency is improved, retains sample prototype structure.When sampling, filled using air-channel system
Gas touch switch piece makes closing valve prolong track and skids off, makes cutting head lower end closed, and sediment sample is lost in when avoiding getting sample；
3) using pneumatic operation, equipment complexity is reduced, improves stability in use.Institute's inflatable body first pushes piston to move to right,
Switch plate is opened, closing valve is made to close cutting head under the action of resetting spring；Then, gas just passes through piston cylinder upper right side
For piston cylinder escape pipe to airbag aeration, the air bag after inflation closes closing cap, continues toward airbag aeration, last air bag carries sampling
Device floats.The unique gas circuit design of the present invention ensure that the sequencing that cutting head closing, tail-hood closing and sampler float,
If sequence entanglement, deposit acquisition failure, such as sampler may be caused to float and closed prior to cutting head；
4) air bag and tracheae is dual-purpose.When sampler launches, air bag can increase the dynamical resistance of sampler tail portion, protect
Hold sampler in the air with the posture in water；When sampler recycles, inflated airbag provides buoyancy vertically upward, makes to adopt
Sample device floats, and bank sample-grabber is facilitated to recycle.When toward sampler inflation, piston cylinder air inlet pipe, will air pump on the bank as gas circuit
The compressed gas of offer pours sampler；When recycling sampler, piston cylinder air inlet pipe is as rope, and convenient for bank, sample-grabber takes
Return sampler.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the long-range underwater sediment sampler of bank base；
Fig. 2 are sampler cutting head schematic diagrames；
Fig. 3 a are monolithic closing valve front views；
Fig. 3 b are monolithic closing valve sectional views；
Fig. 4 are tail-hood schematic diagrames；
Fig. 5 are catapult-launching gear schematic diagrames；
Specific implementation mode
It further illustrates the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to attached drawing：
A kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base of the present invention of embodiment 1, including：
Sampler 1 for acquiring the long-range underwater sediment(s) of bank base, and emerges after having acquired underwater sediment(s)；
Catapult-launching gear 2 is locked with sampler 1 and is connected, for the sampler being inserted into it to be sprung into the water body far from bank
It is interior；
Feeder 3, the air inlet pipeline connection of escape pipe and sampler 1, for driving sampler crawl underwater heavy
Product object.
The sampler 1 includes the underwater sediment(s) for capturing the cutting head 11 of underwater sediment(s), for accommodating crawl
Sampling pipe 12 and tail-hood 13 for being enclosed in sampling pipe tail end and entire sampler being driven to emerge, the cutting head
11, the tail-hood 13 distinguishes the both ends end to end that detachable is mounted on sampling pipe, wherein the crawl section of the cutting head 11 and tail
The pneumatic control portion of lid 13 is controlled by feeder, wherein air inlet of the air inlet of crawl section as sampler 1, with gas supply
The gas outlet pipeline connection of device 3, the gas outlet of crawl section and the pneumatic control portion inlet end pipeline connection of tail-hood realize cutting
The linkage of first 11 crawl section and 13 pneumatic control portion of tail-hood.
The cutting head 11 includes cutting casing 111, resetting spring 112, slip ring 113, closing valve 114 and pneumatic control
The top of unit 115 processed, the cutting casing 111 is spirally connected with sampling pipe, and cutting 111 side wall of casing is hollow, for accommodating
Resetting spring, slip ring and pneumatic control unit, wherein 112 upper end of resetting spring and cutting casing 111 are affixed, lower end and cunning
113 upper end of ring is affixed, and control slip ring 113 is along cutting 111 axially reciprocating of casing；Its circumferential direction of 113 lower end edge of slip ring is hinged 6
Piece closes valve 114；It closes 114 inner wall of valve and is equipped with a closing valve sliding rail 116 being oriented to, closing valve sliding rail 116 and cutting casing
The notch at closing annulus shape hole slot 117 that 111 bottom insides are dug is slidably matched so that closes valve 114 from closing annulus shape
A curved surface for being enclosed in sampling pipe head end, crawl section of the curved surface as sampler are surrounded after being skidded off in hole slot 117 jointly；Pneumatically
Control unit 115 includes switch plate 1151, cylinder and balance spring 1152, and 1151 head of switch plate is equipped with for stopping that slip ring continues
The lower end of the protrusion moved down to cutting head lower part of the housing, switch plate 1151 is fixed on by balance spring 1152 in cutting casing 111
Wall, 1151 top of switch plate are connected with 1153 outer end of piston rod of cylinder, and 1153 inner end of piston rod equipped one can be along the work of cylinder
The piston 1155 of 1154 axial seal of plug cylinder sliding, 1155 outside of piston are cased with piston packing 1156, and piston cylinder 1154 is equipped with
The air inlet that can be connected to its inner cavity and gas outlet, wherein air inlet are gone out by air inlet pipe 1157 and feeder 3 on the bank
Gas port pipeline connection, gas outlet is by the pneumatic control portion inlet end pipeline connection of escape pipe 1158 and tail-hood 13, and outlet
Pipe is equipped with check (non-return) valve 1159, and when air pressure is minimum in cylinder, the protrusion gear of switch plate is in slip ring bottom.
The tail-hood 13 includes lid 131 for being detachably connected with sampling pipe, opens for controlling sampling pipe and is closed
Spherical closing cap 132 and air bag 133 for the folding of control ball Shape closed lid, the lid 131 and catapult-launching gear 2 lock
Connection, the lid 131 are spirally connected with 12 tail end of the sampling pipe, and spherical closing cap 132 is divided at least two pieces of spherical surface dividing bodies,
And spherical surface dividing body is circumferentially hinged on along lid on lid wherein end face, and in the equipped sealing of the incision of spherical surface dividing body
Piece 133；The top of spherical closing cap 132 is equipped with the fixed column 1321 for being inserted into catapult-launching gear；Air bag 133 is as rear cover
The outlet side pipeline connection of pneumatic control portion, inlet end and escape pipe, air bag 133 are hinged on the one of lid ball-joint cap
End, and corresponded with spherical surface dividing body, pass through the folding of 133 size control ball Shape closed lid of air bag.
The catapult-launching gear 2 includes launching cylinder 21, lifting gear 22 and ejection-spring 23, the ejection cylinder 21
Open at one end, the other end can be along the lifting gears 22 that ejection 21 axial reciprocating of cylinder moves, and the wherein lifting of lifting gear 22 is flat
Ejection-spring 23 is equipped on platform, 23 bottom end of ejection-spring and hoistable platform are affixed, when catapult-launching gear 2 is connected with the locking of sampler 1,
The fixed column at 132 top of spherical closing cap is inserted into empty in ejection-spring 23.
The lifting gear 22 includes spring fixed tray 221, handle 222, shaft 223, the first transmission gear 224, second
Transmission gear 225, screw rod 226 and ejection guns sliding rail 227, the screw rod 226 are mounted on by first bearing 228 in ejection guns
221 sealing end of body, the shaft 223 are mounted on ejection 221 sealing end side wall of cylinder, screw rod and ejection cylinder, shaft and bullet
Shooting cylinder body is rotatablely connected, and the part that screw rod 226 stretches into ejection cylinder 21 is fixedly mounted with the first transmission gear 224, end
It is fixedly mounted with spring fixed tray 221；Shaft 223 is exposed at one end installation handle 222 outside ejection cylinder 21, and shaft 223 stretches into ejection
One end of cylinder 21 is fixedly mounted with the second transmission gear 225, and the first transmission gear 224 is engaged with the second transmission gear 225；Ejection guns is slided
Rail 227 is axial to be packed in ejection 21 inner wall of cylinder, and coordinates with the groove at 23 edge of spring fixed tray so that spring fixed tray
221 can move up and down along ejection guns sliding rail 227.
Locking device 4 is added between the sampler 1 and the catapult-launching gear 2.
The locking device 4 includes the fixed ring 41 being arranged on sampler and the trigger being arranged on catapult-launching gear
42, the fixed ring 41 is arranged one end outer wall far from ball-joint cap, the trigger 42 in lid 131 and is hinged on ejection cylinder
21 closing ends, end are inserted into from the rectangular hole slot 211 on ejection cylinder 21, when sampler 1 and the catapult-launching gear 2 lock
When, fixed ring 41 is stuck at rectangular hole slot 211, and 42 end of trigger is against in insertion ejection cylinder 21 on 12 outer wall of sampling pipe.
Feeder 3 is air pump.
Ejection cylinder is cylindrical shape, and internal diameter is 100~150mm, and length is 1000~1500mm, and material is stainless steel；The
One transmission gear and the second transmission gear are bevel gear, and the angle between Bevel Gear Transmission axis is 90 °, and transmission ratio is 2~3,
Material is stainless steel；Ejection-spring line footpath is 4~8mm, and outer diameter is 60~100mm, and free height is 250~300mm；Cutting head
Housing body shape is up-small and down-big circular ring shape, and upper and lower part outer diameter is respectively 80~130mm and 100~150mm, wall thickness
For 3~5mm, material is stainless steel；Piston cylinder is the closed cylindrical shape of left end, and length is 6~9mm, and outer diameter is 5~8mm, wall thickness
For 2~3mm, material is stainless steel；Sampling pipe is cylindrical shape, and outer diameter is 90~140mm, and wall thickness is 5~8mm, length is 800~
1300mm, material are acrylic.
In a kind of sampling apparatus of the long-range underwater sediment sampler of bank base of the present invention of embodiment 2：Cutting head 11
111 upper inner of cutting casing be tapped with internal thread, middle and upper part inner cavity is equipped with resetting spring 112,112 upper end of resetting spring with
It cuts casing 111 to fix, lower end is fixed with slip ring 113, and 113 lower end of slip ring is connect by hinge with closing valve 114, and valve is closed
Inside is equipped with closing valve sliding rail 116, the closing annulus shape hole slot dug on the inside of closing valve sliding rail 116 and cutting head housing bottom
117 cooperations, closing valve 114 can be skidded off by closing annulus shape hole slot 117；113 outer of slip ring is contacted with switch plate 1151, switch
1151 lower end of piece by balance spring 1152 be fixed on cutting 111 inner wall of casing, 1151 top of switch plate by piston rod 1153 with
Piston 1155 is connected, and 1155 outside of piston is cased with piston packing 1156, and piston 1155 is placed in piston cylinder 1154, piston cylinder
1154 upper left-hands are connected by piston cylinder air inlet pipe 1157 with air pump on the bank, upper right and 1158 phase of piston cylinder escape pipe
Even, piston cylinder escape pipe is equipped with check (non-return) valve 1159.13 lower inside of tail-hood is tapped with internal thread, and lower end outside is equipped with fixed ring
41, being connected through the hinge on the inside of upper end has spherical closing cap 132, and closing cap 132 is divided into two parts, and incision and with adopt
Sample pipe contact position is lined with diaphragm seal 133, is equipped with fixed column 1321 at the top of closing cap, fixed column 1321 can be inserted into the ejection of ejection guns
In spring 23, it is fixed with air bag 133 on the outside of 13 upper end of tail-hood, air bag 133 is connected with air bag air inlet pipe 1331, air bag air inlet pipe
1331 are connected with the piston cylinder escape pipe of cutting head 11.
The main body of catapult-launching gear 2 is ejection cylinder 21, and ejection 21 rear end face of cylinder is embedded in first bearing 228, for installing
First transmission gear 224,224 outer of the first transmission gear are engaged with the second transmission gear 225, and the second transmission gear 225 passes through
Shaft 223 is connected with L-type handle 222, and 224 central axis of the first transmission gear is connected by screw thread with screw rod 226, screw rod 226
Upper end is connected by 221 times disks of second bearing 229 and spring fixed tray, and 221 upper disk surface of spring fixed tray is fixed with ejection bullet
Spring 23,221 edge of spring fixed tray are equipped with groove, with bottom in ejection cylinder 21 and along the ejection guns that is axially arranged of ejection cylinder
Sliding rail 227 coordinates；Rectangular hole slot 211 is provided on 227 upper ejector cylinder 21 of sliding rail, 211 bottom of rectangular hole slot is equipped with trigger 42,
Trigger 42 is connected by hinge with ejection cylinder 21.
A kind of sampling side carried out using the long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of the bank base of embodiment 1 or 2 of embodiment 3
Method includes the following steps：
1) cutting head 11 and tail-hood 13 are tightened against to the both ends end to end of sampling pipe 12 respectively, by the air inlet of feeder 3
With the air inlet pipeline connection of cutting head 11, the gas outlet of cutting head 11 and the air bag air inlet pipeline connection of tail-hood 13, assembling
At sampler 1；
2) sampler 1 is inserted into ejection cylinder 21, the fixed ring 41 of 13 lower end outside of tail-hood is made to be caught in ejection cylinder 21
Rectangular hole slot 211 in, the fixed column 1321 at the top of tail-hood 13 is inserted into the interior vacancy of ejection-spring 23, completes sampler and ejection
The locking of device 2；
3) rotational handle 222 drive the second transmission gear 225, the first transmission gear 224 and screw rod 226 to rotate successively,
Push the spring is fixed the ejection guns sliding rail 227 of bottom along ejection cylinder 21 of disk 221 and is moved upwards, and ejection-spring 23 is compressed；
4) ensure that sufficiently long air inlet pipe, cocking 42 complete the bullet of sampler 1 between sampler 1 and feeder 3
It penetrates, the sampler 1 ejected continues to be connected with feeder 3 on the bank by air inlet pipe；
5) it after sampler 1 is inserted into benthal deposit, is inflated into cylinder by pneumatic control unit 115, gas is from piston
Air inlet pipe 1157 enters on the left of 1154 body of cylinder, and piston rod 1153 is pushed to move to right, and opens switch plate 1151, discharges slip ring 113, pushes
Closing valve 114 is skidded off along closing 116 direction of valve sliding rail out of closing annulus shape hole slot 117, closes cutting head 11；
6) after piston 1155 is pushed to right side, the gas into piston cylinder 1154 passes through check (non-return) valve 1159, piston cylinder outlet
Pipe 1158 and air bag air inlet pipe 1331 enter air bag 133, and 133 volume of air bag becomes larger, and extrusion ball Shape closed lid 132 is closed, and is increased
Big buoyancy carries sampler 1 and emerges, and piston cylinder air inlet pipe 1157 may act as rope at this time, recycles sampler 1, completes to adopt
Sample.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating to the way of realization of inventive concept, protection of the invention
Range is not construed as being only limitted to the concrete form that embodiment is stated, protection scope of the present invention also includes art technology
Personnel according to present inventive concept it is conceivable that equivalent technologies mean.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base, which is characterized in that including：
Sampler for acquiring the long-range underwater sediment(s) of bank base, and emerges after having acquired underwater sediment(s)；
Catapult-launching gear is locked with sampler and is connected, and is sprung into the water body far from bank for will be inserted into the sampler in it；
The air inlet pipeline connection of feeder, escape pipe and sampler, for driving sampler to capture underwater sediment(s).
2. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sampler packet
It includes the cutting head for capturing underwater sediment(s), the sampling pipe for accommodating the underwater sediment(s) captured and is adopted for being enclosed in
Sample pipe tail end and the tail-hood for driving entire sampler to emerge, the cutting head, the tail-hood respectively detachable be mounted on adopt
The both ends end to end of sample pipe, wherein the crawl section of the cutting head and the pneumatic control portion of tail-hood are controlled by feeder,
Air inlet of the air inlet of middle crawl section as sampler, the gas outlet pipeline connection with feeder, the gas outlet of crawl section
With the pneumatic control portion inlet end pipeline connection of tail-hood, the linkage of cutting head crawl section and tail-hood pneumatic control portion is realized.
3. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The cutting head packet
Include cutting casing, resetting spring, slip ring, closing valve and pneumatic control unit, the top of the cutting casing and sampling
Pipe is detachably connected with, and cutting head housing sidewall is hollow, for accommodating resetting spring, slip ring and pneumatic control unit, wherein multiple
Position spring upper end and cutting casing are affixed, and lower end and slip ring upper end are affixed, and control slip ring is along cutting casing axial reciprocating fortune
It is dynamic；Its circumferentially hinged several closing valve of slip ring lower end edge；It closes valve inner wall and is equipped with a closing valve sliding rail, closing valve sliding rail and cutting
The notch at closing annulus shape hole slot that casing bottom inside is dug is slidably matched so that closes valve from closing annulus shape hole slot
A curved surface for being enclosed in sampling pipe head end is surrounded after inside skidding off jointly；Pneumatic control unit includes switch plate, cylinder and balance spring,
It switchs sheet head to be equipped with for stopping that slip ring continues the protrusion moved down to cutting head lower part of the housing, the lower end of switch plate passes through balance spring
Cutting head inner walls are fixed on, switch plate top is connected with the piston rod outer end of cylinder, and piston rod inner end equipped one can be along gas
The piston of the piston cylinder axial seal sliding of cylinder, piston outside are cased with piston packing, and piston cylinder is equipped with and can be connected to its inner cavity
Air inlet and gas outlet, wherein air inlet pass through the gas outlet pipeline connection of air inlet pipe and feeder on the bank, gas outlet
By the pneumatic control portion inlet end pipeline connection of escape pipe and tail-hood, and escape pipe is equipped with check (non-return) valve, air pressure in cylinder
When minimum, the protrusion gear of switch plate is in slip ring bottom.
4. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The tail-hood includes
Lid for being detachably connected with sampling pipe and the spherical closing cap for controlling sampling pipe unlatching closure, the lid and bullet
Injection device locking connection, the lid are detachably connected with the sampling pipe tail end, and spherical closing cap is divided at least two pieces of balls
Face dividing body, and spherical surface dividing body is circumferentially hinged on along lid on lid wherein end face, and in the notch of spherical surface dividing body
Place is equipped with diaphragm seal；The top of spherical closing cap is equipped with the fixed column for being inserted into catapult-launching gear；The inlet end of air bag with go out
The outlet side pipeline connection of tracheae, air bag is hinged on one end of lid ball-joint cap, and is corresponded with spherical surface dividing body, leads to
Cross the folding of air bag size control ball Shape closed lid.
5. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The catapult-launching gear
Including ejection cylinder, lifting gear and ejection-spring, the open at one end of the ejection cylinder, the other end can be along ejection drum shaft
To the lifting gear of reciprocating movement, ejection-spring, ejection-spring bottom end and lifting are equipped with wherein on the hoistable platform of lifting gear
Platform is affixed, and when catapult-launching gear is connected with sampler locking, the fixed column at the top of spherical closing cap is inserted into empty in ejection-spring.
6. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The lifting gear
Including spring fixed tray, handle, shaft, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, screw rod and ejection guns sliding rail, the spiral shell
Bar, the shaft are mounted on ejection cylinder sealing end by first bearing, second bearing respectively, and screw rod stretches into ejection cylinder
Interior part is fixedly mounted with the first transmission gear, and end is fixedly mounted with spring fixed tray；Shaft is exposed at the installation of one end outside ejection guns body
Handle, one end that shaft stretches into ejection cylinder are fixedly mounted with the second transmission gear, and the first transmission gear is engaged with the second transmission gear；Bullet
Shooting cylinder sliding rail is axially packed in ejection cylinder inboard wall, and coordinates with the groove at spring fixed tray edge so that spring fixed tray can
It is moved up and down along ejection guns sliding rail.
7. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sampler with
Locking device is added between the catapult-launching gear.
8. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The locking device
Including the fixed ring being arranged on sampler and the trigger being arranged on catapult-launching gear, the fixed ring is arranged in rear cap body
One end outer wall far from ball-joint cap, the trigger are hinged on ejection cylinder blind end portion, and end is from ejection cylinder
Rectangular hole slot is inserted into, and when sampler and catapult-launching gear locking, fixed ring is stuck at rectangular hole slot, and trigger end is against slotting
Enter in ejection guns body in sampling pipe outer wall.
9. a kind of long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of bank base as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is circle to launch cylinder
Tubular, internal diameter are 100~150mm, and length is 1000~1500mm, and material is stainless steel；First transmission gear and the second transmission
Gear is bevel gear, and the angle between Bevel Gear Transmission axis is 90 °, and transmission ratio is 2~3, and material is stainless steel；Ejection-spring
Line footpath is 4~8mm, and outer diameter is 60~100mm, and free height is 250~300mm；Cutting head housing body shape be it is upper it is small under
Big circular ring shape, upper and lower part outer diameter are respectively 80~130mm and 100~150mm, and wall thickness is 3~5mm, and material is stainless
Steel；Piston cylinder is the closed cylindrical shape of left end, and length is 6~9mm, and outer diameter is 5~8mm, and wall thickness is 2~3mm, and material is stainless
Steel；Sampling pipe is cylindrical shape, and outer diameter is 90~140mm, and wall thickness is 5~8mm, and length is 800~1300mm, and material is sub- gram
Power.
10. a kind of sampling carried out using the long-range underwater sediment(s) sampling apparatus of the bank base as described in claim 1~9 any one
Method includes the following steps：
1) cutting head and tail-hood are tightened against to the both ends end to end of sampling pipe respectively, by the air inlet of feeder and cutting head into
Gas port pipeline connection, the gas outlet of cutting head and the air bag air inlet pipeline connection of tail-hood, are assembled into sampler；
2) it inserts the sampler into ejection guns, so that the fixed ring of tail-hood lower end outside is caught in the rectangular hole slot of ejection guns, tail-hood
The fixed column at top is inserted into the interior vacancy of ejection-spring, completes the locking of sampler and ejection guns；
3) rotational handle drives the second transmission gear, the first transmission gear and screw rod rotation, push the spring to fix disk edge successively
The ejection guns sliding rail of bottom moves upwards in ejection guns body, compresses ejection-spring；
4) ensure that sufficiently long air inlet pipe, cocking are completed the ejection of sampler, ejected between sampler and feeder
Sampler continue to be connected with feeder on the bank by air inlet pipe；
5) it after sampler is inserted into benthal deposit, is inflated into cylinder by pneumatic control unit, gas is on the left of piston/cylinder
Air inlet pipe enters, and promotion piston rod moves to right, and opens switch plate, discharges slip ring, pushes closing valve edge closing valve slide direction from envelope
It closes in annulus shape hole slot and skids off, close cutting head；
6) piston be pushed to right side after, into piston cylinder gas by check (non-return) valve, piston cylinder escape pipe and air bag air inlet pipe into
Enter air bag, air bag volume becomes larger, and extrusion ball Shape closed lid is closed, and increases buoyancy, carries sampler and emerges, at this time piston
Cylinder air inlet pipe may act as rope, recycle sampler, complete sampling.
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| CN201810420171.8A CN108444752B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Shore-based remote underwater sediment sampling device and sampling method thereof |
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| CN201810420171.8A CN108444752B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Shore-based remote underwater sediment sampling device and sampling method thereof |
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| CN113588321A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-02 | 应元中 | Submarine oil drilling underground soil sampling device with righting mechanism |
| CN114088463A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆三峡学院 | Remote control boat type surface sediment sampler |
| CN115235821A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-25 | 南京信真环境科技有限公司 | Deep water area sludge sampler for environment detection |
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