CN108443884B - Diffusion type porous medium burner - Google Patents
Diffusion type porous medium burner Download PDFInfo
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- CN108443884B CN108443884B CN201810466678.7A CN201810466678A CN108443884B CN 108443884 B CN108443884 B CN 108443884B CN 201810466678 A CN201810466678 A CN 201810466678A CN 108443884 B CN108443884 B CN 108443884B
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 91
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010016754 Flashback Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007507 annealing of glass Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
- F23D14/725—Protection against flame failure by using flame detection devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a diffusion type porous medium burner, and relates to the technical field of porous medium combustion. The burner comprises a burner body, a thermocouple, a sparking electrode and a detection electrode; the body comprises an outer shell, an inner shell and an air inlet channel, and the inner shell is inserted into the first cavity of the outer shell; the inner shell is provided with a second cavity which is communicated with the first cavity and is coaxial with the first cavity; an air distribution plate and a gas distribution plate are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the second cavity; a first macroporous foam ceramic plate, a small-pore foam ceramic plate and a second macroporous foam ceramic plate are sequentially arranged in the first cavity and in the downstream area of the end face of the gas distribution plate; the air inlet channel comprises a gas inlet, an air pipeline and a gas pipeline, the gas inlet is communicated with the gas distribution plate through the gas pipeline penetrating through the air distribution plate, and the air inlet is communicated with the air distribution plate through the air pipeline. The burner has the functions of effectively preventing backfire, facilitating flame monitoring, predicting and diagnosing the service condition of porous medium materials, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porous medium combustion, in particular to a diffusion type porous medium combustor.
Background
In the energy structure of China, the ratio of clean energy such as natural gas, water and electricity, nuclear power and the like is quite small and far lower than the average world level, and the development of clean energy such as natural gas and the like has a large space in China. The low-calorific-value gases such as blast furnace gas, coal mine gas and the like have few combustible components and low calorific value, are difficult to ignite and control under the condition of traditional free flame combustion, are very difficult to burn and are easy to temper and blow out, and are often used as tail gas to be directly discharged into the atmosphere. This not only causes energy waste but also causes a greenhouse effect due to the methane content. Therefore, the improvement and development of the combustion technology are particularly important to realize the efficient clean utilization of conventional energy and the recycling of low-heating-value gas.
The traditional combustion is flame combustion characterized by free flame, and has the defects of low combustion efficiency, uneven temperature distribution, high pollutant emission and the like. Porous medium combustion is a novel clean combustion technology. The porous medium not only serves as a medium for heat backflow, but also serves as a carrier for gas combustion. The main effects are as follows: the radiation effect is enhanced, and heat near the flame surface can be timely transferred to two ends, so that the temperature distribution near the flame surface is uniform; the dispersion effect of the gas strengthens the heat and mass transfer effect of gas combustion; the stability of gas combustion is greatly enhanced.
The foamed ceramic as one special porous medium has small density, high strength, high air permeability, heat resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, heat conductivity smaller than that of metal material, heat capacity and heat radiation capacity thousands times greater than that of gas, and combustion field with excellent free space.
The porous medium can provide long wave, medium wave and short wave radiation, is suitable for various heating conditions, can replace a conventional burner and can be widely applied to the fields of commercial and living space heating, chemical and metal processing, glass annealing, coating and paint drying, food processing, pulp and paper drying, incineration treatment of volatile organic compounds and the like.
However, due to various limitations, the porous medium combustion technology has not been widely used in industrial production, and is limited to the low-temperature heating field, while the research of porous medium burners facing the medium-high-temperature heating field is mostly focused on experimental research, and has not yet achieved wide industrial application. The field of medium-high temperature heating is the key of industrial production and is the heavy weight of energy consumption and pollutant emission, so that development of a porous medium burner suitable for the field of medium-high temperature heating is urgently needed. In addition, the existing porous medium burner basically adopts a premixed combustion mode, and because the combustion reaction of the porous medium burner is carried out on the whole panel section, and correspondingly, the combustion medium (air and fuel gas) flows by taking the whole porous medium section as the flow area before entering the combustion area, so that the flow velocity of the combustion medium before entering the combustion area is lower (less than 1 m/s), backfire can be easily generated by adopting premixed combustion at such a low speed, and safety accidents are caused. The diffusion type combustion avoids backfire because the combustion medium independently flows before entering the combustion area, so if the diffusion type combustion is combined with the porous medium combustion, the advantage of the porous medium combustion can be maintained, and the advantage of difficult backfire of the diffusion type combustion can be exerted.
The porous medium burner is generally a premix type burner, the conventional premix type porous medium burner is mostly applied to the field of low-temperature heating (the temperature is lower than 400 ℃), and the basic combustion system is simpler because the flame temperature is lower, and the basic idea is that air and coal gas are mixed in a premix chamber and then enter the porous medium for combustion. However, as the porous medium combustion technology is popularized to the field of medium and high temperature heating, the simple structural arrangement is not applicable any more, and specific defects are shown as follows:
(1) Premixed combustion presents a flashback risk
Generally, for a premixing porous medium burner in the low-temperature heating field, air and fuel gas enter a porous medium to preheat and burn after being mixed in a premixing chamber, the porous medium is in a lower temperature environment and has limited backheating, and even if the burning working condition has great fluctuation, the backfire can be prevented. However, when the porous medium burner is applied to the field of medium-high temperature heating, the effective emissivity of the medium increases as the flame temperature increases by a factor of three of the temperature, and the backheating is enhanced. When the flame signal is continuously aggravated, the phenomenon that the electrode can detect the flame signal but the burner is tempered can occur. Therefore, the premixed porous medium burner inevitably has backfire risk, diffusion type combustion does not have backfire risk, and the diffusion type combustion is a good thought for the porous medium combustion.
(2) The electrode has hysteresis in detecting the combustion flame signal
When the porous medium burner adopts low-heating value gas (such as blast furnace gas) as fuel, flame temperature formed in the porous medium is low in the initial combustion stage and cannot be detected by an electrode due to low fuel heating value, and along with the combustion, the flame signal can be detected in the porous medium when the unburned premixed gas is heated to a certain temperature by means of the thermal reflux of the porous medium. Therefore, when the porous medium burner uses low-heating value gas as fuel, the flame signal detected by the electrode has hysteresis, and the hysteresis time is different according to the porous medium material and the type of fuel gas, and the existing porous medium burner has the defect.
(3) Failure to predict or diagnose porous media material usage based on real-time usage
The flame of the porous medium burner exists in the porous medium, when the porous medium burner is used for a long time, the conditions of ageing of materials and damage to pore structures are inevitably met, when the pore structures are damaged, part of flame can appear in the pore areas, the flame appears in the pore areas to further aggravate the damage of the pore areas, when the materials are damaged to a certain extent, the pore areas lose the barrier effect for preventing backfire, and the backfire of the burner occurs, so that the condition is even more when the porous medium burner is applied to the field of medium-high temperature heating. Therefore, the damage condition of the porous medium material with small holes needs to be monitored in the use process, and when the damage progresses to a certain extent, the porous medium material needs to be replaced in time so as to avoid safety accidents. However, the existing porous medium burner cannot structurally meet the diagnostic requirements.
(4) When the air and fuel gas of the burner is preheated, the real-time working condition cannot be monitored
Whether it is a conventional open flame burner or a porous medium burner, the prior premixed burner does not preheat air and gas, so as to prevent backfire, however, in theory, using flue gas waste heat for preheating air and gas is the best mode of energy recovery. When air or fuel gas is preheated, the control of the preheating temperature is very important, for premixed combustion, as the premixed gas is heated by the backflow heat of the porous medium in the preheating zone, the premixed gas is equivalent to the energy of preheating and the energy of backflow heating of the porous medium, the two parts of energy are mutually related, the preheating can increase the backflow heat of the porous medium, the backflow heat can increase the preheating effect, and once the heat is overlapped, the gas temperature reaches a certain value in the premixing chamber, even tempering explosion is caused, and safety accidents occur. For diffusion combustion, gaps exist at the interfaces of the diffusion outlets and the porous medium, the gaps are also overlapped by preheating energy and porous medium backflow heating energy, once the temperature of the gaps reaches the combustion temperature, combustion reaction can occur, the structures at the diffusion outlets can be damaged, and the explosion of the closed space can occur after the duration time to generate safety accidents. In the actual process, a heat exchanger is generally adopted for gas preheating, the heat source is combustion exhaust gas, the current design level of the heat exchanger generally cannot achieve accurate temperature control, the combustion exhaust gas can possibly fluctuate at any time, and all the factors can cause that the gas preheated by the heat exchanger cannot reach or exceed the design temperature, so that safety accidents occur. Therefore, whether premixed combustion or diffusion combustion, it is necessary to monitor the abrupt change of the gas preheating condition, which is inevitably generated in the actual process.
In view of the above, the porous medium burner needs to be improved at present, and particularly when the porous medium burner is applied to the field of medium-high temperature heating, a set of more improved equipment is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a diffusion type porous medium burner which can realize efficient and clean combustion of fuel, is suitable for gas combustion with different heat values, has the functions of effectively preventing backfire, facilitating flame monitoring, predicting and diagnosing the service condition of porous medium materials, effectively monitoring combustion working conditions under the condition of preheating air and fuel gas, and the like.
The invention is realized in the following way:
a diffusion porous media burner comprising:
the burner body comprises a burner outer shell, a burner inner shell and an air inlet channel, wherein the burner inner shell is inserted into the first cavity of the burner outer shell and is clung to the side wall of the burner outer shell; the combustor inner shell is provided with a second cavity which is communicated with the first cavity and is coaxially arranged; the burner inner shell is provided with an air distribution plate and a gas distribution plate which are arranged along the axial direction of the second cavity; in the first cavity, a first macroporous foam ceramic plate, a small-pore foam ceramic plate and a second macroporous foam ceramic plate are sequentially arranged in the downstream area of the end face of the gas distribution plate; the air inlet channel is arranged in the combustor inner shell and comprises a gas inlet, an air pipeline and a gas pipeline which is communicated with the gas inlet and is arranged in the air pipeline, the gas inlet is communicated with the gas distribution plate through the gas pipeline passing through the air distribution plate, and the air inlet is communicated with the air distribution plate through the air pipeline;
the thermocouple is arranged in the combustor inner shell, and one end of the thermocouple extends into the second cavity and is used for detecting the temperature of gas entering the first macroporous foam ceramic plate;
the ignition electrode is arranged at one end close to the second macroporous foam ceramic plate through an inclined opening of the burner shell and is used for igniting the air and fuel gas at the end face of the macroporous foam ceramic plate;
and a detection electrode inserted into the outlet end of the second macroporous foam ceramic plate through the horizontal opening of the burner housing and used for detecting the ionization signal of the flame.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the burner housing includes a first steel plate and a first lightweight high-strength castable material disposed on the first steel plate.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustor inner casing includes a second steel plate and a second lightweight high-strength castable material disposed on the second steel plate.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air distribution plate is a third steel plate with through holes, the gas pipe can pass through the through holes to be communicated with the gas distribution plate, and the third steel plate is fixedly arranged on the inner shell of the burner through a bracket.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the brackets is 4, each bracket penetrates through the second lightweight high-strength castable of the entire combustor inner casing, one end of the bracket is connected with the second steel plate, and the other end of the bracket is fixedly connected with the air distribution plate.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas distribution plate includes a distribution plate body and distribution branches circumferentially arranged on the distribution plate body, passages for air transportation are formed between adjacent distribution branches, and a plurality of air outlets are arranged on each distribution branch at intervals.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the distribution branches is ten, and the radial diameter of the air outlet on each distribution branch gradually increases in a direction gradually away from the distribution tray main body.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pore equivalent diameter of the small pore foam ceramic plate, the first large pore foam ceramic plate, the second large pore foam ceramic plate is between 0.4 and 5mm, the porosity is between 0.6 and 0.9, the number of pores is in the range of 10 to 60PPI, and the pores of the first large pore foam ceramic plate and the second large pore foam ceramic plate are larger than those of the small pore foam ceramic plate.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the small-pore foam ceramic plate, the first large-pore foam ceramic plate and the second large-pore foam ceramic plate are square porous media, and the space structure is net-shaped and made of alumina, silicon carbide or zirconia.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion porous media burner further comprises a ventilation pipe connected to the air inlet and a gas supply pipe connected to the gas inlet.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme:
the invention provides a diffusion type porous medium burner which comprises a burner body, a thermocouple, a sparking electrode and a detection electrode. The burner body comprises a burner outer shell, a burner inner shell and an air inlet channel, wherein the burner inner shell is inserted into a first cavity of the burner outer shell and is clung to the side wall of the burner outer shell;
the combustor inner shell is provided with a second cavity which is communicated with the first cavity and is coaxially arranged; the inner shell of the burner is provided with an air distribution plate and a gas distribution plate which are arranged along the axial direction of the second cavity; a first macroporous foam ceramic plate, a small-pore foam ceramic plate and a second macroporous foam ceramic plate are sequentially arranged in the first cavity along the axis direction from the end surface of the gas distribution plate to the downstream area; the air inlet channel is arranged in the combustor inner shell and comprises a gas inlet, an air pipeline and a gas pipeline which is communicated with the gas inlet and is arranged in the air pipeline, the gas inlet is communicated with the gas distribution plate through the gas pipeline which passes through the air distribution plate, and the air inlet is communicated with the air distribution plate through the air pipeline.
The air is diffused to the periphery through the diversion effect of the air distribution plate, and then uniformly enters the upstream foam ceramic plate through the channels among the branches of the gas distribution plate. Meanwhile, the gas is uniformly distributed by the gas distribution plate and is dispersed into the foam ceramic plate. The downstream parts from the end face of the gas distribution plate are respectively a first large-pore foam ceramic plate, a small-pore foam ceramic plate and a second large-pore foam ceramic plate. The device is respectively a first air-fuel gas mixing preheating zone, a second air-fuel gas mixing preheating zone and a combustion zone. In the first and second mixing preheating areas, the gas and air are severely disturbed in the foam ceramic plate and are continuously mixed due to the strengthening of the dispersion effect of the gas by the foam ceramic. At the same time, the foam ceramic in the area is heated by heat conduction and heat radiation of the downstream porous medium, and the mixed gas and the porous body perform convection and radiation heat exchange, so that the temperature of the mixed gas is increased. The preheated mixture is combusted in the second macroporous ceramic foam (combustion zone), and the combustion temperature is increased due to the preheating, so that more heat is transferred to the mixed preheating zone. The second mixed preheating zone is made of small-pore foam ceramic, tempering is effectively prevented by utilizing the flame quenching effect of small pores, and meanwhile, heat generated by downstream combustion is transferred to the mixed preheating zone through the high thermal conductivity and the heat emissivity of the porous medium, so that fresh mixed gas is efficiently preheated. The downstream combustion zone is used as a stable combustion chamber, combustion flame is immersed combustion, and combustion heat can be efficiently utilized by heating in a heat radiation mode.
And secondly, the thermocouple is arranged in the combustor inner shell, one end of the thermocouple extends into the second cavity, the use condition of the porous medium material is monitored and diagnosed by utilizing data measured by the thermocouple, and the service life of the porous medium material is predicted. Meanwhile, the data measured by the thermocouple is used for effectively monitoring the combustion working condition under the condition of preheating air and fuel gas, and feeding back and adjusting the operation parameters in the preheating equipment and the heating space.
The ignition electrode is arranged at one end close to the second macroporous foam ceramic plate through the inclined opening of the burner shell and is used for igniting the air and fuel gas at the end face of the macroporous foam ceramic plate; the detection electrode is inserted into the outlet end of the second macroporous foam ceramic plate through the horizontal opening of the burner housing and is used for detecting the ionization signal of the flame. The flame signal is monitored in real time through the synergistic effect of the detection electrode and the thermocouple, so that whether the fuel gas is ignited or not can be effectively judged, and stable combustion is ensured.
In summary, the diffusion type porous medium burner provided by the invention can realize efficient and clean combustion of fuel, is suitable for gas combustion with different heat values, has the functions of effectively preventing backfire, facilitating flame monitoring, predicting and diagnosing the service condition of porous medium materials, effectively monitoring combustion working conditions under the condition of preheating air and fuel gas, and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diffusion porous media burner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a burner housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a combustor inner casing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a gas dispersion plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: a 100-diffusion porous medium burner; 101-a burner body; 103-a burner housing; 105-a combustor inner casing; 111-a gas distribution plate; 113-a first macroporous foam ceramic plate; 115-small pore foam ceramic plate; 117-a second macroporous foam ceramic plate; 119-an air distribution tray; 121-a gas inlet; 123-air inlet; 125-air duct; 127-gas pipe; 129-thermocouple; 131-sparking electrode; 133-a detection electrode; 135-a first steel plate; 137-first light high-strength castable; 139-a second steel plate; 141-a second light high-strength castable; 143-a through hole; 145-a third steel plate; 147-bracket; 149-a dispensing disk body; 151-a distribution branch; 153-air outlet.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship in which the inventive product is conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature may include first and second features directly contacting each other, either above or below a second feature, or through additional features contacting each other, rather than directly contacting each other. Moreover, the first feature being above, over, and on the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being below, beneath, and beneath the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffusion porous medium burner 100 according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a diffusion type porous medium burner 100, comprising: burner body 101, thermocouple 129, ignition electrode 131, and detection electrode 133.
Referring to fig. 1 again, in the present embodiment, the burner body 101 includes a burner outer shell 103, a burner inner shell 105, and an air inlet channel, and the burner inner shell 105 is inserted into the first cavity of the burner outer shell 103 and is closely attached to the sidewall of the burner outer shell 103; the combustor inner casing 105 has a second cavity communicating with the first cavity and coaxially disposed; the burner inner case 105 has an air distribution plate 119 and a gas distribution plate 111 arranged in the axial direction of the second cavity; and in the first cavity, a first large-pore foam ceramic plate 113, a small-pore foam ceramic plate 115 and a second large-pore foam ceramic plate 117 are sequentially disposed in a downstream area of the end face of the gas distribution plate 111; the air inlet channel is arranged on the combustor inner shell 105 and comprises a gas inlet 121, an air inlet 123, an air pipeline 125 and a gas pipeline 127 which is communicated with the gas inlet 121 and is arranged in the air pipeline 125, wherein the gas inlet 121 is communicated with the gas distribution plate 111 through the gas pipeline 127 passing through the air distribution plate 119, and the air inlet 123 is communicated with the air distribution plate 119 through the air pipeline 125.
The air is guided by the air distribution plate 119 to spread around and then uniformly enters the upstream foam ceramic plate through the channels among the branches of the gas distribution plate 111. At the same time, the gas is uniformly distributed through the gas distribution plate 111 and is redispersed into the foam ceramic plate. From the downstream portion of the end face of the gas distribution plate 111 are a first large-pore foam ceramic plate 113, a small-pore foam ceramic plate 115, and a second large-pore foam ceramic plate 117, respectively. The device is respectively a first air-fuel gas mixing preheating zone, a second air-fuel gas mixing preheating zone and a combustion zone. In the first and second mixing preheating areas, the gas and air are severely disturbed in the foam ceramic plate and are continuously mixed due to the strengthening of the dispersion effect of the gas by the foam ceramic. At the same time, the foam ceramic in the area is heated by heat conduction and heat radiation of the downstream porous medium, and the mixed gas and the porous body perform convection and radiation heat exchange, so that the temperature of the mixed gas is increased. The preheated mixture is combusted in the second macroporous ceramic foam (combustion zone), and the combustion temperature is increased due to the preheating, so that more heat is transferred to the mixed preheating zone. The second mixed preheating zone is made of small-pore foam ceramic, tempering is effectively prevented by utilizing the flame quenching effect of small pores, and meanwhile, heat generated by downstream combustion is transferred to the mixed preheating zone through the high thermal conductivity and the heat emissivity of the porous medium, so that fresh mixed gas is efficiently preheated. The downstream combustion zone is used as a stable combustion chamber, combustion flame is immersed combustion, and combustion heat can be efficiently utilized by heating in a heat radiation mode.
Next, a thermocouple 129 is disposed in the combustor inner casing 105, and one end of the thermocouple 129 extends into the second cavity, and the usage of the porous medium material is monitored and diagnosed by using the data measured by the thermocouple 129, so as to predict the service life of the porous medium material. Meanwhile, the data measured by the thermocouple 129 is utilized to effectively monitor the combustion working condition under the condition of preheating air and fuel gas, and the operation parameters in the preheating equipment and the heating space are fed back and adjusted.
And, the striking electrode 131 is disposed near one end of the second large-hole foam ceramic plate 117 through the inclined opening of the burner housing 103, and is for igniting the air-fuel gas of the end face of the large-hole foam ceramic plate; the detection electrode 133 is inserted into the outlet end of the second macroporous foam ceramic plate 117 through the horizontal opening of the burner housing 103 and serves to detect an ionization signal of the flame. By monitoring the flame signal in real time through the sensing electrode 133 and the thermocouple 129, it is possible to effectively judge whether the gas is ignited and ensure stable combustion.
In summary, the diffusion porous medium burner 100 provided by the invention can realize efficient and clean combustion of fuel, is suitable for gas combustion with different heat values, and has the functions of effectively preventing backfire, facilitating flame monitoring, predicting and diagnosing the service condition of porous medium materials, effectively monitoring combustion conditions under the condition of preheating air and fuel gas, and the like.
In detail, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the burner housing 103 provided in the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the burner housing 103 includes a first steel plate 135 and a first lightweight high-strength castable 137 disposed on the first steel plate 135. The first cavity of the burner housing 103 has a decreasing size from the outside to the inside of the three stages, with the largest stage at the front for assembly with the burner inner housing 105, the middle stage for mounting the gas distribution plate 111 and for serving as an air gas diffusion channel, and the last stage having a size slightly larger than the porous dielectric plate for securing the porous dielectric plate within the cavity.
In detail, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the combustor inner case 105 provided in the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the combustor inner casing 105 includes a second steel plate 139 and a second lightweight high-strength castable 141 disposed on the second steel plate 139. The combustor inner casing 105 is shaped and sized to match the largest primary square cavity size of the first cavity of the combustor outer casing 103 in a two-stage configuration. The combustor inner shell 105 is provided with a second cavity which is coaxially arranged with the first cavity, a pipeline through hole 143 is reserved at the front section of the second cavity, an air distribution plate 119 is arranged at the tail end of the through hole 143, the middle part of the second cavity is used as an air buffer chamber, and a boss is arranged at the tail end of the second cavity and used for fixing the gas distribution plate 111.
Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the damaged porous medium in the cavity, the inner shell 105 and the outer shell of the burner are formed by casting steel plates and light high-strength castable attached to the steel plates, the castable and the steel plates are reinforced by anchor nails, and the outer shell is connected with the wall surface of the furnace wall and the inner shell and the outer shell by bolts through the bottom plate of the shell.
Wherein, the air distribution plate 119 is a third steel plate 145 with through holes 143, the gas pipeline 127 can pass through the through holes 143 to be communicated with the gas distribution plate 111, and the third steel plate 145 is fixedly arranged on the inner shell 105 of the burner through a bracket 147. The air distribution plate 119 can guide air to diffuse around the cavity, so that the air is uniformly distributed on the section of the porous medium, uniform mixing of the air and the gas in the porous medium is ensured, and the combustion temperature is uniformly distributed. And, the number of the brackets 147 is 4, and each bracket 147 penetrates through the second light high-strength casting material 141 of the whole combustor inner shell 105, one end of the bracket is connected with the second steel plate 139, and the other end of the bracket is fixedly connected with the air distribution plate 119. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of the brackets 147 may be selected according to the requirements, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas distribution plate 111 according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in the present embodiment, the gas distribution plate 111 includes a distribution plate main body 149 and distribution branches 151 circumferentially arranged on the distribution plate main body 149, passages for air transportation are formed between adjacent distribution branches 151, and a plurality of air outlets 153 are disposed on each distribution branch 151 at intervals. And, the centre of a circle air inlet of distribution plate main part 149 and gas pipeline 127 terminal fixed connection, gas enters ten branch roads in, and then comes out from each gas outlet 153 and disperses into the porous foam ceramic plate, plays evenly distributed gas effect.
As a preferred option, in the present embodiment, the number of the distribution branches 151 is ten, and the radial diameter of the air outlet 153 on each distribution branch 151 is gradually increased in a direction gradually away from the distribution tray main body 149.
Referring again to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the pore equivalent diameters of the small pore foam ceramic plate 115, the first large pore foam ceramic plate 113, and the second large pore foam ceramic plate 117 are between 0.4 and 5mm, the porosity is between 0.6 and 0.9, the number of pores is in the range of 10 to 60PPI, and the pores of the first large pore foam ceramic plate 113 and the second large pore foam ceramic plate 117 are larger than those of the small pore foam ceramic plate 115.
In detail, the porous dielectric material used in the embodiments of the present invention is alumina, silicon carbide or zirconia, and is porous foam ceramic, and the space structure is a net-shaped or other open-cell or partially open-cell structure, and the shape of the porous dielectric material may be square, round or irregular. The equivalent pore diameter is between 0.4 and 5mm, the porosity is about 0.6 to 0.9, and the pore number is in the range of 10 to 60PPI (pores per inch). The foamed ceramic is a special porous medium with small density, high strength, good air permeability, heat resistance, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance, and has a heat conductivity coefficient smaller than that of a metal material, but is much larger than that of gas, the heat capacity and the heat radiation capacity are thousands of times larger than those of gas, and the foamed ceramic is a combustion field better than that of free space. Dividing the porous medium into upper, middle and downstream areas from the air inlet direction, filling foam ceramics with different porosities and different pore diameters in each area,
the first mixed preheating zone, the second mixed preheating zone and the combustion zone are respectively used according to the functions. The porous medium in the first mixing preheating zone is a macroporous foam ceramic plate, and the air and the gas are mixed uniformly in the foam ceramic holes by the intense disturbance of the dispersion effect of the porous medium. The second mixing preheating zone is small-pore foam ceramic, the air and the coal gas are further and uniformly mixed by the diffusion effect of the porous medium, the tempering is effectively prevented by utilizing the flame quenching effect of the small pores, and meanwhile, the heat generated by downstream combustion is transferred to the preheating zone through the high thermal conductivity and the heat emissivity of the porous medium, so that the fresh mixed gas is efficiently preheated. The downstream combustion zone is used as a stable combustion chamber, combustion flame is immersed combustion, and combustion heat can be efficiently utilized by heating in a heat radiation mode.
Meanwhile, as a preferable scheme, in the embodiment, in order to facilitate replacement of the damaged foam ceramic plate, each part is formed by bolting, so that disassembly, assembly and recombination of each part are facilitated. The sparking electrode 131 is inserted through a downwardly inclined opening in the outer lining
Into the porous medium for detecting flame signals. The chambers are sequentially arranged from inside to outside into a large-pore foam ceramic plate, a small-pore foam ceramic plate 115, a large-pore foam ceramic plate, a gas distribution plate 111, an air distribution plate 119 and an inner shell. Wherein, the clearance between the foam ceramic plate and the cavity is filled with fire-resistant quartz wool. The gas inlet of the gas distribution plate 111 is linked and fixed with the central gas pipe 127. The center of the air distribution plate 119 is connected to a carbon steel bracket 147 welded to the bottom of the inner shell by a gas pipe 127 with peripheral bolts. The inner shell is mounted in the primary cavity of the outer shell and is positioned outside the air distribution plate 119, and the center of the inner shell is an air supply pipeline. The thermocouple 129 is inserted into the second cavity through the inner housing through-hole 143 for detecting the temperature of the gas entering the first large-hole foam ceramic plate 113. Outside the shell, the air inlet is connected with an air supply and air supply pipeline.
Air and gas flow in a unidirectional way, enter the burner in parallel, are diffused around the cavity under the diversion effect of the air distribution plate 119, and then uniformly enter the upstream foam ceramic plate through the channels among the branches of the gas distribution plate 111. The flame signal is monitored in real time by the ceramic foam end detection electrode 133 to determine whether the premixed gas is ignited and burned stably.
Moreover, the utilization of the thermocouple 129 to complete the whole system of the porous medium burner is unique to the invention, and the data measured by the thermocouple 129 can be combined with a corresponding control system to realize: (1) The temperature and flame signals cooperate to monitor ignition and operating conditions; (2) The method can be suitable for controlling the combustion of gases with different heat values in a porous medium; (3) The service condition of the porous medium material can be monitored and diagnosed, and the service life of the porous medium material can be predicted; (4) The combustion working condition can be effectively monitored under the condition of preheating air and fuel gas, and the operation parameters in the preheating equipment and the heating space can be fed back and adjusted.
In summary, the diffusion porous medium burner 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the diffusion type porous medium burner 100 can realize efficient and clean combustion of fuel, is suitable for gas combustion with different heat values, can effectively prevent backfire, is convenient for flame monitoring, predicts and diagnoses the service condition of porous medium materials, and has the functions of effectively monitoring combustion working conditions and the like under the condition of preheating air and fuel gas.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A diffusion porous media burner comprising:
the burner comprises a burner body, a burner cover, a burner inner shell and an air inlet channel, wherein the burner inner shell is inserted into a first cavity of the burner cover and is clung to the side wall of the burner cover; the combustor inner shell is provided with a second cavity which is communicated with the first cavity and is coaxially arranged; the combustor inner shell is provided with an air distribution plate and a gas distribution plate which are arranged along the axial direction of the second cavity; a first macroporous foam ceramic plate, a small-pore foam ceramic plate and a second macroporous foam ceramic plate are sequentially arranged in the downstream area of the end face of the gas distribution plate in the first cavity; the combustor inner shell is provided with an air distribution plate arranged along the axial direction of the second cavity; the air inlet channel is arranged in the combustor inner shell and comprises a gas inlet, an air pipeline and a gas pipeline which is communicated with the gas inlet and is arranged in the air pipeline, the gas inlet is communicated with the gas distribution plate through the gas pipeline penetrating through the air distribution plate, and the air inlet is communicated with the air distribution plate through the air pipeline;
the thermocouple is arranged in the combustor inner shell, one end of the thermocouple extends into the second cavity and is used for detecting the temperature of gas entering the first macroporous foam ceramic plate;
the ignition electrode is arranged at one end close to the second macroporous foam ceramic plate through an inclined opening of the burner shell and is used for igniting the air and fuel gas at the end face of the macroporous foam ceramic plate;
a detection electrode inserted into an outlet end of the second macroporous foam ceramic plate through a horizontal opening of the burner housing and for detecting an ionization signal of flame;
the air distribution plate is a third steel plate with a through hole, the gas pipeline can pass through the through hole and be communicated with the gas distribution plate, and the third steel plate is fixedly arranged in the combustor inner shell through a bracket;
the gas distribution plate comprises a distribution plate main body and distribution branches which are arranged on the distribution plate main body in a circumferential array manner, a channel for air transportation is formed between adjacent distribution branches, and a plurality of air outlets are formed in each distribution branch at intervals;
the pore equivalent diameters of the small-pore foam ceramic plate, the first large-pore foam ceramic plate and the second large-pore foam ceramic plate are between 0.4 and 5mm, the porosity is between 0.6 and 0.9, the pore number is within the range of 10 to 60PPI, and the pores of the first large-pore foam ceramic plate and the second large-pore foam ceramic plate are larger than those of the small-pore foam ceramic plate.
2. The diffusion porous media burner of claim 1, wherein:
the combustor housing comprises a first steel plate and a first light high-strength castable arranged on the first steel plate.
3. The diffusion porous media burner of claim 1, wherein:
the combustor inner shell comprises a second steel plate and second light high-strength castable arranged on the second steel plate.
4. A diffusion porous media burner according to claim 3, wherein:
the number of the brackets is 4, each bracket penetrates through the whole second light high-strength castable of the combustor inner shell, one end of each bracket is connected with the second steel plate, and the other end of each bracket is fixedly connected with the air distribution plate.
5. The diffusion porous media burner of claim 1, wherein:
the number of the distribution branches is ten, and the radial diameter of the air outlet on each distribution branch is gradually increased in the direction gradually away from the distribution disc main body.
6. The diffusion porous media burner of claim 1, wherein:
the small-pore foam ceramic plate, the first large-pore foam ceramic plate and the second large-pore foam ceramic plate are square porous media, the space structure is netlike, and the material is alumina, silicon carbide or zirconia.
7. The diffusion porous media burner of claim 1, wherein:
the diffusion porous media burner further comprises a ventilation pipe connected to the air inlet and a gas supply pipe connected to the gas inlet.
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| CN104595897A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-05-06 | 武汉科技大学 | Single-layer porous foam ceramic plate partial pre-mixing fuel gas combustor |
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| CN208205003U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-12-07 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of diffusion type porous medium burner |
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| DE102004049903B4 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2008-04-17 | Enerday Gmbh | Burner device with a porous body |
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| CN104595897A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-05-06 | 武汉科技大学 | Single-layer porous foam ceramic plate partial pre-mixing fuel gas combustor |
| CN104613472A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-05-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Two-dimensional temperature measurement porous medium burner |
| CN104930513A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-23 | 周海波 | Fuel-gas-catalyzing flameless near-infrared direct heating porous medium combustor |
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