CN108439952B - High-strength water permeable brick with low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength water permeable brick with low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108439952B CN108439952B CN201810484821.5A CN201810484821A CN108439952B CN 108439952 B CN108439952 B CN 108439952B CN 201810484821 A CN201810484821 A CN 201810484821A CN 108439952 B CN108439952 B CN 108439952B
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- water permeable
- expanded perlite
- white mud
- permeable brick
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001785 acacia senegal l. willd gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical group [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUGSDIOYQBRKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Si].Cl XUGSDIOYQBRKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1305—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/442—Carbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength water permeable brick taking low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials. The silica-alumina skeleton structure of the water permeable brick mainly utilizes the action of a compound alkali activator solution to generate gaps, utilizes the foaming of Arabic gum and carbon powder, and utilizes expanded perlite with different characteristics for regulating and controlling the water permeability and the mechanical strength. The compression strength of the water permeable brick is 53 Mpa-68 Mpa, the water permeability coefficient is 2.3 mm/s-3.7 mm/s, and the weather resistance, the freeze-thaw resistance, the application comfort and the like all accord with the current standards in the industry. The high-strength water permeable brick prepared from the low-grade white mud is suitable for water permeable pavement in sponge city construction in China, can improve the efficient utilization of tailings in the process of mining nonmetallic ores, changes waste into valuable, and has the effect of environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of inorganic mineral composite materials and water permeable paving building materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a high-strength water permeable brick by using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials.
Background
With the development of society, especially the progress of science and technology, the rapid development of social productivity is greatly promoted; while the society rapidly develops and brings people increasingly rich material life, the social negative phenomena such as global warming, haze weather and the like continuously appear along with excessive overdraft consumption on the environment.
In order to improve the utilization rate of energy and mineral resources, reduce environmental pollution and accelerate the construction of roads in sponge cities in China, the research and development of the permeable pavement building materials of the inorganic mineral composite material become an important way for solving the problems.
The patent application with the publication number of CN106747196A discloses an environment-friendly water permeable brick, which is prepared by mixing phosphogypsum, fly ash, quicklime, a filler, an auxiliary agent, water and the like; the solid waste phosphogypsum discharged during the production of phosphate fertilizer and phosphoric acid is utilized to develop the water permeable brick, the waste is reasonably utilized as a resource, and the production cost of the water permeable brick is effectively reduced by adding the components such as quicklime, fly ash and the like. The water permeable brick ensures that the 28d compressive strength of the water permeable brick reaches more than 25MPa, the 28d flexural strength reaches more than 5MPa, the porosity is more than 20 percent and the water permeability coefficient reaches more than 1.5mm/s by reasonably adjusting the filler particle size and the water-cement ratio of the formula and adding a proper amount of additives and the like.
The patent application with the publication number of CN 107721250A discloses a high-strength water permeable brick and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the water permeable brick is prepared by taking phosphogypsum, lead-zinc slag, titanium dioxide, kaolin and polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion as main raw materials through the working procedures of fully mixing the materials, forming, curing and the like.
The patent application with the publication number of CN 107488017A discloses a water permeable brick which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 337 parts of quartz sand 230-containing sand, 100 parts of iron tailing extra fine sand, 73-94 parts of silicon hydrochloric acid cement, 354-6 parts of epoxy resin GCCl, 32-36 parts of water, 20-1.92 parts of curing agent GCCl371.20, 6-14 parts of mortar coagulant, 0.18-0.78 part of silane coupling agent KH5500.08, 55-70 parts of air entraining agent, 11-13 parts of cementing agent, 1.5-2.1 parts of additive, 340-containing fine stone aggregate 531 parts, 1-4 parts of pigment, 9-13 parts of cement reinforcing agent and 12-14 parts of accelerator.
The technical scheme and the products produced by the technical scheme of the patent application reach the current standard of paving building materials in the industry, but the water permeability coefficient and the mechanical strength are slightly low, and most of the water permeability coefficient and the mechanical strength cannot be high, so that the advantages of the water permeability coefficient and the mechanical strength are not obvious in the process of building the water permeable pavement. In addition, the water permeable bricks prepared by using high-grade raw ore, portland cement and the like cause huge waste of resources and energy.
The low-grade white mud is tailings generated in the process of mining kaolin ores, the low-grade white mud is low in purity and poor in activity and is not beneficial to plant cultivation, most of tailings wastes are accumulated in farmlands or open spaces around mining areas, and serious damage is brought to the environment. The low-grade tailings are also composed of main elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminum and the like, and have a certain layered silicate structure, for example, the elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminum and the like can form a silicon-oxygen-aluminum framework structure in the sintering process, and the mechanical strength can be obviously improved when the elements exist in a fired product in a semi-crystalline structure. In addition, the expanded perlite has rich pore channel structures and low price, different gap structures and mechanical properties can be obtained by blending the composition formula, and the requirements of the construction of the permeable pavement can be finally met.
Therefore, it is a problem worth studying to provide a method for preparing a high-strength water permeable brick by using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, improve the high-efficiency utilization rate of the low-grade white mud in the mining process of kaolin ores, reduce environmental pollution and accelerate the requirement of inorganic mineral composite environment-friendly materials in the construction of roads in sponge cities in China, the invention provides a high-strength water permeable brick taking the low-grade white mud, expanded perlite, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, Arabic gum and carbon powder as main raw materials and a production method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a high-strength water permeable brick using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials comprises the following materials: low-grade white mud, expanded perlite, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, Arabic gum and carbon powder;
the mass fraction of the materials is as follows: 55-75% of low-grade white mud, 15-30% of expanded perlite, 2-4% of Arabic gum and 12-16% of carbon powder, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the four materials is 100%;
the low-grade white mud is tailings in the mining process of kaolin ores, and is sieved and crushed, and the sieved materials with the particle size of 150-230 meshes are taken;
the expanded perlite is perforated expanded perlite with the granularity of 80-100 meshes;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium bicarbonate is 1: 2-3, and preparing the mixture into a 5% alkali-activated aqueous solution;
the Arabic gum is in a fine powder shape;
the size of the carbon powder particles is 250-380 μm;
the purities of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium bicarbonate, the Arabic gum and the carbon powder are all industrial grade;
the preparation method of the high-strength water permeable brick taking the low-grade white mud and the expanded perlite as main raw materials comprises the following steps:
1) fully spraying and wetting the low-grade white mud by using a 5% alkali-activated water solution, and standing for 5-8 hours for later use;
2) uniformly mixing the screened expanded perlite, the screened Arabic gum and the screened carbon powder in a stirrer, and adding the mixture into the stirrer in the step 1) for fully mixing;
3) aging the mixed material obtained in the step 2) for 1-2 days, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of 4-5 cm under the unidirectional pressure of 12-20 Mpa;
4) naturally drying the green body obtained in the step 3) or drying the green body in an electric heating circulating oven at the temperature of 90-120 ℃;
5) sintering the blank obtained in the step 4) in a high-temperature furnace at 950-1050 ℃ for 2-3 h, and naturally cooling along with the furnace to obtain a water permeable brick product.
Has the positive and beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the traditional one-way pressure green body pressing process, and the complex alkali-activated solution is utilized to promote the generation of the silica-alumina framework structure in the low-grade white mud in the green body in the sintering process, thereby improving the strength of the water permeable brick; the foaming effect of the Arabic gum and the carbon powder is utilized, so that different types of gaps are generated in the structure of the Arabic gum to improve the water permeability; the internal structure, water permeability, volume weight, mechanical strength and the like of the permeable brick are regulated and controlled by utilizing the expanded perlite with different characteristics. The water permeable brick prepared by the method has the remarkable advantages that the compressive strength is 53 Mpa-68 Mpa, the water permeability coefficient is 2.3 mm/s-3.7 mm/s, and the result is obviously superior to the current standard in the industry; in addition, the prepared water permeable brick has weather resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, application comfort and the like which all meet the requirements of the current standard. The high-strength water permeable brick prepared from the low-grade white mud is suitable for water permeable pavement in the construction of roads in sponge cities in China, can improve the efficient utilization of tailings in the mining process of nonmetallic ores, changes waste into valuable, and has the effect of environmental protection.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples:
a high-strength water permeable brick using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials comprises the following materials: low-grade white mud, expanded perlite, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, Arabic gum and carbon powder;
the mass fraction of the materials is as follows: 55-75% of low-grade white mud, 15-30% of expanded perlite, 2-4% of Arabic gum and 12-16% of carbon powder, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the four materials is 100%;
the low-grade white mud is tailings in the mining process of kaolin ores, and is sieved and crushed, and the sieved materials with the particle size of 150-230 meshes are taken;
the expanded perlite is perforated expanded perlite with the granularity of 80-100 meshes;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium bicarbonate is 1: 2-3, and preparing the mixture into a 5% alkali-activated aqueous solution;
the Arabic gum is in a fine powder shape;
the size of the carbon powder particles is 250-380 μm;
the purities of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium bicarbonate, the Arabic gum and the carbon powder are all industrial grade;
the preparation method of the high-strength water permeable brick taking the low-grade white mud and the expanded perlite as main raw materials comprises the following steps:
1) fully spraying and wetting the low-grade white mud by using a 5% alkali-activated water solution, and standing for 5-8 hours for later use;
2) uniformly mixing the screened expanded perlite, the screened Arabic gum and the screened carbon powder in a stirrer, and adding the mixture into the stirrer in the step 1) for fully mixing;
3) aging the mixed material obtained in the step 2) for 1-2 days, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of 4-5 cm under the unidirectional pressure of 12-20 Mpa;
4) naturally drying the green body obtained in the step 3) or drying the green body in an electric heating circulating oven at the temperature of 90-120 ℃;
5) sintering the blank obtained in the step 4) in a high-temperature furnace at 950-1050 ℃ for 2-3 h, and naturally cooling along with the furnace to obtain a water permeable brick product.
Example 1
Weighing 10.0kg of low-grade white mud sieved and crushed by 230 meshes, placing the low-grade white mud into a stirrer, soaking the white mud by using a prepared 5% aqueous solution of an alkali activator in a spray wetting manner (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium bicarbonate in the alkali activator is 1: 2.5), and standing the soaked white mud for later use after 6 hours; weighing 3.2kg of expanded perlite with the granularity of 100 meshes, 540.0g of Arabic gum and 2.4kg of carbon powder with the particle size of 300 mu m, uniformly mixing and stirring, adding into a white mud stirrer, and fully mixing to obtain a mixture; aging the mixture for 1 day, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of about 4.5cm under the unidirectional pressure of 18 Mpa; and (3) drying the green body in an electric heating circulating oven at 110 ℃, sintering the green body in a high-temperature furnace at 1000 ℃ for 2h, and naturally cooling the green body along with the furnace to obtain the water permeable brick product.
The compressive strength of the prepared water permeable brick is 62Mpa, and the water permeability coefficient is 3.1 mm/s.
Example 2
Weighing 7.5kg of low-grade white mud which is sieved and crushed by 200 meshes, placing the low-grade white mud into a stirrer, soaking the white mud by using a prepared alkali-activated water solution with the mass fraction of 5% (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium bicarbonate in the alkali-activated water solution is 1: 2) in a spray wetting manner, and standing the soaked white mud for 7 hours for later use; weighing 3.0kg of expanded perlite with the granularity of 80 meshes, 400.0g of Arabic gum and 1.6kg of carbon powder with the granularity of 250 mu m, uniformly mixing and stirring, adding into a white mud stirrer, and fully mixing to obtain a mixture; aging the mixture for 2 days, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of about 4.5cm under the unidirectional pressure of 20 Mpa; and (3) drying the green body in an electric heating circulating oven at 110 ℃, sintering the green body in a high-temperature furnace at 1050 ℃ for 2h, and naturally cooling the green body along with the furnace to obtain the water permeable brick product.
The compressive strength of the prepared water permeable brick is 68Mpa, and the water permeability coefficient is 2.3 mm/s.
Example 3
Weighing 6.7kg of low-grade white mud which is sieved and crushed by 150 meshes, placing the low-grade white mud into a stirrer, soaking the white mud by using a prepared alkali-activated water solution with the mass fraction of 5% (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium bicarbonate in the alkali-activated water solution is 1: 3) in a spray wetting manner, and standing the soaked white mud for 7 hours for later use; weighing 2.6kg of expanded perlite with the granularity of 100 meshes, 350.0g of Arabic gum and 1.5kg of carbon powder with the granularity of 380 mu m, uniformly mixing and stirring, adding into a white mud stirrer, and fully mixing to obtain a mixture; aging the mixture for 2 days, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of about 4.5cm under the unidirectional pressure of 12 Mpa; and (3) drying the green body in an electric heating circulating oven at 100 ℃, sintering the green body in a high-temperature furnace at 950 ℃ for 3 hours, and naturally cooling the green body along with the furnace to obtain the water permeable brick product.
The compressive strength of the prepared water permeable brick is 53Mpa, and the water permeability coefficient is 3.7 mm/s.
Example 4
Weighing 9.5kg of low-grade white mud which is sieved and crushed by 200 meshes, placing the low-grade white mud into a stirrer, soaking the white mud by using a prepared alkali-activated water solution with the mass fraction of 5% (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium bicarbonate in the alkali-activated water solution is 1: 2) in a spray wetting manner, and standing the soaked white mud for 6 hours for later use; weighing 2.9kg of expanded perlite with the granularity of 80 meshes, 500.0g of Arabic gum and 1.9kg of carbon powder with the particle size of 300 mu m, uniformly mixing and stirring, adding into a white mud stirrer, and fully mixing to obtain a mixture; aging the mixture for 1 day, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of about 4.5cm under the unidirectional pressure of 16 Mpa; and after natural air drying, sintering the mixture in a high-temperature furnace at 1000 ℃ for 3h, and naturally cooling the mixture along with the furnace to obtain the water permeable brick product.
The compressive strength of the prepared water permeable brick is 56Mpa, and the water permeability coefficient is 3.3 mm/s.
Example 5
Weighing 1.1kg of low-grade white mud which is sieved and crushed by 180 meshes, placing the low-grade white mud into a stirrer, soaking the white mud by using a prepared 5% aqueous solution of an alkali activator in a spray wetting manner (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium bicarbonate in the alkali activator is 1: 3), and standing the soaked white mud for later use after 8 hours; weighing 3.3kg of expanded perlite with the granularity of 100 meshes, 550.0g of Arabic gum and 2.1kg of carbon powder with the granularity of 380 mu m, uniformly mixing and stirring, adding into a white mud stirrer, and fully mixing to obtain a mixture; aging the mixture for 1 day, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of about 4.5cm under the unidirectional pressure of 18 Mpa; and after natural air drying, sintering the mixture in a high-temperature furnace at 1050 ℃ for 3h, and naturally cooling the mixture along with the furnace to obtain the water permeable brick product.
The compressive strength of the prepared water permeable brick is 60Mpa, and the water permeability coefficient is 2.9 mm/s.
The invention adopts the traditional one-way pressure green body pressing process, and promotes the silica-alumina framework structure in the low-grade white mud in the green body to be generated in the sintering process by using the compound alkali activator solution, thereby improving the strength of the permeable brick; the foaming effect of the Arabic gum and the carbon powder is utilized, so that different types of gaps are generated in the structure of the Arabic gum to improve the water permeability; the internal structure, water permeability, volume weight, mechanical strength and the like of the permeable brick are regulated and controlled by utilizing the expanded perlite with different characteristics. The water permeable brick prepared by the method has the remarkable advantages that the compressive strength is 53 Mpa-68 Mpa, the water permeability coefficient is 2.3 mm/s-3.7 mm/s, and the result is obviously superior to the current standard in the industry; in addition, the prepared water permeable brick has weather resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, application comfort and the like which meet the requirements of the current standard. The high-strength water permeable brick prepared from the low-grade white mud is suitable for water permeable pavement in the construction of roads in sponge cities in China, can improve the efficient utilization of tailings in the mining process of nonmetallic ores, changes waste into valuable, and has the effect of environmental protection.
Finally, the embodiments are described in the patent, which are only used for illustrating the preferred embodiments of the invention, but the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art in the scope of the claims of the invention should be covered by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A high-strength water permeable brick using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials is characterized in that: the material comprises the following components: low-grade white mud, expanded perlite, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, Arabic gum and carbon powder; the mass fraction of the materials is as follows: 55-75% of low-grade white mud, 15-30% of expanded perlite, 2-4% of Arabic gum and 12-16% of carbon powder, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the four materials is 100%;
the low-grade white mud is tailings in the mining process of kaolin ores, and is sieved and crushed, and the sieved materials with the particle size of 150-230 meshes are taken; the expanded perlite is perforated expanded perlite with the granularity of 80-100 meshes; the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium bicarbonate is 1: 2-3, and preparing the mixture into a 5% alkali-activated aqueous solution.
2. The high-strength water permeable brick using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Arabic gum is in a fine powder shape.
3. The high-strength water permeable brick using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the size of the carbon powder particles is 250-380 μm.
4. The high-strength water permeable brick using low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the purities of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium bicarbonate, the Arabic gum and the carbon powder are all industrial grade.
5. The method for preparing the high-strength water permeable brick using the low-grade white mud and the expanded perlite as the main raw materials according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) fully spraying and wetting the low-grade white mud by using a 5% alkali-activated water solution, and standing for 5-8 hours for later use;
2) uniformly mixing the screened expanded perlite, the screened Arabic gum and the screened carbon powder in a stirrer, and adding the mixture into the stirrer in the step 1) for fully mixing;
3) aging the mixed material obtained in the step 2) for 1 to 2 days, and then preparing a green body with the length of 25cm, the width of 20cm and the thickness of 4 to 5cm under the unidirectional pressure of 12 to 20 MPa;
4) naturally drying the green body obtained in the step 3) or drying the green body in an electric heating circulating oven at the temperature of 90-120 ℃;
5) sintering the blank obtained in the step 4) in a high-temperature furnace at 950-1050 ℃ for 2-3 h, and naturally cooling along with the furnace to obtain a water permeable brick product.
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