CN115925344A - Baking-free brick taking iron tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Baking-free brick taking iron tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115925344A CN115925344A CN202310010954.XA CN202310010954A CN115925344A CN 115925344 A CN115925344 A CN 115925344A CN 202310010954 A CN202310010954 A CN 202310010954A CN 115925344 A CN115925344 A CN 115925344A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- RRDQTXGFURAKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 RRDQTXGFURAKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[AlH3] Chemical compound [O].[AlH3] CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011451 fired brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010850 salt effect Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicon (aluminum) oxygen Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to solve the problems of the baking-free brick in the prior art and provides a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as a raw material and a preparation method thereof. The baking-free brick provided by the technical scheme of the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by dry weight: 40-81% of aggregate; 9 to 50 percent of cementing material; 2 to 15 percent of water; 0.05 to 0.2 percent of water reducing agent; the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20 to 60 percent of steel slag, 0 to 60 percent of granulated blast furnace slag, 10 to 30 percent of gypsum and 0 to 30 percent of desulfurized ash. The invention adopts the iron tailings with the fineness modulus less than 0.7 and industrial solid wastes such as steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, desulfurized ash and the like, reduces the cost, ensures the strength of the product, is suitable for baking-free bricks with various strength grades, and avoids the problems of high cost and high carbon dioxide emission of the baking-free bricks produced by cement cementing of the traditional tailings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as a raw material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The baking-free brick has the advantages of high material strength, good durability, standard size, complete appearance, accurate size, convenient construction and the like, conforms to the national sustainable development strategy of energy conservation and environmental protection, becomes the mainstream product of the modern building material, and has wide market prospect.
The iron tailings are common mine wastes, the discharge amount of the tailings is increased along with the increasing of the mining granularity of mineral resources, particularly, the fine tailings are small in particle size, strong in adsorbability and high in utilization difficulty, great pressure is brought to enterprises and ecological environments, and the comprehensive utilization of the tailings is accelerated.
The research on baking-free bricks in the prior art is also hot, and some baking-free bricks also utilize tailings. For example, application No. CN202111324040.8 discloses a method for preparing baking-free bricks by using iron tailings and waste residues, wherein the iron tailings are crushed, magnetically separated, subjected to wet ball milling, supplemented with building waste as aggregate, and portland cement as a cementing material, and subjected to molding and high-temperature steam curing to obtain the baking-free bricks. But the treatment mode of the iron tailings is complex, the production cost can be greatly increased by crushing, magnetic separation and ball milling, and the production cost can be further increased by selecting cement as a cementing material. The application number is CN201910766638.9, and discloses an iron tailing non-steaming baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the baking-free brick can be obtained by simply stirring and mixing 30-57 parts of iron tailings, 11-15 parts of curing agent, 27-55 parts of waste stone and 9-13 parts of water, and filling, compacting and molding at the pressure of 160-200 kN. However, the highest mixing amount of the iron tailings is 57 parts, and curing agents such as cement need to be added. At present, cement is needed to be used as one of cementing agents when the baking-free bricks are prepared by utilizing iron tailings in the prior art, and the tailing mixing amount is relatively low. The invention greatly increases the use amount of the iron tailings, and utilizes slag, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, desulfurized ash and the like as cementing materials to prepare the 0-clinker baking-free brick.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the baking-free brick in the prior art and provides a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as a raw material and a preparation method thereof. The invention adopts the iron tailings with the fineness modulus less than 0.7 and industrial solid wastes such as steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, desulfurized ash and the like, reduces the cost, ensures the strength of the product, is suitable for baking-free bricks with various strength grades, and avoids the problems of high cost and high carbon dioxide emission of the baking-free bricks produced by cement cementing of the traditional tailings.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is that the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material is prepared from the following raw material components in percentage by weight on a dry basis:
the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20 to 60 percent of steel slag, 0 to 60 percent of granulated blast furnace slag, 10 to 30 percent of gypsum and 0 to 30 percent of desulfurized ash.
Further, the aggregate is the iron tailings with the fineness modulus of less than 0.7; preferably, the iron tailings are magnetite-quartzite type iron tailings.
Further, the specification of the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw materials is as follows: the particle size D90 is 30-40 mu m or the specific surface area is 400-600 m 2 Per kg; the steel slag is iron-removed steel slag, and the iron content is 0.5-10%.
Further, the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material is prepared by using water-quenched blast furnace slag as the slag; the specification of the slag is as follows: the particle size D90 is 30-40 mu m or the specific surface area is 400-600 m 2 /kg。
Further, in the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material, the gypsum is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, fluorgypsum, lemon gypsum and waste ceramic mold gypsum; the gypsum is characterized by comprising the following specifications: d90 is 30-50 μm or a ratio tableArea of 400-600 m 2 /kg。
Further, the desulfurized ash is a byproduct of flue gas desulfurization in the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material; the specification of the desulfurization ash is as follows: the particle size D90 is 20-40 mu m or the specific surface area is 500-800 m 2 /kg。
Further, the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material has the specific surface area of 450-650 m 2 (iv) kg; the particle size meets the following conditions: the granularity is more than 0 and less than or equal to 80 mu m;0.045mm screen residue 0-3.0%.
Further, the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material is prepared by taking a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent or a polycarboxylic acid-based high-efficiency water reducing agent as the water reducing agent.
The second technical scheme of the invention is that the preparation method of the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing the steel slag, the gypsum and the desulfurized fly ash according to the weight part ratio to obtain a cementing material;
2) Mixing the cementing material and the aggregate according to the weight part ratio, then mixing the mixture with water and a water reducing agent, performing vibration pressing molding, and curing in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ to obtain the baking-free brick.
Further, in the preparation method of the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material, the pressure for vibration pressing molding is 10-100 kN, the vibration frequency is 2800-4800 times/min, and the molding period is 50-65 s.
The forming principle of the baking-free brick is as follows: the tailings contain aluminosilicate minerals, a large number of silicon-oxygen and aluminum-oxygen broken bonds exist on the surfaces of the aluminosilicate minerals, the aluminosilicate minerals depend on a double salt effect and a silicon four-coordination isomorphism effect in a cementing material system with a low calcium-silicon ratio and a low water-gel ratio, the activity of the aluminosilicate minerals is excited, and the silicon-oxygen and aluminum-oxygen broken bonds on the surfaces are re-bonded to form re-linking of silicon (aluminum) oxygen tetrahedrons.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The raw materials of the baking-free brick all adopt industrial solid wastes, and the strength performance is still good under the condition of no cement addition, so that the strength requirement of the bricks with MU 15-MU 50 grades can be met;
(2) The invention does not use cement at all, and avoids the problem of high carbon dioxide emission caused by the baking-free brick produced by cement cementing of the traditional superfine tailings;
(3) Heavy metal ions contained in the ultrafine tailings, even pollutants such as arsenic, mercury and the like can be solidified by the slag-steel slag-gypsum-desulfurized fly ash-based cementing material;
(4) The invention can effectively reduce the production cost, the baking-free brick is maintained in the solar greenhouse at 30 ℃, the baking is not needed, the autoclaved steam curing is not needed, the production cost is reduced by more than 80 percent compared with the traditional baking-free brick taking cement as the main part, and the production cost is reduced by more than 50 percent compared with the baking-free brick taking a cement-water quenching blast furnace slag system as the main part;
(5) The mixing amount of the ultrafine tailings in the baking-free brick can reach 81 percent at most, the utilization rate of the ultrafine tailings is improved on a large scale, and a new way is provided for the comprehensive utilization of the ultrafine tailings.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the present invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims which follow.
The steel slag, gypsum and desulfurized fly ash used in the following examples are commercially available. The iron tailings are selected from a certain selection plant, the chemical component analysis of the iron tailings is shown in table 1, the particle size screening result is shown in table 2, and the fineness modulus is 0.4.
TABLE 1 iron tailings chemical composition
TABLE 2 iron tailings fineness screening table of Dalonshan separation plant
Example 1
A preparation method of a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as raw materials comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of the gelled Material
1) Drying, crushing, deironing and grinding the steel slag until the granularity D90 of the steel slag is 35 mu m or the specific surface area is 450m 2 Per kg; iron is removed, and the iron content is 3.0 percent after iron removal;
2) Drying and grinding gypsum until the granularity D90 of the gypsum is 35 mu m or the specific surface area is 450m 2 /kg；
3) Drying and grinding the desulfurized fly ash until the granularity D90 of the desulfurized fly ash is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
4) The materials mentioned above were mixed in the following proportions: 60 parts of steel slag, 15 parts of gypsum and 25 parts of desulfurized ash, and the three are mixed and ground until the specific surface area is 500m 2 Obtaining a cementing material by kg;
2. preparation of baking-free brick
Weighing the raw materials according to the dry basis weight in the table 3, wherein the water reducing agent 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt is calculated by the dry basis weight, and the cementing material and the aggregate are uniformly mixed according to the proportion and then are mixed with water and the water reducing agent. And (3) carrying out vibration pressing forming on the mixed materials in a brick press conveyed by a quantitative feeder, wherein in the vibration pressing forming process, the delayed opening time of a vibration device of a main vibration table is 1s, the pressure of the main vibration table is increased by 2s by a pressure head, the time of the pressure head is delayed by 2s after sinking, the vibration frequency is 3800 times/minute, the pressure is 20kN, the forming period is 50s, and the mixed materials are maintained in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the mixed materials reach the specified age, so that the baking-free brick is prepared. The properties of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 3 baking-free brick mixing ratio data table (unit: kg)
| Cementitious material | Tailings | Water (W) | Water reducing agent |
| 422.4 | 1689.6 | 248 | 1.3 |
TABLE 4 compression strength of baking-free brick of example 1 at different ages
Example 2
A preparation method of a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as raw materials comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of the gelled Material
1) Drying, crushing, deironing and grinding the steel slag until the granularity D90 of the steel slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 Per kg; iron is removed, and the iron content is 0.5 percent after iron removal;
2) Drying and grinding the slag until the granularity D90 of the slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
3) Drying and grinding the gypsum until the granularity D90 of the gypsum is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
4) The materials mentioned above were mixed in the following proportions: 35 parts of steel slag, 50 parts of slag and 15 parts of gypsum, and the three are mixed and ground until the specific surface area is 480m 2 Obtaining a cementing material by kg;
2. preparation of baking-free brick
Weighing the raw materials according to the dry basis weight in the table 5, wherein the sodium salt of the water reducing agent 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate is calculated according to the dry basis weight, and the cementing material and the aggregate are uniformly mixed according to the proportion and then are mixed with water and the water reducing agent. And (2) carrying out vibration pressing forming on the mixed materials in a brick press conveyed by a quantitative feeder, wherein in the vibration pressing forming process, the delayed opening time of a vibrator of a main vibration table is 1s, the pressure of the main vibration table is 2s under the action of a pressure head, the time delay is 2s after the pressure head sinks, the vibration frequency is 3800 times/minute, the pressure is 40kN, the forming period is 50s, and the baking-free bricks are formed by curing in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 30 ℃ to the specified age. The properties of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 5 baking-free brick mixing ratio data table (unit: kg)
| Cementitious material | Tailings | Water (W) | Water reducing agent |
| 500 | 1502 | 120 | 2.7 |
TABLE 6 compression strength of baking-free brick of example 2 at different ages
Example 3
A preparation method of a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as a raw material comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of the gelled Material
1) Drying, crushing, deironing and grinding the steel slag until the granularity D90 of the steel slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 Per kg; iron is removed, and the iron content is 2 percent after iron removal;
2) Drying and grinding the slag until the granularity D90 of the slag is 40 mu m or the specific surface area is 600m 2 /kg；
3) Drying and grinding the gypsum until the granularity D90 of the gypsum is 35 mu m or the specific surface area is 450m 2 /kg；
4) Drying and grinding the desulfurized fly ash until the granularity D90 of the desulfurized fly ash is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
5) The materials mentioned above were mixed in the following proportions: 21 parts of steel slag, 54 parts of slag, 13 parts of gypsum and 12 parts of desulfurized ash, and the three are mixed and ground until the specific surface area is 550m 2 Obtaining a cementing material by kg;
2. preparation of baking-free brick
Weighing the raw materials according to the dry basis weight in the table 7, wherein the water reducing agent DH-4005 type polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent is calculated by the dry basis weight, the cementing material and the aggregate are uniformly mixed according to the proportion, and then the cementing material is mixed with water and the water reducing agent. And (3) carrying out vibration pressing forming on the mixed materials in a brick press conveyed by a quantitative feeder, wherein in the vibration pressing forming process, the delayed opening time of a vibration device of a main vibration table is 1s, the pressure of the main vibration table is increased by 2s by a pressure head, the time of the pressure head is delayed by 2s after sinking, the vibration frequency is 3800 times/minute, the pressure is 60kN, the forming period is 50s, and the mixed materials are maintained in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the mixed materials reach the specified age, so that the baking-free brick is prepared. The properties of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 7 baking-free brick mixing ratio data table (unit: kg)
| Cementitious material | Tailings of mine | Water (W) | Water reducing agent |
| 675 | 1502 | 108 | 3.4 |
TABLE 8, EXAMPLE 3 compressive strengths of baking-free bricks of different ages
Example 4
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, except that,
1. the cementing material is as follows: 20 parts of steel slag, 60 parts of granulated blast furnace slag, 10 parts of gypsum and 10 parts of desulfurized ash.
2. The baking-free brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 11.9% of cementing material, 81% of tailings, 7% of water and 0.1% of water reducing agent.
Example 5
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, except that,
1. the cementing material is as follows: 40 parts of steel slag, 30 parts of gypsum and 30 parts of desulfurized ash.
2. The baking-free brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 9% of cementing material, 75.8% of tailings, 15% of water and 0.2% of water reducing agent.
Example 6
The preparation method is the same as the example 1, and the difference is that the mixture ratio of the baking-free bricks is as follows: 50% of cementing material, 40% of tailings, 9.9% of water and 0.1% of water reducing agent.
Example 7
The preparation method is the same as the example 1, and the difference is that the mixture ratio of the baking-free brick is as follows: 45% of cementing material, 52.9% of tailings, 2% of water and 0.1% of water reducing agent.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as raw materials comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of the cementitious Material
1) Drying, crushing, deironing and grinding the steel slag until the granularity D90 of the steel slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 Per kg; iron is removed, and the iron content is 3 percent after iron removal;
2) Drying and grinding the slag until the granularity D90 of the slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
3) Drying and grinding the desulfurized fly ash until the granularity D90 of the desulfurized fly ash is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
4) The materials mentioned above were mixed in the following proportions: 40 parts of steel slag, 30 parts of slag and 30 parts of desulfurized ash to obtain a cementing material;
2. preparation of baking-free brick
Weighing the raw materials according to the dry basis weight in the table 9, wherein the sodium salt of the water reducing agent 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate is calculated according to the dry basis weight, and the cementing material and the aggregate are uniformly mixed according to the proportion and then are mixed with water and the water reducing agent. And (3) carrying out vibration pressing forming on the mixed materials in a brick press conveyed by a quantitative feeder, wherein in the vibration pressing forming process, the delayed opening time of a vibration device of a main vibration table is 1s, the pressure of the main vibration table is increased by 2s by a pressure head, the time of the pressure head is delayed by 2s after sinking, the vibration frequency is 3800 times/minute, the pressure is 10kN, the forming period is 50s, and the mixed materials are maintained in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the mixed materials reach the specified age, so that the baking-free brick is prepared. The properties of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 10.
TABLE 9 data of the mix ratio of baking-free bricks (amount of concrete material used per cubic unit: kg/m) 3 )
| Cementitious material | Tailings | Water (W) | Water reducing agent |
| 200 | 2100 | 100 | 0.9 |
TABLE 10 and COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 baking-free bricks with compression strength at different ages
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as raw materials comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of the cementitious Material
1) Drying, crushing, deironing and grinding the steel slag until the granularity D90 of the steel slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 Per kg; iron is removed, and the iron content is 0.5 percent after iron removal;
2) Drying and grinding the slag until the granularity D90 of the slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
3) Drying and grinding gypsum until the granularity D90 of the gypsum is 35 mu m or the specific surface area is 450m 2 /kg；
4) Drying and grinding the desulfurized fly ash until the granularity D90 of the desulfurized fly ash is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
5) The materials mentioned above were mixed in the following proportions: 70 parts of steel slag, 10 parts of slag, 5 parts of gypsum and 15 parts of desulfurized ash to obtain a cementing material;
2. preparation of baking-free brick
Weighing the raw materials according to the dry basis weight in the table 11, wherein the sodium salt of the water reducing agent 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate is calculated by the dry basis weight, and the cementing material and the aggregate are uniformly mixed according to the proportion and then are mixed with water and the water reducing agent. And (3) carrying out vibration pressing forming on the mixed materials in a brick press conveyed by a quantitative feeder, wherein in the vibration pressing forming process, the delayed opening time of a vibration device of a main vibration table is 1s, the pressure of the main vibration table is increased by 2s by a pressure head, the time of the pressure head is delayed by 2s after sinking, the vibration frequency is 3800 times/minute, the pressure is 20kN, the forming period is 50s, and the mixed materials are maintained in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 30 ℃ until the mixed materials reach the specified age, so that the baking-free brick is prepared. The properties of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 12.
TABLE 11 data of the mix ratio of baking-free bricks (amount of concrete material used per cubic unit: kg/m) 3 )
| Cementitious material | Tailings | Water (W) | Water reducing agent |
| 400 | 1900 | 100 | 0.9 |
Table 12 and comparative example 2 non-fired brick compression strength in different ages
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a baking-free brick taking iron tailings as a raw material comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of the gelled Material
1) Drying, crushing, deironing and grinding the steel slag until the granularity D90 of the steel slag is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 Per kg; iron is removed, and the iron content is 3 percent after iron removal;
2) Drying and grinding gypsum until the granularity D90 of the gypsum is 35 mu m or the specific surface area is 450m 2 /kg；
3) Drying and grinding the desulfurized fly ash until the granularity D90 of the desulfurized fly ash is 30 mu m or the specific surface area is 500m 2 /kg；
4) The materials mentioned above were mixed in the following proportions: 80 parts of steel slag, 5 parts of gypsum and 30 parts of desulfurized ash to obtain a cementing material;
2. preparation of baking-free brick
Weighing the raw materials according to the dry basis weight in Table 13, wherein the water reducing agent DH-4005 type polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent is calculated by the dry basis weight, the cementing material and the aggregate are uniformly mixed according to the proportion, and then the mixture is mixed with water and the water reducing agent. And (2) carrying out vibration pressing forming on the mixed materials in a brick press conveyed by a quantitative feeder, wherein in the vibration pressing forming process, the delayed opening time of a vibration device of a main vibration table is 1s, the pressure of the main vibration table is 2s under the action of a pressure head, the time delay is 2s after the pressure head sinks, the vibration frequency is 3800 times/minute, the pressure is 30kN, the forming period is 50s, and the mixed materials are cured in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 30 ℃ to the specified age to obtain the baking-free brick. The properties of the baking-free bricks are shown in Table 14.
TABLE 13 baking-free brick mixing ratio data table (unit: kg)
| Cementitious material | Tailings | Water (W) | Water reducing agent |
| 500 | 1750 | 150 | 1.1 |
Table 14 and comparative example 3 non-fired brick compressive strength of different ages
The following table shows the comparison of the properties of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3.
TABLE 15, examination parameter comparison TABLE
As can be seen from the table, the baking-free brick prepared by the invention has excellent compressive strength and can meet the strength requirements of different strength grades.
Meanwhile, because the steel slag, the gypsum (especially the industrial by-product gypsum such as the desulfurized gypsum), the desulfurized ash, the superfine tailings and the like adopted by the invention are all industrial solid wastes, and the wastes are used for preparing the gelled material and are applied to the baking-free brick, the problems of pollution and carbon emission caused by the mass use of cement in the concrete are solved, and a new idea is provided for the preparation of the baking-free brick material.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw material components in percentage by dry basis weight:
the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20 to 60 percent of steel slag, 0 to 60 percent of granulated blast furnace slag, 10 to 30 percent of gypsum and 0 to 30 percent of desulfurized ash.
2. The baking-free brick using the iron tailings as the raw material as the claim 1, wherein the aggregate is the iron tailings with the fineness modulus of less than 0.7.
3. The baking-free brick made of iron tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel slag has the following specifications: the particle size D90 is 30-40 mu m or the specific surface area is 400-600 m 2 (iv) kg; the steel slag is iron-removed steel slag, and the iron content is 0.5-10%.
4. The baking-free brick made of iron tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slag is water-quenched blast furnace slag; the specification of the slag is as follows: the particle size D90 is 30-40 mu m or the specific surface area is 400-600 m 2 /kg。
5. The baking-free brick made of iron tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gypsum is desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, fluorgypsum, lemon gypsum and waste potteryOne or more of plaster of paris; the gypsum is characterized by comprising the following specifications: d90 is 30-50 μm or specific surface area 400-600 m 2 /kg。
6. The baking-free brick made of iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the desulfurized ash is a byproduct of flue gas desulfurization; the specification of the desulfurization ash is as follows: the particle size D90 is 20-40 mu m or the specific surface area is 500-800 m 2 /kg。
7. The baking-free brick prepared from iron tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the cementing material is 450-650 m 2 (iv) kg; the particle size meets the following conditions: the granularity is more than 0 and less than or equal to 80 mu m;0.045mm screen residue is 0-3.0%.
8. The baking-free brick using iron tailings as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent or a polycarboxylic acid-based high-efficiency water reducing agent.
9. The preparation method of the baking-free brick taking the iron tailings as the raw material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Mixing the steel slag, the gypsum and the desulfurized fly ash according to the weight part ratio to obtain a cementing material;
2) Mixing the cementing material and the aggregate according to the weight part ratio, then mixing the mixture with water and a water reducing agent, performing vibration pressing molding, and curing in a solar greenhouse at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ to obtain the baking-free brick.
10. The method for preparing the baking-free brick from the iron tailings as the raw material according to claim 9, wherein the pressure for the vibration pressing molding is 10-100 kN, the vibration frequency is 2800-4800 times/min, and the molding period is 50-65 s.
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| CN116496060A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-07-28 | 桂林理工大学 | Low-cost preparation method of alpha semi-hydrated gypsum low-carbon product and product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101767972A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Mine tailing sand brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN114014627A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-02-08 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Full-solid waste high-strength raised floor and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101767972A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Mine tailing sand brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN114014627A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-02-08 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Full-solid waste high-strength raised floor and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116496060A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-07-28 | 桂林理工大学 | Low-cost preparation method of alpha semi-hydrated gypsum low-carbon product and product |
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