CN108435772A - Method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal - Google Patents
Method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108435772A CN108435772A CN201810161197.5A CN201810161197A CN108435772A CN 108435772 A CN108435772 A CN 108435772A CN 201810161197 A CN201810161197 A CN 201810161197A CN 108435772 A CN108435772 A CN 108435772A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, belong to remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil field, and this method includes that S3, the soil of aspergillus niger bacterium solution and heavy metal pollution is mixed well and stood；S4, the compound leacheate prepared using organic acid and neutral salt elute the soil after standing；And S6, the soil with distilled water cleaning elution after the elution of compound leacheate, leacheate is detached with soil, the soil after being repaired.The present invention is combined aspergillus niger bacterium solution with compound leacheate, is repaired successively to the soil of heavy metal zinc, lead, cadmium pollution, and technological process is simple to operation, processing time is short, effect are good, advantage of lower cost；Improve removal effect of the compound leacheate to heavy metal element；Reduce eluent amount of application simultaneously；Organic acid is easy degradation in the present invention, and catabolite non-secondary pollution is environmentally friendly, and the residue of neutral salt can generate actively impact to soil quality, will not destroy soil physics structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil fields, and in particular to one kind is for repairing heavy metal pollution soil
The method of earth.
Background technology
Soil is the important substance basis that the mankind depend on for existence and development.Development with China's industrial or agricultural and city in recent years
The acceleration of city's process, heavy metal pollution of soil problem that is adjoint and arriving grow in intensity.According to national Soil Pollution Investigation
Bulletin shows, total exceeding standard rate of national soil is 16.1%, and pollution type is based on inorganic type heavy metal, lead, zinc and cadmium
Point exceeding standard rate accounts for 1.5%, 7.0% and the 0.9% of inorganic pollution point exceeding standard rate respectively.Some scholars think Pb, Cd dirt
Dye is Chinese soil most typically and important pollution sources, and potential hazard degree is larger, in recent years about various regions soil and crops
The exceeded phenomenon of Pb, Cd attracts wide attention.Although Zn is one of trace element necessary to plant growth, in growing process
In play an important role, but in soil Zn excessively certain murder by poisoning can be also caused to plant.
Currently, the restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil includes mainly peripheral doses, chemical remediation and the side such as biological prosthetic
Method.Compared with other restorative procedures, chemical repair method has many advantages, such as stable treatment effect, thorough.Soil leaching is as thorough
Bottom goes removing heavy metals maximally efficient and practical chemical remediation means, can not only be applied individually to any the small high pollution soil of area
It administers, is alternatively arranged as the pre-processing technology of other contaminated soil remediation methods, be a kind of effective and practicable reparation skill
Art.Currently used eluent mainly has chelating agent, inorganic salts, organic acid, inorganic acid and surfactant etc..Different extractants
Different to the extraction effect of same soil, traditional elution renovation agent usage amount is often very big, causes rehabilitation cost higher, very
More researchs carry out the compound use of different eluents, to reach for the contamination characteristics of the property and soil of eluent itself
Better repairing effect.Chinese patent CN103357655A discloses a kind of composite chemical for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal
ELUTION METHOD, this method configure to obtain compound leacheate using iron chloride and organic acid, have one to Cd and Pb contaminated soils
Fixed repairing effect does not still refer to the repairing effect for Zn contaminated soils, and use chemical method remediating heavy metal
Contaminated soil has certain limitation, frequently can lead to soil texture destruction, bioactivity decline and soil fertility degeneration
Deng.
Biological prosthetic is an emerging efficient ecological recovery technique, and microorganism can be by adsorbing and being enriched with, aoxidize also
The effects that former, dissolving and precipitation, the soil of heavy metal pollution is repaired.《China Environmental Science》8th phase in 2008, author
Ren Wanxia etc., " Aspergillus Niger acid leaching removes the heavy metal in soil " delivered, shows that the organic acid that it is generated can be effective
Leaching removes the elements such as Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn in smeltery's soil.However, in previous research, only directly pass through microorganism leaching
Heavy-metal contaminated soil is repaired, elution effect is general and rehabilitation cost is higher；And itself and elution are repaired into the skill combined
Art research is carried out not extensive.
Invention content
To solve the disadvantage that the prior art and deficiency, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind being used for repairing heavy metal pollution
The method of soil, this method combines microorganism leaching and compound leacheate (chemical leaching), to heavy metal lead, zinc and cadmium
Contaminated soil is repaired, and elution removal effect of the compound leacheate to elements such as heavy metal in soil lead, zinc and cadmiums is improved；Subtract
The amount of application for having lacked eluent avoids waste；And it is environmentally friendly, soil physics structure will not be destroyed.
Above-mentioned purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A method of being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, which is characterized in that including：S3, by aspergillus niger bacterium solution with again
Metallic pollution soil is mixed well and is stood；S4, the compound leacheate prepared using organic acid and neutral salt are to the soil after standing
Earth is eluted；And S6, the soil with distilled water cleaning elution after the elution of compound leacheate, by leacheate and soil point
From obtaining the soil after repairing and treating.
In the present invention, before step S3, further include：
S1, the heavy-metal contaminated soil of acquisition is air-dried, the impurity such as removal stone grain grind, cross 2mm sieves, simply located
Soil after reason；And S2, inclined-plane PDA (potato dextrose agar) culture medium with aseptic water washing culture black-koji mould, from
The heart collects its conidium, and in sterile conical flasks, constant-temperature shaking culture obtains aspergillus niger bacterium solution to juxtaposition；
In step s3, by the aspergillus niger bacterium solution with 0.5~3:1 liquid-solid ratio is added in soil obtained by step S1,
It mixes well, and stands；
In step s 4, compound leacheate is prepared using organic acid and neutral salt, with 1.5~4:1 liquid-solid ratio, with step
Soil mixing obtained by S3, vibrates elution in constant temperature oscillator；
Between step S4 and S6, further includes step S5, centrifuges mixture obtained by step S4, upper layer of then inclining is compound
Leacheate；
In step s 6, it into soil obtained by step S5, is added and compound leacheate same volume described in step S4
Distilled water, constant temperature oscillation elution, centrifugation, incline supernatant；It repeats to be eluted 1~2 time with distilled water oscillation, by leacheate and soil
Separation, obtains the soil after repairing and treating.
The present invention, the contaminated soil are heavy metal lead, zinc and cadmium pollution soil.
In step s 2, the black-koji mould is a kind of Aspergillus Niger acid fungi.Preferably, when constant-temperature shaking culture, with
Rotating speed constant-temperature shaking culture 10h~14h of 125rpm~155rpm, obtains aspergillus niger bacterium solution；It is highly preferred that with 130~
The rotating speed constant-temperature shaking culture of 145rpm.Preferably, the constant-temperature shaking culture temperature of the aspergillus niger bacterium solution is 28 DEG C~35 DEG C.
In step s3, the condition of stationary culture is：28 DEG C~35 DEG C of temperature, the time for 24 hours~72h.Preferably, described black
Aspergillus bacterium solution is with 1.5~2.5:1 liquid-solid ratio is sufficiently mixed with soil obtained by step S1.
In step s 4, the organic acid is at least one of tartaric acid, EDTA, citric acid or oxalic acid；The neutrality
Salt is NaCl, CaCl2Or FeCl3At least one of.
Preferably, the compound leacheate is by 10mmol/L~50mmol/L organic acids and 20mmol/L~80mmol/L
Property salt prepare；Further, the compound leacheate by 10mmol/L~50mmol/L 55%~75% capacity part of organic acid
It is prepared with 25%~45% capacity part of neutral salt of 20mmol/L~80mmol/L；It is highly preferred that the compound leacheate by
55%~75% capacity part of 20mmol/L~40mmol/L organic acids and 40mmol/L~70mmol/L neutral salt 25%~45%
Capacity part is prepared.
Preferably, the compound leacheate is with 1.5~2.5:1 liquid-solid ratio is mixed with soil obtained by step S3.
Preferably, the condition of constant temperature oscillation elution is：Oscillation 25 DEG C~28 DEG C of temperature of elution, oscillation elution rate are
180rpm~220rpm, oscillation elution time are 10h~20h.
In step s 5, the condition of centrifugation is：Centrifugation rate 3000rpm~4500rpm, centrifugation time 2min~6min.
In step s 6, constant temperature oscillation elution temperature, time and oscillation rate it is identical as step S4, centrifugal method and from
Heart condition is identical as step S5.
Further include step S7 in the present invention, on described in the compound leacheate in upper layer described in step S5 and step S6
The wastewater treatment of clear liquid, the further utilization of soil after reparation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects：
Method of the present invention for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal is combined aspergillus niger bacterium solution with compound leacheate, to a huge sum of money
Belong to zinc, lead, cadmium pollution soil repaired, technological process is simple to operation, and processing time is short, effect are good, and cost is relatively
It is low；Using aspergillus niger to the activation of the elements such as ZINC IN SOIL, lead, cadmium, compound leacheate is improved to heavy metal element
Elute removal effect, wherein the reparation removal rate of heavy metal element lead is up to 81.7%, and the reparation removal rate of zinc is up to
87.8%, the reparation removal rate of cadmium is up to 76.9%, and soil zinc in contaminated field, lead, cadmium content reach exhibition land used soil after reparation
The B grades of requirements of earth environmental quality assessment standard；Reduce the amount of application of eluent simultaneously；And product is without secondary dirt in repair process
Dye, it is environmentally friendly, soil physics structure will not be destroyed.
Its capacity ratio is rationally arranged by compounding organic acid and neutral salt component in the present invention, and what is obtained is compound
Leacheate is good to the removal effect of heavy-metal contaminated soil, and can simplify elution technique, shortens repairing efficiency, is more preferably applied to
In actual repair work；The present invention utilizes the organic acid that aspergillus niger generates, and realizes to the activation and extraction of heavy metal element, improves
Compound leacheate reduces the amount of application of compound leacheate raw material to the elution removal effect of heavy metal element；The present invention
The middle organic acid used is easy degradation, and catabolite non-secondary pollution, and environmentally friendly, the residue of neutral salt is to soil matter
Amount can generate actively impact, will not destroy soil physics structure.
Specific implementation mode
To more fully understand technical scheme of the present invention, typical case of the invention but non-limiting embodiment is as follows：
Embodiment 1
Acquire the soil from Jiangsu heavy-metal composite pollution place, lead content 1150mg/kg.
The soil of acquisition is subjected to room-dry, the impurity such as removal stone grain grind, cross 2mm sieves, obtain dirt after simply and easy treat
Contaminate soil.With the inclined-plane PDA culture medium of aseptic water washing culture black-koji mould, its conidium is collected by centrifugation, is placed in sterile
In conical flask, with the rotating speed of 130rpm, 32 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking culture 10h obtain aspergillus niger bacterium solution.
The heavy-metal contaminated soil 30g after screening is weighed, by the aspergillus niger bacterium solution being prepared with 1.5:1 liquid-solid ratio,
It is added in the soil of heavy metal pollution, mixes well to obtain mixture, mixture is placed on the constant temperature incubation that condition is 32 DEG C
In case, 72h is stood.
20mmol/LEDTA is configured to compound elution with 75% capacity part and 40mmol/LNaCl with 25% capacity part
Liquid；Then by compound leacheate with 1.5:1 liquid-solid ratio is added in the mixture after above-mentioned standing, constant temperature oscillation elution
10h.Then it is centrifuged, centrifugation rate 4000rpm, time 3min, then incline the compound leacheate in upper layer.
Into treated soil, the distilled water for being equivalent to compound leacheate volume is added, carries out oscillation elution, when
Between, rate elute time and oscillation rate with the oscillation of compound leacheate, be then centrifuged for, incline supernatant；Repetition distilled water
Oscillation elution 1~2 time, to get soil after reparation after separation of solid and liquid.
After being repaired using above method, lead content is down to 210mg/kg by 1150mg/kg in heavy-metal contaminated soil, repairs
Removal rate is up to 81.7%, and contaminated soil lead content reaches exhibition land used evaluation criteria of soil environment quality (provisional) after reparation
B grades require (600mg/kg).
Embodiment 2
Acquire the soil from Jiangsu heavy-metal composite pollution place, Zn content 3285mg/kg.
The soil of acquisition is subjected to room-dry, the impurity such as removal stone grain grind, cross 2mm sieves, obtain dirt after simply and easy treat
Contaminate soil.With the inclined-plane PDA culture medium of aseptic water washing culture black-koji mould, its conidium is collected by centrifugation, is placed in sterile
In conical flask, with the rotating speed of 135rpm, 30 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking culture 12h obtain aspergillus niger bacterium solution.
The heavy-metal contaminated soil 30g after screening is weighed, by the aspergillus niger bacterium solution being prepared with 2:1 liquid-solid ratio, adds
Enter into the soil of heavy metal pollution, mix well to obtain mixture, mixture is placed on the constant incubator that condition is 30 DEG C
In, stand 48h.
By 30mmol/l citric acids with 65% capacity part and 55mmol/lFeCl335% capacity part, is configured to compound elution
Liquid；Then by compound leacheate with 2:1 liquid-solid ratio, is added in said mixture, and constant temperature oscillation elutes 15h.It is then centrifuged for,
Centrifugation rate 3500rpm, time 4min, then incline the compound leacheate in upper layer.
Into treated soil, be added and be equivalent to the distilled water of compound leacheate volume, oscillation elution, the time and
Oscillation rate elutes the time with the oscillation of compound leacheate and oscillation rate is identical, is then centrifuged for, incline supernatant；Repetition is steamed
Distilled water oscillation elution 1~2 time, to get soil after reparation after separation of solid and liquid.
After being repaired using above method, Zn content is down to 398mg/kg by 3285mg/kg in heavy-metal contaminated soil, repairs
Removal rate is up to 87.8%, and contaminated soil lead content reaches exhibition land used evaluation criteria of soil environment quality (provisional) after reparation
B grades require (1500mg/kg).
Embodiment 3
Acquire the soil from Jiangsu heavy-metal composite pollution place, cadmium content 80mg/kg.
The soil of acquisition is subjected to room-dry, the impurity such as removal stone grain grind, cross 2mm sieves, obtain dirt after simply and easy treat
Contaminate soil.With the inclined-plane PDA culture medium of aseptic water washing culture black-koji mould, its conidium is collected by centrifugation, is placed in sterile
In conical flask, with the rotating speed of 145rpm, 28 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking culture 14h obtain aspergillus niger bacterium solution.
The heavy-metal contaminated soil 30g after screening is weighed, by the aspergillus niger bacterium solution being prepared with 2.5:1 liquid-solid ratio,
It is added in the soil of heavy metal pollution, mixes well to obtain mixture, mixture is placed on the constant temperature incubation that condition is 28 DEG C
In case, stand for 24 hours.
By 40mmol/l oxalic acid with 55% capacity part and 70mmol/lFeCl345% capacity part, is configured to compound leacheate；
Then by compound leacheate with 2.5:1 liquid-solid ratio, is added in said mixture, and constant temperature oscillation elutes 20h；It centrifuges again, from
The heart rate 3000rpm, time 5min, then incline the compound leacheate in upper layer.
Into treated soil, the distilled water for being equivalent to compound leacheate volume, oscillation elution, oscillation leaching is added
The time and oscillation rate washed are identical as the time of compound leacheate oscillation elution and concussion rate, are then centrifuged for, incline supernatant
Liquid；It repeats to be eluted 1~2 time with distilled water oscillation, to get soil after reparation after separation of solid and liquid.
After being repaired using above method, cadmium content is down to 18.5mg/kg by 80mg/kg in heavy-metal contaminated soil, repairs
Removal rate is up to 76.9%, and contaminated soil lead content reaches exhibition land used evaluation criteria of soil environment quality (provisional) after reparation
B grades require (22mg/kg).
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, which is characterized in that including：
S3, aspergillus niger bacterium solution and heavy-metal contaminated soil are mixed well and is stood；
S4, the compound leacheate prepared using organic acid and neutral salt elute the soil after standing；And
S6, soil of the elution after the elution of compound leacheate is cleaned with distilled water, leacheate is detached with soil.
2. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that before step S3,
Further include：S1, the contaminated soil of acquisition is air-dried, decontamination is ground, and sieving obtains soil after simply and easy treat；And S2, use
The culture medium of aseptic water washing culture black-koji mould, is collected by centrifugation its conidium, juxtaposition in sterile conical flasks, constant temperature oscillation
Culture, obtains aspergillus niger bacterium solution；
In step s3, aspergillus niger bacterium solution described in step S2 is added in soil obtained by step S1, is mixed well, and stand；
In step s 4, compound leacheate, the compound leacheate and soil obtained by step S3 are prepared using organic acid and neutral salt
Earth mixes, and elution is vibrated in constant temperature oscillator；
Between step S4 and S6, further includes step S5, centrifuges mixture obtained by step S4, the compound elution in upper layer of then inclining
Liquid；
In step s 6, into soil obtained by step S5, the distillation with compound leacheate same volume described in step S4 is added
Water, constant temperature oscillation elution, centrifugation, incline supernatant, repeats to be eluted 1~2 time with distilled water oscillation, by leacheate and soil point
From obtaining the soil after repairing and treating.
3. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the contaminated soil is
Heavy metal lead, zinc and cadmium pollution soil.
4. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described in step S2
Black-koji mould is a kind of Aspergillus Niger acid fungi；The rotating speed of constant-temperature shaking culture be 125rpm~155rpm, the time be 10h~
14h, temperature are 28 DEG C~35 DEG C.
5. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step s3, institute
Aspergillus niger bacterium solution is stated with 0.5~3:1 liquid-solid ratio is added in soil obtained by step S1, mixes well and stand, wherein is quiet
The temperature for setting culture is 28 DEG C~35 DEG C, and the time is for 24 hours~72h.
6. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described in step S4
Organic acid is at least one of tartaric acid, EDTA, citric acid or oxalic acid；The neutral salt is NaCl, CaCl2Or FeCl3In
It is at least one.
7. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step s 4, institute
Compound leacheate is stated with 1.5~4:1 liquid-solid ratio is mixed with soil obtained by step S3.
8. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the compound leacheate
It is prepared by 10mmol/L~50mmol/L organic acids and 20mmol/L~80mmol/L neutral salt.
9. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that in step s 4, institute
Compound leacheate is stated by 55%~75% capacity part of organic acid of 10mmol/L~50mmol/L and 20mmol/L~80mmol/L
25%~45% capacity part of neutral salt prepare.
10. the method for being used for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S4 and step
In rapid S6, the temperature of constant temperature oscillation elution is 25 DEG C~28 DEG C, and rate is 180rpm~220rpm, and the time is 10h~20h；
In step S5 and step S6, the centrifugation rate of centrifugation is 3000rpm~4500rpm, and centrifugation time is 2min~6min.
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| CN113210411A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏科易达环保科技有限公司 | Heavy metal composite contaminated site soil remediation method |
| CN113333458A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 南方环境有限公司 | Regeneration method of organic acid-microorganism combined eluting agent |
| CN115521878A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南农业大学 | Treatment method for removing cadmium in polluted biomass by using aspergillus niger |
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Application publication date: 20180824 |