CN108432759B

CN108432759B - Composition for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by fusarium

Info

Publication number: CN108432759B
Application number: CN201810260874.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周明国; 段亚冰; 王建新; 武健; 李涛; 杨莹
Original assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University
Current assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University
Priority date: 2018-03-27
Filing date: 2018-03-27
Publication date: 2021-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-27
Also published as: CN108432759A

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by fusarium, which is characterized in that the weight ratio of the cyhalothrin to the folpet or the ametoctradin is 1-50:50-1, the composition is used for preventing and treating wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon blight, and the synergistic effect is obvious.

Description

Composition for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by fusarium

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural bactericides, and particularly relates to a composition for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by fusarium, which is used for preventing and treating wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon fusarium wilt.

Background

Wheat scab is a worldwide disease, which occurs in all major wheat producing countries, mainly in Jianghuai and east coastal areas, in recent years, wheat scab is in a northwest-expanding situation, the occurrence area is enlarged year by year, and the disease prevalence is increased; the disease not only causes serious yield loss, but also produces deoxynivalenol toxin in diseased particles, thereby seriously threatening human health and food safety. The bakanae disease of rice is also called as overgrowth disease, is a seed-borne disease and occurs in each rice area in China. The diseased grains often do not sprout or can not come out of the ground after being sown. The diseased seedlings in the seedling stage are thinner and higher than healthy seedlings, leaf sheaths of leaves are slender, the leaves are light yellow, the root system is dysplastic, and part of diseased seedlings die before transplantation. The ear shoots are early when the disease is mild, and the ear shape is small but not solid. Grains can be damaged in the heading stage, and the grains are seriously browned and cannot be fructified. Therefore, the disease seriously threatens the yield of rice and brings serious challenge to the safe production of world food. The wilt disease of melons is also called wilting disease and vine cutting disease, is one of important diseases of melons, and occurs all over the country, and the diseases of cucumbers and watermelons are the most serious, and the diseases of the melons are the second most serious. The symptoms appear after the plants bloom and bear fruits, the leaves of the diseased plants gradually turn yellow, wither and like water shortage from bottom to top at the early stage of disease attack, the withering can be recovered at night, and the whole leaves wither and die after several days. Sometimes half of the disease will occur on the same disease withered, and half will not occur. The stem base of the diseased plant is slightly constricted, the stem node appears brown streak, rosin-like colloid often flows out, and the epidermis at the stem base is mostly longitudinally cracked. When the dampness enters, a white or pink mildew layer appears on the affected part. The diseased stem in the longitudinal part is observed, and the vascular bundle is brown. The seedlings are in a shape of dehydration and withering, and stem base is browned and contracted to be suddenly fallen.

At present, due to the lack of gene resources in disease-resistant breeding, chemical control is still the most effective control measure for controlling plant diseases. However, long-term use of chemical agents is likely to result in drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, which leads to increasing dosage and risk, and is not conducive to sustainable development. In order to delay or overcome the formation and development of the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, a single bactericide should be avoided to be continuously used as much as possible, and the bactericide should be alternated or mixed with other types of bactericides for use, and pesticide compounding is one of the main ways for solving the occurrence of the resistance. Through the preliminary search of the applicant, no report that the combination of the cyhalothrin and the folpet or the ametoctradin is used for preventing and treating wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon blight is found.

The inventor compounds the cyhalothrin and the folpet or the ametoctradin on the basis of indoor screening and field tests, finds that the cyhalothrin and the folpet or the ametoctradin have obvious synergistic effect on wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon wilt, and completes the invention through further research.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a composition which has good bactericidal effect, low medication cost, wide bactericidal spectrum and obvious synergistic effect on wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon wilt. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a composition for controlling plant diseases caused by fusarium is characterized in that the effective components are cyametrobin and folpet or ametoctradin, the weight ratio of the cyametrobin to the folpet or the ametoctradin is 1-50:50-1, the preferable weight ratio is 1-30:30-1, and in some preferable technical schemes: the weight ratio of the cyhalothrin and the folpet or the ametoctradin can be 1:50, 1:40, 1:30, 1:20, 1:10, 1:1, 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50: 1; the content of effective components is 1-90%, preferably 20-75%.

The composition is mainly used for preventing and treating wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon blight, and can also be used for preventing and treating fungal diseases which occur simultaneously, such as wheat powdery mildew, wheat rust disease, rice sheath blight and the like.

The composition can be prepared into preparation formulations according to methods known by a person skilled in the art, and the preparation formulations comprise water dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspending agents, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion and the like, and during preparation of the preparation formulations, known auxiliaries such as emulsifying agents, wetting dispersing agents, suspending agents, disintegrating agents, binding agents, antifreezing agents, thickening agents, stabilizing agents, defoaming agents and the like can be added into the preparation formulations as required, so that the composition can be used in the invention.

The advantages of the invention are obvious and mainly appear as follows:

1. the Cyanostrobin and the folpet or the ametoctradin have no antagonistic action, and have obvious synergistic effect on wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon blight bacteria;

2. the composition of the invention expands the bactericidal spectrum and has better bactericidal effect;

3. the composition disclosed by the invention can reduce the use amount of each single agent by compounding and synergism, is low in cost and is easy to popularize.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, wherein the percentages are by weight, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

1. Indoor activity determination:

the indoor toxicity determination method comprises the following steps: the raw pesticide of the cyantraniliprole, the sterile danshen and the ametoctradin are prepared into required liquid medicine according to the set proportioning concentration for later use. The test method refers to part 2 of indoor bioassay test criteria bactericides of NY/T1156.2-2006 pesticide: the plate method of pathogenic fungus hypha growth inhibition test.

Under aseptic condition, quantitatively adding the pre-melted culture medium into an aseptic conical flask, sequentially and quantitatively sucking the liquid medicine from low concentration to high concentration, respectively adding into the above conical flasks, and sufficiently shaking. Then pouring the mixture into more than 3 culture dishes with the diameter of 9cm in equal amount to prepare the drug-containing plates with corresponding concentrations. Treatment without agent served as a blank. Repeat 4 times.

The cultured pathogenic bacteria are used for punching bacterial dishes from the edges of bacterial colonies by a puncher with the diameter of 5mm under the aseptic condition, the bacterial dishes are inoculated to the center of a drug-containing flat plate by an inoculation needle, the bacterial dishes are cultured for 4 days at the temperature of 25 ℃, the diameter of the bacterial colonies is measured by a cross method, and the effective medium dose (EC) for inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic bacteria by 50 percent by different treatments is calculated according to the following formula₅₀Values) and comparing the bacteriostatic activity.

The bactericidal composition containing the phenamacril, the folpet and the ametoctradin is evaluated by adopting a co-toxicity coefficient method, the synergism on the wheat scab pathogen and the rice bakanae pathogen is determined by adopting a hypha growth inhibition method, a regression equation is solved according to the logarithm of the concentration of the pesticide and the control efficiency coefficient value, and the EC of the pesticide pair is calculated₅₀And (4) obtaining the co-toxicity coefficient. The joint action of the compound medicament on the wheat scab pathogen and the rice bakanae pathogen is evaluated by the co-toxicity coefficient>120 is expressed as synergistic effect, the co-toxicity coefficient is expressed as additive effect between 80 and 120, and the co-toxicity coefficient<80 is shown as antagonistic.

TABLE 1 results of the combined action of compositions of different proportions on Gibberella zeae

Table 2 results of the combined action of the compositions with different ratios on the bacterial bakanae disease of rice

The test results in tables 1 and 2 show that the composition of the cyhalothrin, the folpet and the ametoctradin has obvious synergistic effect on both wheat scab and rice bakanae bacteria within the proportion range of 1-50:50-1, and the drug effect is obviously better than the effect of the single-dose independent test of each.

2. Formulation examples

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, wherein the percentages are by weight, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the processing of the various dosage forms of the composition of the present invention is well known in the art and may vary depending on the circumstances.

20% suspending agent

Composition (I)	Example 1	Example 2
			Cyanostrobin	10	10
Sterilizing pill	10	—
			Ametoctradin	—	10
Alkylphenol polyoxyethyleneEther compounds	11	12
			Lignosulfonic acid calcium salt	10	9
Calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate	7	7
			Xanthan gum	1	1
Water (W)	Complement 100	Complement 100

40% wettable powder

40% water dispersible granule

Composition (I)	Example 5	Example 6
			Cyanostrobin	10	10
Sterilizing pill	30	—
			Ametoctradin	—	30
Ethoxylated castor oil	9	10
			Sorbitan fatty acid ester	6	7
Sodium dodecyl sulfate	3	2
			Propylene glycol	0.5	0.5
Diatomite	Complement 100	Complement 100

50% aqueous emulsion

Composition (I)	Example 7	Example 8
			Cyanostrobin	20	20
Sterilizing pill	30	—
			Ametoctradin	—	30
Alkylphenol ethoxylates	8	7
			Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate	5	6
Xanthan gum	1	1
			Propylene glycol	0.5	0.5
Water (W)	Complement 100	Complement 100

50% emulsifiable concentrate

3. Test of field drug effect

Test example 1

Reagent to be tested: examples 1-10 and control agents.

Control agents:

25% phenamacril suspending agent (control 1);

wettable powder of 50% folpet (control 2);

ametoctradin suspension 50% (control agent 3).

And (3) controlling crops: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Control target: scab of wheat

Gibberellic disease test methods: according to the area of the test cell (about 20 m)²) Accurately weighing each medicament, diluting with water, applying the medicament once in the early stage of flowering, applying the medicament once after 7 days, applying the medicament twice in total, and investigating disease indexes and calculating control effect after about 15 days. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 field efficacy test results for wheat scab for compositions of the present invention

The field test result shows that the compound of the cyhalothrin and the folpet or the ametoctradin has better control effect on wheat scab, compared with a control example, the activity is greatly improved, the synergistic effect is obvious, and the dosage is reduced. According to field visual inspection, the crops grow normally within the test dosage range, and no phytotoxicity and abnormal phenomena are generated on the plants, so that the wheat is safe.

Test example 2

Reagent to be tested: examples 1-10 and control agents.

Control agents:

25% phenamacril suspending agent (control 1);

wettable powder of 50% folpet (control 2);

ametoctradin suspension 50% (control agent 3).

And (3) controlling crops: a rice plant.

Control target: bakanae disease of rice

The test method comprises the following steps: adopting seed soaking treatment, carrying out seed soaking treatment on the test agents according to the dosage in the table 4,

soaking the seeds in a constant temperature box at 25 ℃ for 48 hours and accelerating germination for 72 hours, then sowing the seeds in a cement pond, raising the seedlings in a dry seedling mode, investigating the disease plant rate of each treatment at the 3-4 leaf stage after sowing, and calculating the disease prevention effect. Each treatment was performed in 3 replicates and the results are shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 field test results of the efficacy of the compositions of the present invention against rice bakanae disease

The field test result shows that the compound of the cyhalothrin and the folpet or the ametoctradin has better prevention effect on the bakanae disease of the rice, and compared with a control example, the compound has the advantages of greatly improved activity, obvious synergistic effect and reduced dosage. According to field visual inspection, the crops grow normally within the test dosage range, and no phytotoxicity and abnormal phenomena are generated on the plants, so that the rice is safe.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The application of the composition for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by fusarium is used for preventing and treating wheat scab, rice bakanae disease and melon blight and is characterized in that the effective components are the cyhalothrin and the folpet or the ametoctradin, and the weight ratio of the cyhalothrin to the folpet or the ametoctradin is 1-50: 50-1.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the active ingredients are Cyanostrobin and folpet.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the active ingredients are cyazoxystrobin and ametoctradin.

4. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the weight ratio of cyhalothrin and folpet or ametoctradin is from 1 to 30:30 to 1.

5. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the active principle is present in the composition in an amount of 1 to 90%.

6. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the active principle is present in the composition in an amount of from 20 to 75%.

7. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the active ingredient is formulated in any formulation which is agriculturally acceptable with conventional adjuvants which are agriculturally acceptable in the formulation of the pesticide.

8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the dosage form is a water dispersible granule, a wettable powder, a suspoemulsion, an aqueous emulsion, a microemulsion.