CN108418583B - Broadband fine stepping frequency agility frequency synthesis device and method based on cascade frequency mixing - Google Patents
Broadband fine stepping frequency agility frequency synthesis device and method based on cascade frequency mixing Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
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Abstract
The invention relates to a broadband fine stepping frequency agility synthesis device and a method based on cascade frequency mixing. In the level of the existing device, through proper type selection, the frequency synthesis method has the characteristics of wide band, fine stepping, frequency agility, low phase noise, low stray and miniaturization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, relates to a high-performance design of a microwave frequency source, and particularly relates to a broadband fine-stepping frequency agility frequency synthesis device and method based on cascade frequency mixing.
Background
The microwave frequency source is a key component in a microwave circuit, and particularly has harsh performance indexes in application scenes such as radar, interference countermeasure, microwave imaging and the like. The existing frequency synthesis methods are more traditional and are difficult to meet the requirements of broadband, fine stepping, frequency agility, low phase noise, low stray and miniaturization. The invention provides a frequency synthesis method based on cascade frequency mixing, which has the characteristics of broadband, fine stepping, frequency agility, low phase noise, low stray and miniaturization through proper type selection under the level of the conventional device.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In the application scenarios of radar, interference countermeasure, microwave imaging, etc., the requirements for the indexes of frequency sources are more demanding. The existing frequency synthesis method is difficult to meet the requirements of broadband, low phase noise, fine stepping, frequency agility, low stray and miniaturization. The invention provides a novel microwave frequency synthesis device and a method, and the method can simultaneously meet the high index and miniaturization requirements of a microwave frequency source based on the level of the current device.
Technical scheme
A broadband fine stepping frequency agility frequency synthesis device based on cascade frequency mixing comprises a first local vibration source, a DDS (direct digital synthesizer), a second local vibration source, an M-level frequency mixer, an M-1-level two-path power divider, an M-1-path power divider and a single-pole M throw switch, wherein M is a positive integer larger than 1; the first local vibration source generates F1、F2、...、FNDot frequency of (1), wherein F2-F1＝F3-F2＝···＝FN-FN-1＝BW0N is a positive integer; DDS generation frequency range of Fa～FbHaving a bandwidth of BW0The frequency step of the fine step intermediate frequency signal can reach 0.1 Hz; the second local oscillator generates a frequency of NxBW0The single-point frequency signal of (1); the first local vibration source is connected with an LO port of the first-stage mixer, the DDS is connected with an IF port of the first-stage mixer, and the output of the first-stage mixer is connected with the first-stage two-path power divider; the second local oscillation source divides the M-1 path of second local oscillation signals through the M-1 path of power divider, and the second local oscillation signals divided by each path of power are connected with an IF port of a mixer; after the first-stage two-path power divider is divided into two paths, one path is mixed with the M-1 path divided by the second local vibration source power and then input into the second-stage two pathsAnd the other path of the power divider is directly input into the single-pole M-throw switch, the connection relation from the second-stage power divider to the (M-1) th-stage power divider is the same as that of the first-stage power divider, and the output of the M-th-stage frequency mixer is connected to the single-pole M-throw switch.
When the first local oscillator provides a dot frequency of F1, the sum frequency of the output of the mixer is taken, and the output frequency is F1+Fa～F1+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a When the first local vibration source provides F2Taking the sum frequency of the output of the mixer when the dot frequency is equal to F2+Fa～F2+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a By analogy, when the first local vibration source provides FNTaking the sum frequency of the output of the mixer when the dot frequency is equal to FN+Fa～FN+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a The frequency range of the first stage mixing output is F1+Fa～FN+FbBandwidth of NxBW0(ii) a Let FA＝F1+Fa，FB＝FN+Fb，BWN＝N×BW0(ii) a The signal enters the two-way power divider and then enters the single-pole M-throw switch, and when the way is gated, F can be finally outputA～FBFrequency signal with bandwidth BWN；
FA～FBThe signal is output from the two-way power divider to the second-stage mixer and is mixed with the second local oscillator point frequency BWNThe signals are mixed, the difference frequency of the mixed signals is FA-BWN～FB-BWNSum frequency signal of FA+BMN～FB+BWNBoth sum and difference bandwidths being BWN(ii) a The signal enters the two-way power divider and then enters the single-pole M-throw switch, and when the way is gated, F can be finally outputA-BWN～FB-BWNAnd FA+BWN～FB+BWN(ii) a The frequency band of the output signal after the first-stage frequency mixing is FA～FBThe second path and the first path together can output FA-BWN～FB+BWN(ii) a By analogy with thatWhen the cascade mixing link reaches M stages, the frequency range which can be finally output from the single-pole M-throw switch is FA-(M-1)×BWN～FB+(M-1)×BWN(ii) a When F is presentA-(M-1)×BWNWhen the frequency is less than or equal to 0, it is necessary to stop taking the difference frequency and only take the sum frequency.
Advantageous effects
The frequency synthesis method is based on cascade mixing and can realize the advantages of broadband, fine stepping, frequency agility, low phase noise, low stray, miniaturization and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a frequency synthesis method based on cascade mixing
FIG. 2 shows a 3-8 GHz frequency source scheme based on cascade frequency mixing
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings:
the signal flow chart of the frequency synthesis method based on cascade mixing is shown in the figure I. Wherein 1 is the first local vibration source, and the signal has the characteristics of low phase noise, coarse stepping and wide band and can provide F1,F2...FN(N is a positive integer) dot frequency, where F2-F1＝F3-F2＝···＝FN-FN-1＝BW0(ii) a 3 is a DDS-based fine step intermediate frequency signal, providing a frequency range F of the signala～FbBandwidth is BW0The frequency step can reach 0.1 Hz; 2 is a second local oscillator, which is a single-point frequency signal with a frequency of NxBW0(ii) a 4 and the same graphic symbol as 4 are mixers; 5 and the same graphic symbol as 5 are two-way power dividers; the 6 is an M-1(M is a positive integer more than 1) path power divider; and 7 is a single-pole M-throw switch. The first local oscillator 1 is input to the LO port of the mixer, and the second local oscillator 2 and the intermediate frequency signal 3 are input to the IF port of the mixer. And the second local oscillation source 2 divides the M-1 paths of second local oscillation signals through the M-1 paths of power dividers. The arrow direction indicates the signal transmission direction.
When the first local vibration source provides F1At a point frequency of (1), get and mixThe frequency of the output sum frequency of the frequency converter is F1+Fa～F1+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a When the first local vibration source provides F2Taking the sum frequency of the output of the mixer when the dot frequency is equal to F2+Fa～F2+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a By analogy, when the first local vibration source provides FNTaking the sum frequency of the output of the mixer when the dot frequency is equal to FN+Fa～FN+FbBandwidth is BW0. Due to F1,F2...FNBW difference of frequency points0It is readily apparent that the frequency range of the first stage mixing output is F1+Fa～FN+FbBandwidth of NxBW0. For convenience of representation, set FA＝F1+Fa，FB＝FN+Fb，BWN＝N×BW0. The signal enters the two-way power divider and then enters the single-pole M-throw switch, and when the way is gated, F can be finally outputA～FBFrequency signal with bandwidth BWN。
FA～FBThe signal is output from the two-way power divider to the second-stage mixer (M is 2 at this time), and then is mixed with the second local oscillator point frequency BWNThe signals are mixed, the difference frequency of the mixed signals is FA-BWN～FB-BWNSum frequency signal of FA+BMN～FB+BWNIt is not difficult to find that both sum and difference bandwidths are BWN. The signal enters the two-way power divider and then enters the single-pole M-throw switch, and when the way is gated, F can be finally outputA-BWN～FB-BWNAnd FA+BWN～FB+BWN. The frequency band of the output signal after the first-stage frequency mixing is FA～FBThe second path and the first path together can output FA-BWN～FB+BWN。
By analogy, when the cascade mixing link reaches M stages, the frequency range of the output frequency from the single-pole M-throw switch is FA-(M-1)×BWN～FB+(M-1)×BWN。
It should be noted that when FA-(M-1)×BWNWhen the frequency is less than or equal to 0, it is necessary to stop taking the difference frequency and only take the sum frequency, because the frequency cannot be a negative number.
The specific frequency source scheme is shown in fig. two, where N is 5, M is 3, BW0200 MHz. 1 is a first local vibration source and is a point frequency of 4.7GHz and 4.9GHz.. 5.5 GHz; 2 is a second local vibration source and is at 1GHz point frequency; 3 is a fine step intermediate frequency signal based on DDS, the frequency band is 300 MHz-500 MHz, and the step is 0.1 Hz; 4 and the same graphic symbol as 4 are mixers; 5 and the same graphic symbol as 5 are two-way power dividers; 6 is a 2-path power divider; and 7 is a single-pole 3-throw switch. The first local oscillator 1 is input to the LO port of the mixer, and the second local oscillator 2 and the intermediate frequency signal 3 are input to the IF port of the mixer.
First-stage mixing: and after the intermediate frequency signal and the first local oscillation signal are mixed, the sum frequency of the output of the mixer is taken, and the frequency range of 5 GHz-6 GHz can be output. And (3) second-stage frequency mixing: the first stage output signal and the second local oscillator are mixed, the difference frequency signal is 4 GHz-5 GHz, the sum frequency signal is 6 GHz-7 GHz, and the first stage output signal and the second local oscillator are combined to output 4 GHz-7 GHz signals. Third stage mixing: the second-stage output signal and a second local oscillator are mixed, the difference frequency signal is 3 GHz-4 GHz, the sum frequency signal is 7 GHz-8 GHz, the difference frequency signal and the first two-stage signal are combined and then the 3 GHz-8 GHz signal can be output, and a signal flow diagram is shown in the second figure in detail.
Claims (2)
1. A broadband fine stepping frequency agility frequency synthesis device based on cascade frequency mixing is characterized by comprising a first local vibration source (1), a DDS (3), a second local vibration source (2), an M-level frequency mixer (4), an M-1-level two-path power divider (5), an M-1-path power divider (6) and a single-pole M throw switch (7), wherein M is a positive integer greater than 1; the first local vibration source (1) generates F1、F2、...、FNDot frequency of (1), wherein F2-F1＝F3-F2＝···＝FN-FN-1＝BW0N is a positive integer; DDS (3) generating frequency range of Fa～FbHaving a bandwidth of BW0The frequency step of the fine step intermediate frequency signal can reach 0.1 Hz; the second local vibration source (3) generates a frequency of NxBW0Is not only a sheetA dot frequency signal; the first local vibration source (1) is connected with an LO port of the first-stage mixer, the DDS (3) is connected with an IF port of the first-stage mixer, and the output of the first-stage mixer is connected with the first-stage two-way power divider; the second local oscillation source (2) divides the M-1 path of second local oscillation signals through the M-1 path of power divider, and the second local oscillation signals divided by each path of power are connected with an IF port of a mixer; after the first-stage two-way power divider is divided into two paths, one path is mixed with the M-1 path of the power division of the second local vibration source (2) and then input into the second-stage two-way power divider, the other path is directly input into the single-pole M-throw switch (7), the connection relation from the second-stage two-way power divider to the M-1 stage two-way power divider is the same as that of the first-stage two-way power divider, and the output of the M-stage mixer is connected to the single-pole M-throw switch (7).
2. The method for synthesizing a wideband fine step-by-step agile frequency by the synthesizing device according to claim 1, wherein: when the first local oscillator (1) provides the dot frequency of F1, the sum frequency of the output of the mixer is taken, and the output frequency is F1+Fa～F1+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a When the first local vibration source provides F2Taking the sum frequency of the output of the mixer when the dot frequency is equal to F2+Fa～F2+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a By analogy, when the first local vibration source provides FNTaking the sum frequency of the output of the mixer when the dot frequency is equal to FN+Fa～FN+FbBandwidth is BW0(ii) a The frequency range of the first stage mixing output is F1+Fa～FN+FbBandwidth of NxBW0(ii) a Let FA＝F1+Fa，FB＝FN+Fb，BWN＝N×BW0(ii) a The signal output by the first-stage mixing enters the two-way power divider and then enters the single-pole M-throw switch, and when one way of the single-pole M-throw switch is switched on, F can be finally outputA～FBFrequency signal with bandwidth BWN；
FA～FBThe signal is output from the two-way power divider to the second-stage mixer and is mixed with the second local oscillator point frequency BWNThe signals are mixed, the difference frequency of the mixed signals isFA-BWN～FB-BWNSum frequency signal of FA+BMN～FB+BWNBoth sum and difference bandwidths being BWN(ii) a The signal output by the second-stage mixing enters the two-way power divider and then enters the single-pole M-throw switch, and when one way of the single-pole M-throw switch is switched on, F can be finally outputA-BWN～FB-BWNAnd FA+BWN～FB+BWN(ii) a The frequency band of the output signal after the first-stage frequency mixing is FA～FBThe second path and the first path together can output FA-BWN～FB+BWN(ii) a By analogy, when the cascade mixing link reaches M stages, the frequency range of the output frequency from the single-pole M-throw switch is FA-(M-1)×BWN～FB+(M-1)×BWN(ii) a When F is presentA-(M-1)×BWNWhen the frequency is less than or equal to 0, it is necessary to stop taking the difference frequency and only take the sum frequency.
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