CN108414387A - A kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit and method - Google Patents
A kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108414387A CN108414387A CN201810577819.2A CN201810577819A CN108414387A CN 108414387 A CN108414387 A CN 108414387A CN 201810577819 A CN201810577819 A CN 201810577819A CN 108414387 A CN108414387 A CN 108414387A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012173 sealing wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013481 data capture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
- G01N7/14—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference
- G01N7/18—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by allowing the material to react
- G01N7/20—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by allowing the material to react the reaction being fermentation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit and method, which includes fermentation reaction device, gas treatment equipment, gas-metering device, liquid supply device and data acquisition processing device：Fermentation reaction device includes constant temperature water bath, fermentation flask, two temperature sensors and gas-guide tube；Gas treatment equipment includes drexel bottle, draining bottle, gas-guide tube and drainpipe；Gas-metering device includes collection bottle, weighing unit and weight transmitter；Liquid supply device includes peristaltic pump, liquid storage bottle, two pinch valves, aqueduct, drinking-water pipe, three relays；Data acquisition processing device includes data collecting card and PC machine；The present invention is suitable for biomass anaerobic digestion experiment, and test result is accurate and reliable, easy to operate, reproducible, automatic measurement and can record anaerobic digestion gas production amount, while device is built simply, at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass anaerobic fermentation device field more particularly to a kind of biochemical methane potentiality
(Biochemical Methane Potential, BMP) self-operated measuring unit and method.
Background technology
Conventional fossil energy can no longer meet the fast development of current world economy, and biomass energy is got over as new energy
To be more taken seriously.Anaerobic fermentation technology is one of the effective way that biomass castoff realizes recycling.Biomass is detested
Aerobe fermentation be under the assimilation of anaerobic bacteria, it is effectively that organic waste, feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, energy crop etc. is organic
Organic matter transformation in waste is converted to methane and partial CO 2 with economic value, you can as clean energy resource.
Anaerobic fermentation technology is increasingly mature, has obtained tremendous development and extensive use.During anaerobic ferment process, biochemical methane
Ability not only provides fermentation commonly used in measuring the anaerobism degradability, maximum Methane production potential and degradation rate of biomass
Dynamic (dynamical) target component may be simultaneously used for the important tool for weighing anaerobic fermentation feasibility, can be used as evaluation anaerobism
The important parameter of fermentation process quality.
The assay method of the common biochemical methane potentiality in laboratory at present, the difference that mode is measured according to gas volume can
It is divided into draining water gathering of gas law, gas pressure method, gas flow measurement method and airbag acquisition method.Traditional draining water gathering of gas law operation letter
Single, apparatus structure is simple, and maintenance cost is low, but this method needs periodically to supplement water into drain vessel, and acquisition gas volume is
The volume of draining needs artificially to read, increases operator labour；Though gas pressure method favorable reproducibility, precision is high, gas sample
Product acquisition is easy, but needs the gas in periodically release installation for fermenting, is be easy to cause measurement error, is come to experimenter
It says also time-consuming and laborious；Gas flow measurement method operates simply, but the generation of phase gas is slower after the reaction, non-high-precision
Gas flowmeter cannot be satisfied needs；Airbag acquisition method needs the gas sampling bag for selecting gas molecule transmitance extremely low to collect sample
Product carry out off-line measurement, require gaseous sample acquisition operations high.
Using the biochemical methane measurement device of laboratory scale, have the characteristics that state modulator is simple, accurate, is to carry out
The good selection of experimental study.The common anaerobic ferment devices in laboratory at present, measurement method is simple, according to the different need of measuring and calculating
It asks, experimental period is then three or five days short, long then one or two months, and needs repeated experiment, most of to need manually record aerogenesis daily
Amount, such as a gas production volume data is measured by drainage daily, labor intensive and time, measurement error are larger.
Invention content
The present invention is time-consuming and laborious in order to solve in above-mentioned technology manual operation test Biochemical Methane Potential work, and there are larger meterings
Error etc. technical problems, measuring the methane aerogenesis that drains in draining water gathering of gas law using weight method the present invention provides a kind of
Volume, realize biochemical methane potentiality automatic measurement, have it is small, it is at low cost, can continuously automatically record methane yield,
The features such as easy to operate.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs：A kind of biochemical methane potentiality automatic measurement dress
It sets, including fermentation reaction device, gas treatment equipment, gas-metering device, liquid supply device and data acquisition processing device：It is described
Fermentation reaction device includes constant temperature water bath, fermentation flask, the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor and the first gas-guide tube；
The gas treatment equipment includes drexel bottle, draining bottle, the second gas-guide tube and drainpipe；The gas-metering device includes catchmenting
Bottle, weighing unit and weight transmitter；The liquid supply device includes peristaltic pump, liquid storage bottle, normally opened pinch valve, normally closed pinch valve, leads
Water pipe, drinking-water pipe, the first relay, the second relay and third relay；The data acquisition processing device includes that data are adopted
Truck and PC machine；The constant temperature water bath is placed with the first temperature sensor；The fermentation flask is placed in constant temperature water bath, interior
Place second temperature sensor in portion；Gas washing liquid is housed, the air inlet of drexel bottle passes through the first gas-guide tube and hair in the drexel bottle
Ferment bottle is connected, and nozzle submerges gas washing liquid；The gas outlet that the draining bottle is connected to the second gas-guide tube and drexel bottle in air inlet connects,
Drainpipe is connected in gas outlet with gas bottle to be connected, be connected to aqueduct in water inlet is connected with peristaltic pump, and aqueduct extends to draining
Bottom of bottle portion；The collection bottle is positioned on the weighing unit built by weighing sensor and pallet, and the weighing sensor passes through weight
Transmitter is connect with data collecting card；The liquid storage bottle is connected by drinking-water pipe with peristaltic pump, and drinking-water pipe extends to liquid storage bottle bottom
Portion；Normally opened pinch valve is housed on first gas-guide tube, normally closed pinch valve is housed on aqueduct, the normally opened pinch valve passes through the
One relay is connected to data collecting card, and the normally closed pinch valve is connected to data collecting card by the second relay；It is described compacted
Dynamic pump is connected by third relay with data collecting card；First temperature sensor and second temperature sensor are and data
Capture card connects；The data collecting card is connect with PC machine.
Further, the fermentation flask, drexel bottle and draining bottle are glass capsulation bottle；Fermentation is added in the fermentation flask
Substrate and anaerobic sludge；Lye is added in the drexel bottle, to filter out the sour gas in aerogenesis, gas is led through second after filtering
Tracheae enters draining bottle, and pressure in the bottle increase is caused to be depressed into water-dis-placing liquid in bottle in collection bottle through drainpipe；The collection bottle is
Opening is arranged at glass leveling bottle, body bottom, equipped with switch；Collection bottle is positioned over weighing unit, after the test, turns on the switch, row
Water-dis-placing liquid in empty bottle.
Further, the weighing unit is in that lateral Z-type is built by weighing sensor, weighing sensor right end and pop-up
Disk is connected, and left end is connected with lower tray, is put between top tray and weighing sensor and between lower tray and weighing sensor
There is washer, and is screwed；Lower tray is mounted on the base.
Further, the weighing sensor selects beam type resistance strain gage sensor, upper and lower surface respectively to paste two panels；
Collection bottle is put in top tray, acts on the right end of weighing sensor, and slight curves occur for cantilever beam, and surface strain piece produces thereon
Raw stretching strain, lower surface foil gauge generate compressive strain, and resistance value generates respective change, and voltage letter is converted to by weight transmitter
Number.
Further, the weight transmitter includes 24 HX711A/D conversion modules, by the micro- of weighing sensor output
The A/D conversion values of primary differential signal point amplification, output 24, data collecting card is conveyed to the serial ports transmission form of long numeric data；
The signal of the data collecting card acquisition weight transmitter carries out processing to obtained data and obtains methane yield.
Further, when the gravimetric value that weighing sensor detects reaches weight threshold M1When, indicate the row in draining bottle
Aqueous is insufficient, and PC machine controls relay switch connection, pause aerogenesis detection；Liquid supply device is started to work, setting time to be reached
Afterwards, fluid infusion is closed, and restarts aerogenesis detection.
Further, after the PC machine control relay switch connection, normally opened pinch valve, which is powered, closes, and has obstructed fermentation production
Conductance is logical, and normally closed pinch valve, which is powered, to be opened, and conducting aqueduct makes the water in liquid storage bottle be evacuated in draining bottle, reaches fluid infusion work(
Energy；After the completion of fluid infusion, normally opened pinch valve power-off is opened, and normally closed pinch valve power-off is closed, and fermentation gas detection is continued.
Further, the liquid storage bottle selects glass open bottle, and water-dis-placing liquid is housed；Need to draw water fluid infusion when, PC machine control
Third relay is connected to so that water-dis-placing liquid in liquid storage bottle is evacuated to draining bottle by wriggling pump work, peristaltic pump.
Further, the data collecting card selects the USB interface data collecting card of NI companies, by the in fermentation process
One temperature sensor and second temperature sensor monitor bath temperature and fermentation temperature respectively；Monitoring claims in real time in fermentation process
Weight sensing data records data and is uploaded to PC machine and judges, controls normally opened pinch valve, normally closed pinch valve and peristaltic pump
Working condition.
A method of biochemical methane potentiality being measured using above-mentioned apparatus, the method includes the steps of：
(1) it selects the methane-generating pit anaerobic sludge of operational excellence as inoculum, is used in combination the sieve in the apertures 1~2mm to inoculation
Object is filtered, and removal influences the particulate matter of homogeneity, and activates 3 days；Material and inoculation anaerobic sludge are added to fermentation
In bottle, the material and inoculation anaerobic sludge total volume of addition account for the 60~75% of bottle product；Weight of material and inoculation anaerobic sludge
The ratio of weight is 1~10:1；It tests material and is arranged 7.0 ± 0.5 with the pH value for being inoculated with anaerobic sludge mixed liquor；In order to eliminate
Influence of the biogas that inoculum generates to final result, experimental setup do not add the blank control of fermentation substrate；
(2) fermentation flask is passed through high pure nitrogen into gas bottle in Gai Saiqian, continues 2~3 minutes, to replace the sky in bottle
Gas forms oxygen-free environment；Fermentation flask is put into constant temperature water bath；
(3) in drexel bottle and draining bottle, so that conduit liquid level is flushed with liquid level in bottle, to high pure nitrogen is passed through in two bottles, hold
It is 2~3 minutes continuous, the air in bottle is excluded, oxygen-free environment is formed, stoppers rubber stopper and sealed with sealing wax；
(4) weighing unit is put up, collection bottle is positioned on weighing unit, with the increase of gas production, is discharged into gas bottle
Water increase therewith, weighing sensor foil gauge stress generate resistance change output voltage is converted by weight transmitter
Signal；It is measured through many experiments, show that the empirical equation of weighing sensor is as follows：
M=Av+B
Wherein, M is the weight of water in collection bottle, and v is weight transmitter output voltage, and A, B are empirical equation parameter value, are led to
Experiment is crossed to obtain；
(5) data collecting card is measured in real time the weight change of collection bottle, is more than when detecting gravimetric value for the first time
Weight threshold M1When, surface drainage liquid is insufficient, and PC machine controls relay switch connection, i.e., normally opened pinch valve, which is powered, closes, normally closed
Pinch valve, which is powered, to be opened, and peristaltic pump is powered on, from liquid storage bottle fluid infusion into draining bottle；After the completion of fluid infusion, control relay is opened
Shutdown is opened, and normally opened pinch valve power-off is opened, and normally closed pinch valve power-off is closed, and peristaltic pump power-off is stopped, and fluid infusion terminates；
(6) the volume V that draining water gathering of gas law obtains1The volume V of the methane generated；Utilize data collecting card taken at regular intervals weight
Amount and temperature data, and handled by PC machine and be shown as aerogenesis curve, until aerogenesis slope of a curve goes to zero, stop experiment；
(7) actual biomass anaerobic digestion Methane production potential BMP is calculated as follows：
Wherein, VSFor the cumulative methane volume that biomass anaerobic digestion generates, V0The methane body generated for blank control group
Product, VS0For the material volatile component amount of fermentation flask is added.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has remarkable advantage：
1, biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit provided by the invention collects methane fermentation, processing and aerogenesis metering in one
Body, high degree of automation, can automatic measurement gas yield, it is easy to operate, it is easy to use.
2, the gas that biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit provided by the invention generates fermentation by gas treatment equipment
Body carries out gasmetry again after being handled, measurement result is accurate and precision is high.
3, biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit provided by the invention combines the method weighed indirect using draining gas collection
Gas production is measured, convenient for observation aerogenesis situation.
4, the liquid supply device of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit provided by the invention can be sentenced according to the number of gas collection
It is fixed whether to need fluid infusion, reach the function of being automatically replenished water-dis-placing liquid, has supplemented water-dis-placing liquid without artificial draining bottle of periodically opening, exempt from
The error generated when fluid infusion is gone.
5, the gas-metering device of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit provided by the invention is read automatically by capture card
Access evidence reaches upper computer software and shows and store data, can be continuously long-running, and records, measures without artificial daily measure
It is efficient.
6, biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit provided by the invention is small, and space hold is small, can be in thermostatted water
Multigroup processing is set in bath, is suitable for laboratory scale batch anaerobic fermentation and tests.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit weighing unit structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit weight transmitter circuit diagram of the present invention；
In figure, the first temperature sensor 1, constant temperature water bath 2, second temperature sensor 3, fermentation flask 4, normally opened pinch valve 5,
First gas-guide tube 6, drexel bottle 7, the second gas-guide tube 8, draining bottle 9, aqueduct 10, normally closed pinch valve 11, drainpipe 12, collection bottle
13, weighing unit 14, weight transmitter 15, peristaltic pump 16, the first relay 17, the second relay 18, third relay 19, draw water
Pipe 20, liquid storage bottle 21, data collecting card 22, PC machine 23, top tray 24, weighing sensor 25, lower tray 26, pedestal 27, upper table
Face foil gauge 28, lower surface foil gauge 29, washer 30, screw 31.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit provided by the invention, including fermentation reaction dress
It sets, gas treatment equipment, gas-metering device, liquid supply device and data acquisition processing device：The fermentation reaction device includes
Constant temperature water bath 2, fermentation flask 4, the first temperature sensor 1, second temperature sensor 3 and the first gas-guide tube 6；The gas treatment
Device includes drexel bottle 7, draining bottle 9, the second gas-guide tube 8 and drainpipe 12；The gas-metering device includes collection bottle 13, claims
Weight platform 14 and weight transmitter 15；The liquid supply device includes peristaltic pump 16, liquid storage bottle 21, normally opened pinch valve 5, normally closed pinch valve
11, aqueduct 10, drinking-water pipe 20, the first relay 17, the second relay 18 and third relay 19；The data acquisition process
Device includes data collecting card 22 and PC machine 23；The constant temperature water bath 2 has 8 hole insulation covers, is placed with the first temperature sensing
Device 1；The fermentation flask 4 is placed in constant temperature water bath 2, is plugged with holes rubber stopper, and second temperature sensor 3 is placed in inside；Institute
It states and gas washing liquid is housed in drexel bottle 7, be plugged with holes rubber stopper, the air inlet of drexel bottle 7 passes through the first gas-guide tube 6 and fermentation flask 4
It is connected, nozzle submerges gas washing liquid；The draining bottle 9 is plugged with three hole rubber stoppers, and the second gas-guide tube 8 and drexel bottle are connected in air inlet
7 gas outlet connection, is connected to drainpipe 12 in gas outlet and is connected with gas bottle 13, aqueduct 10 and peristaltic pump are connected in water inlet
16 are connected, and aqueduct 12 extends to 9 bottom of draining bottle；The collection bottle 13 is positioned over the title built by weighing sensor 25 and pallet
On weight platform 14, the weighing sensor 25 is connect by weight transmitter 15 with data collecting card 22；The liquid storage bottle 21 passes through
Drinking-water pipe 20 is connected with peristaltic pump 16, and drinking-water pipe 20 extends to 21 bottom of liquid storage bottle；Normally opened clamp is housed on first gas-guide tube 6
Valve 5, normally closed pinch valve 11 is equipped on aqueduct 10, and the normally opened pinch valve 5 is connected to data by the first relay 17 and acquires
Card 22, the normally closed pinch valve 11 is connected to data collecting card 22 by the second relay 18；The peristaltic pump 16 passes through third
Relay 19 is connected with data collecting card 22；First temperature sensor 1 and second temperature sensor 3 are and data collecting card
22 connections；The data collecting card 22 is connect with PC machine 23.
Further, the fermentation flask 4, drexel bottle 7 and draining bottle 9 are glass capsulation bottle；By suitable ratio in fermentation flask 4
Fermentation substrate and anaerobic sludge is added in example；Lye is added in drexel bottle 7, to filter out the sour gas CO in aerogenesis2, H2S etc., mistake
Gas enters draining bottle 9 through the second gas-guide tube 8 after filter, causes the pressure in the bottle to increase and water-dis-placing liquid in bottle is depressed into collection through drainpipe 12
In water bottle 13；The collection bottle 13 is glass leveling bottle, and opening is arranged at body bottom, equipped with switch；Collection bottle 13, which is positioned over, weighs
Platform 14 turns on the switch after the test, water-dis-placing liquid in evacuated vial.
As shown in Fig. 2, the weighing unit 14 is in that lateral Z-type is built by weighing sensor 25, weighing sensor 25 is right
End be connected with top tray 24, left end is connected with lower tray 26, between top tray 24 and weighing sensor 25 and lower tray 26 and
It is placed with washer 30 between weighing sensor 25, screw 31 is used in combination to fix；Lower tray 26 is mounted on pedestal 27.The biography of weighing
Sensor 25 selects beam type resistance strain gage sensor, upper and lower surface respectively to paste 2；Collection bottle 13 is put in top tray 24, is made
For the right end of weighing sensor 25, slight curves occur for cantilever beam, and surface strain piece 28 generates stretching strain thereon, and lower surface is answered
Become piece 29 and generate compressive strain, resistance value generates respective change, voltage signal is converted to by weight transmitter 15.
Further, as shown in figure 3, the weight transmitter 15 includes 24 HX711A/D conversion modules, weighing and sensing
Two power ports of device 25 are respectively connected to excitation power supply positive and negative anodes, weighing sensor output voltage signal anode AM access module A
Channel INA+ pins, weighing sensor output voltage signal cathode AM access module A channel INA- pins.Channel A is with 128 times
Signal gain, can be by 128 times of the voltage amplification of 5mV.Module carries regulated power supply, and output voltage values (VAVDD) are by outside
The output reference unit VBG of divider resistance R7, R8 and chip is determined.The tiny signal difference that weighing sensor 25 exports is put
Greatly, the A/D conversion values for exporting 24 are conveyed to data with the serial ports transmission form of long numeric data by pin PD_SCK and DOUT
Capture card 22；The data collecting card 22 acquires the signal of weight transmitter 15, and carrying out processing to obtained data obtains methane
Gas production, and shown in host computer interface.
Further, when the gravimetric value that weighing sensor 25 detects reaches weight threshold M1(M1Starting weight at the beginning of=draining bottle
Amount * 80%) when, indicate that the water-dis-placing liquid in draining bottle 9 is insufficient, PC machine 23 controls relay switch connection, pause aerogenesis detection；It mends
Liquid device is started to work, and after reaching setting time, fluid infusion is closed, and restarts aerogenesis detection.
Further, after the PC machine 23 controls relay switch connection, normally opened pinch valve 5, which is powered, closes, and has obstructed hair
Ferment aerogenesis is connected, and normally closed pinch valve 11, which is powered, to be opened, and conducting aqueduct 10 makes the water in liquid storage bottle 21 be evacuated in draining bottle 9,
Reach liquid replenishing function；After the completion of fluid infusion, the power-off of normally opened pinch valve 5 is opened, and the power-off of normally closed pinch valve 11 is closed, and fermentation gas is continued
Detection.
Further, the liquid storage bottle 21 selects glass open bottle, and water-dis-placing liquid is housed；Need to draw water fluid infusion when, PC machine 23
It controls third relay 19 to be connected to so that peristaltic pump 16 works, water-dis-placing liquid in liquid storage bottle 21 is evacuated to draining bottle 9 by peristaltic pump 16.
Further, the data collecting card 22 selects the USB interface data collecting card of NI companies, passes through in fermentation process
First temperature sensor 1 and second temperature sensor 3, monitor bath temperature and fermentation temperature respectively；It is supervised in real time in fermentation process
25 data of weighing sensor are surveyed, data are recorded and is uploaded to PC machine 23 and judges, control normally opened pinch valve 5, normally closed pinch valve
11 and peristaltic pump 16 working condition.
The step of measuring biochemical methane potentiality using above-mentioned apparatus is as follows：
(1) device each section is connected using the conduit of certain specification, is sealed using expanded rubber plug and sealing wax,
Airtight test is carried out to the device；
(2) it selects the methane-generating pit anaerobic sludge of operational excellence as inoculum, is used in combination the sieve in the apertures 1~2mm to inoculation
Object is filtered, and removal influences the particulate matter of homogeneity, and activates 3 days；Material and inoculation anaerobic sludge are added to fermentation
In bottle 4, the material and inoculation anaerobic sludge total volume of addition account for the 60~75% of bottle product；Weight of material and inoculation anaerobic sludge
The ratio of weight can be 1~10:1, most preferably 4~5:1；It tests material and exists with the pH value setting for being inoculated with anaerobic sludge mixed liquor
7.0±0.5；In order to eliminate influence of the biogas of inoculum generation to final result, experimental setup does not add the sky of fermentation substrate
White control；
(3) fermentation flask 4 is passed through high pure nitrogen in Gai Saiqian into gas bottle 13, continues 2~3 minutes, to replace in bottle
Air forms oxygen-free environment；Fermentation flask 4 is put into constant temperature water bath 2, and temperature in slot is set to suitable fermentation bath temperature
TS；
(4) in drexel bottle 7 and draining bottle 9, conduit liquid level is made to be flushed with liquid level in bottle, to being passed through high pure nitrogen in two bottles,
Continue 2~3 minutes, exclude the air in bottle, forms oxygen-free environment, stopper rubber stopper and sealed with sealing wax；
(5) weighing unit 14 is put up, collection bottle 13 is positioned on weighing unit 14, with the increase of gas production, is discharged into collection
Water in gas cylinder 13 increases therewith, and the resistance change that 25 foil gauge stress of weighing sensor generates passes through 15 turns of weight transmitter
Turn to output voltage signal；It is measured through many experiments, show that the empirical equation of weighing sensor 25 is as follows：
M=Av+B
Wherein, M is the weight of water in collection bottle, and v is weight transmitter output voltage, and A, B are empirical equation parameter value, are led to
Experiment is crossed to obtain；
(6) data collecting card 22 is measured in real time the weight change of collection bottle 13, when detect gravimetric value for the first time
More than weight threshold M1When, surface drainage liquid is insufficient, and PC machine 23 controls relay switch connection, i.e., normally opened pinch valve 5, which is powered, to close
It closes, normally closed pinch valve 11, which is powered, to be opened, and peristaltic pump 16 is powered on, from the fluid infusion into draining bottle 9 of liquid storage bottle 21；Fluid infusion is completed
Afterwards, control relay switch disconnects, and the power-off of normally opened pinch valve 5 is opened, and the power-off of normally closed pinch valve 11 is closed, and the power-off of peristaltic pump 16 stops
It only works, fluid infusion terminates；
(7) the volume V that draining water gathering of gas law obtains1The volume V of the methane generated, actual biomass anaerobic digestion generate
Methane volumetric V calculate as follows；Using 22 taken at regular intervals weight of data collecting card and temperature data, and pass through PC machine 23
Processing is shown as aerogenesis curve, until aerogenesis slope of a curve goes to zero, stops experiment；
V=V1
(8) actual biomass anaerobic digestion Methane production potential BMP is calculated as follows：
Wherein, VSFor the cumulative methane volume that biomass anaerobic digestion generates, V0The methane body generated for blank control group
Product, VS0For the material volatile component amount of fermentation flask is added.
Embodiment 1：
This experiment material used selects various organic wastes, substrate sludge to come from seven lattice sewage disposal of Hangzhou
Factory.The constant temperature water bath 2 in 8 holes is placed on platform first, suitable cold water is added in slot pot to certain altitude, opens permanent
Warm water bath 2 switchs, and is 37 DEG C by temperature setting in slot.According to inoculum and substrate 5：1 ratio is tested.100g is detested
Oxygen sludge is added in the fermentation flask 4 of 500mL, and 20g inoculum samples are added, cover rubber stopper and seal bottle with sealing wax
Mouthful, fermentation flask 4 is positioned in constant temperature water bath 2.In experimental setup blank control experiment.In constant temperature water bath 2 and fermentation flask 4
It is placed with thermometer, for monitoring bath temperature and fermentation temperature.There are apertures to facilitate the first gas-guide tube 6 of insertion on rubber stopper, and
Sealing wax is coated around gas port.Drexel bottle 7 is connected with fermentation flask 4 by the first gas-guide tube 6 equipped with normally opened pinch valve 5
It connects, which is higher than 4 liquid level of fermentation flask, and one end is less than drexel bottle liquid level.NaOH solution is filled it up in drexel bottle 7, to absorb
The H generated in degradation process2S, CO2Equal sour gas.Water is filled in draining bottle 9, covers three hole rubber stoppers, a hole passes through second
Gas-guide tube 8 is connect with drexel bottle 7, which is all higher than liquid level；One hole is connect by drainpipe 12 with collection bottle 13, the pipe
Left end submerges in draining 9 water of bottle, and right end micro stretching is for rubber stopper；One hole by aqueduct 10 equipped with normally closed pinch valve 11 with it is compacted
16 connection of dynamic pump, peristaltic pump 16 are drawn water from liquid storage bottle 21 by drinking-water pipe 20 and carry out fluid infusion work to draining bottle 9.Weighing sensor
25 select full-bridge foil gauge electric resistance sensor, are installed with transverse direction " Z " font formula as shown in Figure 2, top tray 24 and its right end phase
Even, lower tray 26 is connected with its left end, and washer 30 is placed between pallet and sensor, is fixed with screw 31.Collection bottle 13 is positioned over
On weighing unit 14, when 13 weight of collection bottle changes, foil gauge 28 stress in sensor upper surface stretches, lower surface foil gauge 29
Forced compression, using four lead mode of connection of full-bridge, stress variation is directly output as voltage signal, will by weight transmitter 15
Signal amplifies, and reaches the processing of data collecting card 22.
When the weight of 22 collected collection bottle of data collecting card increases to certain value, (such as 400g has with draining bottle volume
Close), show that draining bottle (volume 500mL) water-dis-placing liquid requires supplementation with, host computer controls normally opened folder using data collecting card 22 at this time
Pipe valve 5, which is powered, closes, and normally closed pinch valve 11 powers on opening, starts peristaltic pump 16 and carries out moisturizing work toward draining bottle 9.PC machine 23 with
Data collecting card 22 connects, and handles data by upper computer software and is shown in host computer interface.
22 periodic sampling of data collecting card in fermentation process records the temperature in fermentation process and displaced weight variation, passes
The displaced weight of sensor record is denoted as M, and the volume V of water can be obtained by density formula1, the volume V of water is discharged1The methane generated
Volume V, the methane volumetric measured is shown in the form of curve chart on 23 interface of PC machine.Usually require 30 experimental period~
60 days, the total amount of drainage i.e. aerogenesis total amount of generation was tested substantially unchanged after fermentation, can disposably be obtained, without daily
It is artificial to measure and record.State modulator of the present invention is accurately simple, and occupancy is small, and the detection of cooperation weighing sensor 25 and data are adopted
22 acquisition and recording data of truck, can get high duplication, monitoring property test result.
Above-described embodiment is used for illustrating the present invention, rather than limits the invention.The present invention spirit and
In scope of the claims, to any modifications and changes that the present invention makes, protection scope of the present invention is both fallen within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit, which is characterized in that filled including fermentation reaction device, gas treatment
It sets, gas-metering device, liquid supply device and data acquisition processing device：The fermentation reaction device include constant temperature water bath (2),
Fermentation flask (4), the first temperature sensor (1), second temperature sensor (3) and the first gas-guide tube (6)；The gas treatment equipment
Including drexel bottle (7), draining bottle (9), the second gas-guide tube (8) and drainpipe (12)；The gas-metering device includes collection bottle
(13), weighing unit (14) and weight transmitter (15)；The liquid supply device includes peristaltic pump (16), liquid storage bottle (21), normally opened folder
Pipe valve (5), normally closed pinch valve (11), aqueduct (10), drinking-water pipe (20), the first relay (17), the second relay (18) and
Third relay (19)；The data acquisition processing device includes data collecting card (22) and PC machine (23)；The water bath with thermostatic control
Slot (2) is placed with the first temperature sensor (1)；The fermentation flask (4) is placed in constant temperature water bath (2), and inside places second
Temperature sensor (3)；Gas washing liquid is housed in the drexel bottle (7), the air inlet of drexel bottle (7) by the first gas-guide tube (6) with
Fermentation flask (4) is connected, and nozzle submerges gas washing liquid；The draining bottle (9) is connected to the second gas-guide tube (8) and drexel bottle in air inlet
(7) gas outlet connection, is connected to drainpipe (12) in gas outlet and is connected with gas bottle (13), aqueduct (10) is connected in water inlet
It is connected with peristaltic pump (16), aqueduct (12) extends to draining bottle (9) bottom；The collection bottle (13) is positioned over by weighing sensor
(25) and on the weighing unit (14) built of pallet, the weighing sensor (25) passes through weight transmitter (15) and data collecting card
(22) it connects；The liquid storage bottle (21) is connected by drinking-water pipe (20) with peristaltic pump (16), and drinking-water pipe (20) extends to liquid storage bottle
(21) bottom；Normally opened pinch valve (5) is housed on first gas-guide tube (6), normally closed pinch valve (11) is housed on aqueduct (10),
The normally opened pinch valve (5) is connected to data collecting card (22) by the first relay (17), and the normally closed pinch valve (11) is logical
It crosses the second relay (18) and is connected to data collecting card (22)；The peristaltic pump (16) is adopted by third relay (19) with data
Truck (22) is connected；First temperature sensor (1) and second temperature sensor (3) are connect with data collecting card (22)；
The data collecting card (22) connect with PC machine (23).
2. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fermentation flask
(4), drexel bottle (7) and draining bottle (9) are glass capsulation bottle；Fermentation substrate and anaerobic sludge are added in the fermentation flask (4)；
Lye is added in the drexel bottle (7), to filter out the sour gas in aerogenesis, gas enters through the second gas-guide tube (8) after filtering
Bottle (9) is drained, pressure in the bottle increase is caused to be depressed into water-dis-placing liquid in bottle in collection bottle (13) through drainpipe (12)；The collection bottle
(13) it is glass leveling bottle, opening is arranged at body bottom, equipped with switch；Collection bottle (13) is positioned over weighing unit (14), off-test
Afterwards, it turns on the switch, water-dis-placing liquid in evacuated vial.
3. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The weighing unit
(14) it is in that lateral Z-type is built by weighing sensor (25), weighing sensor (25) right end is connected with top tray (24), left end
It is connected with lower tray (26), between top tray (24) and weighing sensor (25) and lower tray (26) and weighing sensor
(25) it is placed with washer (30) between, is used in combination screw (31) fixed；Lower tray (26) is mounted on pedestal (27).
4. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The biography of weighing
Sensor (25) selects beam type resistance strain gage sensor, upper and lower surface respectively to paste two panels；Collection bottle (13) is put in top tray
(24) on, the right end of weighing sensor (25) is acted on, slight curves occur for cantilever beam, and surface strain piece (28) generates drawing thereon
Strain, lower surface foil gauge (29) generate compressive strain, and resistance value generates respective change, electricity is converted to by weight transmitter (15)
Press signal.
5. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The weight becomes
It includes 24 HX711A/D conversion modules to send device (15), by the tiny signal differential amplification of weighing sensor (25) output, output
24 A/D conversion values are conveyed to data collecting card (22) with the serial ports transmission form of long numeric data；The data collecting card
(22) signal of acquisition weight transmitter (15) carries out processing to obtained data and obtains methane yield.
6. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Work as weighing and sensing
The gravimetric value that device (25) detects reaches weight threshold M1When, indicate that the water-dis-placing liquid in draining bottle (9) is insufficient, PC machine (23) control
Relay switch connects, pause aerogenesis detection；Liquid supply device is started to work, and after reaching setting time, fluid infusion is closed, and is opened again
Beginning aerogenesis detects.
7. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The PC machine
(23) after the connection of control relay switch, normally opened pinch valve (5), which is powered, closes, and has obstructed fermentation gas conducting, normally closed pinch valve
(11) it is powered and opens, conducting aqueduct (10) makes the water in liquid storage bottle (21) be evacuated in draining bottle (9), reaches liquid replenishing function；
After the completion of fluid infusion, normally opened pinch valve (5) power-off is opened, and normally closed pinch valve (11) power-off is closed, and fermentation gas detection is continued.
8. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The liquid storage bottle
(21) glass open bottle is selected, water-dis-placing liquid is housed；Need to draw water fluid infusion when, PC machine (23) control third relay (19) be connected to make
Peristaltic pump (16) work is obtained, water-dis-placing liquid in liquid storage bottle (21) is evacuated to draining bottle (9) by peristaltic pump (16).
9. a kind of biochemical methane potentiality self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The data are adopted
Truck (22) selects the USB interface data collecting card of NI companies, passes through the first temperature sensor (1) and the second temperature in fermentation process
Sensor (3) is spent, monitors bath temperature and fermentation temperature respectively；Weighing sensor (25) data are monitored in fermentation process in real time,
It records data and is uploaded to PC machine (23) and judge, control normally opened pinch valve (5), normally closed pinch valve (11) and peristaltic pump (16)
Working condition.
10. a kind of method measuring biochemical methane potentiality using any one of claim 1-9 described devices, which is characterized in that
The method includes the steps of：
(1) select the methane-generating pit anaerobic sludge of operational excellence as inoculum, be used in combination the sieve in the apertures 1~2mm to inoculum into
Row filtering, removal influences the particulate matter of homogeneity, and activates 3 days；Material and inoculation anaerobic sludge are added to fermentation flask (4)
In, the material and inoculation anaerobic sludge total volume of addition account for the 60~75% of bottle product；Weight of material and inoculation anaerobic sludge weight
The ratio of amount is 1~10:1；It tests material and is arranged 7.0 ± 0.5 with the pH value for being inoculated with anaerobic sludge mixed liquor；It is connect to eliminate
Influence of the biogas that kind object generates to final result, experimental setup do not add the blank control of fermentation substrate；
(2) fermentation flask (4) is passed through high pure nitrogen in Gai Saiqian into gas bottle (13), continues 2~3 minutes, to replace in bottle
Air forms oxygen-free environment；Fermentation flask (4) is put into constant temperature water bath (2)；
(3) in drexel bottle (7) and draining bottle (9), conduit liquid level is made to be flushed with liquid level in bottle, to being passed through high pure nitrogen in two bottles,
Continue 2~3 minutes, exclude the air in bottle, forms oxygen-free environment, stopper rubber stopper and sealed with sealing wax；
(4) weighing unit (14) is put up, collection bottle (13) is positioned on weighing unit (14), with the increase of gas production, is discharged into
Water in gas bottle (13) increases therewith, and the resistance change that weighing sensor (25) foil gauge stress generates passes through weight transmission
Device (15) is converted into output voltage signal；It is measured through many experiments, show that the empirical equation of weighing sensor (25) is as follows：
M=Av+B
Wherein, M is the weight of water in collection bottle, and v is weight transmitter output voltage, and A, B are empirical equation parameter value, pass through reality
It tests to obtain；
(5) data collecting card (22) is measured in real time the weight change of collection bottle (13), when detect gravimetric value for the first time
More than weight threshold M1When, surface drainage liquid is insufficient, and PC machine (23) controls relay switch connection, i.e., normally opened pinch valve
(5) it is powered and closes, normally closed pinch valve (11), which is powered, opens, and peristaltic pump (16) is powered on, from liquid storage bottle (21) to draining
Fluid infusion in bottle (9)；After the completion of fluid infusion, control relay switch disconnects, and normally opened pinch valve (5) power-off is opened, normally closed pinch valve
(11) power-off is closed, and peristaltic pump (16) power-off is stopped, and fluid infusion terminates；
(6) the volume V that draining water gathering of gas law obtains1The volume V of the methane generated；Utilize data collecting card (22) taken at regular intervals weight
Amount and temperature data, and handled by PC machine (23) and be shown as aerogenesis curve, until aerogenesis slope of a curve goes to zero, stop examination
It tests；
(7) actual biomass anaerobic digestion Methane production potential BMP is calculated as follows：
Wherein, VSFor the cumulative methane volume that biomass anaerobic digestion generates, V0For the methane volumetric that blank control group generates, VS0
For the material volatile component amount of fermentation flask is added.
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