CN108413438B - Self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater - Google Patents

Self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108413438B
CN108413438B CN201810345400.4A CN201810345400A CN108413438B CN 108413438 B CN108413438 B CN 108413438B CN 201810345400 A CN201810345400 A CN 201810345400A CN 108413438 B CN108413438 B CN 108413438B
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China
Prior art keywords
air
air preheater
heat exchange
blocking
component
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CN201810345400.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108413438A (en
Inventor
章联兵
黄长江
刘维元
郑建威
刘菊芳
黄超
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Hangzhou Xinji Energy Technology Co ltd
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Hangzhou Xinji Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F23L15/04Arrangements of recuperators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2700/00Ash removal, handling and treatment means; Ash and slag handling in pulverulent fuel furnaces; Ash removal means for incinerators
    • F23J2700/001Ash removal, handling and treatment means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a self-cleaning horizontal type tubular air preheater which has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, strong ash removal initiative and long service life. The utility model provides a horizontal tubular air heater of automatically cleaning, includes the air preheater box and locates the inside heat exchange module of air preheater box, is equipped with high temperature flue gas passageway and the air duct that is used for carrying out the heat exchange in the air preheater box, the heat exchange module includes a plurality of air pipes of following air duct parallel arrangement, the air preheater box be equipped with the removal blocking device that is used for the separation air to get into partial air pipe in air duct import department, the removal blocking device include separation part, conveying part and drive part, drive part connects conveying part, conveying part connects the separation part, separation part meets with air pipe one end. The invention has simple structure and convenient manufacture, realizes the self-cleaning of the deposited ash of the pipeline, does not influence the running performance of the air preheater in the boiler, and improves the running reliability and economy of the whole coal-fired unit.

Description

Self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air preheater, in particular to a self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater.
Background
The air preheater is a device for heating air required by fuel preparation and combustion by utilizing waste heat of flue gas at the tail of a boiler. The air preheater is adopted in the boiler system, so that the combustion condition is improved while the heat efficiency of the boiler is improved, the incomplete combustion heat loss of fuel is reduced, the radiation heat transfer in the hearth is enhanced, and the evaporation heating surface is also saved.
In the normal case, the air preheater at the tail of the boiler is usually arranged in a low-temperature flue gas area containing water vapor and sulfuric acid vapor, and the working condition is relatively bad, so that low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage are easy to occur. And the air preheater positioned in the low-temperature area of the boiler can cause the blockage of a flue gas channel once low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage occur, increase induced air resistance, even ensure positive pressure combustion of the boiler, limit the output of the boiler and further cause forced furnace shutdown. The corrosion can cause leakage and damage of pipes of the air preheater, serious air leakage and deterioration of combustion working conditions, and more serious, the heating surface needs to be replaced frequently, so that the maintenance workload and the material loss are increased, and the normal operation of the boiler is influenced. Cold air enters the flue gas side, so that the flue gas temperature can be reduced, the ash blocking and low-temperature corrosion speed can be accelerated, and further, the circulation of a malignant screen is caused, and the safe operation of a boiler is threatened.
NH as the air preheater is applied to the de-pinning device 4 HSO 4 The problem of ash blocking of the low-temperature Duan Xure element frequently occurs due to deposition, the resistance of the smoke side is continuously increased, and the deposited ash adhered to the surface of the heat storage element is required to be passively removed by a high-pressure water flushing technology when the resistance is serious. Moreover, with the execution of ultralow emission standards of coal-fired units, NO X Emission index is strictly controlled at 50mg/nm 3 The problem of ash blocking of the air preheater will thus become more serious below. The technicians adopt various measures such as adopting enamel heat storage elements, strengthening the steam soot blowing operation management of the air preheater, burning coal with relatively low sulfur content, limiting the escape of SCR denitration ammonia and the like, but still cannot effectively solve the problem of ash blockage of the air preheater. The problem is ubiquitous in the industry, and according to the design, installation and key parameter monitoring level of the prior desulfurization system, the performance design value of the desulfurization system is difficult to reach by adopting a general air preheater ash blocking treatment technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater which has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, strong ash removal initiative and long service life, has a self-cleaning mode superior to that of passive ash removal of an external flushing device, is simple and convenient to install and flexible to operate, and solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater comprises an air preheater box body and a heat exchange module arranged in the air preheater box body,the air preheater box body is internally provided with a high-temperature flue gas channel and an air channel for heat exchange, the heat exchange module comprises a plurality of air pipes which are arranged in parallel along the air channel, the air preheater box body is provided with a movable blocking device for blocking air from entering part of the air pipes at the inlet of the air channel, the movable blocking device comprises a blocking part, a conveying part and a driving part, the driving part is connected with the conveying part, the conveying part is connected with the blocking part, and the blocking part is connected with one end of the air pipe. The displacement blocking of the movable blocking device intermittently blocks the heat exchange in part of the air pipe, and the high-temperature flue gas outside the air pipe causes the temperature of the outer wall of the air pipe to rise due to the loss of the heat exchange of the air, so that the NH adhered to the outer wall of the air pipe is evaporated by the high-temperature flue gas 4 HSO 4 And the accumulated ash is washed away, after the ash removal is finished, the movable blocking device is moved to the next position to block the heat exchange of the other part of the air pipes to realize the ash removal, and the other part of the air pipes still work normally during the process, so that the on-line self-cleaning in the operation of the horizontal tubular air preheater is realized.
Preferably, the blocking part comprises a blocking plate and a connecting piece, the height of the blocking plate is the same as that of the heat exchange module, the connecting piece is arranged on the blocking plate, and the connecting piece is connected with the conveying part.
Preferably, the baffle plate is provided with a U-shaped groove or a C-shaped groove facing the end of the air pipe.
Preferably, the end of the baffle plate is provided with a folded edge. The hem plays the effect of strengthening the seal, makes the better laminating of baffle and seals the air pipe tip.
Preferably, the conveying part comprises a conveying belt and at least two conveying wheels matched with the conveying belt, the conveying belt is a belt or a chain belt, the conveying belt is connected with the blocking part, and the conveying wheels are connected with the driving part.
Preferably, the bottom of the conveying wheel is provided with a fixed bracket which is fixedly connected with the air preheater box body.
Preferably, the air preheater box body is provided with a guide rail matched with the blocking component, the guide rail is parallel to the conveyor belt, and the blocking component can move along the guide rail. The guide rail can regulate the moving path of the blocking component, relieves the gravity downward pressure of the conveyor belt, and enables the blocking component to be better attached and close the end part of the air pipe.
Preferably, the driving part comprises a driving motor and a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the driving motor, and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the transmission part.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the self-cleaning horizontal type tubular air preheater has the advantages of simple structure and convenient manufacture, realizes the self-cleaning of the deposited ash of the pipeline, realizes the corrosion and blockage prevention of the pipeline, reduces the resistance of the air preheater and reduces the operation and maintenance cost of a coal-fired unit.
2. When the dust deposit exists in the air preheater pipeline, the air preheater pipeline is not required to be stopped for flushing, and the heat exchange between the flue gas and the air in the air pipes at different positions of the air preheater is orderly and controllably blocked, so that the ammonium bisulfate attached to the outer wall of the pipeline is gasified, the self-cleaning is realized, and meanwhile, the heat exchange of the air pipes at other positions is normally carried out, the running performance of the air preheater in a boiler is not influenced, and the running reliability and the economical efficiency of the whole coal-fired unit are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the air preheater comprises an air preheater box body, 2, a heat exchange module, 3, a high-temperature flue gas channel, 4, an air channel, 5, an air pipe, 6, a movable blocking device, 61, a blocking component, 62, a conveying component, 63 and a driving component, 64, guide rails, 611, baffle plates, 612, connecting pieces, 613, U-shaped grooves, 614, folded edges, 621, conveyor belts, 622, conveying wheels, 623, fixing brackets, 631, motors, 632, transmission shafts, 641 and fixing plates.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described below through specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following examples, but is intended to be within the scope of the invention in any form and/or modification thereof.
Examples:
the self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater as shown in fig. 1-3 comprises an air preheater box body 1 and a heat exchange module 2 arranged in the air preheater box body 1, wherein a high-temperature flue gas channel 3 and an air channel 4 for heat exchange are arranged in the air preheater box body 1, and the heat exchange module 2 comprises a plurality of air pipes 5 which are arranged in parallel along the air channel 4.
The air preheater box 1 is provided with a movement blocking device 6 for blocking air from entering a part of the air pipe at the inlet of the air channel 4, the movement blocking device 6 comprises a blocking component 61, a conveying component 62 and a driving component 63, the driving component 63 is connected with the conveying component 62, the conveying component 62 is connected with the blocking component 61, and the blocking component 61 is connected with one end of the air pipe 5.
By the displacement blocking of the movable blocking device 6, the heat exchange in the air pipe 5 is intermittently blocked, and the high-temperature flue gas outside the air pipe 5 increases the temperature of the outer wall of the air pipe 5 due to the loss of the heat of the air exchange, so that the NH adhered to the outer wall of the air pipe is evaporated by the high-temperature flue gas 4 HSO 4 And the accumulated ash is washed away, after the ash removal is finished, the movable blocking device 6 is moved to the next position to block the heat exchange of the other part of the air pipes 5 to realize the ash removal, and the other part of the air pipes 5 still work normally during the process, so that the on-line self-cleaning in the operation of the horizontal tubular air preheater is realized.
The blocking member 61 comprises a blocking plate 611 and a connecting member 612, the height of the blocking plate 611 is the same as the height of the heat exchange module 2, the connecting member 612 is provided on the blocking plate 611, and the connecting member 612 is connected with the transfer member 62. The baffle plate 611 is provided with a U-shaped groove 613 toward the end of the air tube 5. The end of the baffle 611 is provided with a hem 614. The flaps 614 act to enhance sealing and allow the barrier plate 611 to better conform to and close the end of the air tube 5.
The conveying member 62 includes a conveying belt 621 and two conveying wheels 622 engaged with the conveying belt 621, the conveying belt 621 being a belt, the conveying belt 621 being connected with the connecting member 612, the conveying wheels 622 being connected with the driving member 63. The bottom of the conveying wheel 622 is provided with a fixed bracket 623, and the fixed bracket 623 is fixedly connected with the air preheater box 1.
The air preheater housing 1 is provided with three guide rails 64 which are matched with the blocking member 61, the three guide rails 64 are parallel to the conveyor belt 621, and the blocking member 61 can move along the guide rails 64. Each guide rail 64 is fixedly connected with the air preheater box 1 through fixing plates 641 at two ends, the baffle plate 611 and the connecting piece 612 are respectively positioned at two sides of the guide rail 64, and the end part of the connecting piece 612 penetrates through the guide rail 64 to be fixedly connected with the baffle plate 611. The guide rails 64 can regulate the moving path of the blocking member 61, relieve the gravity pressing of the conveyor belt 621, and make the blocking member 61 better fit and close the end of the air tube 5.
The driving part 63 includes a driving motor 631 and a driving shaft 632, one end of the driving shaft 632 is connected to the driving motor 631, and the other end of the driving shaft 632 is connected to one of the transfer wheels 622 in the transfer part 62.
SO in flue gas in hearth of coal-fired boiler 2 About 0.5% to about 1.0% oxidized to SO 3 After the SCR system is added, the catalyst reduces NOx to N 2 At the same time, about 1.0% SO 2 Oxidation to SO 3 Unreacted fugitive ammonia (NH) present in the SCR reactor outlet flue gas 3 )、SO 3 The ammonia bisulfate generated by the steam reaction has viscosity, the melting point is 147 ℃ under the normal condition, and the ammonia bisulfate is dispersed in the flue gas in a liquid state and adheres to fly ash, so that a high-temperature flue gas pipe which corrodes the horizontal tubular air preheater can be blocked; through the controllable heat exchange of flue gas and air in the horizontal tubular air preheater that blocks, the high temperature flue gas that does not pass through heat exchange can promote the pipe wall temperature of the heat exchange module low temperature section in the air preheater, makes the temperature reach 190 ℃, thereby evaporate the ammonium bisulfate that the pipe wall adhered, and wash away the deposition.
The above-described embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not limited in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the technical aspects set forth in the claims.

Claims (2)

1. A self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater comprises an air preheater boxThe body and locate the inside heat exchange module of air preheater box, be equipped with in the air preheater box and be used for carrying out heat exchange's high temperature flue gas passageway and air passage, heat exchange module includes a plurality of air pipes along air passage parallel arrangement, its characterized in that: the air preheater box body is provided with a movable blocking device for blocking air from entering part of the air pipe at the inlet of the air channel, the movable blocking device comprises a blocking component, a conveying component and a driving component, the driving component is connected with the conveying component, the conveying component is connected with the blocking component, and the blocking component is connected with one end of the air pipe; the air preheater box is provided with a guide rail matched with the blocking component, the guide rail is parallel to the guide rail, the blocking component can move along the guide rail, the intermittent blocking part is blocked by displacement of the blocking device, heat exchange is carried out in the air pipe, and high-temperature flue gas outside the air pipe increases the temperature of the outer wall of the air pipe and evaporates NH adhered to the outer wall of the pipe due to heat exchange of air 4 HSO 4 And the accumulated ash is washed away, after the ash removal is finished, the movable blocking device is moved to the next position to block the heat exchange of the other part of the air pipes to realize the ash removal, and the other part of the air pipes still work normally during the process, so that the on-line self-cleaning in the operation of the horizontal tubular air preheater is realized.
2. A self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the driving part comprises a driving motor and a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the driving motor, and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the transmission part.
CN201810345400.4A 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Self-cleaning horizontal tubular air preheater Active CN108413438B (en)

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CN108413438B true CN108413438B (en) 2024-04-05

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109340812A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-02-15 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 A kind of Horizontal Tubular Air Preheater anti-block apparatus

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6414517A (en) * 1987-07-03 1989-01-18 Gadelius Kk Recovery of waste heat of exhaust gas
CN2060847U (en) * 1990-03-13 1990-08-22 上海工程咨询研究中心 Horzontal prehater with horizontal restrains
KR100646629B1 (en) * 2005-10-11 2006-11-23 주식회사 포스코 Gas air heater for power plant
CN102721075A (en) * 2012-05-29 2012-10-10 中节能科技投资有限公司 Device and method for preheating interior of dust remover
EP2730877A1 (en) * 2011-07-09 2014-05-14 Aiping Cheng Rotary gas-gas heater with axially isolated and sealed compartments in leaktight sealing system
CN103912871A (en) * 2014-04-15 2014-07-09 国家电网公司 Seal valve material returning system for chemical loop combustion system
CN106705111A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-05-24 范诚豪 Air preheater stationary self-compensation sealing fin and sealing system comprising same
CN107013933A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-04 南京博沃科技发展有限公司 A kind of anti-low temperature condensation of tubular air preheater and the method and system for blocking up ash

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6414517A (en) * 1987-07-03 1989-01-18 Gadelius Kk Recovery of waste heat of exhaust gas
CN2060847U (en) * 1990-03-13 1990-08-22 上海工程咨询研究中心 Horzontal prehater with horizontal restrains
KR100646629B1 (en) * 2005-10-11 2006-11-23 주식회사 포스코 Gas air heater for power plant
EP2730877A1 (en) * 2011-07-09 2014-05-14 Aiping Cheng Rotary gas-gas heater with axially isolated and sealed compartments in leaktight sealing system
CN102721075A (en) * 2012-05-29 2012-10-10 中节能科技投资有限公司 Device and method for preheating interior of dust remover
CN103912871A (en) * 2014-04-15 2014-07-09 国家电网公司 Seal valve material returning system for chemical loop combustion system
CN106705111A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-05-24 范诚豪 Air preheater stationary self-compensation sealing fin and sealing system comprising same
CN107013933A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-04 南京博沃科技发展有限公司 A kind of anti-low temperature condensation of tubular air preheater and the method and system for blocking up ash

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