CN108412759A - 带有电子油压控制装置的发动机油泵 - Google Patents

带有电子油压控制装置的发动机油泵 Download PDF

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CN108412759A
CN108412759A CN201810021535.5A CN201810021535A CN108412759A CN 108412759 A CN108412759 A CN 108412759A CN 201810021535 A CN201810021535 A CN 201810021535A CN 108412759 A CN108412759 A CN 108412759A
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slip ring
oil pump
driving mechanism
oil
pump
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G.兹维克勒
B.K.普赖尔
G.赫德里奇
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3441—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C13/00—Adaptations of machines or pumps for special use, e.g. for extremely high pressures
    • F04C13/001—Pumps for particular liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
    • F04C14/22—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
    • F04C14/22—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members
    • F04C14/223—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam
    • F04C14/226—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam by pivoting the cam around an eccentric axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3441—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C2/3442—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0207—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
    • F01M2001/0215—Electrical pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0207—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
    • F01M2001/0238—Rotary pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0207—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
    • F01M2001/0246—Adjustable pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0253—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the pump driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0079—Oilsumps with the oil pump integrated or fixed to sump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/32—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having both the movement defined in groups F04C2/02 and relative reciprocation between co-operating members
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了带有电子油压控制装置的发动机油泵。带有电子油压控制装置的可变排量叶片泵可高效地泵送发动机油，并精确地调节发动机油压。所述可变排量油泵包括支撑在外壳中并围绕旋转轴线旋转的转子以及可移动地支撑在外壳中的滑环。多个叶片在转子和滑环之间延伸，以限定多个可变排量泵送室。电子驱动机构配置为将滑环相对于旋转轴线定位，并且控制器配置为驱动电子驱动机构以有选择性地定位滑环，从而调节滑环相对于旋转轴线的偏心度，使得泵送室的排量改变。

Description

带有电子油压控制装置的发动机油泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种向内燃发动机供应发动机油的可变排量油泵，更具体地说，本公开涉及一种具有可变地控制泵排量的电机的泵。
背景技术
发动机的润滑系统利用泵(例如可变排量叶片泵(VDVP))对润滑流体(例如油)加压，并将润滑流体分配至发动机润滑回路。这种泵通常采用转子，滑片、多个径向延伸的可滑动叶片以及腔体，该腔体可改变输送至润滑回路的流体的体积。滑片从转子偏心地偏置，以形成由叶片、转子和滑片的内表面限定的泵送室。默认情况下，压缩弹簧使滑片偏置，以产生大泵送室。
当发动机需要减少来自泵的油量或降低油压时，调压器将来自泵的油输出至泵中的调节室。调节室内的压力抵消弹簧的偏置力，将滑片移动至滑片的中心与转子的中心更密切地对正的位置。因而泵送室的尺寸减小。减小泵送室会减少从油池吸入泵中的油量，从而减少由泵输出的油量并降低油压。
如上所述，在泵排量的液压机械控制中，有多个影响因素起作用。滑片围绕枢轴销的转动受到三个力的影响：泵送室中的液压力；滑片弹簧的偏置力；以及调节室中的液压力。调节室的液压力取决于调节室内的油压，该油压由油压控制阀内的导阀控制。因此，液压力的调节受作用在导阀上的力的影响，包括导阀弹簧力、导阀液压力和电致磁力。另外，用于向调节室供油和从调节室排油的油压控制装置中的控制口的公差也会影响泵排量的控制。
但是，需要对可变排量叶片泵进行进一步改进，尤其是对在发动机润滑系统中使用的具有可移动滑片的可变排量叶片泵的油压控制进行进一步改进。此外，还需要进行其它改进，并实现期望的特征和特性，通过下文中结合附图和此处的背景技术提供的概述和详细说明以及所附权利要求，这些改进、特征和特性将变得显而易见。
发明内容
可变排量叶片泵通过精确定位用于调节泵排量的泵笼或环来提供电子油压控制功能，从而实现更高效地泵送发动机油，并改善发动机油压的调节。
在一种示例性实施方式中，所述可变排量油泵包括转子，该转子被支撑在外壳中，可围绕旋转轴线旋转。滑环被可移动地支撑在外壳中。多个叶片在转子和滑环之间延伸，以限定多个可变排量泵送室。电子驱动机构配置为将滑环相对于旋转轴线定位，并且控制器配置为驱动电子驱动机构以有选择性地定位滑环，从而调节滑环相对于旋转轴线的偏心度，使得泵送室的排量改变。
在另一种示例性实施方式中，内燃发动机包括安装在发动机缸体下方并具有用于容纳润滑油的油池的油底壳。可变排量油泵包括与油池流体连通以从其中吸油的入口、以及与润滑通道流体连通以向发动机部件供应加压油的出口。所述可变排量油泵包括转子，该转子被支撑在外壳中并围绕旋转轴线旋转。滑环被可移动地支撑在外壳中。多个叶片在转子和滑环之间延伸，以限定多个可变排量泵送室。电子驱动机构配置为将滑环相对于旋转轴线定位，并且控制器配置为驱动电子驱动机构以有选择性地定位滑环，从而调节滑环相对于旋转轴线的偏心度，使得泵送室的排量发生改变。
利用用于定位滑环的电子驱动机构实现的电子油压控制装置有利地提供更精确、更稳定的油压，并消除由液压产生的油压脉动。而且，所述发动机油润滑系统不限于最低期望油压，并且能够更快速地响应以提供期望的油压，特别是在冷态发动机起动条件下。因此，能够更轻松、更迅速地校准发动机油润滑系统，并且控制室和油压控制阀处的油流量/泄漏更少，这能减少燃料消耗。最后，在此公开的发动机油润滑系统简化了油泵部件，这能节省成本和/或减小封装空间。
附图说明
下面将结合以下附图来说明本公开，其中，相似的标号表示相似的元件。
图1是发动机的各个部分的横截面图，示出了连接在发动机油润滑系统中的泵安装架和驱动装置；
图2是可变排量叶片油泵的平面图，其中，外壳的顶盖被移除，以示出配置为使滑环枢转以改变油泵的排量的线性驱动机构；
图3是用于在变排量叶片泵中定位笼或环的简化电机控制装置的框图；
图4是图2所示的叶片油泵的平面图，该叶片油泵具有配置为使滑环枢转的旋转齿轮驱动机构；
图5是图2所示的叶片油泵的平面图，该叶片油泵具有配置为使滑环枢转的旋转凸轮机构；
图6是摆动滑片油泵的平面图，其中，外壳的顶盖被移除，以示出配置为使摆动笼枢转以改变油泵的排量的线性驱动电机；
图7是叶片油泵的平面图，其中，外壳的顶盖被移除，以示出配置为使滑环滑动以改变油泵的排量的线性驱动电机。
具体实施方式
下文的详细说明仅是示例性的，并不意图限制本发明或本申请，或限制本发明的用途。此外，不应受本发明的上述背景技术或以下详细说明中示出的任何理论的束缚。
现在参考附图，附图标记10一般表示本发明的各种实施方式的可变排量叶片发动机油泵。如下文中更全面的说明所述，可变排量叶片泵10通过用于调节泵排量的电机实现泵笼或泵环的精确控制，从而实现更高效地泵送发动机油并改善发动机油压的调节。
在图1中，可变排量叶片发动机油泵10被示为集成到具有气缸体16的汽车内燃发动机14的发动机油润滑系统12中。叶片泵10的泵壳18通过安装螺栓(未示出)附接至后主轴承盖20的底部。叶片泵10位于发动机油底壳22内的轴承盖20的下方。吸油管24伸入靠近油底壳22底部的油池26中，以常规方式从泵吸入油。
油压通道30穿过后主轴承盖20延伸到后主轴承32的后侧上的曲轴供油口，并且配有用于测量泵10的油压的油压传感器34。驱动轴36从靠近发动机气缸体16的上端的从动齿轮38延伸，并通过泵壳18向下延伸到叶片泵10中，并且在发动机14运转时，驱动轴36通过凸轮轴驱动齿轮40的旋转而被驱动。
在图2中，变排量叶片泵10的外壳18包括壁48。具有多个滑动叶片52的转子50在外壳18中可围绕固定轴线A旋转。滑动叶片52在内部接合滑环54，以限定滑环54内的泵送室56。叶片环(未示出)浮动在转子50的相对侧上的沉孔中，并与滑动叶片52的内缘接合，以帮助它们保持与滑环54的接触。在壳体18的入口侧形成有入口58，在壳体18的出口侧形成有出口60(以虚线示出)。两个口58、60在转子50的相对的底部侧和顶部侧与滑环54中的泵送室56连通。
附接至外壳18的入口侧的吸油管26连接至入口58，并在外壳18的下方朝远离外壳18的方向延伸。转子50由驱动轴36提供动力。转子50被驱动轴36驱动而旋转，这导致油被通过入口58吸入泵送室56中，并通过出口60从泵送室56排出。
滑环54被滑环枢轴62可枢转地保持为抵靠外壳18。滑臂64在与滑环枢轴62相对的位置处从滑环54向外延伸。滑臂64包括驱动安装架66。线性驱动机构68安装在外壳18中，并包括电子电机70和联接至驱动安装架66的线性致动器72。线性致动器72响应来自电机控制器76的控制信号(以虚线74表示)沿着其纵向轴线伸出或缩回，使得线性驱动机构68在滑臂64上施加力，导致滑环54围绕滑环枢轴62枢转。一旦这样定位后，滑环54就被线性驱动机构68保持就位，而不向电子电机70提供额外的动力。换言之，电机70仅在因需要进行油压调节而通电时才消耗电力。
虽然可为电机控制器76使用不同复杂度的不同控制算法，但是如图3所示的简单控制逻辑80通过电机70实现滑环54的精确定位，以调节泵排量，从而实现更高效地泵送发动机油，并改善发动机油压的调节。参考图3，电机控制器76在方框82处从适当的发动机传感器获取多种发动机运行参数，例如发动机转速、发动机载荷和发动机温度，并在方框84处基于这些运行参数确定所需的油压。电机控制器76还在方框86处从油压传感器34获取实测油压。在方框88处，基于所需的油压和实测油压计算误差值，并在PI控制器90中使用该误差值，并且基于误差值的比例项和积分项对控制信号74进行修正。在方框92处，控制逻辑80(尤其是PI控制器90)可考虑电机特性和动态状况，例如电压/电流、极性和应用时机。
现在参考图1和图2，叶片泵10集成到发动机14的油润滑系统12中，以高效地保持发动机油压。在发动机运行期间，凸轮轴驱动齿轮40转动驱动轴36，而驱动轴36又导致叶片泵10内的转子50围绕其轴线a转动。转子50的旋转导致油被从油池26通过吸油管24抽吸到泵送室56中，并通过出口60泵送至油润滑系统12。当发动机14和叶片泵10运行时，由叶片泵10产生油流。油压由油压传感器34测量，并且指示相对系统油压的信号被发送到电机控制器76，以确定叶片泵10是否提供所需的油压，或者是否需要进行调节。
滑环54可围绕滑环枢轴62枢转，以改变泵送室56的排量。泵10的排量与滑环54相对于转子50的轴线A的偏心度成比例。当泵10静止时，线性致动器72完全伸长，使得滑环54相对于转子50枢转到最大偏心度的位置，如图2所示。当泵10在滑环54处于此位置的状态下运转时，泵10的排量处于其最大值。若线性致动器72缩回，则滑环54朝远离最大偏心度位置的方向(图2中的逆时针方向)枢转。随着滑环54相对于转子50的偏心度减小，叶片泵10在每个旋转周期中泵送较少的油。因此，在驱动泵10所需的驱动轴36的扭矩成比例地减小的同时保持稳定的油压。当线性致动器72完全缩回时，滑环54的中心枢转到与转子50的轴线A对正的位置。在此位置，滑环54的偏心度为0％(即，从其最大偏心度变化100％)，并且泵10以零排量运转，因此不需要用于油泵的泄压阀。
现在参考图4，除了用于改变泵的排量的驱动机构之外，叶片泵10'基本上类似于结合图2说明的叶片泵10。叶片泵10'不使用线性驱动机构，而是包括安装在外壳18'中并可操作以定位滑环54'的旋转驱动机构68'。旋转驱动机构68'包括在滑环54'的外周上与滑环枢轴62'延伸的半径相切的位置处形成的扇形齿轮64'。小齿轮66'与扇形齿轮64'啮合。小齿轮66'可转动地联接至电子电机70'。电子电机70′响应来自电机控制器76'的控制信号(以虚线74'表示)转动小齿轮66'并驱动扇形齿轮64'，使滑环54'围绕滑环枢轴62'枢转。一旦这样定位后，滑环54'就被旋转驱动机构68'保持就位，而不向电子电机70'提供额外的动力。
尽管电子电机70'被示为直接驱动小齿轮66'，但是本领域技术人员能认识到，可以使用一组齿轮来实现减速和扭矩倍增。或者，可改变电机70'的朝向，从而使用蜗轮代替小齿轮66'。作为另一种替代方案，可将从动齿轮(即，扇形齿轮64')的位置改变至滑环54'或滑环枢轴62'上的另一适当位置，或者电子电机70'可直接转动滑环枢轴62'。
现在参考图5，除了用于改变泵的排量的驱动机构之外，叶片泵10"基本上类似于叶片泵10、10'。与叶片泵10类似的是，滑臂64"在与滑环枢轴62"相对的位置从滑环54"向外延伸。与叶片泵10'类似的是，旋转驱动机构68"安装在外壳18"中并可操作以定位滑环54"。旋转驱动机构68"包括可转动地联接至电子电机70"并与滑臂64"上的表面接合的凸轮66"。弹簧72"位于外壳18"和滑臂64"上的与凸轮66"相对的表面之间。弹簧72"可操作以保持滑臂64"与凸轮66"的接触。电子电机70"响应来自电机控制器76"的控制信号(以虚线74"表示)转动凸轮66"，以在滑臂64"上施加力，使滑环54'围绕滑环枢轴62'枢转。一旦这样定位后，滑环54'就被旋转驱动机构68'保持就位，而不向电子电机70'提供额外的动力。本领域技术人员能认识到，凸轮66"的凸角轮廓可构造为响应于凸轮66"的转动以成比例或非线性方式协调滑环54"的旋转。
在图6中，摆动式滑片泵110包括外壳112。转子114被可转动地支撑在外壳112中，并由位于固定轴线A上的驱动轴36驱动。转子114通过摆动叶片116可操作地连接至滑环118。滑环118可围绕滑环枢轴120枢转。摆动叶片116可枢转地安装在滑环118上的122处，并以可沿径向位移的方式容纳在转子114的槽124中。滑臂126在与滑环枢轴120相对的位置处从滑环118向外延伸。滑臂126包括驱动安装架128。
线性驱动机构130安装在外壳112中，并包括电子电机132和联接至驱动安装架128的线性致动器134。尽管在此实施方式中示出了线性驱动机构，但是本领域技术人员能认识到，叶片泵110可配置有如图4和/或图5所示和所述的旋转驱动机构。线性致动器134响应来自电机控制器138的控制信号(以虚线136表示)沿着其纵向轴线伸出或缩回，使得线性驱动机构130在滑臂126上施加力，导致滑环118围绕滑环枢轴120枢转。一旦这样定位后，滑环118就被线性驱动机构130保持就位，而不向电子电机132提供额外的动力。通过使滑环118围绕滑环枢轴120旋转，可改变转子114相对于滑环118的偏心度，从而控制摆动滑片泵110的排量。
在图7中，可变排量叶片泵210包括外壳212。转子214被可转动地支撑在外壳212中，并由位于固定轴线A上的驱动轴36驱动。转子214包括多个滑动叶片216，这些滑动叶片216在内部接合滑环218，以限定滑环218内的泵送室220。导引件222形成在滑环218的外周上，并容纳在布置于外壳212内的导引槽224中。在滑环218的周缘上与导引件222相对地形成有突出部226，该突出部226容纳在布置于外壳212内的相应凹部228中。导引件222和突出部226支撑滑环218在外壳212内的线性滑动。
线性驱动机构230安装在外壳212中，并包括电子电机232和联接至驱动安装架236的线性致动器234。尽管在此实施方式中示出了线性驱动机构，但是本领域技术人员能认识到，叶片泵210可配置有如图4和/或图5所示和所述的旋转驱动机构。线性致动器234响应于来自电机控制器240的控制信号(以虚线238表示)沿着其纵向轴线伸出或缩回，从而线性驱动机构230定位滑环218，以改变其相对于转子212的偏心度，从而改变叶片泵210的排量。一旦这样定位后，滑环218就被线性驱动机构240保持就位，而不向电子电机232提供额外的动力。
在上述实施方式中，驱动机构必须能够提供足够的运动范围(例如大约7-10毫米行程)以及足够的力和/或扭矩，以克服作用在滑环上的内部液压力和摩擦力。利用用于定位滑环的电子驱动机构实现的电子油压控制装置提供更精确、更稳定的油压，并消除由液压产生的油压脉动。而且，所述发动机油润滑系统不限于最低期望油压，并且能够更快速地响应以提供期望的油压，特别是在冷态发动机起动条件下。因此，能够更轻松、更迅速地校准发动机油润滑系统，并且油流量/泄漏量更少，这能减少燃料消耗。最后，在此公开的发动机油润滑系统简化了油泵部件，这能节省成本和/或减小封装空间。
虽然在上文的详细说明中给出了多种示例性实施方式，但是应理解，存在许多变化形式。还应理解，这些示例性实施方式仅仅是一些示例，并不意图以任何方式限制本发明的范围、适用性或构造。相反，上文的详细说明将为本领域技术人员提供实现示例性实施方式的便捷路线图，应理解，在不脱离如所附权利要求及其合法等同物所阐述的本发明的范围的前提下，能够对在示例性实施方式中描述的元件的功能和布置做出各种变化和/或组合。

Claims (15)

1.一种可变排量油泵，包括：
支撑在外壳中、可围绕旋转轴线旋转的转子；
可移动地支撑在外壳中的滑环；
在转子和滑环之间延伸的多个叶片，以限定多个可变排量泵送室；
电子驱动机构，其配置为相对于旋转轴线定位滑环；和
控制器，其配置为驱动电子驱动机构以有选择性地定位滑环，从而调节滑环相对于旋转轴线的偏心度，使得泵送室的排量发生变化。
2.如权利要求1所述的变排量油泵，其中，所述电子驱动机构包括电子电机和将电子电机联接至滑环以有选择性地定位滑环的驱动机构。
3.如权利要求2所述的可变排量油泵，其中，所述驱动机构包括可操作地联接在电子电机和滑环之间的线性致动器。
4.如权利要求2所述的可变排量油泵，其中，所述驱动机构包括由电子电机转动的驱动齿轮和联接至滑环并与驱动齿轮啮合的从动齿轮。
5.如权利要求2所述的可变排量油泵，其中，所述驱动机构包括可操作、可转动地联接至电子电机并与滑环接合的凸轮。
6.如权利要求2所述的变排量油泵，其中，所述滑环可枢转地联接至外壳，并可围绕滑环枢轴定位。
7.如权利要求6所述的可变排量油泵，还包括从滑环延伸的滑臂以及驱动安装架，该驱动安装架在电子电机与滑臂之间联接线性致动器，以使滑环围绕滑环枢轴旋转。
8.如权利要求6所述的可变排量油泵，其中，所述驱动机构包括由电子电机转动的驱动齿轮和联接至滑环并与驱动齿轮啮合以使滑环围绕滑环枢轴旋转的从动齿轮。
9.如权利要求8所述的可变排量油泵，其中，所述从动齿轮包括形成在滑环中的扇形齿轮。
10.如权利要求6所述的可变排量油泵，还包括从滑环延伸的滑臂以及可转动地联接至电子电机并与滑臂接合以使滑环围绕滑环枢轴旋转的凸轮。
11.一种内燃发动机，包括：
汽缸体，其具有用于将加压油供应至发动机的部件的润滑通道；
油底壳，其安装在发动机缸体下方，并具有用于容纳润滑油的油池；
可变排量油泵，其具有与油池流体连通以从其中吸取油的入口以及与润滑通道流体连通以向发动机部件供应加压油的出口，所述油泵包括：支撑在外壳中并围绕旋转轴线旋转的转子；可移动地支撑在外壳中的滑环；多个叶片，这些叶片在转子和滑环之间延伸，以限定多个可变排量泵送室，所述多个可变排量泵送室包括与所述入口流体连通的第一泵送室和与所述出口流体连通的第二泵送室；以及电子驱动机构，其配置为相对于所述转动轴线定位滑环；和
控制器，其配置为驱动电子驱动机构以有选择性地定位滑环，从而调节滑环相对于旋转轴线的偏心度，使得泵送室的排量发生变化。
12.如权利要求11所述的内燃发动机，其中，所述滑环可枢转地联接至外壳，并可围绕滑环枢轴定位。
13.如权利要求12所述的内燃发动机，还包括从滑环延伸的滑臂以及驱动安装架，该驱动安装架在电子电机与滑臂之间联接线性致动器，以使滑环围绕滑环枢轴旋转。
14.如权利要求12所述的内燃发动机，其中，所述驱动机构包括由电子电机转动的驱动齿轮和联接至滑环并与驱动齿轮啮合以使滑环围绕滑环枢轴旋转的从动齿轮。
15.如权利要求12所述的内燃发动机，还包括从滑环延伸的滑臂以及可转动地联接至电子电机并与滑臂接合以使滑环围绕滑环枢轴旋转的凸轮。
CN201810021535.5A 2017-02-10 2018-01-10 带有电子油压控制装置的发动机油泵 Pending CN108412759A (zh)

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