CN108411321B - Device and method for preparing ferrate by double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic cell - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing ferrate by double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic cell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for preparing ferrate by a double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic cell, which comprises: the electrolytic cell and a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane inside the electrolytic cell; the electrolytic bath is divided into three electrode chambers by a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and the three electrode chambers are a graphite electrode chamber, a wire mesh electrode chamber and an iron plate electrode chamber in sequence; the three electrode chambers are respectively provided with a graphite electrode, a wire mesh electrode and an iron plate electrode; the cation exchange membrane is positioned between the graphite electrode and the wire mesh electrode, and the anion exchange membrane is positioned between the wire mesh electrode and the iron plate electrode; the graphite electrode chamber, the wire mesh electrode chamber and the iron plate electrode chamber are respectively connected with a timing reversing device through leads, and the timing reversing device is connected with a direct current power supply. By using the periodically-commutated direct-current power supply, the problem that the current efficiency is reduced and the energy consumption is increased due to anode passivation in the process of preparing ferrate by an electrochemical method can be solved, and the current efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing ferrate by a double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic cell.
Background
Ferrate is generally referred to as an oxysalt containing +6 valence state iron, and is a selective, novel, efficient and multifunctional green oxidant. The ferrate has strong oxidizing property and selectivity, can selectively oxidize a plurality of organic matters, and the reduction product generated after the reaction is safe, non-toxic and pollution-free, is environment-friendly, does not cause secondary pollution to the environment, and can be effectively applied to the oxidation synthesis of the organic matters; ferrate integrates multiple effects of oxidation, adsorption, flocculation, disinfection and sterilization, has obviously better disinfection and sterilization effects than chlorine type oxidants, and can be applied to water treatment; in addition, the ferrate can also be used as a positive electrode material of the battery, the electrochemical performance of the ferroelectric battery is very excellent, the electrode potential and the theoretical electric capacity of the ferroelectric battery are higher than those of the traditional battery, the ferroelectric battery has a more stable discharge platform, and more importantly, the ferroelectric battery and wastes thereof cannot cause environmental pollution. In conclusion, the application of ferrate in organic synthesis technology, battery anode material and water treatmentHas great potential and receives more and more attention in recent years. In particular, in the field of water treatment in environmental protection, it is widely believed that ferrate is a novel water treatment agent following chlorine, hypochlorite and ozone, ferrate ions have strong oxidizing property, and particularly under an acidic condition, the oxidation-reduction potential of ferrate ions is higher than that of ozone and also higher than that of other traditional water treatment agents, so that the ferrate ions are a multifunctional, non-toxic and efficient water treatment agent, are more suitable for water treatment than the traditional water treatment agents, and have many incomparable advantages: 1. the reduction product is Fe (OH)3The paint is non-toxic and harmless, and does not cause secondary pollution to the environment; 2. has the functions of oxidation, adsorption, flocculation, sterilization, disinfection and the like; 3. the pH value range has good effect; 4. convenient operation, high oxidation speed and strong bactericidal power.
Ferrate enables more efficient oxidative removal of organic contaminants. Ferrate can also effectively oxidize and remove inorganic pollutants such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, cyanide and the like in water; ferrate is used as a water treatment agent, and also has the functions of sterilization and disinfection; ferrate is reduced to generate Fe (OH) in the process of oxidizing and removing pollutants and microorganisms in water3And (3) trivalent iron compound, and Fe (OH) produced3The ferric iron compounds not only have no toxic action on human bodies, but also have flocculation effect, and can effectively flocculate and adsorb to remove harmful substances and cell suspended matters in water, particularly nano-scale suspended particles; ferrate can also remove some metal ions in water through flocculation and can also be used for removing radioactive elements in water, and PottS et al have found that the initial activity of radioactive elements is obviously reduced by treating waste water containing Am and Pu with ferrate.
At present, the preparation process of ferrate mainly comprises three processes: chemical wet oxidation, electrochemical oxidation and thermochemical oxidation.
The chemical wet oxidation method mainly refers to a hypohalite oxidation method, the preparation process needs to be controlled to be carried out at a lower temperature, and the operation procedure is very complicated; the content of hypochlorite in the used hypochlorite solution is too low (only about 20 percent), and the hypochlorite solution is easy to decompose; is accompanied by the reaction processFe(OH)3The generated ferrate can be catalytically decomposed, so a large amount of raw materials are consumed in the hypochlorite oxidation preparation process, and the yield of the ferrate is low; the disadvantage of the hypochlorite oxidation process is that it is difficult to scale up the production because the hypochlorite oxidation process uses toxic and corrosive chlorine gas throughout the production process, which requires high airtightness and corrosion resistance of the reaction equipment, and by-products generated during the reaction process cause severe environmental pollution.
In the process of preparing ferrate by an electrochemical oxidation method, a layer of passive film is slowly formed on the surface of an anode, so that further electrolysis is prevented, and the current efficiency of synthesizing ferrate by electrolysis is gradually reduced along with the prolonging of time, so that the total current efficiency is also reduced; the method has high power consumption, and byproducts can be generated if reaction conditions are not well controlled, particularly the electrolysis efficiency is low and the product purity is low because of the anode surface passivation phenomenon which is easy to occur when an iron polar plate is adopted; in addition, the complex purification process after ferrate generation has high requirements on equipment and process conditions. Therefore, the current electrolysis process can not meet the requirement of industrial production of ferrate; in addition, the factors influencing the current efficiency of the electrolytic preparation of ferrate are: the concentration of the alkali used in the electrolyte, the temperature of the electrolyte, the apparent current density of the anode, and the like.
When the thermochemical oxidation method is used for preparing ferrate, a large amount of heat is released in the reaction process, the danger of explosion is caused, and the operation conditions need to be strictly controlled, so that the current report on the preparation method is less.
In conclusion, among the three methods for preparing ferrate, the direct current electrolytic preparation method has more development potential due to a plurality of advantages, and a prominent problem in the process of preparing ferrate by the method is that the current efficiency is reduced and the energy consumption is increased due to the passivation of an anode plate, so that the wide application of the method is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing ferrate preparation technology, the invention provides a device and a method for preparing ferrate by using a double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic cell.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an apparatus for producing ferrate in a double membrane triple chamber electrolyzer, the apparatus comprising: the electrolytic cell and a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane inside the electrolytic cell;
the electrolytic bath is divided into three electrode chambers by a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and the three electrode chambers are a graphite electrode chamber, a wire mesh electrode chamber and an iron plate electrode chamber in sequence; the three electrode chambers are respectively provided with a graphite electrode, a wire mesh electrode and an iron plate electrode; the cation exchange membrane is positioned between the graphite electrode and the wire mesh electrode, and the anion exchange membrane is positioned between the wire mesh electrode and the iron plate electrode; the graphite electrode chamber, the wire mesh electrode chamber and the iron plate electrode chamber are respectively connected with a timing reversing device through leads, and the timing reversing device is connected with a direct current power supply.
The side wall of the electrolytic cell is provided with a jacket, and the inside of the electrolytic cell is provided with a temperature sensor.
The wire mesh electrode chamber is internally provided with a stirring device.
The timing reversing device comprises a timing electromagnetic relay, a common three-loop electromagnetic relay, a connecting wire and a control circuit, can set the reversing time and the starting electrode of periodic reversing according to needs, can adjust the current and the voltage in the loop, and adopts a constant-current or constant-voltage mode to provide power for the reaction device.
A method for preparing ferrate by a double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic bath,
the device is adopted and carried out according to the following steps:
1) placing a NaOH solution with the concentration of 15-35mol/L into an electrolytic tank, and immersing a graphite electrode, an iron wire mesh electrode and an iron plate electrode into the NaOH solution;
2) respectively supplying power to the graphite electrode, the wire mesh electrode and the iron plate electrode through a direct current power supply; in the operation process, firstly, a graphite electrode and a wire gauze electrode form a loop, the wire gauze electrode is used as an anode, the graphite electrode is used as a cathode, electrolysis is carried out on the graphite electrode serving as a cathode after electrification under the conditions of the electrolysis temperature of 25 ℃, the electrolysis voltage of 4-12V and the electrolysis time of 60-420min to prepare sodium ferrate, wherein the stirring speed in a wire gauze electrode chamber is 750 rad/min; the temperature of NaOH solution in the electrolytic bath is realized by introducing hot water into a jacket on the side wall of the electrolytic bath;
3) obtaining dissolved ferrate in a wire mesh electrode chamber, namely an anode chamber; after electrolysis, soluble sodium ferrate is obtained in the anode chamber, and the concentration is 0.10-0.15 mol/L; continuously adding a saturated NaOH solution into the solution in the anode chamber, then beginning to separate out part of the sodium ferrate crystals, and drying the filtered crystals to obtain sodium ferrate solid particles;
4) in the electrolysis process, firstly, a graphite electrode and a wire gauze electrode form an electrode pair to realize the preparation of ferrate by an electrochemical method, wherein the wire gauze electrode is an anode and the graphite electrode is a cathode; during electrolysis, the anode chamber consumes a large amount of OH-Sodium ferrate is generated in the anode chamber, and a passivation film is gradually generated on the surface of the wire mesh electrode; the condition experiment shows that the electrolytic current is obviously reduced when the electrolysis is carried out for 30-40min, the observation of an electron microscope shows that a passivation film begins to be generated on the surface of the wire netting electrode, and the electrolytic current is reduced to be nearly zero when the electrolysis time is prolonged to 55-65 min; in order to avoid the influence of anode passivation on the generation of ferrate, when the electrolysis time is about 30min, the current direction of the wire netting electrode is adjusted to be used as an electrolysis cathode, and meanwhile, the iron plate electrode is used as an anode, and the reverse current is used for eliminating a passivation film of the wire netting electrode so as to restore the original electrochemical activity of the wire netting electrode; at this time, the iron plate electrode is used as an anode, sodium ferrate is also generated in NaOH solution, and OH in the iron plate electrode chamber is simultaneously generated-Can enter a wire mesh electrode chamber through an anion exchange membrane under the action of an electric field to eliminate consumed OH-Supplementing; after reverse electrification for 10-20min, the passive film on the surface of the wire mesh electrode is formedCompletely eliminated to obtain OH in the solution-The ions are supplemented, at the moment, the current direction of the electrode is changed again, the wire mesh electrode is still used as the anode, the graphite electrode is used as the cathode, and the sodium ferrate is continuously produced in the wire mesh electrode chamber; after the whole production process is finished, sodium ferrate is generated in the iron plate electrode chamber and the iron wire mesh electrode chamber, and the difference is that the product quantity is different, namely the concentration of sodium ferrate solution in the two electrode chambers is different; and respectively adding saturated NaOH solutions into the two electrode chambers to separate out sodium ferrate crystals, filtering and drying to obtain the sodium ferrate solid particles.
By adopting the reversing direct-current power supply and periodically changing the positive and negative polarities of the power supply, the passivation film on the surface of the passivated metal anode can disappear in the electrolytic process, the metal anode losing activity recovers the activity again, and the most main problem of energy consumption increase in the preparation process of the ferrate electrolytic method, namely the passivation problem of the anode plate, is solved by utilizing the reversing power supply, so that the efficiency is improved; by utilizing the three-chamber double-diaphragm three-electrode electrolysis device, the problem of anode passivation is solved by utilizing a reversing power supply, and meanwhile, by utilizing the design of the three-chamber double-diaphragm and the double anode, the original anode becomes a cathode when a reversing current passes through the original anode, the rest metal iron anodes start to work, the iron anodes are electrolyzed in the whole electrolysis process, enough iron ions are provided, the original anode passivation film is continuously reversed after being eliminated, so that the original anode passivation film becomes the anode again to continuously provide the iron ions, the whole device is continuously produced, the efficiency is improved, and various organic wastewater can be treated by utilizing the ferrate generated by the device.
The device and the method have the following advantages:
1. the reversing power supply and the three-chamber double-diaphragm three-electrode electrolysis device designed by the invention utilize the cathode activation theory and use the periodic reversing direct-current power supply, so that the problem of reduction of current efficiency and increase of energy consumption caused by anode passivation in the process of preparing ferrate by an electrochemical method can be avoided, and the current efficiency is improved.
2. The device adopts a three-chamber double-diaphragm three-electrode structure, and the double-iron anode is firstly made by adjusting the current direction and utilizing two ion exchange membranes between the three chambersUninterrupted electrolysis, namely, the original anode is passivated and eliminated by a reversing power supply, and meanwhile, the other iron anode can be used for working, so that the efficiency is improved; simultaneously can utilize OH in the working process of the iron plate electrode chamber-Ions can migrate under the action of an electric field to the wire-mesh electrode chamber to replenish the OH consumed-And the efficiency of the main production process is ensured.
3. The device adopts the three-chamber three-electrode device, wherein the current direction and the working anode electrode are periodically changed, so that the problem that the loop current is increased by the resistance of the electrolyte, the loop current is increased, the energy consumption is reduced and the energy consumption is increased, which is easily caused by the fact that a large amount of hydrogen is generated near a cathode chamber and cannot overflow in time in the conventional double-chamber electrolysis process, the problem that the energy consumption is increased by inhibiting the further electrolysis due to overhigh concentration of iron ions near an anode caused by continuous electrolysis of a single-anode device can be avoided, and the energy consumption is reduced in many aspects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an apparatus for producing ferrate in a double-membrane three-compartment electrolyzer in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a periodic reversing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention for a commutation period pair Na2FeO4Generating an impact profile of the situation;
FIG. 4 shows an anode chamber Na of wire netting in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention2FeO4Time-dependent concentration profile;
FIG. 5 shows the reaction temperature vs. Na in the examples of the present invention2FeO4Resulting in a graph of the effect.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1-5 and examples; the anion-cation exchange membrane adopted in the embodiment of the invention is an ion exchange membrane prepared by PBI powder purchased from the market, and phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide are respectively adopted to modify the ion exchange membrane, so that the ion exchange membrane has anion exchange function and cation exchange function.
An apparatus for producing ferrate in a double membrane triple chamber electrolyzer, the apparatus comprising: an electrolytic cell 1, a cation exchange membrane 2 and an anion exchange membrane 3 inside the electrolytic cell;
the electrolytic cell is divided into three electrode chambers by a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, NaOH solution 11 is filled in the three electrode chambers, and the three electrode chambers are a graphite electrode chamber, a wire mesh electrode chamber and an iron plate electrode chamber in sequence; the three electrode chambers are respectively provided with a graphite electrode 4, a wire mesh electrode 5 and an iron plate electrode 6; wherein the cation exchange membrane 4 is positioned between the graphite electrode 4 and the wire mesh electrode 5, and the anion exchange membrane 3 is positioned between the wire mesh electrode 5 and the iron plate electrode 6; the graphite electrode chamber, the wire mesh electrode chamber and the iron plate electrode chamber are respectively connected with a timing reversing device 9 through leads, and the timing reversing device 9 is connected with a direct current power supply 10.
The side wall of the electrolytic cell is provided with a jacket 7, and the inside of the electrolytic cell is provided with a temperature sensor.
The wire netting electrode indoor portion is equipped with agitating unit 8, and agitating unit adopts electronic stirring rod.
The timing reversing device comprises a timing electromagnetic relay, a common three-loop electromagnetic relay, a connecting wire and a control circuit, can set the reversing time and the starting electrode of periodic reversing according to needs, can adjust the current and the voltage in the loop, and adopts a constant-current or constant-voltage mode to provide power for the reaction device.
The control circuit adopts a double-pole double-throw switch, when the double-pole double-throw switch is arranged at the upper part, the two ends of A, B are connected, and at the moment, B is an anode and is connected with a wire mesh electrode; the end A is a cathode and is connected with a graphite electrode; the two chambers on the left side form a working double chamber, ferrate is generated in the middle chamber where the wire mesh electrode is located, the generated sodium ferrate is extracted when the passivation reaction of the wire mesh electrode is nearly stopped, the switch is switched to the lower end at the moment, the end B is communicated with the end C, the end B serves as a cathode, the iron plate electrode on the end C serves as an anode, the sodium ferrate is generated in the chamber on the right side, meanwhile, the metal passivation film on the wire mesh electrode starts to dissolve, and the electrifying capacity is recovered; after a period of power-on, the switch automatically switches to upper connection again, and the operation is repeated. The automatic switching process of the switch is set and controlled by a timing relay.
The wire mesh electrode and the iron plate electrode adopted in the embodiment of the invention are made of gray iron, cast iron or white iron.
The timing reversing device adopted in the embodiment of the invention is self-made, is composed of a clock relay, an electromagnetic relay, a timing device and the like, is connected with a direct current stabilized voltage supply, and then is used for periodically changing the current direction after different time is set according to requirements so as to supply power for the reaction device.
When the prepared sodium ferrate is dissolved in a NaOH solution and the concentration of the sodium ferrate is measured, according to the characteristic that the sodium ferrate has a characteristic absorption peak at 505nm, an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer is utilized, and a direct spectrophotometry method is adopted for measuring, in order to apply the prepared sodium ferrate to a water treatment process, the anode chamber solution can be directly taken out, the concentration of the sodium ferrate is measured, and according to the treatment requirement, the sodium ferrate solution is directly added into the wastewater, and the parameters such as the adding amount, the pH value and the like are changed according to the treatment effect, so that the optimal treatment effect is obtained; or adding sufficient NaOH into the anode chamber to separate out sodium ferrate particles, filtering and drying the separated sodium ferrate solid particles, and testing the crystal structure of the sodium ferrate solid particles by means of X-ray diffraction and the like to determine the type and the purity of the sodium ferrate solid particles.
Example 1
Placing 250mL of 20mol/L NaOH solution in three electrolytic chambers, controlling the electrolytic temperature at about 25 ℃ and the applied current intensity at 2A, and testing Na obtained in the wire mesh electrode chamber and the iron plate electrode chamber by adopting different reversing periods respectively2FeO4Concentration condition, and investigation of commutation period vs. Na2FeO4The effect of the situation is generated as shown in fig. 3.
Example 2
Placing 250mL NaOH solutions with different concentrations as electrolyte in three electrolytic chambers, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte at 35 deg.C, electrolyzing under the condition of external current of 2A, reversing for 10min, and preparing Na under different concentrations2FeO4The concentrations are shown in FIG. 4, from which it can be seen that Na is obtained in the anode compartment of the wire netting when the electrolysis time is 4h and the NaOH concentration is 18mol/L2FeO4The maximum concentration is 88.7 mmol.L-1Left and right. At the moment, the iron plate is electrifiedNa obtained from the polar chamber2FeO4The concentration is 53.4 mmol.L-1。
Example 3
Placing 250mL of 18mol/LNaOH solution as electrolyte in the iron wire mesh and iron plate anode chamber, introducing hot water with different temperatures into the interlayer of the reaction tank to control the electrolyte to react at different temperatures, wherein the applied current is 2A, the reversing period is 10min, and Na is contained in the iron wire mesh anode chamber2FeO4(ii) a The concentration profile with temperature at different times is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 5, Na was observed at 15 ℃ and 25 ℃ as the reaction time increased2FeO4(ii) a The concentration is gradually increased, wherein Na is at 25 DEG C2FeO4(ii) a The concentration reaches the maximum when the reaction time is 5 hours, and then gradually decreases; at a temperature of 35 ℃ Na2FeO4(ii) a The concentration increases and then decreases, and Na increases with temperature2FeO4(ii) a The shorter the time required for the concentration to reach a maximum. As can be seen from FIG. 5, Na was synthesized by the present method2FeO4(ii) a The preferable temperature range is about 35 ℃, and Na obtained by the iron wire mesh anode chamber when reacting for 4 hours2FeO4The maximum concentration is 88.7 mmol.L-1About, Na in the iron plate anode chamber at this time2FeO4(ii) a The concentration was about 53.4 mmol/L.
Claims (5)
1. A device for preparing ferrate by a double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic bath is characterized in that,
the device comprises: the electrolytic cell and a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane inside the electrolytic cell;
the electrolytic bath is divided into three electrode chambers by a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and the three electrode chambers are a graphite electrode chamber, a wire mesh electrode chamber and an iron plate electrode chamber in sequence; the three electrode chambers are respectively provided with a graphite electrode, a wire mesh electrode and an iron plate electrode; the cation exchange membrane is positioned between the graphite electrode and the wire mesh electrode, and the anion exchange membrane is positioned between the wire mesh electrode and the iron plate electrode; the graphite electrode chamber, the wire mesh electrode chamber and the iron plate electrode chamber are respectively connected with a timing reversing device through leads, and the timing reversing device is connected with a direct current power supply.
2. The device for preparing ferrate in the double-membrane three-chamber electrolyzer of claim 1,
the side wall of the electrolytic cell is provided with a jacket, and the inside of the electrolytic cell is provided with a temperature sensor.
3. The device for preparing ferrate in the double-membrane three-chamber electrolyzer of claim 1,
the wire mesh electrode chamber is internally provided with a stirring device.
4. The device for preparing ferrate in the double-membrane three-chamber electrolyzer of claim 1,
the timing reversing device comprises a timing electromagnetic relay, a common three-loop electromagnetic relay, a connecting wire and a control circuit, can set the reversing time and the starting electrode of periodic reversing according to needs, can adjust the current and the voltage in the loop, and adopts a constant-current or constant-voltage mode to provide power for the reaction device.
5. A method for preparing ferrate by a double-membrane three-chamber electrolytic cell is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
1) placing a NaOH solution with the concentration of 15-35mol/L into an electrolytic tank, and immersing a graphite electrode, an iron wire mesh electrode and an iron plate electrode into the NaOH solution;
2) respectively supplying power to the graphite electrode, the wire mesh electrode and the iron plate electrode through a direct current power supply; in the operation process, firstly, a graphite electrode and a wire gauze electrode form a loop, the wire gauze electrode is used as an anode, the graphite electrode is used as a cathode, electrolysis is carried out on the graphite electrode serving as a cathode after electrification under the conditions of the electrolysis temperature of 25 ℃, the electrolysis voltage of 4-12V and the electrolysis time of 60-420min to prepare sodium ferrate, wherein the stirring speed in a wire gauze electrode chamber is 750 rad/min; the temperature of NaOH solution in the electrolytic bath is realized by introducing hot water into a jacket on the side wall of the electrolytic bath;
3) obtaining dissolved ferrate in a wire mesh electrode chamber, namely an anode chamber; after electrolysis, soluble sodium ferrate is obtained in the anode chamber, and the concentration is 0.10-0.15 mol/L; continuously adding a saturated NaOH solution into the solution in the anode chamber, then beginning to separate out part of the sodium ferrate crystals, and drying the filtered crystals to obtain sodium ferrate solid particles;
4) during the electrolysis, when the electrolysis time is 30min, the current direction of the wire mesh electrode is adjusted to be used as an electrolysis cathode, and the iron plate electrode is used as an anode, at the same time, the iron plate electrode is used as an anode, sodium ferrate begins to be generated in NaOH solution, and OH in the iron plate electrode chamber is simultaneously used as OH-Can enter a wire mesh electrode chamber through an anion exchange membrane under the action of an electric field to eliminate consumed OH-Supplementing; after reverse electrification for 10-20min, OH in the solution-Supplementing ions, changing the current direction of the electrode again, using the wire mesh electrode as an anode and the graphite electrode as a cathode, and continuously producing sodium ferrate in the wire mesh electrode chamber; sodium ferrate is generated in the iron plate electrode chamber and the wire mesh electrode chamber, saturated NaOH solution is respectively added into the two electrode chambers, sodium ferrate crystals are separated out, and the sodium ferrate solid particles can be prepared by filtering and drying.
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| RU196524U1 (en) * | 2019-10-03 | 2020-03-03 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Экотех» | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING ALKALINE SOLUTION FERRAT (VI) SODIUM |
| EP3885471B1 (en) | 2020-03-24 | 2023-07-19 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Improved method for the preparation of sodium alcoholates |
| CN111547901B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-06-29 | 中南大学 | In-situ generated hydrogen peroxide and ferrate coupling water treatment deep purification device and treatment method |
| CN111903268A (en) * | 2020-08-15 | 2020-11-10 | 宁夏农林科学院 | Alkali extraction machine for treating saline-alkali soil |
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| CN103741162A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-23 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for preparing potassium ferrate by asymmetric alternating current electrolysis |
| CN104862730A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-08-26 | 广东航鑫科技股份公司 | Method for preparing potassium permanganate through ion-membrane electrolysis and special electrolytic bath applied to same |
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