CN108409257A - A kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108409257A CN108409257A CN201810530704.8A CN201810530704A CN108409257A CN 108409257 A CN108409257 A CN 108409257A CN 201810530704 A CN201810530704 A CN 201810530704A CN 108409257 A CN108409257 A CN 108409257A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite materials and preparation method thereof.Its constituent and its weight part ratio are：525 20 ~ 30 parts of white cements, 40 ~ 60 parts of quartz sand, 18 ~ 20 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 ~ 12 parts of flyash, 5 ~ 15 parts of chitosan nano gel, 3 ~ 5 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, 1 ~ 10 part of pitchstone glass bead, 0.5 ~ 2 part of PVA celluloses, 6 ~ 8 parts of ionic liquid, 10 ~ 12 parts of agricultural residues powder, 3 ~ 6 parts of clay, 3 ~ 5 parts of diatomite, 3 ~ 5 parts of maleic anhydride, 1 ~ 3 part of whisker, 3 ~ 6 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of cellulose ether, 0.3 ~ 2 part of redispersable latex powder, 0.1 ~ 3 part of high efficiency water reducing agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of inorganic pigment, 60 ~ 70 parts of water；Maleic anhydride, clay, diatomite, PVA celluloses are prepared into composite material first, then product is can be obtained with the mixing of other raw materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material field, specifically a kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
Cement-base composite material is using portland cement as matrix, with alkali-resistant glass fibre, general synthetic fibers, various potteries
Porcelain fiber, carbon and aramid fiber grade high performance fibers, wire and natural plant fibre and mineral fibres are reinforcement, and addition is filled out
The composite material that material, chemical assistant and water are constituted through combination process, toughness and intensity are high, and performance ratio general concrete is good.
Soil cement has many advantages, such as that performance is good as a kind of new construction material, cheap, in water conservancy, building, mine
Middle use has the function of antiseepage, earth-retaining, reinforcing, using having the function of improvement reinforcing etc. in roadbed, has a wide range of application.But
Be after common cement-based material solidification be porous material, can exist in use low tensile strength, poor corrosion resistance,
The shortcomings of strength development is slow, anti-permeability performance is poor, under the action of the substances such as external substance light, water, acid rain, service life meeting
The phenomenon that substantially reducing, being susceptible to cracking and infiltration, affects its use.
The permeability of cement-base composite material refer to gas, liquid or ion be under pressure, the effect of chemical energy or electric field
Under infiltration in cement-base composite material, diffusion, migration complexity.The durability of cement-base composite material is largely
The upper harmful ion that depends on is using water is media migration or to be diffused into cement-base composite material be possibility.Therefore, cement base is compound
The permeability of material has close relationship with durability, and improving the permeability resistance of cement-base composite material, can to effectively improve its resistance to
Long property, the infiltrative cement-base composite material of highly resistance can effectively improve its service life, compound to effectively improve cement base
The application value of material.
Chinese Patent Application No.：201510528142.X patent name：Impervious cement column and preparation method thereof.The hair
Bright patent discloses a kind of impervious cement column, which contains cement, building stones, sand, flyash, micro- silicon
Powder, plant fiber, polypropylene, polyurethane, water and water-reducing agent.The invention additionally provides a kind of impervious cement
Preparation method, the preparation method include：(1) by cement, building stones, sand, flyash, SILICA FUME, plant fiber, polypropylene, poly-
Methyl carbamate, water and water-reducing agent are mixed to prepare concrete；(2) by concreting to framework of steel reinforcement, then maintenance is made
Obtain impervious cement column.
Invention content
A kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material of present invention offer and preparation method thereof, cement-base composite material tool
There is excellent anti-permeability performance, while the toughness and intensity of cement-base composite material can be significantly improved, there is higher application
Value.
The scheme of the invention is realize in this way：
A kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material, each constituent and its weight part ratio are：525 white cements 20 ~ 30
Part, 40 ~ 60 parts of quartz sand, 18 ~ 20 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 ~ 12 parts of flyash, 5 ~ 15 parts of chitosan nano gel, polyacrylate
3 ~ 5 parts of lotion, 1 ~ 10 part of pitchstone glass bead, 0.5 ~ 2 part of PVA celluloses, 6 ~ 8 parts of ionic liquid, agricultural residues powder 10 ~
12 parts, 3 ~ 6 parts of clay, 3 ~ 5 parts of diatomite, 3 ~ 5 parts of maleic anhydride, 1 ~ 3 part of whisker, 3 ~ 6 parts of silane coupling agent, cellulose ether
0.5 ~ 2 part, 0.3 ~ 2 part of redispersable latex powder, 0.1 ~ 3 part of high efficiency water reducing agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of inorganic pigment, 60 ~ 70 parts of water.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the whisker is magnesium hydroxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide whisker, calcium carbonate crystal whisker
According to 1:1:1 weight ratio mixing.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the agricultural crop straw in the agricultural residues powder is straw, sugarcane, jade
The combination of one or more of rice, wheat.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the high efficiency water reducing agent is naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent, polycarboxylic acids high efficiency
The combination of one or both of water-reducing agent.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, aqueous sulfuric acid that the acidic aqueous solution is 3% ~ 5%
Any one of or combination thereof solution.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the ionic liquid be 1- butyl -3- methylimidazoles hexafluorophosphate from
The combination of one or both of sub- liquid, 1- butyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids.
A method of preparing highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material, including following preparation process：
(1) it is crushed after taking agricultural crop straw to dry, the agricultural crop straw after crushing is positioned in charing furnace apparatus and is carried out
Charing, setting carbonization temperature are 300 ~ 350 DEG C, and carbonization time is 80 ~ 90min, finally by the crops stalk crushing after charing
Agricultural residues powder is obtained at 100 ~ 150 mesh；
(2) preparation of chitosan nano gel：Chitosan dissolved with acidic aqueous solution to obtain chitosan solution, it will be cyclic annular
The aqueous solution that dextrin is added to the sodium hydroxide of 10% concentration is stirred and is prepared into cyclodextrin aqueous slkali, by cyclodextrin aqueous slkali
It is slowly added dropwise into chitosan solution and is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor, reacted after pH of mixed is adjusted to 6.0 ~ 9.0, if
It is 40 ~ 60 DEG C to set reaction temperature, and the reaction time is 10 ~ 12h, and reaction mixing speed is 100 ~ 120r/min, and product is steamed with a large amount of
Distilled water is washed, then drying to obtain chitosan nano gel；
(3) preparation of modified clay/diatomite composite material：It takes 3 ~ 5 parts of maleic anhydride to be put into reaction kettle, is added 30 ~ 50 parts
Deionized water is configured to slurry liquid, and 30min is dispersed with stirring at being 60 DEG C in temperature, and setting reaction kettle rotating speed is 450 ~ 500r/
Then 3 ~ 6 parts of clay, 3 ~ 5 parts of diatomite are added in the slurry liquid disperseed by min, keep temperature and rotating speed constant, stirring
Disperse 3 ~ 4h, then cool the temperature to as room temperature, stand, filter, dry 2 ~ 3h, then grinds at 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and sieving is changed
Property clay/diatomite composite material；
(4) preparation of PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material：Modified clay/diatomite composite material is scattered in
Suspension is formed in deionized water, it is 90 ~ 95 DEG C to keep suspension temperature, and 0.5 ~ 2 part of PVA celluloses is taken to be slowly added to suspension
In be stirred to react 2 ~ 3h and obtain mixed liquor, setting mixing speed is 100 ~ 120r/min, then cools the temperature to 50 ~ 60 DEG C of dryings
It is 15 ~ 20% to water content, then is ground, is sieved and obtains PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material, PVA fibers/
Clay/diatomite nano composite material particle size is 20 ~ 40 mesh；
(5) 20 ~ 30 parts of 525 white cement, 40 ~ 60 parts of quartz sand, 18 ~ 20 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 ~ 12 parts of flyash, crops straw are taken
1 ~ 3 part of 10 ~ 12 parts of stalk powder, whisker dry mixing mix 2 ~ 3min, and setting dry mixing rotating speed is 100 ~ 120r/min, and it is fine that PVA is then added
Dimension/clay/diatomite nano composite material, 5 ~ 15 parts of chitosan nano gel, 3 ~ 5 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, pitchstone glass
1 ~ 10 part of microballon of change, 6 ~ 8 parts of ionic liquid, 3 ~ 6 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of cellulose ether, redispersable latex powder 0.3 ~
2 parts are stirred, and setting speed of agitator is 500 ~ 600r/min, and mixing time, which is 12 ~ 15min, makes it be uniformly mixed, and finally adds
Enter 0.1 ~ 3 part of high efficiency water reducing agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of inorganic pigment, 90 ~ 100 parts of water, low whipping speed is to be stirred under 150 ~ 200r/min
18 ~ 20min obtains high-impermeable permeability cement-base composite material.
The technical principle that the present invention realizes is：
Fiber cement composites are added after agricultural crop straw is processed into powdered carbon in the present invention, and fibre cement can be promoted compound
The mobility of material improves the density of fiber cement composites, while can also realize the sharp again of waste material
With effectively improving environmental protection.The chitosan nano gel-compatible being prepared is good, can have it is preferably compatible with raw material,
It can improve the interfacial structure of water base composite material, effectively improve cement base in the hole of filling concrete based composites simultaneously
The anti-permeability performance of composite material, while improving intensity and durability.It is to use that the addition of flyash, which can reduce cement raw material, section
About cost.Clay and diatomite are modified using maleic anhydride, the phase of clay and diatomite and PVA celluloses can be improved
Capacitive, then PVA celluloses and clay, diatomite are prepared into nanocomposite, make clay, diatomite and PVA cellulose phases
Mutually crosslinking, forms the dispersion of uniform and delicate, PVA celluloses can be effectively improved the flexibility of composite material, clay and diatomite
Part shock resistance energy can be effectively absorbed, the whisker of addition can be acted on by bridge joint to be interspersed in cement-base composite material,
The mutual synergistic effect of PVA celluloses, clay, diatomite whisker, can increase substantially cement-base composite material toughness and
Intensity can also make cement-base composite material have excellent gas barrier properties, can reduce the material permeances such as vapor after compound,
To make cement-base composite material that there is higher impermeability.The ionic liquid of addition, renewable dispersed latex powder can be effective
Promote the compatibility between raw material, improves the adhesive property of cement-base composite material, prevent same in new and old cement-base composite material
When generate sliding phenomenon when using, reduce the generation of cracking phenomena, improve the service life of material.Ionic liquid can rise simultaneously
To certain flame retardant property.Polyacrylate dispersion can improve the penetrating power of chlorion in cement-base composite material, to
Improve protection cement-base composite material impermeabilisation, corrosion resistance.Pitchstone glass bead can effectively improve the easy flowing of mortar
Property and from anti-intensity, the shrinking percentage of cement-base composite material is reduced, in addition, pitchstone glass bead and ionic liquid interact
The fire protecting performance of cement-base composite material can also be effectively improved, the pernicious gas that high temperature generates is reduced.The titanium dioxide of addition is also
Bactericidal effect can be reached by the effect of light, to reduce harm of the germ to human body in environment.Each original through the invention
The mutual synergistic effect of material is capable of the toughness and intensity of effective reinforcing fiber cement-base composite material, to effectively improve fiber
The application value of cement-base composite material.
The present invention has following good result：
1. the highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material materials compatibility that the present invention is prepared is good, the items that can be effectively improved
Performance, fire-protection rating are A grades, and toughness and intensity are high, can be applicable to the various decoration fields of indoor and outdoor and heat preservation water resistance is strong, impervious
Permeability can be good, and service life is long.
2. 2. the highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material infiltration coefficient that the present invention is prepared is 2.26 ~ 2.4510- 9Cm/s, cracking strength are 3.82 ~ 4.01MPa, and tensile strength is 4.13 ~ 4.17MPa, 9946 ~ 9975 μ ε of maximum stretching strain, bullet
Property modulus be 39.96 ~ 41.04GPa, energy to failure be 1070.15 ~ 1075.22N.m–1, toughness index is 30.68 ~ 32.06, peak value
Load is 29.87 ~ 31.03kN, and bending tensile strength is 11.89 ~ 12.67MPa, and shrinkage is 148 × 10-6~152×10-6,
Fire-protection rating is A grades, and obtained highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material properties have due to commercially available similar field product
Higher application value.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material of the description present invention and preparation method thereof with reference to embodiments, these
Description is not to be further limited to the content of present invention.
Embodiment 1
Whisker is magnesium hydroxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide whisker, calcium carbonate crystal whisker according to 1:1:1 weight ratio mixing；
It is crushed after taking straw agricultural crop straw to dry, the agricultural crop straw after crushing is positioned in charing furnace apparatus and is carried out
Charing, setting carbonization temperature is 300 DEG C, carbonization time 83min, finally by the crops stalk crushing after charing at 150 mesh
Obtain agricultural residues powder；
The preparation of chitosan nano gel：It is dissolved the chitosan to obtain chitosan with the acidic aqueous solution of 5% acetic acid molten
Liquid, the aqueous solution that cyclodextrine is added to the sodium hydroxide of 10% concentration are stirred and are prepared into cyclodextrin aqueous slkali, ring is pasted
Smart aqueous slkali, which is slowly added dropwise into chitosan solution, is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor, is carried out after pH of mixed is adjusted to 9.0 anti-
It answers, setting reaction temperature is 50 DEG C, reaction time 12h, and reaction mixing speed is 100r/min, and product is washed with a large amount of distillations
It washs, then drying to obtain chitosan nano gel；
The preparation of modified clay/diatomite composite material：It takes 4 parts of maleic anhydride to be put into reaction kettle, 30 parts of deionized waters is added
It is configured to slurry liquid, is dispersed with stirring 30min at being 60 DEG C in temperature, setting reaction kettle rotating speed is 450r/min, then by clay 4
Part, 5 parts of diatomite are added in the slurry liquid disperseed, and are kept temperature and rotating speed constant, are dispersed with stirring 3h, then drop temperature
Most room temperature is stood, and is filtered, and dry 2.5h, then grinds at 52 DEG C, and sieving obtains modified clay/diatomite composite material；
The preparation of PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material：Will modified clay/diatomite composite material be scattered in from
Suspension is formed in sub- water, it is 93 DEG C to keep suspension temperature, and 0.8 part of PVA celluloses is taken to be slowly added to stir instead in suspension
2h is answered to obtain mixed liquor, setting mixing speed is 110r/min, and it is 16% then to cool the temperature to 58 DEG C of dryings to water content, then
It is ground, sieving obtains PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material, and PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is compound
Material particle size size is 40 mesh；
Take 20 parts of 525 white cement, 55 parts of quartz sand, 19 parts of titanium dioxide, 11 parts of flyash, 12 parts of agricultural residues powder, whisker 1.5
Part dry mixing mixing 2.2min, setting dry mixing rotating speed are 110r/min, and PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite wood is then added
Material, 8 parts of chitosan nano gel, 3.5 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, 5 parts of pitchstone glass bead, 1- butyl -3- methylimidazoles
6.5 parts of hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid, 5 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 part of cellulose ether, 2 parts of redispersable latex powder are stirred
It mixes, setting speed of agitator is 520r/min, and mixing time, which is 14min, makes it be uniformly mixed, and is eventually adding naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent
1.0 parts, 0.8 part of inorganic pigment, 93 parts of water, low whipping speed be 200r/min under stirring 18.5min i.e. obtain high-impermeable permeability
Cement-base composite material.
Embodiment 2
Whisker is magnesium hydroxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide whisker, calcium carbonate crystal whisker according to 1:1:1 weight ratio mixing
It is crushed after taking sugarcane agricultural crop straw to dry, the agricultural crop straw after crushing is positioned in charing furnace apparatus and is carried out
Charing, setting carbonization temperature is 310 DEG C, carbonization time 80min, finally by the crops stalk crushing after charing at 120 mesh
Obtain agricultural residues powder；
The preparation of chitosan nano gel：Chitosan is dissolved to obtain with 3% acetic acid and the acidic aqueous solution of mixed in hydrochloric acid
Chitosan solution, the aqueous solution that cyclodextrine is added to the sodium hydroxide of 10% concentration are stirred and are prepared into cyclodextrin alkali soluble
Liquid, cyclodextrin aqueous slkali is slowly added dropwise into chitosan solution and is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor, and pH of mixed is adjusted to 6.0
After reacted, setting reaction temperature be 45 DEG C, reaction time 11h, reaction mixing speed be 115r/min, product with largely
Water washing is distilled, then drying to obtain chitosan nano gel；
The preparation of modified clay/diatomite composite material：It takes 5 parts of maleic anhydride to be put into reaction kettle, 35 parts of deionized waters is added
It is configured to slurry liquid, is dispersed with stirring 30min at being 60 DEG C in temperature, setting reaction kettle rotating speed is 458r/min, then by clay 5
Part, 3.5 parts of diatomite are added in the slurry liquid disperseed, and are kept temperature and rotating speed constant, 4h are dispersed with stirring, then by temperature
It is reduced to room temperature, is stood, is filtered, dry 2.8h, then grinds at 51 DEG C, and sieving obtains modified clay/diatomite composite material；
The preparation of PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material：Will modified clay/diatomite composite material be scattered in from
Suspension is formed in sub- water, it is 91 DEG C to keep suspension temperature, and 1.2 parts of PVA celluloses is taken to be slowly added to stir instead in suspension
3h is answered to obtain mixed liquor, setting mixing speed is 100r/min, and it is 17% then to cool the temperature to 55 DEG C of dryings to water content, then
It is ground, sieving obtains PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material, and PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is compound
Material particle size size is 25 mesh；
Take 30 parts of 525 white cement, 45 parts of quartz sand, 20 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 parts of flyash, 10 parts of agricultural residues powder, whisker 2.5
Part dry mixing mixing 2min, setting dry mixing rotating speed are 105r/min, and PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite wood is then added
Material, 12 parts of chitosan nano gel, 4.5 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, 10 parts of pitchstone glass bead, 1- butyl -3- methyl miaows
Totally 8 parts of azoles hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid and 1- butyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates ionic liquid, 6 parts of silane coupling agent,
1.6 parts of cellulose ether, 0.8 part of redispersable latex powder are stirred, and setting speed of agitator is 580r/min, and mixing time is
12min makes it be uniformly mixed, and is eventually adding 3 parts of polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, 1.6 parts of inorganic pigment, 98 parts of water, in stirring speed
Degree is that stirring 19min obtains high-impermeable permeability cement-base composite material under 150r/min.
Embodiment 3
Whisker is magnesium hydroxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide whisker, calcium carbonate crystal whisker according to 1:1:1 weight ratio mixing；
It is crushed after taking maize farming object stalk to dry, the agricultural crop straw after crushing is positioned in charing furnace apparatus and is carried out
Charing, setting carbonization temperature is 350 DEG C, carbonization time 85min, finally by the crops stalk crushing after charing at 140 mesh
Obtain agricultural residues powder；
The preparation of chitosan nano gel：Chitosan dissolved with 3% sulfuric acid aqueous solution to obtain chitosan solution,
The aqueous solution that cyclodextrine is added to the sodium hydroxide of 10% concentration is stirred and is prepared into cyclodextrin aqueous slkali, by cyclodextrin
Aqueous slkali, which is slowly added dropwise into chitosan solution, is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor, is reacted after pH of mixed is adjusted to 7.0,
It is 40 DEG C, reaction time 10.5h that reaction temperature, which is arranged, and reaction mixing speed is 120r/min, and product is washed with a large amount of distillations
It washs, then drying to obtain chitosan nano gel；
The preparation of modified clay/diatomite composite material：It takes 3.5 parts of maleic anhydride to be put into reaction kettle, 50 parts of deionizations is added
Water is configured to slurry liquid, is dispersed with stirring 30min at being 60 DEG C in temperature, setting reaction kettle rotating speed is 500r/min, then will be glued
4 parts of soil, 4.5 parts of diatomite are added in the slurry liquid disperseed, and are kept temperature and rotating speed constant, are dispersed with stirring 3.2h, then
It cools the temperature to as room temperature, stands, filter, dry 2h, then grinds at 50 DEG C, and sieving obtains modified clay/composite diatomite
Material；
The preparation of PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material：Will modified clay/diatomite composite material be scattered in from
Suspension is formed in sub- water, it is 90 DEG C to keep suspension temperature, and 1.6 parts of PVA celluloses is taken to be slowly added to stir instead in suspension
2.5h is answered to obtain mixed liquor, setting mixing speed is 120r/min, and it is 19% then to cool the temperature to 50 DEG C of dryings to water content,
It is ground again, sieving obtains PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material, and PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is multiple
Condensation material particle size is 35 mesh；
Take 22 parts of 525 white cement, 40 parts of quartz sand, 18.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 12 parts of flyash, 10.5 parts of agricultural residues powder, crystalline substance
1 part of dry mixing mixing 3min of palpus, setting dry mixing rotating speed are 100r/min, and it is compound that PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is then added
Material, 5 parts of chitosan nano gel, 4 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, 8 parts of pitchstone glass bead, 1- butyl -3- methylimidazoles
7.5 parts of hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 2 parts of cellulose ether, 0.3 part of redispersable latex powder are stirred
It mixes, setting speed of agitator is 600r/min, and mixing time, which is 15min, makes it be uniformly mixed, and is eventually adding naphthalene system and polycarboxylic-acid
2 parts of high efficiency water reducing agent, 0.5 part of inorganic pigment, 95 parts of water, low whipping speed are that stirring 18min obtains highly resistance under 180r/min
Permeable cement based composites.
Embodiment 4
Whisker is magnesium hydroxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide whisker, calcium carbonate crystal whisker according to 1:1:1 weight ratio combination；
It is crushed after taking corn and wheat agricultural crop straw to dry, the agricultural crop straw after crushing is positioned over charing furnace apparatus
In carbonized, setting carbonization temperature be 330 DEG C, carbonization time 90min, finally by the crops stalk crushing after charing at
100 mesh obtain agricultural residues powder；
The preparation of chitosan nano gel：The acidic aqueous solution being mixed into 3% acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid carries out chitosan molten
Solution obtains chitosan solution, and the aqueous solution that cyclodextrine is added to the sodium hydroxide of 10% concentration is stirred preparation cyclization paste
Cyclodextrin aqueous slkali is slowly added dropwise into chitosan solution and is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor by smart aqueous slkali, by pH of mixed tune
For section to being reacted after 8.0, setting reaction temperature is 60 DEG C, reaction time 11.5h, and reaction mixing speed is 110r/min,
Product distills water washings with a large amount of, then drying to obtain chitosan nano gel；
The preparation of modified clay/diatomite composite material：It takes 4.5 parts of maleic anhydride to be put into reaction kettle, 40 parts of deionizations is added
Water is configured to slurry liquid, is dispersed with stirring 30min at being 60 DEG C in temperature, setting reaction kettle rotating speed is 452r/min, then will be glued
3 parts of soil, 4 parts of diatomite are added in the slurry liquid disperseed, and are kept temperature and rotating speed constant, are dispersed with stirring 3.8h, then will
Temperature is reduced to room temperature, stands, and filters, and dry 3h, then grinds at 55 DEG C, and sieving obtains modified clay/composite diatomite material
Material；
The preparation of PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material：Will modified clay/diatomite composite material be scattered in from
Suspension is formed in sub- water, it is 95 DEG C to keep suspension temperature, and 0.5 part of PVA celluloses is taken to be slowly added to stir instead in suspension
2.3h is answered to obtain mixed liquor, setting mixing speed is 105r/min, and it is 15% then to cool the temperature to 60 DEG C of dryings to water content,
It is ground again, sieving obtains PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material, and PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is multiple
Condensation material particle size is 30 mesh；
Take 25 parts of 525 white cement, 50 parts of quartz sand, 19.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 10.5 parts of flyash, 11 parts of agricultural residues powder, crystalline substance
3 parts of dry mixing mixing 2.5min of palpus, setting dry mixing rotating speed are 120r/min, and it is multiple that PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is then added
Condensation material, 15 parts of chitosan nano gel, 3 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, 1 part of pitchstone glass bead, 1- butyl -3- methyl miaows
Totally 6 parts of azoles hexafluorophosphoric acid ionic liquid and 1- butyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborates ionic liquid, 4 parts of silane coupling agent,
0.8 part of cellulose ether, 1.2 parts of redispersable latex powder are stirred, and setting speed of agitator is 500r/min, and mixing time is
13min makes it be uniformly mixed, and is eventually adding 0.1 part of polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, 1.2 parts of inorganic pigment, 90 parts of water, is stirring
Speed is that stirring 18min obtains high-impermeable permeability cement-base composite material under 170r/min.
Embodiment 5
Whisker is magnesium hydroxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide whisker, calcium carbonate crystal whisker according to 1:1:1 weight ratio combination；
It is crushed after taking straw, sugarcane and maize farming object stalk to dry, the agricultural crop straw after crushing is positioned over charing
It is carbonized in furnace apparatus, setting carbonization temperature is 340 DEG C, carbonization time 88min, finally by the agricultural crop straw after charing
It is ground into 110 mesh and obtains agricultural residues powder；
The preparation of chitosan nano gel：The acidic aqueous solution being mixed into 5% acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid carries out chitosan molten
Solution obtains chitosan solution, and the aqueous solution that cyclodextrine is added to the sodium hydroxide of 10% concentration is stirred preparation cyclization paste
Cyclodextrin aqueous slkali is slowly added dropwise into chitosan solution and is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor by smart aqueous slkali, by pH of mixed tune
For section to being reacted after 9.0, setting reaction temperature is 55 DEG C, reaction time 10h, and reaction mixing speed is 105r/min, is produced
Object distills water washings with a large amount of, then drying to obtain chitosan nano gel；
The preparation of modified clay/diatomite composite material：It takes 3 parts of maleic anhydride to be put into reaction kettle, 45 parts of deionized waters is added
It is configured to slurry liquid, is dispersed with stirring 30min at being 60 DEG C in temperature, setting reaction kettle rotating speed is 455r/min, then by clay 6
Part, 3 parts of diatomite are added in the slurry liquid disperseed, and are kept temperature and rotating speed constant, 3.5h are dispersed with stirring, then by temperature
It is reduced to room temperature, is stood, is filtered, dry 2.2h, then grinds at 53 DEG C, and sieving obtains modified clay/diatomite composite material；
The preparation of PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material：Will modified clay/diatomite composite material be scattered in from
Suspension is formed in sub- water, it is 92 DEG C to keep suspension temperature, and 2 parts of PVA celluloses is taken to be slowly added to be stirred to react in suspension
2.8h obtains mixed liquor, and setting mixing speed is 115r/min, and it is 20% then to cool the temperature to 52 DEG C of dryings to water content, then
It is ground, sieving obtains PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material, and PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is compound
Material particle size size is 20 mesh；
Take 28 parts of 525 white cement, 60 parts of quartz sand, 18 parts of titanium dioxide, 11.5 parts of flyash, 11.5 parts of agricultural residues powder, crystalline substance
2 parts of dry mixing mixing 2.8min of palpus, setting dry mixing rotating speed are 115r/min, and it is multiple that PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano is then added
Condensation material, 10 parts of chitosan nano gel, 5 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, 3 parts of pitchstone glass bead, 1- butyl -3- methyl miaows
7 parts of azoles tetrafluoroborate ion liquid, 6 parts of silane coupling agent, 1.2 parts of cellulose ether, 1.8 parts of redispersable latex powder are stirred
It mixes, setting speed of agitator is 550r/min, and mixing time, which is 12min, makes it be uniformly mixed, and is eventually adding naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent
0.6 part, 2 parts of inorganic pigment, 100 parts of water, low whipping speed be 190r/min under stirring 18min i.e. obtain high-impermeable permeability cement
Based composites.
In order to verify the properties for the highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material that the present invention is prepared, obtained to of the invention
To highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material be tested for the property, while using commercially available similar product as control group.Test feelings
Condition and result are as shown in table 1 below.
(1) permeability test
Reference《JGJT 233-2011 soil cement mix-design regulations》Requirement, to maintenance 90d after test specimen resisted
Performance test is oozed, this experiment applies test specimen the water pressure of 0.2MPa.According to《233-2011 soil cement match ratios of JGJ/T are set
Count regulation》Requirement, permeability coefficient of cement soil calculation formula：
kT=(100γwVh)/pAt
Wherein kTFor water temperature T DEG C when permeability coefficient of cement soil, m/s；V is the water through time interval t exudations, ml；H is that test specimen is high
Degree, cm；P is the osmotic pressure applied, and MPaA is test specimen cross-sectional area, cm2；T is time interval, s；γwFor the severe of water, N/
cm3。
《233-2011 soil cement mix-design regulations of JGJ/T》Middle regulation, permeability test should be mark with 20 DEG C of water temperature
Quasi- temperature, the infiltration coefficient under normal temperature are
k20=kT×ηT/η20
Wherein：k20The infiltration coefficient of test specimen, cm/s when for water temperature being normal temperature；ηTFor water temperature T DEG C when water the viscid system of power
Number, kPas；η20For 20 DEG C of water temperature when water power coefficient of viscosity, kPas, specific value is shown in《233-2011 water of JGJ/T
Soil mix-design regulation》.
(2 uniaxial tensile tests
Uniaxial tensile test uses 12mm × 40mm × 160mm test blocks, specimen molding rear form removal to be for 24 hours put into standard curing room and support
28d is protected, 3h, which takes out test specimen and dries, before testing prepares experiment.Each product completes the tension test of 3 test specimens.The index of test is
Cracking strength, tensile strength, maximum stretching strain, elasticity modulus, energy to failure.
(3) bent toughness is tested
Bent toughness experiment uses 100mm × 100mm × 400mm test blocks, specimen molding rear form removal to be for 24 hours put into standard curing room
28d is conserved, 3h, which takes out test specimen and dries, before testing prepares experiment.Each product completes the toughness test of 3 test specimens.Using with three points
Point beam carries out toughness test.Test index is toughness index, peak load, bending tensile strength.
(4) shrinkage test
According to GB177 standards, sample dimensions 25mm × 25mm × 280mm, every group of three test specimens, sample is in standard curing box (20
DEG C, relative humidity RH is that 95%) maintenance demoulds afterwards for 24 hours, is taken out after 6d into the water, wipes surface moisture, it is measured with comparator
Initial length L0 (is accurate to 0.001mm), and sample is then put into 20 ± 2 DEG C, in the thermostatic constant wet chamber of RH=60% ± 5%, in 28
Survey the values of shrinkage strain that sample is calculated as follows in its length L (being accurate to 0.001mm):
S=(L0-L1)/250
In formula, S indicates values of shrinkage strain；L0 indicates test specimen initial length, mm；L1 indicates the length after test piece maintenance, mm；250
For sample effective length, mm.
1 highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material performance test situation of table
The above embodiment of the present invention scheme is only the description of the invention and cannot limit the present invention, this is indicated in claim
The range of invention product form ingredient, component ratio, preparation method parameter, and above-mentioned explanation does not point out parameter of the present invention
Range, therefore, any change within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims of the present invention, be all considered to be including
In the range of claims.
The highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material properties that the present invention is prepared better than it is similar it is commercially available be product, lead to
It crosses under the interaction of various raw materials, the anti-permeability performance of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material and tough can be increased substantially
Property and intensity, make it have good processing performance, contraction distortion is small, not easy to break, can effectively improve the durable of material
Property, application value is high.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material, characterized in that the highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material is each
Constituent and its weight part ratio are：525 20 ~ 30 parts of white cements, 40 ~ 60 parts of quartz sand, 18 ~ 20 parts of titanium dioxide, flyash
10 ~ 12 parts, 5 ~ 15 parts of chitosan nano gel, 3 ~ 5 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, 1 ~ 10 part of pitchstone glass bead, PVA fibers
0.5 ~ 2 part of element, 6 ~ 8 parts of ionic liquid, 10 ~ 12 parts of agricultural residues powder, 3 ~ 6 parts of clay, 3 ~ 5 parts of diatomite, maleic anhydride 3 ~ 5
Part, 1 ~ 3 part of whisker, 3 ~ 6 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of cellulose ether, 0.3 ~ 2 part of redispersable latex powder, high efficiency water reducing agent
0.1 ~ 3 part, 0.5 ~ 2 part of inorganic pigment, 60 ~ 70 parts of water；
The whisker is magnesium hydroxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide whisker, calcium carbonate crystal whisker according to 1:1:1 weight ratio mixing.
2. highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the agricultural residues powder
In agricultural crop straw be straw, sugarcane, corn, one or more of wheat combination.
3. highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the high efficiency water reducing agent is
The combination of one or both of naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.
4. a kind of highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the ionic liquid
For in 1- butyl -3- methylimidazole hexafluorophosphoric acids ionic liquid, 1- butyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids
One or two kinds of combinations.
5. a kind of method preparing highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that including with
Lower preparation process：
Step 1) crushes after taking agricultural crop straw to dry, by the agricultural crop straw after crushing be positioned over charing furnace apparatus in into
Row charing, setting carbonization temperature are 300 ~ 350 DEG C, and carbonization time is 80 ~ 90min, finally by the agricultural residues powder after charing
It is broken into 100 ~ 150 mesh and obtains agricultural residues powder；
The preparation of step 2) chitosan nano gel：Chitosan dissolved with acidic aqueous solution to obtain chitosan solution, it will
The aqueous solution that cyclodextrine is added to the sodium hydroxide of 10% concentration is stirred and is prepared into cyclodextrin aqueous slkali, by cyclodextrin alkali
Solution, which is slowly added dropwise into chitosan solution, is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor, is carried out after pH of mixed is adjusted to 6.0 ~ 9.0 anti-
It answers, setting reaction temperature is 40 ~ 60 DEG C, and the reaction time is 10 ~ 12h, and reaction mixing speed is 100 ~ 120r/min, and product is used big
Amount distills water washing, then drying to obtain chitosan nano gel；
The preparation of the modified clay/diatomite composite material of step 3)：It takes 3 ~ 5 parts of maleic anhydride to be put into reaction kettle, is added 30 ~ 50
Part deionized water is configured to slurry liquid, and 30min is dispersed with stirring at being 60 DEG C in temperature, and setting reaction kettle rotating speed is 450 ~ 500r/
Then 3 ~ 6 parts of clay, 3 ~ 5 parts of diatomite are added in the slurry liquid disperseed by min, keep temperature and rotating speed constant, stirring
Disperse 3 ~ 4h, then cool the temperature to as room temperature, stand, filter, dry 2 ~ 3h, then grinds at 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and sieving is changed
Property clay/diatomite composite material；
The preparation of step 4) PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material：It will modified clay/diatomite composite material dispersion
Suspension is formed in deionized water, it is 90 ~ 95 DEG C to keep suspension temperature, and 0.5 ~ 2 part of PVA celluloses is taken to be slowly added to suspend
It is stirred to react 2 ~ 3h in liquid and obtains mixed liquor, setting mixing speed is 100 ~ 120r/min, then cools the temperature to 50 ~ 60 DEG C and does
Dry to water content is 15 ~ 20%, then is ground, sieving obtains PVA fibers/clay/diatomite nano composite material, and PVA is fine
Dimension/clay/diatomite nano composite material particle size is 20 ~ 40 mesh；
Step 5) takes 20 ~ 30 parts of 525 white cement, 40 ~ 60 parts of quartz sand, 18 ~ 20 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 ~ 12 parts of flyash, crops
1 ~ 3 part of 10 ~ 12 parts of straw powder, whisker dry mixing mix 2 ~ 3min, and setting dry mixing rotating speed is 100 ~ 120r/min, and PVA is then added
Fiber/clay/diatomite nano composite material, 5 ~ 15 parts of chitosan nano gel, 3 ~ 5 parts of polyacrylate dispersion, pitchstone
1 ~ 10 part of glass bead, 6 ~ 8 parts of ionic liquid, 3 ~ 6 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of cellulose ether, redispersable latex powder
0.3 ~ 2 part is stirred, and setting speed of agitator is 500 ~ 600r/min, and mixing time, which is 12 ~ 15min, makes it be uniformly mixed, most
0.1 ~ 3 part of high efficiency water reducing agent, 0.5 ~ 2 part of inorganic pigment, 90 ~ 100 parts of water are added afterwards, low whipping speed is under 150 ~ 200r/min
18 ~ 20min of stirring obtains high-impermeable permeability cement-base composite material.
6. the method according to claim 4 for preparing highly resistance permeability cement-base composite material, characterized in that the acid
Any one of acetic acid that property aqueous solution is 3% ~ 5%, hydrochloric acid, aqueous sulfuric acid or combination thereof solution.
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| CN112251115A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-22 | 杭州吉邦综合服务有限公司 | Concrete steel structure anticorrosive paint and production process thereof |
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| CN109053108A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-21 | 同济大学 | A kind of diatomite plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN110499050A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-26 | 刘海若 | A kind of colorful coating material of pitchstone vitreous grain crystalline substance fireproof heat insulating |
| CN112174609A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-05 | 赵书成 | Preparation method of high-toughness cement concrete |
| CN112251115A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-22 | 杭州吉邦综合服务有限公司 | Concrete steel structure anticorrosive paint and production process thereof |
| CN117069471A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2023-11-17 | 磐时复合建材(上海)有限公司 | Premixed inorganic facing mortar |
| CN117069471B (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-02-02 | 磐时复合建材(上海)有限公司 | Premixed inorganic facing mortar |
| CN117532966A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-02-09 | 山东新广恒节能科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength inorganic sound insulation board |
| CN117532966B (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-03-12 | 山东新广恒节能科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength inorganic sound insulation board |
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