CN108403262B - 一种股骨柄假体 - Google Patents

一种股骨柄假体 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108403262B
CN108403262B CN201810172423.XA CN201810172423A CN108403262B CN 108403262 B CN108403262 B CN 108403262B CN 201810172423 A CN201810172423 A CN 201810172423A CN 108403262 B CN108403262 B CN 108403262B
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China
Prior art keywords
femoral stem
femoral
prosthesis
section
proximal
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CN201810172423.XA
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CN108403262A (zh
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张国强
徐宁
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Wang Yan
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王岩
张国强
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Priority to KR1020180039473A priority Critical patent/KR102168619B1/ko
Priority to JP2018074856A priority patent/JP6728554B2/ja
Publication of CN108403262A publication Critical patent/CN108403262A/zh
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    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00395—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of metals or of alloys
    • A61F2310/00407—Coating made of titanium or of Ti-based alloys

Abstract

本发明提供一种眼镜蛇型股骨柄假体，先髋股骨柄假体包括依次连接的股骨柄锥、股骨颈和柄体，柄体包括股骨柄近段、股骨柄中段和股骨柄远段，股骨柄锥为锥形体，股骨颈的一端与股骨柄近段连接且两者之间具有偏角，股骨颈的另一端与股骨柄锥的大径端相连，股骨柄近段的表面上设有多圈环形微槽，股骨柄远段的外表面上设有复数条沿纵向延伸的纵行侧棱嵴。本发明的假体采用一体式，消除组件间的磨损和骨融蚀等问题；股骨柄设计符合90％以上患者股骨髓腔的尺寸；本发明的前倾角为0°～35°或145°～180°，术中患者可根据自身前倾角的角度选择合适规格的假体，缩短手术时间，提高手术成功率；股骨柄近段的外表面喷涂Ti涂层，增强了假体生物相容性。

Description

一种股骨柄假体
技术领域
本发明涉及人工假体置换技术领域，特别是股骨柄远段为突起的纵行侧棱嵴结构的一种眼镜蛇型股骨柄假体。
背景技术
先天性髋关节发育不良(先髖)是髖关节出现异常的一种病症。患者前倾角较正常人股骨前倾角明显增大。手术医生未能根据患者的前倾角选取合适的假体，将会导致假体角度安放不良，旋转中心重建不恰当等一系列问题，进而会极大增加术后假体脱位、假体磨损、术后关节功能不良等并发症，严重影响全髋关节置换术的效果。使得髋关节活动范围下降，容易让股骨柄与髋臼元件产生碰撞，手术成功率低。
现有的假体有组配型股骨柄假体和S-ROM假体。组配型股骨柄假体不能与中国人的股骨髓腔理想匹配，组配型股骨柄假体的稳定性差和远期生存率低，组配型股骨柄假体植入困难和复位困难，并且牺牲的骨量较多；S-ROM假体组配结合部增大了假体折断的风险及产生金属磨屑的可能，影响假体寿命。组配型股骨柄假体和S-ROM假体均存在组件间的磨损和骨融蚀等问题，降低假体生物相容性，均需背负组件大量库存的制作成本，成本高，不利于规模小的厂家；组配型股骨柄假体和S-ROM假体的股骨柄均需根据患者的股骨髓腔几何外形和前倾角进行配置，术中配置，增长手术时间，导致患者痛苦增重，降低手术的成功率。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种眼镜蛇型股骨柄假体，以解决现有的假体存在组件间的磨损、骨融蚀、假体生物相容性差、库存量大、成本高、假体需术中配置、手术时间长、患者痛苦增重和手术的成功率低等问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的实施例提供一种眼镜蛇型股骨柄假体，所述先髋股骨柄假体包括依次连接的股骨柄锥、股骨颈和柄体，所述柄体包括股骨柄近段、股骨柄中段和股骨柄远段，所述股骨柄锥为锥形体，所述股骨颈的一端与股骨柄近段连接且两者之间具有偏角，所述股骨颈的另一端与股骨柄锥的大径端相连，所述股骨柄近段的表面上设有多圈环形微槽，所述股骨柄远段的外表面上设有复数条沿纵向延伸的纵行侧棱嵴。
其中，所述股骨柄近段的轴线与所述股骨颈的轴线之间的锐角为0°～35°或145°～180°。
其中，所述柄体中心线与股骨颈中心线之间呈120°～140°的夹角。
其中，所述股骨柄远段的外表面上设有4～10条纵行侧棱嵴，所述纵行侧棱嵴的嵴高为0.55～0.65mm。
其中，所述股骨颈的横截面为椭圆形。
其中，所述环形微槽的槽宽为1.0～1.5mm，槽深为0.4～0.5mm。
其中，所述股骨柄近段的外表面喷涂有Ti涂层，所述Ti涂层的厚度为50～800um。
本发明的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
上述方案中，本发明的假体采用一体式，无需组件组装，消除组件间的磨损和骨融蚀等问题，降低库存量，成本低，适用于各种规模的厂家；本发明的股骨柄设计符合90％以上患者股骨髓腔几何外形使用的股骨柄；本发明的前倾角为0°～35°或145°～180°，术中患者可根据自身前倾角的角度选择合适规格的假体，有效缩短手术时间，减轻患者的痛苦，提高手术的成功率；本发明的股骨柄近段的外表面喷涂Ti涂层，增强了假体生物相容性，且强度和塑韧性与人体骨相匹配，为骨细胞及软组织的长入、增殖创造良好的条件，从而实现假体与病人股骨的完美匹配，特别适合于发育性髋关节异常(DDH)先天性髋关节脱位(CDH)患者。
附图说明
图1为本发明的眼镜蛇型股骨柄假体的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的眼镜蛇型股骨柄假体的冠状面示意图；
[主要元件符号说明]
1、股骨柄锥；
2、股骨颈；
3、柄体；
4、股骨柄近段；
5、股骨柄中段；
6、股骨柄远段；
7、环形微槽；
8、纵行侧棱嵴。
具体实施方式
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
如图1至图3所示的，本发明一种眼镜蛇型股骨柄假体，包括依次连接的股骨柄锥1、股骨颈2和柄体3，所述柄体3包括股骨柄近段4、股骨柄中段5和股骨柄远段6，所述股骨柄锥1为锥形体，所述股骨颈2的一端与股骨柄近段4连接且两者之间具有偏角，所述股骨颈2的另一端与股骨柄锥1的大径端相连。
所述股骨柄近段4的外表面设有多圈环形微槽7，有效增大了假体与骨界面的接触面积，确保了假体植入后的稳定。本实施例中，所述环形微槽优选锯齿形槽，其槽宽为1.0～1.5mm，槽深为0.4～0.5mm。
其中，股骨柄近段4的轴线与股骨颈2的轴线之间的夹角为α角，α角为前倾角，α角为0°～35°或145°～180°，α角的优选方案为15°、35°、145°和165°。
进一步地，所述柄体3的中心线与股骨颈2的中心线之间呈120°～140°的夹角，优选值为β＝130°，此夹角的设计更符合人体生理解剖的结构。
所述股骨柄远段的外表面上设有4～10条纵行侧棱嵴8，优选值为8条，增强了假体的初始稳定性和抗旋转性能。本实施例中，所述纵行侧棱嵴的嵴高为0.55～0.65mm，即纵行侧棱嵴的外径比股骨柄的基础直径大约1.25mm。
其中，所述股骨颈2的横截面为椭圆形，增大了假体的活动范围，减少了股骨颈2与全髋臼内衬的磨损。
其中，所述股骨柄近段4的表面喷涂Ti涂层，涂层厚度为50～800um，孔隙率为10～80％，涂层粘结强度大于等于25MPa。
本发明的假体采用一体式，无需组件组装，消除组件间的磨损和骨融蚀等问题，降低库存量，成本低，适用于各种规模的厂家；本发明的股骨柄设计符合90％以上患者股骨髓腔几何外形使用的股骨柄；本发明的前倾角为0°～35°或145°～180°，术中患者可根据自身前倾角的角度选择合适规格的假体，有效缩短手术时间，减轻患者的痛苦，提高手术的成功率；本发明的股骨柄近段4的外表面喷涂Ti涂层，增强了假体生物相容性，且强度和塑韧性与人体骨相匹配，为骨细胞及软组织的长入、增殖创造良好的条件，从而实现假体与病人股骨的完美匹配，特别适合于发育性髋关节异常(DDH)先天性髋关节脱位(CDH)患者。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种股骨柄假体，所述股骨柄假体包括依次连接的股骨柄锥、股骨颈和柄体，所述柄体包括股骨柄近段、股骨柄中段和股骨柄远段，其特征在于，所述股骨柄锥为锥形体，所述股骨颈的一端与股骨柄近段连接且两者之间具有偏角，所述股骨颈的另一端与股骨柄锥的大径端相连，所述股骨柄近段的表面上设有多圈环形微槽；
槽深为0.4～0.5mm，槽宽为1.0～1.5mm；
所述股骨柄近段的轴线与所述股骨颈的轴线之间的夹角为35°或145°；
所述股骨柄远段的外表面上设有4～10条纵行侧棱嵴，所述纵行侧棱嵴的嵴高为0.55～0.65mm；
所述股骨柄近段的外表面喷涂有Ti涂层，孔隙率为10～80％，涂层粘结强度大于等于25MPa；所述Ti涂层的厚度为50～800um。
2.根据权利要求1所述的股骨柄假体，其特征在于，所述柄体的中心线与股骨颈中心线之间呈120°～140°的夹角。
3.根据权利要求1所述的股骨柄假体，其特征在于，所述股骨颈的横截面为椭圆形。
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