CN114948351A - 一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体 - Google Patents

一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体 Download PDF

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CN114948351A
CN114948351A CN202210561090.6A CN202210561090A CN114948351A CN 114948351 A CN114948351 A CN 114948351A CN 202210561090 A CN202210561090 A CN 202210561090A CN 114948351 A CN114948351 A CN 114948351A
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30667—Features concerning an interaction with the environment or a particular use of the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30677—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics, into the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30784—Plurality of holes

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，包括髋臼假体臼杯，所述髋臼假体臼杯呈圆球形设置，所述髋臼假体臼杯外侧壁开设有安装槽，所述安装槽内通过转动机构转动连接有股骨柄，所述髋臼假体臼杯和股骨柄外侧壁上均设有释药孔。本发明通过斜平行螺纹固定块和连接槽的螺纹连接，使得股骨柄和髋臼假体臼杯之间连接稳定，同时通过股骨柄和髋臼假体臼杯的材质降低材料磨损，减少材料碎屑的产生，并且通过向股骨柄和髋臼假体臼杯外壁施加含水凝胶涂层，在涂层中添加外泌体装载抗炎药物，降低脱位风险。

Description

一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体。
背景技术
假体“有限下沉”理论高抛光的表面使得假体与骨水泥床之间的磨损最小化，并允许假体有限的下沉，结合中置作用将轴向应力转化为对骨水泥床的横向压力。CPT高抛光水泥柄，临床上骨水泥假体柄用的不多，大多是生物型假体。
选择假体全髋关节置换与半髋关节置换(股骨头置换)的金属杯关节成形术的相当比率患者出现腹股沟部疼痛，因此越来越多的医生采用全髋关节置换，对于一些大于75岁，手术耐受差，预期寿命短的病人可以采用半髋关节置换使用双极头还是单极头，临床上最常用的人工股骨头为Moore型和Thompson型，临床研究表明，双极头磨损再手术率低于单极头，但是研究同时发现超过85岁老年股骨颈骨折使用单极头在效果，并发症方面与双极头无差别。因此在欧洲及中国香港，单极头仍被高龄病人使用。
髋部(腹股沟部位)是躯干与腿相连接的部位，可以使躯干和腿能向前、后及侧面自主运动，由于髋部是一系列机体运动的中心，因而易潜在劳损，当髋关节磨损较为严重时，需要通过手术，用髋关节假体来进行治疗，现有的髋关节假体在使用中，由于植入物大小不匹配、松动(材料碎屑引起的无菌性松动和材料磨损造成的松动)，导致植入假体产生脱位的风险，进而影响假体使用。
全髋关节置换术后假体周围易发生骨丢失，加剧骨质疏松。脱位的风险：有几个因素可以导致脱位，可能与患者、手术和植入物或术后随访有关。材料相关造成脱位的因素是植入物大小不匹配、松动(材料磨损)，骨水泥的热反应会造成局部的组织损伤，如果靠近神经或者血管，容易造成神经或者血管热损伤。过敏反应的风险：假体的某些材料有可能引起过敏反应，尤其是各种金属材质假体。二次翻修手术的风险：假体出现故障、磨损或破裂可能需要进行二次翻修手术。因此需要一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中髋关节假体在使用中因为骨丢失造成脱位风险的问题，提出一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
本发明包括髋臼假体臼杯，所述髋臼假体臼杯呈圆球形设置，所述髋臼假体臼杯外侧壁开设有安装槽，所述安装槽内通过转动机构转动连接有股骨柄，所述髋臼假体臼杯和股骨柄外侧壁上均设有释药孔。
进一步地，所述转动机构包括衬垫，所述衬垫设置在安装槽内，所述衬垫和安装槽均为圆形设置，所述衬垫材质具备一定的弹性，所述衬垫外侧壁与安装槽内侧壁抵紧接触，所述衬垫内侧壁开设有转动槽，所述转动槽内设有转动块，所述转动块外侧壁与转动槽内侧壁接触，所述转动块呈球型设置，所述转动块外侧壁固定连接有连接块，所述连接块远离转动块一端外侧壁固定连接有安装块，所述安装块和股骨柄之间通过连接机构相互连接固定，安装块的另一端设置有股骨柄。
进一步地，所述连接机构包括斜平行螺纹固定块，所述斜平行螺纹固定块外侧壁与安装块外侧壁固定连接，所述股骨柄靠近安装块一端外侧壁开设有连接槽，所述斜平行螺纹固定块插设在连接槽内，所述连接槽内侧壁与斜平行螺纹固定块螺纹连接。
进一步地，所述斜平行螺纹固定块外侧壁设有外螺纹，所述连接槽内侧壁开设有与外螺纹相适配的螺纹槽。
进一步地，所述释药孔包括开设在髋臼假体臼杯外侧壁上的多个第一释药孔槽，所述股骨柄外侧壁上开设有多个第二释药孔槽。
进一步地，所述髋臼假体臼杯和股骨柄的材质为金属材质或陶瓷材质，所述金属材质具体为钴铬合金，所述陶瓷材质具体为氧化铝。
进一步地，所述安装块的外侧设置有外螺纹用以分散应力。
进一步地，所述安装块和所述髋臼假体臼杯均设置有用于放置药物的腔体用以通过所述释药孔释放药物。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明通过斜平行螺纹固定块和连接槽的螺纹连接，使得股骨柄和髋臼假体臼杯之间连接稳定，同时通过股骨柄和髋臼假体臼杯的材质降低材料磨损，减少材料碎屑的产生，并且通过向股骨柄和髋臼假体臼杯外壁施加含水凝胶涂层，在涂层中添加含抗炎药物，降低脱位风险。
附图说明
图1为本发明提出的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提出的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体中安装块和股骨柄的连接结构示意图。
图中：1、髋臼假体臼杯；2、股骨柄；3、衬垫；4、转动块；5、连接块； 6、安装块；7、斜平行螺纹固定块；8、第一释药孔槽；9、第二释药孔槽。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
参照图1-2，一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，包括髋臼假体臼杯1，髋臼假体臼杯1呈圆球形设置，髋臼假体臼杯1外侧壁开设有安装槽，安装槽内通过转动机构转动连接有股骨柄2。
其中，转动机构包括衬垫3，衬垫3设置在安装槽内，衬垫3和安装槽均为圆形设置，衬垫3材质具备一定的弹性，衬垫3外侧壁与安装槽内侧壁抵紧接触，衬垫3内侧壁开设有转动槽，转动槽内设有转动块4，转动块4外侧壁与转动槽内侧壁接触，转动块4呈球型设置，转动块4外侧壁固定连接有连接块5，连接块5一端外侧壁固定连接有安装块6，安装块6和连接块5之间通过连接机构相互连接固定，安装块6的另一端设置有股骨柄2。
在本实施例子中，连接机构包括斜平行螺纹固定块7，斜平行螺纹固定块7 外侧壁与安装块6外侧壁固定连接，股骨柄2靠近安装块6一端外侧壁开设有连接槽，斜平行螺纹固定块7插设在连接槽内，连接槽内侧壁与斜平行螺纹固定块7螺纹连接。
斜平行螺纹固定块7外侧壁设有外螺纹，连接槽内侧壁开设有与外螺纹相适配的螺纹槽，安装块6通过斜平行螺纹固定块7固定连接股骨柄2，使得安装块6和股骨柄2之间连接稳定，增加稳定性，防止脱位。
在本实施例子中，髋臼假体臼杯1和股骨柄2外侧壁上均设有释药孔，释药孔包括开设在髋臼假体臼杯1外侧壁上的多个第一释药孔槽8，股骨柄2外侧壁上开设有多个第二释药孔槽9，通过向髋臼假体臼杯1和股骨柄2的腔体内放置含水凝胶涂层，同时在涂层中添加抗炎药物，通过第一释药孔槽8和第二释药孔槽9增加髋臼假体臼杯1和股骨柄2外侧壁面积，提高药物的涂抹面积，从而提高药效。
在本实施例子中，髋臼假体臼杯1和股骨柄2的材质为金属材质或陶瓷材质，金属材质具体为钴铬合金，陶瓷材质具体为氧化铝，从而使得髋臼假体臼杯1和股骨柄2的磨损率降低，提高假体的使用效果。
本发明中，所述安装块的外侧设置有外螺纹用以分散应力，所述安装块和所述髋臼假体臼杯均设置有用于放置药物的腔体用以通过所述释药孔释放药物。将斜平行螺纹固定块7放入连接槽内，使得安装块6和股骨柄2之间固定连接，再将衬垫3放入安装槽内，将转动块4插入转动槽内，使得髋臼假体臼杯1和股骨柄2固定连接，再向髋臼假体臼杯1和股骨柄2外侧壁涂抹含有抗炎药物的含水凝胶涂层，通过含有抗炎药物的涂层降低碎屑造成假体发生周围无菌性松动的风险。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，包括髋臼假体臼杯，其特征在于，所述髋臼假体臼杯呈圆球形设置，所述髋臼假体臼杯外侧壁开设有安装槽，所述安装槽内通过转动机构转动连接有股骨柄，所述髋臼假体臼杯和股骨柄外侧壁上均设有释药孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，其特征在于，所述转动机构包括衬垫，所述衬垫设置在安装槽内，所述衬垫和安装槽均为圆形设置，所述衬垫外侧壁与安装槽内侧壁抵紧接触，所述衬垫内侧壁开设有转动槽，所述转动槽内设有转动块，所述转动块外侧壁与转动槽内侧壁接触，所述转动块呈球型设置，所述转动块外侧壁固定连接有连接块，所述连接块远离转动块一端外侧壁固定连接有安装块，所述安装块和连接块之间通过连接机构相互连接固定，安装块的另一端设置有股骨柄。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，其特征在于，所述连接机构包括斜平行螺纹固定块，所述斜平行螺纹固定块外侧壁与安装块外侧壁固定连接，所述连接块靠近安装块一端外侧壁开设有连接槽，所述斜平行螺纹固定块插设在连接槽内，所述连接槽内侧壁与斜平行螺纹固定块螺纹连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，其特征在于，所述斜平行螺纹固定块外侧壁设有外螺纹，所述连接槽内侧壁开设有与外螺纹相适配的螺纹槽。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，其特征在于，所述释药孔包括开设在髋臼假体臼杯外侧壁上的多个第一释药孔槽，所述股骨柄外侧壁上开设有多个第二释药孔槽。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，其特征在于，所述髋臼假体臼杯和股骨柄的材质为金属材质或陶瓷材质，所述金属材质具体为钴铬合金，所述陶瓷材质具体为氧化铝。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，其特征在于，所述安装块的外侧设置有外螺纹用以分散应力。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体，其特征在于，所述安装块和所述髋臼假体臼杯均设置有用于放置药物的腔体用以通过所述释药孔释放药物。
CN202210561090.6A 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 一种生物膜螺旋柄髋关节假体 Pending CN114948351A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115998948A (zh) * 2022-12-08 2023-04-25 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种人工关节假体及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115998948A (zh) * 2022-12-08 2023-04-25 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种人工关节假体及其制备方法

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