CN108403205B - 流体连接系统及具有流体连接系统的冷冻探针 - Google Patents

流体连接系统及具有流体连接系统的冷冻探针 Download PDF

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CN108403205B
CN108403205B CN201810135300.9A CN201810135300A CN108403205B CN 108403205 B CN108403205 B CN 108403205B CN 201810135300 A CN201810135300 A CN 201810135300A CN 108403205 B CN108403205 B CN 108403205B
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CN108403205A (zh
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M.阿德勒
H.安戴尔
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Erbe Elecktromedizin GmbH
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Abstract

一种流体连接系统，其包括由塑料材料的单个注塑模制零件构成的连接件(16)，所述零件容纳同轴的第一流体输送布置(15)以及同样同轴的第二流体输送布置(17)，并且提供若干粘合剂储存器，该若干粘合剂储存器允许两个流体输送布置(15,17)由可靠的安全过程与彼此的耐压胶合。

Description

流体连接系统及具有流体连接系统的冷冻探针
技术领域
本发明涉及用于将两条同轴管线连接于彼此的流体连接系统，具体而言，涉及用于冷冻探针的流体连接系统。此外，本发明涉及装备有根据本发明的流体连接系统的冷冻探针。
背景技术
在必须供应有流体(例如，流体或气体)的冷冻探针和其它医疗器械的情况下，供应管线至适当的涂抹器管线的连接经常为必要的。
关于这一切，公开US 3,439,680描述了一种手持件，供应管线连接在该手持件的近侧端部上，并且冷冻探针的涂抹器管线连接在该手持件的远侧端部上。手持件因此形成分流器，其设有适当的流体通道，该适当的流体通道设置在它们的远侧端部上，用于容纳具有同轴管线的探针，并且设置在它们的近侧端部上，用于连接与其平行布置的管线。
由公开US 3,536,075已知的系统满足相同的原理，所述系统再次包括具有近侧管线并行连接和远侧同轴连接的手持件。
此类器械适合于开放手术应用，其中器械在手柄上手动地引导，并且其中手柄可形成分流器。这些装置不适合于腹腔镜或内窥镜应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种适合于器械、探针等的流体连接系统，该器械、探针等适合于内窥镜应用。此外，本发明的目的在于提供适当地合适的冷冻探针。
这些目的利用根据权利要求1的流体连接系统和根据权利要求15的冷冻探针实现：
根据本发明的流体连接系统在第一流体输送布置与第二流体输送布置之间形成机械且流体可透过的连接。这两个流体输送布置具有相同直径或者此外典型地不同的直径。各个同轴流体输送布置包括内部管线和外部管线，其中相应的内部管线延伸穿过相应的外部管线的内部管腔。即使在任何情况下，内部管线在外部管线的管腔中沿着其整个长度或其部分偏离中心地布置(延伸穿过管腔)，流体输送布置仍被称为“同轴”。在典型的应用中，流体沿远侧方向在内部管线中流动；在外部管线中，该流体沿近侧方向流动并且因此反方向流动。流的方向还可沿相反的方向发生，在该情况下，下文中的描述和权利要求类似地应用。
在根据本发明的流体连接系统中，在第一流体输送布置的情况下，外部管线的端部延伸越过内部管线的端部。第二流体输送布置相对于第一流体输送布置远侧地布置。在第二流体输送布置中，内部管线的近侧端部从外部管线的近侧端部突出。两个外部管线的端部的中的各个连接于外部管线插座。
优选地，内部管线的端部直接地连接和保持在内部管线插座中。内部管线插座和外部管线插座经由间隔件连接于彼此。外部管线插座、内部管线插座以及间隔件形成连接件，该连接件可构造为单件注塑模制的塑料零件。
内部管线插座和外部管线插座沿轴向方向间隔开。同时，外部管线的端部的重叠以及内部管线的端部的重叠沿轴向方向间隔开。
该布置代表了极其纤细的设计，并且特别适合于连接具有不同外直径的流体输送布置。优选地，远侧(即，第二)流体输送布置具有比第一(即，近侧)流体输送布置小的外直径。特别地，在一方面，直径差允许用于在导管(用于远侧冷冻探针)中使用的非常纤细的设计，并且在另一方面，近侧流体输送布置可具有足够大的直径，以便使有利的流动条件(特别是低流动阻力)成为可能。
在两个流体输送布置中使用的连接的构思优选地呈现，外部管线经由外部管线插座间接地连接于彼此，并且内部管线直接地连接于彼此。为了连接第一(即，近侧)返回管线，外部管线插座具有形成座的外周边表面，该座容纳第一外部管线。座可为结构化的，并且因此具有肋、凸起、凹部等。特别地，第一外部管线可胶合于外部管线插座的外周边表面。胶合的连接优选地利用粘合剂通过固化(例如利用紫外线)实现，所述固化在外部开始。
优选地，外部管线插座具有开口，第二(即，远侧)外部管线保持在该开口中。优选地，该外部管线胶合于开口的内表面。外部管线插座可具有通路，其从外周边表面延伸至开口的内表面，并且优选地作用为粘合剂储存器。这样做时，两个外部管线可通过胶合于外部管线插座以耐压且过程可靠的方式由简单的过程连接于彼此。当连接在将第二流体输送布置插入在外部管线插座中之后建立时，通路和粘合剂储存器分别填充有粘合剂，在该情况下，由于毛细作用力，故粘合剂迁移到第二外部管线与外部管线插座之间的连结间隙中。为了实现这一切，连结间隙和粘合剂以如下方式适应于彼此，使得连结间隙由于沿着通路开口的整个圆周和沿着其整个长度的存在的毛细作用力而填充有粘合剂。
在组装期间，足够的粘合剂可填充在粘合剂储存器中，以使粘合剂(不管任何潜在的生产公差)无论如何都足以填充外部管线插座与第二外部管线之间的间隙，这有助于建立粘合剂连接的安全过程。此外，其还可润湿周边表面，以使一旦粘合剂固化，则滑动到所述周边表面上的外部管线将粘合于外周边表面。作为备选，粘合剂可分开地施加于外周边表面，例如，施加于设有沿周边方向延伸的凹槽的区域。
这样做时，外部管线的轴向布置和扩展优选地使得第二外部管线的端部延伸到第一外部管线中，即，两个外部管线的端部重叠。特别地，粘合剂储存器布置在第一流体输送管线的内表面与第二外部管线的外表面之间，由此，这继而有助于提供粘合剂连接的安全过程。外部管线插座桥接由直径差给出的外部管线。
两个流体输送布置的内部管线优选地也直接地胶合于彼此，在该情况下，为了实现这一切，优选地，第二内部管线的近侧端部延伸到第一内部管线的远侧端部中，即，第二内部管线的端部由第一内部管线的端部接收。优选地，第一内部管线的远侧端部保持在内部管线插座中，该内部管线插座属于连接件，并且经由间隔件连接于也属于间隔件的外部管线插座。
为了容纳第一内部管线，内部管线插座具有管状座，该管状座设有与第一内部管线的外表面连通的优选径向定向的粘合剂填充开口。此处注入的粘合剂将管状座连接于第一内部管线的外表面，其中所述粘合剂进入到毛细间隙中，该毛细间隙形成在内部管线插座的管状座与内部管线之间。
优选地，内部管线插座具有第二粘合剂填充开口。其例如由粘合剂接收井的边缘形成，第二内部管线延伸穿过该粘合剂接收井。该井邻近于管状座，并且布置在面向外部管线插座的内部管线插座的侧部上。井形成粘合剂储存器，粘合剂可从该粘合剂储存器渗透到形成在第二内部管线的外表面与第一内部管线的内表面之间的中间空间中。优选地，间隙的宽度使得形成毛细间隙，粘合剂可渗透或抽吸到该毛细间隙中。两个内部管线之间的粘合连接因此在简单且安全的过程中为可能的，其中，在内部管线在连接本体中的插入之后，粘合剂填充到粘合剂填充开口中。
内部管线插座优选借助于间隔件连接于外部管线插座，该间隔件在外部管线插座与内部管线插座之间产生一距离。由于该距离，两个外部管线之间的流体连接为可能的。该构思允许连接件在没有偏移的情况下被制造，以使其可以以特别简单的方式，以塑料材料的成品注塑模制零件的形式产生。
附图说明
本发明的有利实施例的附加细节为说明书或附图的主题。描述的实施例的单独特征可在从整个上下文取出时具有创造性的重要性。附图示出：
图1为根据本发明的具有流体连接系统的冷冻探针的极大简化的透视图，该流体连接系统在远侧探针部分与近侧流体供应源之间；
图2为从根据图1的冷冻探针的流体连接系统的不同观看方向的透视图；
图3为组装之前的根据图2的流体连接系统的分解视图；
图4为根据图2和图3的流体连接系统的局部截面透视图；
图5为根据图2至图4的流体连接系统的纵向截面；以及
图6和图7为均呈纵向截面的根据本发明的流体连接系统的修改的实施例。
部件列表
10冷冻探针
11流体插件
12,13,14插销
15第一流体输送布置
16连接件/流体连接系统
17第二流体输送布置
18冷冻头部
19第一内部管线
20第一外部管线
21第二内部管线
22第二外部管线
23外部管线插座
24套环
25外周边表面
26凹槽
27肋
28径向通路
29轴向通路开口
30台阶
31粘合剂
32内部管线插座
33间隔件
34环形肩部
35井区段
36粘合剂注入开口
37壁
38开口
39粘合剂注入开口
40,41粘合剂
42屏障。
具体实施方式
图1示出了设置用于在内窥镜应用方面使用的冷冻探针10。近侧地，冷冻探针10包括具有插销12,13,14的流体插件11，液体或气态流体可经由这些插销供应或排放。从流体插件11开始，存在通向流体连接系统的同轴流体输送布置15，该流体连接系统优选地由连接件16表示。第二流体输送布置17沿远侧方向远离连接件16延伸。在第二流体输送布置17的远侧端部上设有效应器，例如，冷冻头部18。图1的图示并不是按比例的，第一流体输送布置15的长度可高达若干米。此外，第二流体输送布置的长度可为相当大的，并且范围从几分米至一米以上。具体长度取决于期望的应用情况。
两个流体输送布置15,17为同轴布置，如可从图2和图3推断的。第一流体输送布置15包括第一内部管线19和第一外部管线20，第一外部管线20优选地由紫外线可透过的塑料构成。在流体输送布置15中，内部管线19延伸穿过外部管线20的管腔，在该情况下，外部管线20的管腔的直径显著大于第一内部管线19的外部直径。管线19以游隙放置在第一外部管线20的内腔内。即使内部管线19不定心在外部管线中，这仍将被称为同轴布置。
类似地，这适用于第二流体输送布置17，其包括布置成以便相对于彼此同轴的第二内部管线21和第二外部管线22。这意味着第二内部管线21延伸穿过第二外部管线22的管腔，而不需要以精确定心的方式延伸。在第二内部管线21的外表面与第二外部管线22的内表面之间存在距离，以使现有的环形空间可用作流体返回部。
第一内部管线19连接于流体插件11的插销12至14中的一个。第一流体输送管线20连接于插销12至14中的另一个。第一内部管线19和第一外部管线20的自由流动截面显著大于第二内部管线21和第二外部管线22的自由流动截面。同样地，第二流体输送布置17的外直径优选地小于第一流体输送布置15的外直径。
流体连接系统可在组装之前从图3中推断，并且在组装之后从图4和5中推断。如明显的，该系统优选地由连接件16表示，连接件16优选地由紫外线可透过的塑料构成，所述连接件具有代表一个外部管线插座23的连接器状区段。其具有套环24，套环24界定终止于套环上的外周边表面25，所述表面形成用于第一外部管线20的座。外周边表面25可为圆柱形的，或者如描绘的，为结构化的，因为其具有若干个，优选为周边的凹槽26，以及可选地一个或更多个肋27，一个或更多个肋27的锯齿形轮廓允许外部管线20可滑动到外周边表面25上，然而，这阻止从所述外部管线的拉开。
从外周边表面25开始，径向通路28延伸至容纳第二外部管线22的轴向通路开口29和用于这些的座。通路开口29延伸直到台阶30，其中通路开口29的直径略微减小。然而，减小的内直径显著大于第二内部管线21的外直径，并且优选地至少与第二外部管线22的内直径一样大。在组装的状态下，第二外部管线22的近侧面邻接抵靠该台阶，并且第二内部管线以径向游隙延伸穿过通路开口29。
毛细间隙形成在通路开口29的内表面与第二外部管线22的外表面之间，所述间隙的宽度确定尺寸成使得填充到通路28中的可固化粘合剂迁移到所得的间隙中，并且在通路开口29的远侧端部的面向侧上形成弯月面，而不泄漏出。
如明显的，台阶30在从远侧方向观看时越过通路28布置，以使通路28从第一外部管线20的内侧延伸，并且延伸至第二外部管线22的外侧。通路28位于台阶30与套环24之间。换句话说：第二外部管线22的端部插入到第一外部管线20中。填充到通路28中的粘合剂31还润湿外周边表面25(以及可选地，凹槽26)，以使在连结状态下，粘合剂粘合形成在第一外部管线20与第二返回管线22之间，其中流体连接系统16的外部管线插座23被插置。
第二内部管线21从第二外部管线22的近侧端部突出，并且延伸直到第一内部管线19的远侧端部且延伸到其中，该远侧端部其自身与第一外部管线20明显地重叠。第一内部管线19的远侧端部由内部管线插座32接收，内部管线插座32经由一个或更多个间隔件33连接于外部管线插座23。
内部管线插座32由管状区段形成，其内直径最低限度地大于第一内部管线19的外直径。内部管线插座32的管状区段在环形肩部34上过渡到井区段35中，井区段35具有粘合剂填充开口36，并且沿朝向间隔件33的方向由壁37闭合。该壁具有开口38，开口38具有优选地大于第二内部管线21的直径的直径。优选地，开口38的直径至少与环形肩部34的内直径一样大。由于这一切，故可设计用于生产呈注塑模制零件的形式的连接件16的特别简单的注塑模制工具。第二内部管线21延伸穿过该开口38，并且穿过井区段35，并且到内部管线插座32中或穿过内部管线插座32。
内部管线插座32具有至少优选一个粘合剂填充开口39，其沿径向方向延伸穿过管状内部管线插座32的壁，并且优选地邻近于粘合剂填充开口36。在内部管线插座32的内表面与第一内部管线19的外表面之间，优选地形成毛细间隙，其具有使得粘合剂抽吸到毛细间隙中而不泄漏出的宽度。优选地，粘合剂在内部管线插座32的近侧面上形成适当的弯月面。同样地，第一内部管线19的内直径和第二内部管线21的外直径以如下方式适应于彼此，使得圆柱形的环形间隙吸收井区段35中提供的粘合剂，而没有所述粘合剂到达或闭合第二内部管线21的近侧端部。
关于其直径，开口38有利地以如下方式确定尺寸成使得在开口38填充有液体粘合剂之后粘合剂41从井区段35的不受控制泄漏将不发生。
制造迄今为止在上文中描述的流体连接系统16，如参照图3和图4阐释的：
参照根据图3的流体连接系统，首先第二流体输送布置17插入，直到第二内部管线21突出穿过内部管线插座32，并且第二外部管线22邻接抵靠台阶30。此后，第一流体输送布置15附接于流体连接系统，其中第一内部管线19滑动到第二内部管线21上，并且到内部管线插座32中，直到由环形肩部34形成的止动件。现在粘合剂31,40,41填充到通路28中并且到粘合剂填充开口36,39中。这样做时，粘合剂润湿通路开口29的内表面以及第二外部管线22的外表面。此外，粘合剂40润湿第一内部管线19的外表面和内部管线插座32的内表面。经由粘合剂填充开口36注入的粘合剂41润湿第二内部管线21的外表面，并且渗透到两个内部管线19,21之间的中间空间中。附加的粘合剂分别施加于凹槽26和外周边表面25，于是第一外部管线20滑动到外周边表面25上。接着，粘合剂31,40,41的固化开始。优选地，这可由UV辐射完成。这样做，第一外部管线20和/或流体连接系统(即，该注塑模制零件由其构成的塑料)制造成以便能够透过紫外线和/或传导紫外线。
在使粘合剂固化之后，耐用、牢固、耐压的连接形成在第一流体输送布置15与第二流体输送布置17之间。
根据本发明的流体连接系统由塑料的单个注塑模制零件构造，其容纳同轴的第一流体输送布置15以及同样同轴的第二流体输送布置17，并且提供了用于粘合剂的若干储存器，该若干储存器允许用于将两个流体输送布置15,17粘合于彼此的耐压安全过程。流体连接系统以仅一个构件，也就是连接件16中的高功能集成为特征。此外，利用连接件16和粘合剂连接，实现显示机械拉伸强度的两个流体输送布置15,17的连接。
图6示出了上文中的描述类似地应用于其的、根据本发明的流体连接系统的修改的实施例。此外，该实施例具有位于第二内部管线21上的屏障42，所述屏障以摩擦锁定的方式保持在内部管线21上，并且例如由橡胶或塑料盘形成。在连结过程期间，屏障42与开口38接触，并且在胶合过程期间防止粘合剂在该点处的泄漏。在粘合剂固化之后，屏障42不再具有任何功能。
流体连接系统的另一个修改的实施例由图7示出。此外，在该情况下，上文中的描述类似地应用。此外，应用的是，开口38可比环形肩部34窄，并且还比通路开口29窄。特别地，开口38可为漏斗状的，即，其可构造成以便朝向开口29锥形地变宽，以便便于第二内部管线21到连接件16中的插入(在一方面)，以及胶合过程的处理(在另一方面)。
上文中描述的流体连接系统中的各个仅包括需要连接和密封的少数(也就是四个)界面，这优选地通过平面粘合来完成。设计仅需要最小的适应需求，关于零件与彼此的尺寸和大小的适应。此外，根据本发明的连接系统允许快速组装和最小的组装努力。这导致由于必要零件的低成本而产生的降低的产品成本。最后，连接系统的大小和重量减小。本发明允许简单密封和连接技术的使用，特别是通过胶合(例如，借助于UV固化的粘合剂，利用毛细作用来填充粘合剂间隙)的连接。由于通过胶合的连接和密封，故公差可被补偿，这就是为什么所使用的零件，特别是内部管线19,21和外部管线20,22关于精度经受较少的要求的原因。例如，内部管线19,21可沿轴向方向推动远离(例如，若干厘米)。由此，即使形成在两个内部管线19,21之间的粘合剂间隙比理想的大，仍防止了粘合剂流动到第二内部管线21的开口端部中。再次，需要较少的零件。此外，由于通过胶合产生的密封，故不存在例如用于压制密封元件的所需零件。同样地，可省略如O形环等的单独的密封元件。通过使用预限定的粘合剂井(粘合剂储存器)，胶合过程可为自动化的，并且确保了可靠的过程。利用粘合剂，气体供应源相对于高达130巴的气体返回被密封。
代替金属的塑料的使用允许较少的零件和材料成本，特别是由于使用注塑模制的塑料零件。

Claims (15)

1.器械或探针，其包括流体连接系统(16)，所述流体连接系统(16)用于将具有第一外直径的第一同轴流体输送布置(15)连接于具有第二外直径的第二同轴流体输送布置(17)，
其中，所述第一同轴流体输送布置(15)包括第一内部管线(19)和第一外部管线(20)，所述第一外部管线(20)的端部突出越过所述第一内部管线(19)的端部，
其中，所述第二同轴流体输送布置(17)包括第二外部管线(22)和第二内部管线(21)，所述第二内部管线(21)的端部突出越过所述第二外部管线(22)的端部，并且所述第二内部管线(21)延伸到所述第一内部管线(19)中并且连接于其，
其中两个外部管线(20,22)的所述端部经由流体连接系统(16)的外部管线插座(23)连接于彼此，并且所述外部管线插座(23)具有外周边表面(25)，所述第一外部管线(20)保持在所述外周边表面(25)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述第一外部管线(20)胶合于所述外部管线插座(23)的所述外周边表面(25)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述外部管线插座(23)具有开口(29)，所述第二外部管线(22)保持在所述开口(29)中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述第二外部管线(22)胶合于所述开口(29)的内表面。
5.根据权利要求4所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述外部管线插座(23)具有从所述外周边表面(25)延伸至所述开口(29)的所述内表面的通路(28)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述通路(28)为粘合剂储存器。
7.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述第二外部管线(22)的所述端部延伸到所述第一外部管线(20)中。
8.根据权利要求1-6中的一项所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述第一内部管线(19)和所述第二内部管线(21)胶合于彼此。
9.根据权利要求1-6中的一项所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述流体连接系统(16)包括内部管线插座(32)，所述第一内部管线(19)保持在所述内部管线插座(32)中。
10.根据权利要求9所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述内部管线插座(32)具有用于所述第一内部管线(19)的座，由此所述座具有粘合剂填充开口(39)，所述粘合剂填充开口(39)与所述第一内部管线(19)的外表面连通，并且构造为用于粘合剂的储存器。
11.根据权利要求1-6中的一项所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述流体连接系统(16)包括内部管线插座(32)，所述第二内部管线(21)保持在所述内部管线插座(32)中。
12.根据权利要求11所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述内部管线插座(32)包括粘合剂接收空间(35)，所述第二内部管线(21)延伸穿过所述粘合剂接收空间，并且所述粘合剂接收空间与所述第一内部管线(19)连通。
13.根据权利要求9所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述流体连接系统(16)包括连接于所述内部管线插座(32)的间隔件(33)。
14.根据权利要求1-6中的一项所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述器械为冷冻探针(10)。
15.根据权利要求1所述的器械或探针，其特征在于，所述器械或探针用于内窥镜使用。
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