CN108400426A - 天线组件及移动终端 - Google Patents

天线组件及移动终端 Download PDF

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CN108400426A
CN108400426A CN201810070549.6A CN201810070549A CN108400426A CN 108400426 A CN108400426 A CN 108400426A CN 201810070549 A CN201810070549 A CN 201810070549A CN 108400426 A CN108400426 A CN 108400426A
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antenna
radiating
antenna module
glass
phase shifter
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CN108400426B (zh
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王超
夏晓岳
邾志民
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ACC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Holdings Nanjing Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075Stripline fed arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/22Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
    • H01Q3/38Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026Details of the structure or mounting of specific components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种天线组件,应用于移动终端,所述移动终端包括3D玻璃壳体和贴设于所述3D玻璃壳体的内侧表面的PCB板,所述天线组件包括收容于所述3D玻璃壳体内的柔性电路板、辐射天线以及移相器,所述辐射天线贴附于所述柔性电路板,所述移相器设置于所述PCB板并与所述辐射天线连接,所述3D玻璃壳体的内侧表面朝向所述PCB板。与相关技术相比,本发明提供的一种天线组件,其辐射的电磁波空间损耗小、天线与3D玻璃壳结合紧密、机械稳定性良好且不容易损坏天线而导致失效或者性能变差。

Description

天线组件及移动终端
【技术领域】
本发明涉及天线技术领域,尤其涉及一种天线组件及移动终端。
【背景技术】
在无线通信设备中,总存在一个向空间辐射电磁能量和从空间接收电磁能量的装置,这个装置就是天线。天线的作用是将调制到射频频率的数字信号或模拟信号发射到空间无线信道,或从空间无线信道接收调制在射频频率上的数字或模拟信号。
5G作为全球业界的研发焦点,发展5G技术制定5G标准已经成为业界共识。国际电信联盟ITU在2015年6月召开的ITU-RWP5D第22次会议上明确了5G的主要应用场景,ITU定义了三个主要应用场景:增强型移动宽带、大规模机器通信、高可靠低延时通信。上述3个应用场景分别对应着不同的关键指标,其中增强型移动带宽场景下用户峰值速度为 20Gbps,最低用户体验速率为100Mbps。为了达到这些苛刻的指标,若干关键技术将被采用,其中就包含毫米波技术。
毫米波频段丰富的带宽资源为高速传输速率提供了保障,但是由于该频段电磁波剧烈的空间损耗,利用毫米波频段的无线通信系统需要采用相控阵的架构。通过移相器使得各个阵元的相位按一定规律分布,从而形成高增益波束,并且通过相移的改变使得波束在一定空间范围内扫描。
采用3D玻璃的移动终端架构是未来的主流方向,这是因为3D玻璃具有轻薄、抗指纹、耐候性及出色的触控手感等特点,同时未来无线充电和 5G毫米波天线等技术会放弃掉具有屏蔽效果的金属外壳,而具有优越物理性能的3D玻璃将成为首选。
因此,有必要提供一种新型的天线组件以解决上述问题。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种天线组件,其辐射的电磁波空间损耗小、天线与3D玻璃壳结合紧密、机械稳定性良好且不容易损坏天线而导致失效或者性能变差。
本发明的技术方案如下:一种天线组件,应用于移动终端,所述移动终端包括3D玻璃壳体和收容于所述3D玻璃壳体内的PCB板,所述天线组件包括贴设于所述3D玻璃壳体的内侧表面的柔性电路板、辐射天线以及移相器,所述辐射天线贴附于所述柔性电路板,所述移相器设置于所述 PCB板并与所述辐射天线连接,所述3D玻璃壳体的内侧表面朝向所述PCB 板。
优选的,所述3D玻璃壳体包括屏幕面、与所述屏幕面相对的后壳面以及夹设于所述屏幕面和所述后壳面的侧壁,所述辐射天线通过所述柔性电路板紧密贴附于所述侧壁上。
优选的,所述辐射天线数量为阵列天线,其包括多个辐射单元,多个所述辐射单元沿所述侧壁的周向方向阵列设置。
优选的,所述辐射天线为毫米波天线。
优选的,所述移相器为5bit移相器,所述移相器的精度为11.25°。
优选的,所述天线组件还包括与所述移相器电连接的馈电网络和控制电路,所述馈电网络和所述控制电路均设置于所述PCB板。
本发明还提供了一种移动终端,包括所述的天线组件。
与相关技术相比,本发明提供的一种天线组件具有如下有益效果:
1)将馈电网络、移相器和控制电路设置在PCB板上,实现与主板的一体化;
2)将辐射天线贴附在柔性电路板上,便于弯折,实现辐射天线与3D 玻璃壳体紧密贴合;
3)将辐射天线放置于侧壁,减少移动终端内的金属体对辐射天线的辐射性能的影响,减少电磁波空间损耗;
4)将辐射天线放置于柔性电路板,将馈电网络、移相器和控制电路设置在PCB板上,实现充分利用移动终端内部空间的同时大大缩减了辐射天线的整体尺寸;
5)采用柔性电路板,实现辐射天线与3D玻璃壳体紧密贴合,不但不会影响辐射天线的辐射性能,而且还避免了因为3D玻璃壳体和辐射天线间存在空气而产生的方向图畸变;
6)通过柔性电路板将辐射天线紧密贴附于3D玻璃壳体内侧表面,使得天线组件具有更好的机械稳定性,不会因摔落、震荡等原因导致辐射天线的损坏、失效或者辐射性能变差。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图,其中:
图1为本发明移动终端的立体分解图;
图2为本发明天线组件的结构示意图;
图3为本发明天线组件在各个辐射单元等幅同相馈电情况下的覆盖示意图;
图4为本发明天线组件在各个辐射单元的相位差为90°情况下的覆盖示意图;
图5为本发明天线组件的总扫描模式图;
图6为应用本发明天线组件的覆盖效率图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1和图2,本发明实施例提供了一种移动终端100,例如手机,包括3D玻璃壳体1以及收容于所述3D玻璃壳体1内的PCB板2和天线组件3。
所述3D玻璃壳体1可以为曲面玻璃屏幕,包括屏幕面11、与所述屏幕面11相对的后壳面12以及夹设于所述屏幕面11和所述后壳面12的侧壁13侧壁。由于所述3D玻璃壳体1由玻璃制成,可以尽可能减少对所述天线组件3辐射的电磁波的影响,从而降低电磁波空间损耗。
请一并参阅图1、图2,所述天线组件3包括贴设于所述3D玻璃壳体 1的内侧表面14的柔性电路板30、辐射天线31以及移相器32,所述3D 玻璃壳体1的内侧表面14朝向所述PCB板2。所述辐射天线31为阵列天线,用于接收和辐射电磁波,并贴附于所述柔性电路板30,可随所述柔性电路板30弯折,实现所述辐射天线31与所述3D玻璃壳体1紧密贴合。所述柔性电路板30的一端与所述PCB板2结合固定,另一端弯折以与所述 3D玻璃壳体1的内侧表面紧密贴合。在本发明优选的实施例中,所述辐射天线31为毫米波天线,实现所述天线组件3具有更高的信号传输速率。
所述辐射天线31通过所述柔性电路板30紧密贴附于所述3D玻璃壳体1内侧表面,在本发明具体的实施例中,贴附于所述侧壁11内侧表面。将辐射天线放置于侧壁,减少移动终端100内的金属体对所述辐射天线31 的辐射性能的影响,减少电磁波空间损耗。
所述辐射天线31包括多个辐射单元310,多个所述辐射单元310沿所述侧壁13的周向方向阵列设置。在本发明的具体实施例中,所述辐射单元 310的数量为四个,相应的,所述移相器32为四个,每一所述辐射单元310 连接一所述移相器32,通过所述移相器32的控制,实现四个所述辐射单元310的相位按一定规律分布,从而形成高增益波束,并且通过相移的改变使得波束在一定空间范围内扫描,具体如图3和图4所示。
所述天线组件3还包括与所述移相器32电连接的馈电网络33和控制电路(图未示)。所述移相器32、所述馈电网络以及所述控制电路均设置于所述PCB板2,实现与所述移动终端100内的主板的一体化。所述移相器32为5bit移相器,精度为11.25°,其与所述辐射天线31连接,通过所述移相器32的相移的改变来改变所述辐射天线31辐射的电磁波波束的方向。如图5和图6所示,通过波束扫描,天线组件3可以实现比较宽范围的波束覆盖。
与相关技术相比,本发明提供的所述天线组件3具有如下有益效果:
1)将馈电网络、移相器和控制电路设置在PCB板2上,实现与主板的一体化;
2)将辐射天线31贴附在柔性电路板30上,便于弯折,实现辐射天线 31与3D玻璃壳体1紧密贴合;
3)将辐射天线31放置于侧壁11,减少移动终端100内的金属体对辐射天线31的辐射性能的影响,减少电磁波空间损耗;
4)将辐射天线31放置于柔性电路板30,将馈电网络33、移相器32 和控制电路设置在PCB板2上,实现充分利用移动终端100内部空间的同时大大缩减了辐射天线31的整体尺寸;
5)采用柔性电路板30,实现辐射天线31与3D玻璃壳体1紧密贴合,不但不会影响辐射天线31的辐射性能,而且还避免了因为3D玻璃壳体1 和辐射天线31间存在空气而产生的方向图畸变;
6)通过柔性电路板30将辐射天线31紧密贴附于3D玻璃壳体1内侧表面,使得天线组件3具有更好的机械稳定性,不会因摔落、震荡等原因导致辐射天线31的损坏、失效或者辐射性能变差。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式,在此应当指出,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出改进,但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种天线组件,应用于移动终端,所述移动终端包括3D玻璃壳体和收容于所述3D玻璃壳体内的PCB板,其特征在于,所述天线组件包括贴设于所述3D玻璃壳体的内侧表面的柔性电路板、辐射天线以及移相器,所述辐射天线贴附于所述柔性电路板,所述移相器设置于所述PCB板并与所述辐射天线连接,所述3D玻璃壳体的内侧表面朝向所述PCB板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的天线组件,其特征在于,所述3D玻璃壳体包括屏幕面、与所述屏幕面相对的后壳面以及夹设于所述屏幕面和所述后壳面的侧壁,所述辐射天线通过所述柔性电路板紧密贴附于所述侧壁上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的天线组件,其特征在于,所述辐射天线为阵列天线,其包括多个辐射单元,多个所述辐射单元沿所述侧壁的周向方向设置。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的天线组件,其特征在于,所述辐射天线为毫米波天线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的天线组件,其特征在于,所述移相器为5bit移相器,所述移相器的精度为11.25°。
6.根据权利要求1所述的天线组件,其特征在于,所述天线组件还包括与所述移相器电连接的馈电网络和控制电路,所述馈电网络和所述控制电路均设置于所述PCB板。
7.一种移动终端,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1-6任意一项所述的天线组件。
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