CN108832250B - 天线组件及移动终端 - Google Patents

天线组件及移动终端 Download PDF

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CN108832250B
CN108832250B CN201810651561.6A CN201810651561A CN108832250B CN 108832250 B CN108832250 B CN 108832250B CN 201810651561 A CN201810651561 A CN 201810651561A CN 108832250 B CN108832250 B CN 108832250B
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antenna
antenna assembly
slot
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CN108832250A (zh
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雍征东
邾志民
丹尼尔杰森
夏晓岳
王超
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Ruisheng Technology Nanjing Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
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    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
    • H01Q3/38—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital
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    • H04M1/0279—Improving the user comfort or ergonomics
    • H04M1/0283—Improving the user comfort or ergonomics for providing a decorative aspect, e.g. customization of casings, exchangeable faceplate
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    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
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    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种天线组件，包括设有闭合金属边框的后盖以及设置于所述后盖内的电路板，所述金属边框上阵列设置多个天线单元，每一所述天线单元包括天线缝隙以及通过所述天线缝隙将所述金属边框分隔形成的第一金属部和第二金属部，所述电路板上设有多个移相器。与相关技术相比，本发明提供的一种天线组件具有美观度好、热扩散快、辐射性能好以及具有良好的天线增益和空间覆盖率的有益效果。

Description

天线组件及移动终端
【技术领域】
本发明涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线组件及移动终端。
【背景技术】
在无线通信设备中，总存在一个向空间辐射电磁能量和从空间接收电磁能量的装置，这个装置就是天线。天线的作用是将调制到射频频率的数字信号或模拟信号发射到空间无线信道，或从空间无线信道接收调制在射频频率上的数字或模拟信号。
5G作为全球业界的研发焦点，发展5G技术制定5G标准已经成为业界共识。国际电信联盟ITU在2015年6月召开的ITU-RWP5D第22次会议上明确了5G的三个主要应用场景：增强型移动宽带、大规模机器通信、高可靠低延时通信。这3个应用场景分别对应着不同的关键指标，其中增强型移动带宽场景下用户峰值速度为20Gbps，最低用户体验速率为100Mbps。毫米波独有的高载频、大带宽特性是实现5G超高数据传输速率的主要手段。
毫米波频段丰富的带宽资源为高速传输速率提供了保障，但是由于该频段电磁波剧烈的空间损耗，利用毫米波频段的无线通信系统需要采用相控阵的架构。在相关技术中，通过移相器使得各个阵元的相位按一定规律分布，从而形成高增益波束，并且通过相移的改变使得波束在一定空间范围内扫描。
金属边框架构是手机结构设计中的主流方案，能提供更好的保护、美观度、热扩散以及用户体验，但是由于金属对电磁波的屏蔽作用，会严重影响上、下天线的辐射性能，降低天线的增益。
因此，有必要提供一种新型的天线组件以解决上述问题。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种天线组件，其美观度好、热扩散快、辐射性能好以及具有良好的天线增益和空间覆盖率。
本发明的技术方案如下：一种天线组件，包括设有闭合金属边框的后盖，所述金属边框上沿所述金属边框的周向方向阵列设置多个天线单元，每一所述天线单元包括天线缝隙以及通过所述天线缝隙将所述金属边框分隔形成的第一金属部和第二金属部。
优选的，所述天线组件还包括设置于所述后盖内的电路板，所述电路板上设有多个移相器，每一个所述移相器与一个所述天线单元电连接。
优选的，所述天线单元还包括填充于所述天线缝隙内的聚碳酸酯材料。
优选的，所述天线单元通过纳米成型工艺在所述金属边框上制成。
优选的，所述天线单元的数量为四个。
优选的，所述金属边框包括两相对设置长侧边框和连接两所述长侧边框的两短侧边框，所述天线单元设置于所述短侧边框。
优选的，所述移相器为5bit移相器，所述移相器的精度为11.25°。
优选的，所述天线缝隙呈开口圆环形，所述天线缝隙的外径为3mm，内径为2mm。
优选的，所述天线缝隙呈闭口圆环形、L形、V形、长条形或者十字形中的任意一种。
本发明还提供了一种移动终端，包括所述的天线组件，所述天线缝隙裸露于所述移动终端的外部。
与相关技术相比，本发明提供的一种天线组件，其通过在金属边框上设置多个天线单元，利用天线缝隙将金属边框分隔出第一金属部和第二金属部，通过移相器控制各个天线单元的相位，实现一定空间范围内的波束扫描，从而使得天线组件具有美观度好、热扩散快、辐射性能好以及具有良好的天线增益和空间覆盖率的有益效果。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本发明天线组件的结构示意图；
图2为图1中A部分的放大图；
图3为本发明天线组件在零相移情况下的覆盖示意图；
图4为本发明天线组件的总扫描模式图；
图5为应用本发明天线组件的覆盖效率图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1和图2，本发明实施例提供了一种天线组件100，应用于移动终端，例如手机。所述天线组件100包括设有闭合金属边框11的后盖1以及设置于所述后盖1内的电路板2，所述金属边框11上沿所述金属边框11的周向方向阵列设置多个天线单元12。
每一所述天线单元12包括天线缝隙121以及通过所述天线缝隙121将所述金属边框11分隔形成的第一金属部122和第二金属部123，由于手机等移动终端的长度较大，即使所述金属边框11开设所述天线缝隙121也能够满足所述后盖1的强度要求，从而保证抗跌落的性能，且将所述天线缝隙121设置于所述金属边框11上，能够增加移动终端的美观性。
所述金属边框11包括两相对设置长侧边框111和连接两所述长侧边框111的两短侧边框112，所述天线单元12设置于所述短侧边框112。由于手机等移动终端的设计，所述长侧边框111用于提供握手的地方，因此，将所述天线单元12设置于所述短侧边框112，手不会遮挡所述天线单元12，从而更有利于所述天线单元12进行信号辐射和接收，不仅如此，所述天线单元12设置于移动终端底端的所述短侧边框112上，还不会影响到移动终端的外观。
所述天线单元12还包括填充于所述天线缝隙121内的聚碳酸酯材料，利于信号从所述天线缝隙121通过。另外，通过填充聚碳酸酯材料还可以有效防止外界环境中的水、灰尘等通过所述天线缝隙121进入到移动终端内部，保证所述金属边框11外表光滑整洁。在本发明优选的实施例中，所述天线缝隙121呈开口圆环形，圆环形的所述天线缝隙121的外径为3mm，内径为2mm。当然，所述天线缝隙121的形状并不局限于开口圆环形，像闭口圆环形、L形、V形、长条形或者十字形都是可行的，本发明保护的范围并不局限于此，相等同的其它形状的所述天线缝隙121同样理应属于本发明的保护范围。
在本发明提供的具体实施例中，所述天线单元12的数量为四个，所述天线单元12的数量可以根据实际的需要设置合理的数量，但这理应属于本发明的保护范围内。所述天线单元12通过纳米成型工艺在所述金属边框11上制成，这样可以有效简化并缩短所述天线单元12的制造工艺，减少对所述金属边框11不必要的表面处理工艺，同时，在制造所述天线单元12时，可以尽量减少对环境的影响。
所述电路板2上设有多个移相器(图未示)，所述移相器为5bit移相器，精度为11.25°。通过设置所述移相器来调节所述天线单元12辐射的信号的相位，从而实现多个所述天线单元12的相位按一定规律分布，从而形成高增益波束，并且通过相移的改变使得波束在一定空间范围内扫描，从而提高所述天线组件11的空间覆盖率。具体请参阅图3，各个所述天线单元12等幅同相馈电时，其波束正对天线单元12所在的金属边框11朝外的方向。参阅图4至图5，所述天线组件11的空间覆盖率极大。图5中横坐标单位为dB。
所述天线组件100还包括多根同轴探针(图未示)，每一根所述同轴探针电连接一所述移相器20和一所述天线单元12，所述同轴探针包括同轴线内导体和套设于所述同轴线内导体的同轴线外导体，所述同轴线内导体连接所述第一金属部122，所述同轴线外导体连接所述第二金属部123。采用这种同轴馈电的方式，各所述天线单元12各自传输信号时不会产生辐射损耗，不仅不会受外界信号的干扰，而且工作频带更宽，可以用于毫米波的波段，非常适合5G超高数据传输速率。
本发明还提供了一种移动终端，包括所述的天线组件，所述天线缝隙121裸露于所述移动终端的外部。
与相关技术相比，本发明提供的一种天线组件100，其通过在金属边框11上设置多个天线单元12，利用天线缝隙121将金属边框11分隔出第一金属部122和第二金属部123，通过移相器控制各个天线单元12的相位，实现一定空间范围内的波束扫描，从而使得天线组件100具有美观度好、热扩散快、辐射性能好以及具有良好的天线增益和空间覆盖率的有益效果。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种天线组件，包括设有闭合金属边框的后盖，其特征在于，所述金属边框上沿所述金属边框的周向方向阵列设置多个天线单元，每一所述天线单元包括天线缝隙以及通过所述天线缝隙将所述金属边框分隔形成的第一金属部和第二金属部，所述天线组件还包括设置于所述后盖内的电路板，所述电路板上设有多个移相器，每一个所述移相器与一个所述天线单元电连接，所述移相器为5bit移相器，所述移相器的精度为11.25°。
2.根据权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线单元还包括填充于所述天线缝隙内的聚碳酸酯材料。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线单元通过纳米成型工艺在所述金属边框上制成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线单元的数量为四个。
5.根据权利要求3所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述金属边框包括两相对设置长侧边框和连接两所述长侧边框的两短侧边框，所述天线单元设置于所述短侧边框。
6.根据权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线缝隙呈开口圆环形，所述天线缝隙的外径为3mm，内径为2mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线缝隙呈闭口圆环形、L形、V形、长条形或者十字形中的任意一种。
8.一种移动终端，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的天线组件，所述天线缝隙裸露于所述移动终端的外部。
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