CN108398809B

CN108398809B - Device for preventing and treating myopia by exercising scotopic vision and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN108398809B
Application number: CN201810107818.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方文卿; 汪育文; 杨超普; 阳帆; 赖珍荃; 张旭
Original assignee: Lattice Power Jiangxi Corp
Current assignee: Lattice Power Jiangxi Corp
Priority date: 2018-02-02
Filing date: 2018-02-02
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-02-02
Also published as: CN108398809A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a device and a method for preventing and treating myopia by exercising scotopic vision, which comprises a spectacle frame, lenses and spectacle arms, wherein the lenses are provided with shading components for reducing light transmittance; the light transmittance of the lens is specially controlled through the lens with different shading components, so that a user can only clearly see the outline of an object and cannot clearly see the color of the object when using the lens, and the aim of exercising dark vision and preventing myopia is fulfilled; the invention mainly provides a method for preventing myopia by training scotopic vision by wearing the device when students go to language class classes and do not need to use vision; can also reduce photochemical injury and non-visual effect of eyes, not only has the effect of preventing and treating myopia directly, but also can achieve the purposes of health care and myopia prevention and treatment by preventing and treating endocrine dyscrasia, sexual precocity and obesity. The method has strong operability and is easy to popularize.

Description

Device for preventing and treating myopia by exercising scotopic vision and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a device for preventing and treating myopia by exercising scotopic vision, and simultaneously discloses a using method of the device.

Background

Myopia is listed as one of three diseases in the world, and data analysis shows that the number of myopia population in China is more than 4.5 hundred million, almost one of every three people is myopia, and the myopia rate of the population in China can reach 50% quickly. Wherein, the serious-disaster area of myopia is the age range of teenagers of 10-18 years old, the incidence rate of myopia of the teenagers in China surpasses that of the other countries, and the myopia is the first to live in the world. The investigation shows that the poor eyesight rates of the current nationwide students of small, early, high and big are 45.71%, 74.36%, 83.28% and 86.36%, respectively, and like Shanghai, the myopia rate of the juveniles reaches 95%. According to the current development speed and trend, experts predict that the number of people with myopia in China exceeds 50% and reaches 7 hundred million after three years. Myopia, if not treated or prevented in a timely manner, can exacerbate the myopia, induce cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal damage, and even cause blindness in severe cases. Myopia 80% in adolescents is caused by the use of unhealthy eyes in the afterdays.

Myopic patients often accompany peripheral defocus, and even peripheral defocus causes myopia, namely peripheral defocus is firstly performed and myopia is subsequently performed. By peripheral defocus, we mean that the center of the retina can be imaged normally, but areas of the retina that are a little further from the center cannot be imaged on the retina. If peripheral defocus is behind the retina, i.e. in the case of so-called peripheral defocus hyperopia, the eye will cause the retina to actively adjust in the intracerebral direction, which increases the axial length of the eye, leading to the occurrence of myopia.

Since the rod cells in human eyes are distributed in the peripheral area of retina, the peripheral area becomes irregular and convex towards the brain, which is probably related to the fact that the retina in the peripheral area is not effectively exercised. Modern humans have few opportunities to use scotopic vision, so exercising scotopic vision is likely to be an effective way to prevent myopia. In addition, there is substantial acceptance in the industry that high incidence of myopia is associated with the general prematurity of adolescents, which is associated with non-visual functions of the human eye, and non-visual functions associated with the presence of blue light in the light, so that the light entering the eye is minimized and less light naturally enters the eye in scotopic vision.

Scotopic vision means ambient brightness of less than 10, as defined by the International society for illumination (CIE) in 1983^-3cd/m²The visual sense of the time rod cells are the main photosensitive cells, and the color of the object cannot be distinguished. The brightness of the environment of the photopic vision is several cd/m²(few nits) above, where the cone cells play a major role in differentiating the color of the object. During class in the classroom during the daytime, the intensity of light entering the eyes is artificially changed by wearing "sunglasses". The periphery of the common sunglasses can leak light, and the use occasions are outdoor, and indoor use is not recommended; the color of the object can be distinguished by wearing sunglasses, so the sunglasses are not suitable for the invention basically and should be considered again. The sunglasses close to the present invention are protective glasses for electric welding, but the light transmittance of the glasses is too low to be distinguished from the outline of an object, and the periphery of the sunglasses blocks lightNot good enough.

If a metal film, such as a nickel film (stable in air, good adhesion), is plated on glass, the attenuation of light in metal satisfies I = I₀e^-αd，I₀is the light intensity of the metal surface position but entering the metal, d is the distance of light passing through the metal, if the unit is cm, α is the absorption coefficient, the metal is 10^-7In the order of/cm, for example, a metal layer thickness of 10 angstroms, the light drops to 0.368I_0，If the thickness becomes 50 angstroms, the light becomes 0.00674I₀Therefore, the light transmittance of the lens can be controlled by plating the metal layer with proper thickness. For example, if a 50 angstrom metal film is coated on a lens and the glasses are worn, several nits which play a main role in photopic vision can be changed into 10 nits which play a main role in scotopic vision^-3Nit.

Based on the above consideration and theoretical basis, the invention designs a device and a method for preventing and treating myopia by exercising scotopic vision.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to adapt to the practical requirements, designs a device for preventing and treating myopia by exercising scotopic vision, and also discloses a using method of the device.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:

the utility model provides a device for prevent and cure myopia through taking exercise scotopic vision, includes picture frame, lens and mirror arm, be equipped with the component that is used for reducing the luminousness on the lens, after light passes through the component that reduces the luminousness, its light intensity decay is between 1/100000 to 1/1000 of original intensity.

The light transmittance reducing component is a metal film arranged on the inner side wall and/or the outer side wall of the lens, and the thickness of the metal film and the attenuation of light satisfy the formula: i = I₀e^-αd；

I₀is the light intensity just entering the metal from the surface position of the metal film, and α is the absorption coefficient of the metal.

The component for reducing the light transmittance is metal nano powder distributed in the lens.

The light transmittance reducing component is a dyeing layer arranged on the inner side wall and/or the outer side wall of the lens.

The outer side of the mirror frame is provided with a lens hood, and the lenses are polycarbonate lenses.

The two ends of the second mirror frame are respectively connected with the end parts of the two mirror arms, and the top end of the middle part of the second mirror frame is hinged with the top end of the middle part of the mirror frame; the top end of the middle part of the second mirror frame is provided with a concave connecting block, the top end of the middle part of the second mirror frame is provided with a convex block matched with the groove shape of the connecting block, the side walls of the convex block and the connecting block are provided with through holes for the shaft pin to pass through, and the end part of the shaft pin is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads of the nut.

And a second lens is arranged in the second lens frame and is a myopia lens or a presbyopic lens or a plain lens.

A method of using a device for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision, comprising the steps of:

the first step is as follows: ensuring that the device worn by students in the whole class has the same specification, namely the lens transmittance T is the same;

the second step is that: with vision illuminometer, non-vision illuminometer or silicon photocell record classroom light ambient parameter before class, wherein with the vision illuminometer with classroom luminance B, through the number of switch lamp and the opening and shutting of classroom (window) curtain with the degree, make classroom luminance B unified before class transfer to this device product the ambient brightness value that leaves the factory and require, the mathematical relationship of first step and second step is: the product of transmittance T and classroom brightness B is less than 10^-3cd/m²；

The third step: all students wear the device to attend class;

the fourth step: when a student goes to school, the curtain and the lamp are gradually opened, the process of opening the lamp and the curtain is continued for more than half a minute, then, the student closes the eyes, takes off the device, closes the eyes for more than 10 seconds and gradually opens the two eyes.

The effect inspection step is also included, namely, the computer optometry before class is carried out on all students at any time period before the third step, and the computer optometry after class is carried out on all students within one hour after the fourth step; the report reduces the next non-visual effect.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, through special control of the light transmittance and the ambient light brightness of the lens, a user can only clearly see the outline of an object and cannot clearly see the color of the object when using the lens, so that the aim of exercising dark vision and preventing myopia is achieved;

2. the invention greatly reduces the light entering the eyes by specially controlling the light transmittance of the lens, thereby reducing the photochemical damage and the non-visual effect of the eyes; not only has the effect of preventing and treating myopia directly, but also can achieve the purposes of health care and myopia prevention and treatment by preventing and treating endocrine dyscrasia, sexual precocity and obesity;

3. more particularly, the present invention is capable of reducing blue light entering the eye, thereby reducing photochemical damage to the eye; furthermore, the non-visual effect of light can be reduced, the phenomenon that blue light in the light inhibits secretion of hormones such as human melatonin and the like is avoided, and sexual precocity of children is delayed, so that eyes can fully develop; the blue light in the light is relieved to inhibit the eyes from secreting melatonin, so that the eyes are prevented from being dry; the valuable vision of the masses is saved, and the habit of learning only by hearing and thinking in eyes is developed, so that the biological clock is normal, and the effects of closing eyes and cultivating spirit are achieved;

4. teenagers can store up the effect of far vision when watching near under weak light so as to counteract the development of near vision; under weak light, the pupil is the largest, the eye is relaxed, namely the crystalline lens is in a relaxed state, and the focal point of the crystalline lens moves towards the intracerebral direction, namely the hypermetropia effect. The eyes of the newborn freely develop in the dark for a long time, and the phenomenon of presbyopia is born, so that the conclusions are supported; the phenomenon that the old feel more hypermetropia in the morning and the light is required to be brightened so as to restore the sight of nearby objects is supported by the old;

5. under weak light, the pupil of a teenager is enlarged to the maximum, and the effect of preventing and treating the myopia by dropping the atropine eye drops with low concentration is achieved, one of the means for preventing and treating the myopia recommended by the eye field at present is to drop the atropine eye drops with low concentration, and the eye drops can disperse the pupil, namely, the muscle of the eye is relaxed; in addition, it has been reported that myopia is an abnormal increase in the axis of the eye, which often occurs during the day and does not increase at night, so the scotopic vision exercise of the present invention can reduce the daytime extension of the axis of the eye.

6. The invention has strong operability, is convenient to wear in class without any safety problem, and can be unified in whole class, thereby ensuring the wearing time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lens according to a second embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lens according to a third embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram according to a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic partial structure diagram according to a fourth embodiment;

fig. 7 is a state diagram of the present invention in use.

In the figure, 1 spectacle frame, 2 lenses, 3 spectacle arms, 5 light shields, 6 metal films, 7 dielectric films, 8 metal nano-powders, 9 dyeing layers, 10 second spectacle frames, 11 connecting blocks, 12 bumps, 13 shaft pins, 14 second lenses, 15 lamps, 16 curtains, 17 students and 18 teachers.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: see fig. 1, 2, 7.

The invention discloses a device for preventing and treating myopia by training scotopic vision, which comprises a spectacle frame 1, lenses 2 and spectacle arms 3, wherein the lenses 2 are provided with members for reducing light transmittance, and after light passes through the members for reducing light transmittance, the light intensity is attenuated to be between 1/100000 and 1/1000 of the original intensity. The light transmittance of the lens 2 is specially controlled by arranging the component for reducing the light transmittance on the lens 2, namely, when the device is used under the light condition of a classroom, a user can only see the outline of an object through the lens 2 and cannot see the color of the object, namely, rod-shaped cells in eyes can play a main role at the moment, and cone-shaped cells do not play a role, so that the peripheral area of retina can be effectively exercised; when in study or entertainment, if the user does not need to use the photopic vision, the user wears the scotopic vision glasses, and only the outline of the object can be seen clearly through the scotopic vision lens and the color of the object cannot be seen clearly through the environment brightness adjustment, so that the aim of exercising the scotopic vision is fulfilled; by wearing the device, the photochemical injury and the non-visual effect of eyes are reduced, the myopia prevention and treatment effect is directly realized, and the purposes of health care and myopia prevention and treatment can be achieved by preventing and treating endocrine dyscrasia, sexual precocity and obesity.

In this embodiment, the light transmittance reducing member is a metal film 6 disposed on the inner sidewall and/or the outer sidewall of the lens 2, and the thickness of the metal film 6 and the attenuation of light satisfy the following formula: i = I₀e^-αd；

I₀the light intensity just entering the metal from the surface of the metal film 6, is α the absorption coefficient of the metal, the thickness of the metal film 6 is controlled, and the light intensity is attenuated to between 1/100000 and 1/1000 after passing through the metal film, namely I/I₀Between 1/100000 and 1/1000, the dielectric film 7 is used for protecting the metal film 6 from being corroded by air, avoiding scratches and prolonging the service life of the lens 2.

Preferably, the lens is a polycarbonate lens, and has the advantages of light weight, thin lens, excellent safety, ultraviolet absorption, good weather resistance and the like.

Preferably, the outer side of the glasses frame 1 is provided with a light shield 5 shown in fig. 5, and the light shield 5 is arranged to prevent light from entering the eyes from the side of the glasses, so that the light entering the eyes can be effectively controlled. Preferably, the light shield 5 is made of a light-blocking non-transparent material, and blocks light leakage affecting the side of scotopic vision as much as possible, so that the pupil is enlarged to the maximum, and when the pupil is maximum, the eyes are relaxed.

The invention also discloses a use method of the device for preventing and treating myopia by exercising scotopic vision, which comprises the following steps: the using method comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: the device worn by the students 17 in the whole class is ensured to be the same in specification, namely the transmittance T of the lenses 2 is the same, for example, the transmittance T is unified to one ten thousandth; the value of the transmittance is provided by the manufacturer, who controls the thickness of the metal film 6 to realize the valueE.g. plating a metal nickel film on the surface of the lens 2; the thickness of the metal film 6 and the attenuation of light satisfy the formula: i = I₀e^-αd，I₀the intensity of light at the surface of the metal film 6 but entering the metal, alpha is the absorption coefficient of the metal, and the light absorption coefficient of nickel is 10^-7In this example, the thickness of the metal film 6, i.e., nickel, is deposited by 60 angstroms to obtain I/I₀The dielectric film 7 is used for protecting the metal film 6 from being corroded by air and prolonging the service life of the lens 2 when the dielectric film is attenuated to 1/10000, namely, the attenuation is one ten thousandth of the original attenuation. If the effect of the invention is desired to be observed, computer optometry is carried out before class for students 17 in the whole class if necessary; the non-visual illuminometer records the strength of the non-visual effect of the classroom light environment, the brightness is B1, the time length in class at the back is t, and B1t represents the non-visual effect saved by the student 17;

the second step is that: recording classroom light environment parameters before class by using a visual illuminometer, a non-visual illuminometer or a silicon photocell, wherein the classroom brightness B is uniformly adjusted to the environment brightness value required by leaving factory of the device product before class by using the visual illuminometer, the number of the switch lamps 15 and the opening and closing degree of the classroom curtain 16, such as, but not limited to 10cd/m²The mathematical relationship between the first step and the second step is: the product of transmittance T and classroom brightness B is less than 10^-3cd/m²At this time, only the rod-shaped cells play a main role, the outline of the object can be seen, but the color of the object cannot be seen; the non-visual illuminometer records the strength of the non-visual effect of the classroom light environment, the brightness is B1, the back classroom time is t, and B1t represents that the student reduces the coming non-visual effect;

the third step: all students 17 are on class with the device, and the teacher 18 does not need to wear the device, but wears the device more beneficial to the health of the teacher; the invention does not exclude local, low brightness (e.g. 50 cd/m) for blackboards²) And temporary lighting (turning off the lamp by hand), because chalk characters are mostly white, the blackboard writing teaching can still be carried out.

The fourth step: when a student goes to school, the curtain 16 and the lamp 15 are gradually opened, the process of opening the lamp and the curtain is continued for more than half a minute, then the student 16 closes the eyes, takes off the device, closes the eyes for more than 10 seconds and gradually opens the eyes, and the purpose of the step is to avoid discomfort of the eyes.

Further, an effect checking step is included, namely, computer optometry before class is carried out on all students at any time period before the third step, and computer optometry after class is carried out on all students 17 within one hour after the fourth step; the reduced non-visual effect B1t is reported. The longer the non-visual effect saved by children is, the more backward the sexual maturity time is, the more the corresponding body, mind and eyes can be fully developed, thereby protecting health and preventing and treating myopia. With the advent of the computer family, both adults and children, non-visual effects should be minimized.

The device can be used at home, in public transportation and in meetings, and is effective for adults and children.

The device and the method are suitable for the occasions of language class in classrooms: the eye protection mask can also be used for light environments of families, public transport systems and meetings, is not limited to teenagers, is not limited to myopia prevention and treatment, and can particularly reduce the non-visual effect of wearers.

Example two: see fig. 1, 3, 7.

The same parts of this embodiment as those of the first embodiment are not repeated, but the difference is that in this embodiment, the component for reducing the light transmittance is the metal nano powder 8 uniformly distributed inside the lens 2, preferably iron powder, nickel powder, etc., the lens 2 fixed with the metal nano powder 8 is gray, and the lens can absorb any color spectrum uniformly, so that the observed scene only becomes dark, but no obvious color difference exists, and the real natural feeling is shown, which also belongs to the neutral color system.

Example three: see 1, 4, 7.

The same place with embodiment one in this embodiment is no longer repeated, the difference lies in, shading component is dyeing layer 9 for setting up on 2 inside walls of lens and/or lateral wall in this embodiment, dyeing layer 9 is through soaking the polycarbonate lens in the special liquid that contains the dyeing material in this embodiment, the dyeing material can slowly be absorbed by plastics, form dyeing layer 9, if need the colour darker some, only need prolong lens 2 soak in the liquid the time can, the measurement standard is under classroom light equally, only see clearly the object profile, can't see clearly the object colour and can satisfy and temper the dark vision and prevent and treat visual purpose.

Example four: see fig. 5, 6, 7.

This embodiment is a structural improvement made on the basis of embodiments 1 to 3, and is applicable to the structures of the foregoing embodiments. Preferably, the device of this embodiment further includes a second frame 10 shown in fig. 5, two ends of the second frame 10 are respectively connected to the end portions of the two temple arms 3, and the top end of the middle portion of the second frame 10 is hinged to the top end of the middle portion of the frame 1; when the scotopic vision needs to be exercised, the spectacle frame 1 is rotated to be overlapped with the second spectacle frame 10 by taking the spectacle frame 1 provided with the scotopic vision lenses as a standby spectacle frame; when the glasses are used at ordinary times without training scotopic vision, the glasses frame 1 is rotated to the position above the second glasses frame 10, and then the glasses can be used as normal glasses;

preferably, the top end of the middle part of the second mirror frame 10 is provided with a concave connecting block 11, the top end of the middle part of the mirror frame 1 is provided with a convex block 12 matched with the groove shape of the connecting block 11, the side walls of the convex block 12 and the connecting block 11 are provided with through holes for the shaft pin 13 to pass through, and the end part of the shaft pin 13 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the nut.

Preferably, a second lens 14 is disposed in the second frame 10, and the second lens 14 is a myopic lens, a presbyopic lens, or a plano lens. The second lens 14 can be set according to the eye condition of the user, and if the user is a myopia, a myopia spectacle lens can be assembled; if the presbyopia is the presbyopia, the presbyopic glasses can be assembled; even the flat eye piece can be assembled even without the lens if the vision is normal.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention and the contents of the drawings or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision, characterized in that: including picture frame (1), lens (2) and mirror arm (3) the picture frame (1) outside is equipped with the lens hood, and the lens hood adopts the non-transparent material that is in the light to make, be equipped with the component that is used for reducing the luminousness on lens (2), after the component that reduces the luminousness, its light intensity decay is between 1/100000 to 1/1000 of original intensity.

2. An apparatus for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision according to claim 1, wherein: the component for reducing the light transmittance is a metal film (6) arranged on the inner side wall and/or the outer side wall of the lens (2), and the thickness of the metal film (6) and the attenuation of light satisfy the formula: i = I₀e^-αdI0 is the intensity of light just entering the metal from the surface position of the metal film (6), and α is the absorption coefficient of the metal.

3. An apparatus for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision according to claim 1, wherein: the component for reducing the light transmittance is metal nano powder (8) distributed in the lens (2).

4. An apparatus for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision according to claim 1, wherein: the component for reducing the light transmittance is a dyeing layer (9) arranged on the inner side wall and/or the outer side wall of the lens (2).

5. An apparatus for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision according to claim 1, wherein: the outer side of the spectacle frame (1) is provided with a lens hood (5), and the lenses are polycarbonate lenses.

6. The apparatus for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the glasses frame is characterized by further comprising a second glasses frame (10), wherein two ends of the second glasses frame (10) are respectively connected with the end parts of the two glasses arms (3), and the top end of the middle part of the second glasses frame (10) is hinged with the top end of the middle part of the glasses frame (1); second picture frame (10) middle part top is equipped with connecting block (11) that are "concave" style of calligraphy, picture frame (1) middle part top be equipped with recess shape assorted lug (12) of connecting block (11), be equipped with the through-hole that is used for pivot (13) to pass on the lateral wall of lug (12) and connecting block (11), pivot (13) tip be equipped with nut internal thread assorted external screw thread.

7. An apparatus for preventing myopia by exercising scotopic vision according to claim 6, wherein: a second lens (14) is arranged in the second lens frame (10), and the second lens (14) is a myopia lens or a presbyopic lens or a plano lens.