CN108398791B - Near-to-eye display device based on polarized contact lenses - Google Patents
Near-to-eye display device based on polarized contact lenses Download PDFInfo
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- CN108398791B CN108398791B CN201810273462.9A CN201810273462A CN108398791B CN 108398791 B CN108398791 B CN 108398791B CN 201810273462 A CN201810273462 A CN 201810273462A CN 108398791 B CN108398791 B CN 108398791B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
- G02B2027/0125—Field-of-view increase by wavefront division
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- G02B2027/0129—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for correcting parallax
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- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
Abstract
The invention discloses a near-to-eye display device based on polarized contact lenses, which comprises: a micro projector for projecting an image; the waveguide is used for folding the light path, and the surface or the interior of the waveguide is provided with at least two diffraction gratings or reflecting layers for light in-coupling and out-coupling and exit pupil expansion; a polarizer for filtering light and allowing only light of a specific polarization direction to pass through; a polarization rotator for changing the polarization direction of the light; polarized contact lenses for light filtering and vision correction that allow only light of a specific polarization direction to pass through, the diopter of which depends on the wearer's vision; the near-eye display device can be used for monocular display or binocular display. The near-to-eye display device can realize the functions of shielding a real object by an ultra-large field angle and a virtual object and correcting the vision, and is suitable for head-mounted display equipment and intelligent wearable equipment, such as intelligent glasses and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wearable display, in particular to a near-to-eye display device based on polarized contact lenses.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR) is defined as a general technical name for realizing fusion and interaction between a virtual world and a real world generated by a computer. The method is one of key constituent technologies of augmented reality, and a common technical scheme mainly includes a beam splitter, a planar waveguide, free-form surface optics, retinal projection, and the like. However, currently, the optical perspective type near-to-eye display device for augmented reality, represented by smart glasses, still faces some technical problems to be solved. For example, the first, field of View (FOV) is too small, typically between 15 and 50 degrees. There is also a considerable gap compared to the FOV of the human eye itself. Second, virtual-real Occlusion (Occlusion), i.e., the virtual object can completely or partially occlude the real object. When the near-eye display device is used outdoors, the light intensity of external environment light is much higher than that of a micro projector, so that a virtual object is semi-transparent and covers a real object, and even cannot be seen clearly. Thirdly, vision correction. For users with visual impairments, the current solution is to add an additional pair of glasses for visual correction. Not only does this discrete design keep the human eye away from the exit pupil area, causing FOV loss, but the massive hardware as a whole will also greatly impact the user experience.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a near-to-eye display device based on polarized contact lenses, which can realize an ultra-large field angle, the shielding of a virtual object on a real object and vision correction. Therefore, the device can obviously improve the display effect, thereby greatly improving the user experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a near-to-eye display device based on polarized contact lenses, which comprises the following components:
a micro projector: for projecting an image;
waveguide: the optical path is folded, and the surface or the inside of the optical path is provided with at least two diffraction gratings or reflecting layers for light coupling-in and coupling-out and exit pupil expansion;
a polarizer: the filter is used for filtering light and only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through;
a polarization rotator: for changing the polarization direction of the light;
polarized contact lenses: for light filtering and vision correction, only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through, wherein the diopter of the light depends on the vision of a wearer;
the near-eye display device can be used for monocular display and can also be used for binocular display.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the micro projector may be a scanning projector or a non-scanning projector.
As an improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the micro projector comprises one or more components of a micro display screen, a projection lens, a light source, a beam splitter, a polaroid, a diaphragm and a micro-electromechanical reflector.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the light source in the component of the micro projector may be a Light Emitting Diode (LED), an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), or a laser.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the Micro display screen in the component of the Micro projector may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display screen, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen, a Micro light emitting diode (Micro LED) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, or a digital Micro-mirror device (DMD) display screen.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the projection lens in the component of the micro projector may be a fixed focus lens or a zoom lens.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the waveguide may be a planar waveguide or a free-form surface waveguide.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the diffraction grating in the waveguide may be a holographic grating, a blazed grating, an inclined grating, a polarization grating, a liquid crystal grating, a holographic optical element, or a diffractive optical element.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the reflective layer in the waveguide may be a total reflective layer or a partially reflective layer.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the polarization rotator may be a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN-LC) panel, a Blue Phase Liquid Crystal (BPLC) panel, or a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal (FLC) panel.
As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the polarized contact lens may be a monofocal lens or a multifocal lens.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the polarized contact lens can be a single-layer polarized lens with diopter, and can also be a double-layer combination of a non-diopter polarized lens and a flexible lens with diopter.
The near-to-eye display device based on the polarized contact lenses can realize an ultra-large field angle, the shielding of virtual objects on real objects and vision correction. Therefore, the device can obviously improve the display effect, thereby greatly improving the user experience.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and principle of a polarized contact lens-based near-eye display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and principle of a polarized contact lens-based near-eye display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and principle of a near-eye display device based on polarized contact lenses according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and principle of a near-to-eye display device based on a polarized contact lens according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
[ first embodiment ] A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device
Referring to fig. 1, the near-eye display device based on the polarized contact lens shown in the present embodiment includes:
the micro projector 101: for projecting an image;
waveguide 102: the optical path is folded, and the surface or the inside of the optical path is provided with at least two diffraction gratings or reflecting layers for light coupling-in and coupling-out and exit pupil expansion;
a polarizer 103: the filter is used for filtering light and only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through;
polarization rotator 104: for changing the polarization direction of the light;
polarizing contact lens 105: for light filtering and vision correction, only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through, wherein the diopter of the light depends on the vision of a wearer;
the near-eye display device can be used for monocular display or binocular display.
Preferably, the micro projector 101 in the present embodiment includes one or more components (not shown in the figure) of a micro display screen, a projection lens, a light source, a beam splitter, a polarizer, a diaphragm, and a micro-electromechanical mirror. The micro projector 101 may be a scanning type projector or a non-scanning type projector. The light sources in the components of the micro projector 101 may be Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), quantum dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs), or lasers. The Micro display screen in the components of the Micro projector 101 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display screen, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen, a Micro light emitting diode (Micro LED) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, or a Digital Micromirror (DMD) display screen. The projection lens in the components of the micro projector 101 may be a fixed focus lens or a zoom lens. Waveguide 102 may be a planar waveguide or a free-form waveguide. The two diffraction gratings 102a and 102b above the surface of the waveguide 102 may be a holographic grating, a blazed grating, an inclined grating, a polarization grating, a liquid crystal grating, a holographic optical element, or a diffractive optical element, respectively. The polarization rotator 104 may be a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN-LC) panel, a Blue Phase Liquid Crystal (BPLC) panel, or a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal (FLC) panel. The polarized contact lens 105 may be a monofocal lens or a multifocal lens. The polarized contact lens 105 is a single layer of polarizer having diopter.
The specific workflow of this embodiment is described as follows:
when viewing a real scene, the micro projector 101 and the polarization rotator 104 are turned off at the same time. At this time, unpolarized light emitted from an object in the real scene passes through the polarizer 103 and becomes polarized light, and the light intensity is reduced. Thereafter, the polarized light passes through the waveguide 102 and the polarization rotator 104 in this order. In the off state, i.e., when no voltage is applied thereto, the polarization rotator 104 may rotate the polarization direction of the light by 90 degrees. When the light reaches the polarized contact lens 105, since the polarization direction of the polarizer 103 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarized contact lens 105, the light can smoothly pass through the polarized contact lens 105 and finally enter the human eye 11. In this mode of operation, the user can only see a real scene.
When viewing the virtual scene, the micro projector 101 and the polarization rotator 104 are turned on simultaneously. The micro projector 101 projects light carrying virtual image information. Light is coupled into the waveguide 102 via the diffraction grating 102 a. As long as the total reflection condition is satisfied, the light may be propagated by total reflection in the waveguide for multiple times, and then reach the diffraction grating 102b. The diffraction grating 102b can couple light out of the waveguide and achieve exit pupil expansion. The light rays after exiting the waveguide will encounter polarization rotator 104. In the on state, i.e., when a voltage is applied thereto, the polarization rotator 104 does not change the polarization direction of the light. If the light from the micro projector 101 is unpolarized, the polarization rotator 104 does not work, i.e., the outgoing light is unpolarized. The emitted unpolarized light can enter the human eye 11 for imaging after being polarized and filtered by the polarized contact lens 105. If the light emitted from the micro projector 101 is polarized, the polarization direction of the polarized light is required to be consistent with the polarization direction of the polarized contact lens 105, so that the emergent light can smoothly pass through the polarized contact lens 105 and enter the human eye 11 for imaging. If the wearer suffers from vision problems, such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc., the polarized contact lens 105 will have a corresponding refractive power to achieve vision correction. On the other hand, unpolarized light from a real scene is polarization-filtered by the polarizer 103, and then passes through the waveguide 102 and the polarization rotator 104 in sequence. Since the polarization direction of the light exiting through the polarization rotator 104 at this time is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarized contact lens 105, it will be completely blocked by the polarized contact lens 105. Therefore, in the working mode, the user can only see the virtual scene but can not see the real scene.
In summary, the present embodiment uses the waveguide as a medium for propagating and folding the optical path, and the diffraction grating disposed on the surface of the waveguide can realize light in-out and light out-pupil expansion. And because the polarized contact lens is tightly attached to human eyes, the polarized contact lens not only has the function of vision correction, but also can obtain an ultra-large field angle. Most importantly, the polarization rotator is used for controlling the polarization direction of light rays, so that the virtual scene can shield the real scene. For outdoor application, when the device is used in a strong light environment, a wearer can see a virtual scene with limited brightness. In addition, since both the polarizer and the polarizing contact lens have a polarization filtering function, the device can be used for ultraviolet light resistance and glare. In addition to the above-mentioned optical functions, if a pattern is formed in a non-light-transmitting region of a polarized contact lens, a cosmetic pupil effect can be achieved.
[ second embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 2, the near-eye display device based on the polarized contact lens according to the present embodiment includes:
the micro projector 201: for projecting an image;
waveguide 202: the optical path is folded, and the surface or the interior of the optical path is provided with at least two diffraction gratings or reflecting layers for light coupling-in and coupling-out and exit pupil expansion;
a polarizer 203: the filter is used for filtering light and only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through;
polarization rotator 204: for changing the polarization direction of the light;
polarizing contact lens 205: for light filtering and vision correction, only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through, wherein the diopter of the light depends on the vision of a wearer;
the near-eye display device can be used for monocular display or binocular display.
Preferably, the micro projector 201 in the present embodiment includes one or more components (not shown in the figure) of a micro display screen, a projection lens, a light source, a beam splitter, a polarizer, a diaphragm, and a micro-electromechanical mirror. The micro projector 201 may be a scanning type projector or a non-scanning type projector. The light source in the components of the micro projector 201 may be a Light Emitting Diode (LED), an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), or a laser. The Micro display screen in the components of the Micro projector 201 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display screen, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen, a Micro light emitting diode (Micro LED) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, or a Digital Micromirror (DMD) display screen. The projection lens in the components of the micro projector 201 may be a fixed focus lens or a zoom lens. The waveguide 202 may be a planar waveguide or a free-form waveguide. The two diffraction gratings 202a and 202b above the surface of the waveguide 202 may be a holographic grating, a blazed grating, a tilted grating, a polarization grating, a liquid crystal grating, a holographic optical element, or a diffractive optical element, respectively. The polarization rotator 204 may be a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN-LC) panel, a Blue Phase Liquid Crystal (BPLC) panel, or a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal (FLC) panel. The polarized contact lens 205 may be a monofocal lens or a multifocal lens. The polarized contact lens 205 is a double layer combination of a polarizer 205a with no diopter and a flexible lens 205b with diopter.
The specific workflow of this embodiment is described as follows:
when viewing a real scene, the micro projector 201 and the polarization rotator 204 are turned off at the same time. At this time, unpolarized light emitted from an object in the real scene becomes polarized light after passing through the polarizer 203, and the light intensity is reduced. Thereafter, the polarized light passes through the waveguide 202 and the polarization rotator 204 in this order. In the off state, i.e., when no voltage is applied thereto, the polarization rotator 204 may rotate the polarization direction of the light by 90 degrees. When the light reaches the polarized contact lens 205, the light can smoothly pass through the polarized contact lens 205 and finally enter the human eye 11 because the polarization direction of the polarizer 203 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 205a in the polarized contact lens 205. In this mode of operation, the user can only see the real scene.
When viewing a virtual scene, the micro projector 201 and the polarization rotator 204 are turned on simultaneously. The micro projector 201 projects light carrying virtual image information. Light is coupled into the waveguide 202 via the diffraction grating 202 a. As long as the total reflection condition is satisfied, the light may be propagated by total reflection in the waveguide for multiple times, and then reach the diffraction grating 202b. The diffraction grating 202b can couple light out of the waveguide and achieve exit pupil expansion. The light rays after exiting the waveguide will encounter polarization rotator 204. In the on state, i.e., when a voltage is applied thereto, the polarization rotator 204 does not change the polarization direction of the light. If the light from the micro projector 201 is unpolarized, the polarization rotator 204 will not work, i.e., the emitted light will still be unpolarized. The emitted unpolarized light can enter human eyes 11 for imaging after being polarized and filtered by the polarized contact lens 205. If the light emitted from the micro projector 201 is polarized, the polarization direction of the polarized light is required to be consistent with the polarization direction of the polarizer 205a in the polarized contact lens 205, so that the emergent light can pass through the polarized contact lens 205 smoothly, and enter the human eye 11 for imaging. If the wearer suffers from vision problems, such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc., the flexible lens 205b in the polarized contact lens 205 will have a corresponding refractive power to achieve vision correction. On the other hand, unpolarized light from a real scene is polarization-filtered by the polarizer 203, and then passes through the waveguide 202 and the polarization rotator 204 in sequence. Since the polarization direction of the light exiting through the polarization rotator 204 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 205a in the polarized contact lens 205, the light is completely blocked by the polarized contact lens 205. Therefore, in this operation mode, the user can only see the virtual scene, but cannot see the real scene.
In summary, the present embodiment uses the waveguide as a medium for propagating and folding the optical path, and the diffraction grating disposed on the surface of the waveguide can realize light in-out and light out-pupil expansion. And because the polarized contact lens is tightly attached to human eyes, the polarized contact lens not only has the function of vision correction, but also can obtain an ultra-large field angle. Most importantly, the polarization rotator is used for controlling the polarization direction of light rays, so that the virtual scene can shield the real scene. For outdoor application, when the device is used in a strong light environment, a wearer can see a virtual scene with limited brightness. In addition, since both the polarizer and the polarized contact lens have a polarization filtering function, the device can also be used for protection against ultraviolet light and glare. In addition to the above-described optical functions, if a pattern is formed in a non-light-transmitting region of a polarizing contact lens, a cosmetic effect can be also achieved.
[ third embodiment ] A
Referring to fig. 3, the near-eye display device based on a polarized contact lens shown in the present embodiment includes:
the micro projector 301: for projecting an image;
waveguide 302: the optical path is folded, and the surface or the inside of the optical path is provided with at least two diffraction gratings or reflecting layers for light coupling-in and coupling-out and exit pupil expansion;
a polarizer 303: the filter is used for filtering light and only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through;
polarization rotator 304: for changing the polarization direction of the light;
polarized contact lens 305: for light filtering and vision correction, only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through, wherein the diopter of the light depends on the vision of a wearer;
the near-eye display device can be used for monocular display and can also be used for binocular display.
Preferably, the micro projector 301 in this embodiment includes one or more components (not shown) of a micro display screen, a projection lens, a light source, a beam splitter, a polarizer, a diaphragm, and a micro-electromechanical mirror. The micro projector 301 may be a scanning projector or a non-scanning projector. The light source in the components of the micro projector 301 may be a Light Emitting Diode (LED), an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), or a laser. The Micro display screen in the components of the Micro projector 301 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display screen, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen, a Micro light emitting diode (Micro LED) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, or a Digital Micromirror (DMD) display screen. The projection lens in the components of the micro projector 301 may be a fixed focus lens or a zoom lens. The waveguide 302 may be a planar waveguide or a free-form waveguide. The reflective layers 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d, 302e, and 302f inside the waveguide 302 may be fully reflective layers or partially reflective layers, respectively. The above six reflective layers are for illustration only, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the number of reflective layers is not limited. The polarization rotator 304 may be a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN-LC) panel, a Blue Phase Liquid Crystal (BPLC) panel, or a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal (FLC) panel. The polarized contact lens 305 may be a monofocal lens or a multifocal lens. The polarized contact lens 305 is a single-layer polarizer having diopter.
The specific workflow of this embodiment is described as follows:
when viewing a real scene, the micro projector 301 and the polarization rotator 304 are turned off at the same time. At this time, unpolarized light emitted from an object in the real scene becomes polarized light after passing through the polarizer 303, and the light intensity is reduced. Thereafter, the polarized light passes through the waveguide 302 and the polarization rotator 304 in this order. In the off state, i.e., when no voltage is applied thereto, the polarization rotator 304 may rotate the polarization direction of the light by 90 degrees. When the light reaches the polarized contact lens 305, since the polarization direction of the polarizer 303 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarized contact lens 305, the light can smoothly pass through the polarized contact lens 305 and finally enter the human eye 11. In this mode of operation, the user can only see the real scene.
To view the virtual scene, the micro projector 301 and the polarization rotator 304 are turned on simultaneously. The micro projector 301 projects light carrying virtual image information. Light is coupled into the waveguide 302 through the reflective layer 302 a. As long as the total reflection condition is satisfied, the light may be transmitted by total reflection in the waveguide for multiple times, and then reach the reflective layers 302b, 302c, 302d, 302e, and 302f. Five reflective layers 302b, 302c, 302d, 302e, and 302f may couple light out of the waveguide and achieve exit pupil expansion. The light rays after exiting the waveguide will encounter polarization rotator 304. In the on state, i.e., when a voltage is applied thereto, the polarization rotator 304 does not change the polarization direction of the light. If the light from the micro projector 301 is unpolarized, the polarization rotator 304 will not work, i.e. the emitted light will still be unpolarized. The emitted unpolarized light can enter the human eye 11 for imaging after being polarized and filtered by the polarized contact lens 305. If the light emitted from the micro projector 301 is polarized, the polarization direction of the polarized light is required to be consistent with the polarization direction of the polarized contact lens 305, so that the emergent light can pass through the polarized contact lens 305 smoothly and enter the human eye 11 for imaging. If the wearer suffers from vision problems, such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc., the polarized contact lens 305 will have a corresponding refractive power to achieve vision correction. On the other hand, unpolarized light from an actual scene is polarization-filtered by the polarizer 303, and then passes through the waveguide 302 and the polarization rotator 304 in sequence. Since the polarization direction of the light exiting through the polarization rotator 304 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarized contact lens 305, the light will be completely blocked by the polarized contact lens 305. Therefore, in this operation mode, the user can only see the virtual scene, but cannot see the real scene.
In summary, the present embodiment uses the waveguide as a medium for propagating and folding the optical path, and the reflective layer prepared inside the waveguide can realize light incoupling, light outcoupling and exit pupil expansion. And because the polarized contact lens is tightly attached to the eyes of a person, the polarized contact lens not only has the function of vision correction, but also can obtain an ultra-large field angle. Most importantly, the polarization rotator is used for controlling the polarization direction of light rays, so that the virtual scene can shield the real scene. For outdoor application, when the device is used in a strong light environment, a wearer can see a virtual scene with limited brightness. In addition, since both the polarizer and the polarized contact lens have a polarization filtering function, the device can also be used for protection against ultraviolet light and glare. In addition to the above-mentioned optical functions, if a pattern is formed in a non-light-transmitting region of a polarized contact lens, a cosmetic pupil effect can be achieved.
[ fourth example ] A
Referring to fig. 4, the near-eye display device based on the polarized contact lens shown in the present embodiment includes:
the micro projector 401: for projecting an image;
waveguide 402: the optical path is folded, and the surface or the interior of the optical path is provided with at least two diffraction gratings or reflecting layers for light coupling-in and coupling-out and exit pupil expansion;
a polarizer 403: the filter is used for filtering light and only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through;
polarization rotator 404: for changing the polarization direction of the light;
polarizing contact lens 405: for light filtering and vision correction, only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through, wherein the diopter of the light depends on the vision of a wearer;
the near-eye display device can be used for monocular display and can also be used for binocular display.
Preferably, the micro projector 401 in this embodiment includes one or more components (not shown in the figure) of a micro display screen, a projection lens, a light source, a beam splitter, a polarizer, a diaphragm, and a micro electro mechanical mirror. The micro projector 401 may be a scanning type projector or a non-scanning type projector. The light source in the components of the micro projector 401 may be a Light Emitting Diode (LED), an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), or a laser. The Micro display screen in the components of the Micro projector 401 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display screen, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen, a Micro light emitting diode (Micro LED) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, or a Digital Micromirror (DMD) display screen. The projection lens in the components of the micro projector 401 may be a fixed focus lens or a zoom lens. The waveguide 402 may be a planar waveguide or a free-form waveguide. The reflective layers 402a, 402b, 402c, 402d, 402e, and 402f inside the waveguide 402 may be fully reflective layers or partially reflective layers, respectively. The six reflective layers are provided for illustration only, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the number of reflective layers is not limited. The polarization rotator 404 may be a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN-LC) panel, a Blue Phase Liquid Crystal (BPLC) panel, or a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal (FLC) panel. The polarized contact lens 405 may be a monofocal lens or a multifocal lens. The polarized contact lens 405 is a double layer combination of a non-diopter polarizer 405a and a diopter flexible lens 405 b.
The specific workflow of this embodiment is described as follows:
when viewing a real scene, the micro projector 401 and the polarization rotator 404 are turned off at the same time. At this time, unpolarized light emitted from an object in the real scene passes through the polarizer 403 to become polarized light, and the light intensity is reduced. Thereafter, the polarized light passes through the waveguide 402 and the polarization rotator 404 in order. In the off state, i.e., when no voltage is applied, the polarization rotator 404 may rotate the polarization direction of the light by 90 degrees. When the light reaches the polarized contact lens 405, the light can smoothly pass through the polarized contact lens 405 and finally enter the human eye 11 because the polarization direction of the polarizer 403 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 405a in the polarized contact lens 405. In this mode of operation, the user can only see the real scene.
When viewing the virtual scene, the micro projector 401 and the polarization rotator 404 are turned on simultaneously. The micro projector 401 projects light carrying virtual image information. Light is coupled into the waveguide 402 through the total reflection layer 402 a. As long as the total reflection condition is satisfied, the light may be propagated by total reflection in the waveguide for a plurality of times, and then reach the reflective layers 402b, 402c, 402d, 402e, and 402f in sequence. Five reflective layers 402b, 402c, 402d, 402e, and 402f may couple light out of the waveguide and achieve exit pupil expansion. The light rays after exiting the waveguide will encounter polarization rotator 404. In the on state, i.e., when a voltage is applied thereto, the polarization rotator 404 does not change the polarization direction of the light. If the light from the micro projector 401 is unpolarized, the polarization rotator 404 does not work, i.e., the outgoing light is unpolarized. The emitted unpolarized light can enter the human eye 11 for imaging after being polarized and filtered by the polarized contact lens 405. If the light emitted from the micro projector 401 is polarized, the polarization direction of the polarized light is required to be consistent with the polarization direction of the polarizer 405a in the polarized contact lens 405, so that the emergent light can smoothly pass through the polarized contact lens 405, and then enter the human eye 11 for imaging. If the wearer suffers from vision problems, such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc., the flexible lens 405b in the polarized contact lens 405 will have a corresponding refractive power to achieve vision correction. On the other hand, unpolarized light from a real scene is polarization-filtered by the polarizer 403, and then passes through the waveguide 402 and the polarization rotator 404 in sequence. Since the polarization direction of the light exiting through the polarization rotator 404 at this time is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 405a in the polarized contact lens 405, the light will be completely blocked by the polarized contact lens 405. Therefore, in this operation mode, the user can only see the virtual scene, but cannot see the real scene.
In summary, the technical solution of the present embodiment uses the waveguide as a medium for propagating and folding the optical path, and the reflective layer prepared inside the waveguide can realize light incoupling, light outcoupling and exit pupil expansion. And because the polarized contact lens is tightly attached to the eyes of a person, the polarized contact lens not only has the function of vision correction, but also can obtain an ultra-large field angle. Most importantly, the polarization rotator is used for controlling the polarization direction of light rays, so that the virtual scene can shield the real scene. For outdoor application, when the device is used in a strong light environment, a wearer can see a virtual scene with limited brightness. In addition, since both the polarizer and the polarized contact lens have a polarization filtering function, the device can also be used for protection against ultraviolet light and glare. In addition to the above-described optical functions, if a pattern is formed in a non-light-transmitting region of a polarizing contact lens, a cosmetic effect can be also achieved.
Claims (11)
1. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device, comprising: a micro projector: for projecting an image; waveguide: the optical path is folded, and the surface or the inside of the optical path is provided with at least two diffraction gratings or reflecting layers for light coupling-in and coupling-out and exit pupil expansion; a polarizer: the filter is used for filtering light rays and only allowing light rays with specific polarization directions to pass through; a polarization rotator: for changing the polarization direction of the light; polarized contact lenses: for light filtering and vision correction, only allowing light with a specific polarization direction to pass through, wherein the diopter of the light depends on the vision of a wearer; the near-eye display device can be used for monocular display or binocular display; the micro projector may be a scanning type projector or a non-scanning type projector.
2. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device according to claim 1, wherein: the micro projector comprises one or more components of a micro display screen, a projection lens, a light source, a beam splitter, a polaroid, a diaphragm and a micro-electromechanical reflector.
3. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device as recited in claim 2, wherein: the Light source in the component of the micro-projector may be a Light-Emitting Diode (LED), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), a Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diode (QLED), or a laser.
4. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device as recited in claim 2, wherein: the micro display screen in the component of the micro projector may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display screen, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen, a micro light emitting diode (mcc r o-le E D) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (ql E D) display screen, or a Digital Micromirror (DMD) display screen.
5. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device as recited in claim 2, wherein: the projection lens in the component of the micro projector can be a fixed focus lens or a zoom lens.
6. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the waveguide can be a planar waveguide or a free-form surface waveguide.
7. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the diffraction grating in the waveguide may be a holographic grating, blazed grating, tilted grating, polarization grating, liquid crystal grating, holographic optical element, or diffractive optical element.
8. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device according to claim 1, wherein: the reflective layer in the waveguide may be a fully reflective layer or a partially reflective layer.
9. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the polarization rotator may be a Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal (TN-LC) panel, a Blue Phase LC (BPLC) panel, or a Ferroelectric LC (FLC) panel.
10. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device according to claim 1, wherein: the polarized contact lens can be a monofocal lens and can also be a multifocal lens.
11. A polarized contact lens-based near-to-eye display device according to claim 1, wherein: the polarized contact lens can be a single-layer polarizer with diopter, and also can be a double-layer combination of a polarizer without diopter and a flexible lens with diopter.
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