CN108398094B - Coat thickness detection method based on k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point - Google Patents
Coat thickness detection method based on k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0616—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coat thickness detection methods based on k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point, it is different to collect a series of coating layer thicknesses, the identical standard specimen of substrate thickness, heating equipment is respectively adopted, continuous heating is carried out to each standard specimen coat side, acquisition obtains the infrared thermal image sequence of coat side, extraction obtains k range temperature variation slope curve, on the basis of the k range temperature of the smallest standard specimen of coating layer thickness variation slope curve, calculate the intercept time point serial number of other k range temperatures variation slope curve and datum curve, fitting obtains the calibration equation of intercept time point serial number and coating layer thickness, when needing to carry out coat thickness detection to test specimen, obtain the intercept time point serial number of k range temperature the variation slope curve and datum curve of test specimen, it is calculated according to calibration equation to be tested The coating layer thickness of part.The invention is simple and feasible, test object and test equipment are required it is lower, when detection the time required to it is less, Detection accuracy is higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coat thickness detection technical fields, more specifically, are related to a kind of based on the variation of k range temperature
The coat thickness detection method of slope curve intersection point.
Background technique
Non-destructive testing technology can be divided into for the detection technique of coat thickness detection both at home and abroad at present and damage detection technique.
Damaging detection technique has scanning electron microscopic observation method, metallographic method etc., and non-destructive testing technology has supersonic testing method, infrared thermal wave detection method
Deng.
Scanning electron microscopic observation method carries out the analysis of element constituent and content, metallographic by Electronic Speculum to test specimen cross section
Method passes through the thickness value at electron microscope observation test specimen interface, and both methods must all destroy test specimen itself, belong to and damage inspection
Survey method.
It is the propagation characteristic according to ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic detecting technology, which applies the cardinal principle in coat thickness detection, through coupling
Mixture travels to target surface and inwardly propagates, and echo can be generated by encountering at different densities medium interface, analyzes echo and extracts
With the related feature of coating layer thickness.Supersonic testing method generally has 500 μm of a check frequency, between metal substrate base plate layer or layer
Internal existing corrosion causes interference with echo, is all that ultrasonic detecting technology applies the problem in coat thickness detection.
Infrared Non-destructive Testing technology is risen in the 1980s, by actively carrying out thermal excitation to tested article, is used
The thermal image of thermal infrared imager acquisition article surface is aided with image procossing skill by the analysis Extracting temperature information to thermal image
Art parses heat wave signal, realizes and carries out qualitative or quantitative analysis to object thickness or defect.
Infrared Non-destructive Testing technology is mainly vortexed thickness measuring method using upper in coat thickness detection at present, but this method has
There is biggish limitation, it is desirable that substrate is non-ferromagnetic metal material, and coating is non-conducting material.S.Mezghani etc. exists
《Evaluation of paint coating thickness variations based on pulsed Infrared
Thermography laser technique " in (Infrared Physics&Technology 76 (2016) 393-401)
By carrying out laser pulse excitation to coating structure test specimen, extracts and decline time dependent parameter, the parameter and coating with temperature
Excited target time and substrate thickness do not influence the relationship of thickness, but can not prove the theoretical foundation of the relationship and whether be suitable for one
As coating structure object.Jin-Yu Zhang etc. is in " A new measurement method of coatings
thickness based on lock-in thermography》(Infrared Physics&Technology 76(2016)
655-660) it by carrying out the excitation of locking phase heat wave to coating structure test specimen in, finds under different driving frequencies, phase difference and painting
Certain trend is always presented in thickness degree, can be used for measuring thickness with this trend, but precision is not high, and equipment is prohibitively expensive.Tang Qing
Chrysanthemum etc. uses two kinds in patent " method of measuring thickness of coating through optical pulse infrared thermal imaging " (application number 201310455288)
Test specimen is heated in the pulse excitation of varying strength, by collected thermal map frame to find out coating in conjunction with corresponding calculation formula
Thickness, but this method is handled based on thermal map frame, vulnerable to surrounding environment influence, and it is more demanding to driving source.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind to change slope curve based on k range temperature
The coat thickness detection method of intersection point realizes that universality is preferable, cost is relatively low and the higher quick coat thickness detection of accuracy rate.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is based on the coat thickness detections of k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point
Method the following steps are included:
S1: collecting a series of coating layer thicknesses differences, the identical standard specimen of substrate thickness, remembers that the quantity of standard specimen is N；
S2: for each standard specimen, heating equipment is respectively adopted, continuous heating is carried out to standard specimen coat side, simultaneously
It is acquired using coat side of the thermal infrared imager to standard specimen from the infrared heat for beginning to warm up the moment to the stable ascent stage of temperature
Image obtains infrared thermal image sequence；
S3: according to the infrared thermal image sequence of each standard specimen, the surface temperature variation song that test specimen represents point is extracted
Line；
S4: for the surface temperature change curve of each standard specimen, to begin to warm up constantly for starting point, with infrared chart
It is divided into step-length δ between the inter frame temporal of picture, the temperature value at corresponding time point is taken out from surface temperature change curve, remembers obtained temperature
Angle value quantity is R, remembers r-th of time point, i.e. the temperature value of moment (r-1) δ is Xr, r=1,2 ..., R；Calculate r ' it is a when
Between put corresponding temperature value Xr′With r '+k point temperature value Xr′+kBetween slope Gr′:
Wherein, r '=1,2 ..., R-k, k are normal number, are set as needed；
Using time point serial number r ' as abscissa, slope Gr′As ordinate, it is bent that drafting obtains k range temperature variation slope
Line；
S5: slope curve L is changed with the k range temperature of the smallest standard specimen of coating layer thickness1On the basis of, calculate other N-
The k range temperature variation slope curve and k range temperature of 1 coating layer thickness change slope curve L1Intercept time point serial number,
Intercept time point serial number and coating are obtained by fitting of a polynomial according to N-1 intercept time point serial number and corresponding coating layer thickness
The calibration equation of thickness；
S6: when needing to carry out coat thickness detection to test specimen, test block coating is treated using identical heating equipment
Face carries out continuous heating, while steady to temperature from the moment is begun to warm up using coat side acquisition of the thermal infrared imager to standard specimen
Determine the thermal-induced imagery of ascent stage, obtains infrared thermal image sequence, extract its surface temperature change curve, then obtain it
K range temperature changes slope curve L ', calculates k range temperature variation slope curve L ' and k range temperature changes slope curve
L1Intercept time point serial number, substitute into the obtained calibration equation of step S5 and coating layer thickness, the painting of test specimen as to be measured be calculated
Thickness degree.
The present invention is based on the coat thickness detection methods of k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point, collect a series of coatings
Thickness difference, the identical standard specimen of substrate thickness, are respectively adopted heating equipment and continue to each standard specimen coat side
Heating, acquisition obtain the infrared thermal image sequence of coat side, and extraction obtains k range temperature variation slope curve, with coating layer thickness
On the basis of the k range temperature variation slope curve of the smallest standard specimen, other k range temperatures variation slope curve and base are calculated
The intercept time point serial number of directrix curve, fitting obtain the calibration equation of intercept time point serial number and coating layer thickness, when needs are to quilt
When test block carries out coat thickness detection, the intersection of k range temperature the variation slope curve and datum curve of test specimen is obtained
The coating layer thickness of test specimen to be measured is calculated according to calibration equation for time point serial number.The invention is simple and feasible, to test object and
Test equipment require it is lower, when detection the time required to it is less, Detection accuracy is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the thermal-induced imagery exemplary diagram that hot-fluid has just propagated at coating-substrate interface in certain test specimen heating process；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the specific implementations of the coat thickness detection method of k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point
Mode flow chart；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that test specimen is heated in the present invention；
Fig. 4 be the present embodiment coating thickness be 10 μm, 40 μm, 70 μm, 100 μm, the k range temperature of 130 μm of test specimen
Change slope curve；
Fig. 5 be the present embodiment coating thickness be 20 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm, 110 μm, the k range temperature of 140 μm of test specimen
Change slope curve；
Fig. 6 be the present embodiment coating thickness be 30 μm, 60 μm, 90 μm, 120 μm, the k range temperature of 150 μm of test specimen
Change slope curve；
Fig. 7 is the corresponding curve synoptic diagram of calibration equation of intercept time point serial number and coating layer thickness in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing, preferably so as to those skilled in the art
Understand the present invention.Requiring particular attention is that in the following description, when known function and the detailed description of design perhaps
When can desalinate main contents of the invention, these descriptions will be ignored herein.
Embodiment
Technical solution in order to better illustrate the present invention is first briefly described theoretical basis of the invention.This
Invention is based on the One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation Solve problems under continuous heat source excitation.If coating structure is relatively thin, negligible hot-fluid exists
Horizontal proliferation in coating structure, at this time transmitting of the hot-fluid in coating can be approximately One-dimensional heat transfer process.Hot-fluid is in coating-
One-dimensional heat transfer process in underlying structure test specimen can be indicated by following equation:
Hot-fluid conducts in coating or substrate, expression formula are as follows:
Primary condition can be expressed as follows:
Ti(x, 0)=T∞ (2)
If not considering convective term, boundary condition be may be expressed as:
The condition of continuity at coating with substrate interface may be expressed as:
T1(m, t)=T2(m,t) (4.2)
Thermal diffusion coefficient μiIt may be expressed as:
In above formula, i=1 indicates that coating, i=2 indicate substrate, αiIndicate pyroconductivity, ρiIndicate density of material, ci
Indicate material specific heat capacity, Ti(x, t) refers to that x is in the temperature of moment t, and m is coating layer thickness, and n is substrate thickness, and l=m+n is test specimen
Overall thickness, Q are Uniform Heat, T∞Indicate environment temperature.
By (1) and (5) it is found that temperature in the intracorporal conduction velocity of object by pyroconductivity, density of material and material specific heat capacity
It determines, i.e., is determined by object thermal diffusion coefficient.Thermal diffusion coefficient is bigger, and temperature in materials change propagation must be rapider.Conversely, warm
Degree is propagated slower.When coating thermal diffusion coefficient is less than substrate thermal diffusion coefficient, it is applied to the lasting hot-fluid of coating surface
Excitation can relatively slowly conduct in basad direction, it may appear that heat is briefly stored in the phenomenon that coat inside.By (4.1) with
(4.2) it is found that when hot-fluid has just traveled at coating and substrate interface, since heat wave always moves to the lower from temperature eminence,
When at heat wave propagation to coating and substrate interface, a part of heat wave can reflect, while substrate quickly can absorb heat from coating.
Fig. 1 is the thermal-induced imagery exemplary diagram that hot-fluid has just propagated at coating-substrate interface in certain test specimen heating process.It is heated in test specimen
In the process, it is shown as in surface temperature first with the rising of larger slope, then is gradually reduced slope rising, finally kept relative stability
Slope rise.The present invention makes full use of the above theory analysis, and it is oblique to convert the variation of k range temperature for surface temperature change curve
Rate curve calculates the phase of the k range temperature variation slope curve and benchmark k range temperature variation slope curve of different coating thickness
Time point serial number is handed over, the calibration equation of intercept time point serial number and coating layer thickness is obtained, to reflect coating layer thickness and surface temperature
The relationship of change curve is spent, to realize coat thickness detection.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the specific implementations of the coat thickness detection method of k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point
Mode flow chart.As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is based on the coat thickness detection methods of k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point
Specific steps include:
S201: setting standard specimen:
A series of coating layer thicknesses differences, the identical standard specimen of substrate thickness are collected, remember the painting thickness of each standard specimen
Degree is dn, n=1,2 ..., N, N expression standard specimen quantity.The present embodiment Plays test specimen total 15, coating layer thickness is from 10 μ
M to 150 μm.
S202: standard specimen infrared thermal image sequence is obtained:
For each standard specimen, heating equipment is respectively adopted, continuous heating is carried out to standard specimen coat side, adopt simultaneously
It is acquired with coat side of the thermal infrared imager to standard specimen from the infrared chart for beginning to warm up the moment to the stable ascent stage of temperature
Picture obtains infrared thermal image sequence.Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that test specimen is heated in the present invention.For the present invention, heating is set
For preferably continuous uniform heat source.As frame per second >=200FPS of thermal infrared imager, infrared thermal image sequence obtained can be with
Preferably reflect the thickness characteristics of coating.
S203: surface temperature change curve is extracted:
According to the infrared thermal image sequence of each standard specimen, the surface temperature change curve that test specimen represents point is extracted.
In general, it can be test specimen geometric center point that test specimen, which represents point,.
S204: it obtains k range temperature and changes slope curve:
For the surface temperature change curve of each standard specimen, to begin to warm up moment (i.e. moment 0) for starting point, with red
The inter frame temporal interval (i.e. the inverse of frame per second) of outer thermal image is step-length δ, takes out corresponding time point from surface temperature change curve
Temperature value, remember obtained temperature value quantity be R, remember r-th of time point, i.e., the temperature value of moment (r-1) δ be Xr, r=1,
2,…,R.Calculate r ' a time point corresponding temperature value Xr′With r '+k point temperature value Xr′+kBetween slope Gr′:
Wherein, r '=1,2 ..., R-k, k are normal number, are set as needed.
Using time point serial number r ' as abscissa, slope Gr′As ordinate, it is bent that drafting obtains k range temperature variation slope
Line.
Fig. 4 be the present embodiment coating thickness be 10 μm, 40 μm, 70 μm, 100 μm, the k range temperature of 130 μm of test specimen
Change slope curve.Fig. 5 be the present embodiment coating thickness be 20 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm, 110 μm, the k range of 140 μm of test specimen
Temperature change slope curve.Fig. 6 be the present embodiment coating thickness be 30 μm, 60 μm, 90 μm, 120 μm, the k of 150 μm of test specimen
Range temperature changes slope curve.As shown in Figures 4 to 6, in k range temperature variation slope curve, slope Gr′With the time
The increase of point serial number r ' gradually decreases.
S205: calibration equation is obtained:
Change slope curve L with the k range temperature of the smallest standard specimen of coating layer thickness1On the basis of, calculate other N-1
The k range temperature variation slope curve and k range temperature of coating layer thickness change slope curve L1Intercept time point serial number, according to
N-1 intercept time point serial number and corresponding coating layer thickness are fitted to obtain the calibration side of intercept time point serial number and coating layer thickness
Journey.Fig. 7 is the corresponding curve synoptic diagram of calibration equation of intercept time point serial number and coating layer thickness in the present embodiment.
S206: coat thickness detection:
When need to test specimen carry out coat thickness detection when, using identical heating equipment treat test block coat side into
Row continuous heating, at the same using thermal infrared imager to the acquisition of the coat side of standard specimen from beginning to warm up on moment to temperature stablizes
The thermal-induced imagery in the stage of liter obtains infrared thermal image sequence, extracts its surface temperature change curve, then obtain its k model
Temperature change slope curve L ' is enclosed, k range temperature variation slope curve L ' is calculated and k range temperature changes slope curve L1's
Intercept time point serial number substitutes into the calibration equation that step S205 is obtained and coating layer thickness, the coating of test specimen as to be measured is calculated
Thickness.
It is learnt by experiment, Detection accuracy of the invention can achieve 95.86%, have good practical application valence
Value.
According to further study show that, when the thermal diffusion coefficient of coating be less than substrate thermal diffusion coefficient 1/10 when, i.e.,
There are (such as the substrate of test specimen is steel, and coating is epoxy resin) when larger Thermal property differences, present invention detections for coating and substrate
Accuracy rate is higher.When coating layer thickness is less than or equal to 150 μm, Detection accuracy of the invention is higher.
Although the illustrative specific embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art
Personnel understand the present invention, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the range of specific embodiment, to the common skill of the art
For art personnel, if various change the attached claims limit and determine the spirit and scope of the present invention in, these
Variation is it will be apparent that all utilize the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of coat thickness detection method based on k range temperature variation slope curve intersection point, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
S1: collecting a series of coating layer thicknesses differences, the identical standard specimen of substrate thickness, remembers that the quantity of standard specimen is N；
S2: for each standard specimen, heating equipment is respectively adopted, continuous heating is carried out to standard specimen coat side, use simultaneously
Thermal infrared imager acquires from the thermal-induced imagery for beginning to warm up the moment to the stable ascent stage of temperature the coat side of standard specimen,
Obtain infrared thermal image sequence；
S3: according to the infrared thermal image sequence of each standard specimen, the surface temperature change curve that test specimen represents point is extracted；
S4: for the surface temperature change curve of each standard specimen, to begin to warm up constantly for starting point, with thermal-induced imagery
It is divided into step-length δ between inter frame temporal, the temperature value at corresponding time point is taken out from surface temperature change curve, remembers obtained temperature value
Quantity is R, remembers r-th of time point, i.e. the temperature value of moment (r-1) δ is Xr, r=1,2 ..., R；Calculate r ' a time point
Corresponding temperature value Xr′With r '+k point temperature value Xr′+kBetween slope Gr′:
Wherein, r '=1,2 ..., R-k, k are normal number, are set as needed；
Using time point serial number r ' as abscissa, slope Gr′As ordinate, drafting obtains k range temperature variation slope curve；
S5: slope curve L is changed with the k range temperature of the smallest standard specimen of coating layer thickness1On the basis of, calculate other N-1 painting
The k range temperature variation slope curve and k range temperature of thickness degree change slope curve L1Intercept time point serial number, according to N-
1 intercept time point serial number and corresponding coating layer thickness obtain intercept time point serial number and coating layer thickness by fitting of a polynomial
Calibration equation；
S6: when need to test specimen carry out coat thickness detection when, using identical heating equipment treat test block coat side into
Row continuous heating, at the same using thermal infrared imager to the acquisition of the coat side of standard specimen from beginning to warm up on moment to temperature stablizes
The thermal-induced imagery in the stage of liter obtains infrared thermal image sequence, extracts its surface temperature change curve, then obtain its k model
Temperature change slope curve L ' is enclosed, k range temperature variation slope curve L ' is calculated and k range temperature changes slope curve L1's
Intercept time point serial number substitutes into the calibration equation that step S5 is obtained and coating layer thickness, the painting thickness of test specimen as to be measured is calculated
Degree.
2. coat thickness detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the frame per second of the thermal infrared imager >=
200FPS。
3. coat thickness detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that represented in the step S3 a little as test specimen
Geometric center point.
4. coat thickness detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermal diffusion coefficient of the coating expands
Dissipate 1/10 of the thermal diffusion coefficient less than the substrate.
5. coat thickness detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that coating layer thickness≤150 μm.
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| CN108344390B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-09-24 | 电子科技大学 | Coat thickness detection method based on k range temperature variation slope curve |
| CN108444936B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2020-05-22 | 重庆交通大学 | Nondestructive testing system and method for concrete filled steel tube void |
| CN109839406B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2022-08-09 | 桂林电子科技大学 | High-precision testing method for interface contact thermal resistance |
| CN110926351B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 中国建材检验认证集团浙江有限公司 | Method for measuring thickness of coating or plating layer of light steel keel for building |
| CN111272813A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Temperature change rate detection method in curing process of part |
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| CN102221339B (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-09-05 | 首都师范大学 | Method for measuring thickness by pulse infrared thermal wave technology |
| CN103148799B (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-11-26 | 首都师范大学 | Defect depth measuring method based on logarithm first-order differential peak value method |
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