CN108397188A - Sensor for aqueous phase multiphase flow water phase conductivity measurement in upward vertical tube - Google Patents
Sensor for aqueous phase multiphase flow water phase conductivity measurement in upward vertical tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN108397188A CN108397188A CN201810126912.1A CN201810126912A CN108397188A CN 108397188 A CN108397188 A CN 108397188A CN 201810126912 A CN201810126912 A CN 201810126912A CN 108397188 A CN108397188 A CN 108397188A
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- conducting element
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- flow
- phase
- conductivity
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/22—Measuring resistance of fluids
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of sensors for aqueous phase multiphase flow water phase conductivity measurement in upward vertical tube, including insulation conducting element, measuring electrode and the upper end conducting element above insulation conducting element, wherein, the size of upper end conducting element bottom upstream face is more than the floor projection of back side at the top of the size and its floor projection covering insulation conducting element of insulation conducting element top back side；The cavity formed between the back side and the upstream face for the upper end conducting element being positioned above of insulation conducting element is referred to as full water and obtains area, and the height in full water acquisition area should be guaranteed that the fluid newly flowed into from bottom to top can be detached in it and be generated between the fluid retained and exchange.The main body of upper end conducting element is column, and bottom offers annular groove；Measuring electrode is fixed on the top of insulation conducting element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor of aqueous phase multiphase flow water phase conductivity measurement, such sensor can be used for water filling
Develop oil fields producing well grease/air water/oil gas water/multiphase flow split-phase volumetric concentration electrical measurement.
Background technology
Along with the different mining types during water flooding, often occurs grease/air water/oil gas in oil well
Water/multiphase flow produces mixed liquor.To understand oil well production dynamic characteristic and optimization reservoir management, real-time dynamic monitoring oil well is needed
Specific retention parameter.Currently, conductance method or capacitance method are to obtain the general measure means of specific retention, due to different regions oil gas field
Change to stratum aqueous nature frequently during matter structural differences and water flooding leads to the water phase electricity in oil well produced liquid
Complicated variation occurs for conductance and dielectric constant, this specific retention measurement result that can give based on electric method (conductance or capacitance) is brought
Larger impact.Therefore, specific retention measurement result is influenced in order to reduce water phase conductivity variations, monitors oil well inner aqueous phase electricity in real time
Conductance variation has important practical usage to improving specific retention measurement accuracy.
Microwave technology (United States Patent, Patent No.:US6831470B2,Date of Patent:
) and bimodal gamma ray method (Salinity independent measurement of gas volume Dec.14,2004
fraction in oil/gas/water pipe flows,Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2000,53:
595-601) have been used for the monitoring of water phase conductivity in multiphase flow, but these sensor structures and its measuring system are relatively more multiple
Miscellaneous, installation cost is high and measurement method realizes that difficulty is also larger.
Invention content
The present invention is to provide a kind of water phase conductivity measuring apparatus of aqueous phase multiphase flow in upward vertical tube, has structure
Simply, precision is higher, it can be achieved that the characteristics of the real time dynamic measurement of water phase conductivity.Technical solution is as follows：
A kind of sensor for aqueous phase multiphase flow water phase conductivity measurement in upward vertical tube, including insulation water conservancy diversion
Part, measuring electrode and the upper end conducting element above insulation conducting element, wherein the size of upper end conducting element bottom upstream face is big
The size of back side and the floor projection of its floor projection covering insulation conducting element top back side at the top of insulation conducting element；
The cavity formed between the back side and the upstream face for the upper end conducting element being positioned above of insulation conducting element is referred to as full water and obtains
Take area, full water obtain area height should be guaranteed that the fluid newly flowed into from bottom to top can in it separation and with the fluid that retains
Between generate exchange.The main body of upper end conducting element is column, and bottom offers annular groove；Measuring electrode is fixed on insulation and leads
Flow the top of part.
Preferably, in axial slices figure, the shape of annular groove is two semicircles.The measuring electrode includes circle
Shape electrode and annular electrode positioned at circular electrode periphery.The main body of the insulation conducting element is column, and it is half to meet at stream
Sphere.By optimizing measuring electrode size, make measuring electrode that there is higher water phase conductivity measurement sensitivity and the linearity.
The present invention has the advantages that following measurement due to taking above technical scheme：
(1) insulation conducting element of the invention and full water acquisition area can be during grease/air water/oil gas water/Multiphase Flows
Dynamic obtains full water gaging environment.
(2) sensor for water phase conductivity measurement of the invention is based on conductance method, by it is dimensionally-optimised and be aided with through
It crosses after the measuring circuit of particular design and the direct measurement of water phase conductivity can be achieved, have precision height, fast response time, performance steady
The advantages that calmly and applicable multiphase flow pattern range is wide.
(3) sensor of the invention grease/air water/oil gas water/Multiphase Flow state, water suitable for upward vertical tube
Phase conductivity measurement output response is not by flow parameters shadows such as above-mentioned multiphase flow pattern, split-phase volumetric concentration and split-phase apparent velocities
It rings.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is water phase conductivity measurement sensors overall structure figure.
Fig. 2 is that the full water of water phase conductivity measurement sensors obtains area and measuring electrode detailed structure view.
Fig. 3 is that full water obtains area upper end conducting element structure chart, and (a) is that upper end conducting element vertical view (b) is that arbitrary axial direction is cut
Face figure.
Fig. 4 is entire water phase conductivity measurement sensor-based system structure chart.
Fig. 5 is to use the water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device of sensor of the invention in different conductivity aqueous solutions
Response output valve.
It is respectively 1000 μ s/cm, 4000 μ s/cm, 8000 μ s/cm that (a) (b) (c) of Fig. 6, which is in water phase conductivity respectively,
When, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow (bubble flow), slug flow (slug flow), mixed shape
Flow full water gaging response output when (churn flow).In figure, UsgAnd UswRespectively gas phase and water phase apparent velocity.
(a) (b) (c) of Fig. 7 is during the biphase gas and liquid flow of different flow patterns, and water phase conductivity is become by 8000 μ s/cm
When to 1000 μ s/cm, the dynamic response output valve of water phase conductivity measuring apparatus.In figure, UsgAnd UswRespectively gas phase and water phase
Apparent velocity.
(a) (b) (c) of Fig. 8 is during oil-water two-phase flow, and when water phase conductivity is 1000 μ s/cm, water phase is electric
Conductance dynamic measurement device is in different oil mixing with water flow velocity UmAnd moisture content KwWhen full water gaging output valve.
(a) (b) (c) of Fig. 9 is when water phase conductivity is 4000 μ s/cm, and water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is not
With oil mixing with water flow velocity UmAnd moisture content KwWhen full water gaging output valve.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 10 is when water phase conductivity is 8000 μ s/cm, and water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is not
With oil mixing with water flow velocity UmAnd moisture content KwWhen full water gaging output valve.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 11 is compared with low flow velocity UmOil-water two-phase flow during, when water phase conductivity is by 8000 μ
When s/cm changes to 1000 μ s/cm, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in different water cut KwWhen dynamic response output
Value.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 12 is in high flow velocities UmOil-water two-phase flow during, when water phase conductivity is by 8000 μ
When s/cm changes to 1000 μ s/cm, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in different water cut KwWhen dynamic response output valve.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 13 is the water phase when water phase conductivity is 1000 μ s/cm during oil gas water three phase flows
Conductivity dynamic measurement device is in bubble flow (bubble flow), slug flow (slug flow), mixed shape stream (churn flow)
And different liquid phase oil content foWhen full water gaging output valve.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 14 is the water phase when water phase conductivity is 4000 μ s/cm during oil gas water three phase flows
Conductivity dynamic measurement device is in bubble flow (bubble flow), slug flow (slug flow), mixed shape stream (churn flow)
And different liquid phase oil content foWhen full water gaging output valve.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 15 is the water phase when water phase conductivity is 8000 μ s/cm during oil gas water three phase flows
Conductivity dynamic measurement device is in bubble flow (bubble flow), slug flow (slug flow), mixed shape stream (churn flow)
And different liquid phase oil content foWhen full water gaging output valve.In figure, UsgAnd UslThe respectively apparent stream of gas phase and oil-water mixture
Speed.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 16 is at oil gas water three phase bubble flow (bubble flow), when water phase conductivity is by 8000
When μ s/cm change to 1000 μ s/cm, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in different liquid phase oil content foUnder dynamic response output
Value.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 17 is at oil gas water three phase slug flow (slug flow), when water phase conductivity is by 8000 μ
When s/cm changes to 1000 μ s/cm, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in different liquid phase oil content foUnder dynamic response output
Value.
(a) (b) (c) of Figure 18 is when oil gas water three phase mixes shape stream (churn flow), when water phase conductivity is by 8000 μ
When s/cm changes to 1000 μ s/cm, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in different liquid phase oil content foUnder dynamic response output
Value.In figure, UsgAnd UslRespectively gas phase and oil-water mixture apparent velocity.
Drawing reference numeral explanation：
1, sensor tube；2, insulate conducting element；3, full water obtains area；4, full water obtains area upper end conducting element；5, it encourages
Electrode；6, receiving electrode；7, excitation source signal；8, I/V conversion circuits；9, inverting amplifier；10, demodulation module.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The method have the characteristics that obtaining grease/air water/three kinds of oil gas water by designing conducting element and full water acquisition area
Water phase conductivity measurement electrode after optimization design is installed on full water gaging ring by the full water gaging environment during Multiphase Flow
Within the border, the conductivity information of full water voltage signal is converted by signal conditioning circuit to send to acquiring and processing device.
Illustrate the water phase conductivity measuring apparatus of aqueous phase multiphase flow in the upward vertical tube of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Water conductivity measurement sensor overall structure figure is as shown in Figure 1, include sensor tube 1, insulate conducting element 2, tail
The full water in portion obtains area 3 and internal conductance rate measuring electrode, and full water obtains area upper end conducting element 4.Full water obtains area and measuring electrode
Detailed construction as shown in Fig. 2, including stainless steel excitation electrode 5 and stainless steel receiving electrode 6.Full water obtains area upper end conducting element
Detailed construction is as shown in Figure 3.Insulate conducting element, and full water obtains area and the center of upper end conducting element and is overlapped with pipeline center.Sensing
The internal diameter D=20mm of device pipeline, it is hemisphere that insulation conducting element, which is met at stream, and rear end is the cylinder of outer diameter D 1=10mm, insulation
Conducting element total length H1=70mm.Full water obtains area internal diameter D2=8mm, and height H2 should be higher than that the detection height of electrode, protect again
Card external fluid can obtain in full water and detach in area and be exchanged with internal flow well, for fluid being measured operating mode, set H2
=20mm.Shown in the stereochemical structure of upper end conducting element such as Fig. 3 (a), fluoran stream surface is semi-circular shape slot, and rear end is diameter D3=
The cylinder of 12mm, whole height H3=50mm.The arbitrary axial slices of semi-circular shape slot are two tangent water conservancy diversion semicircles,
As shown in Fig. 3 (b), the radius D4=3mm of water conservancy diversion semicircle.Full water obtains height H4 of the area outer apart from upper end conducting element front end can
It is adjusted according to flow operating mode, is obtained in area with ensuring to be back to full water after fluid touches upper end conducting element, make inside stream
Body is detached and is exchanged well.For surveyed gas-liquid and oil-water two-phase flow, H4=2mm is set, for surveyed oil-gas-water three-phase flow,
Set H4=8mm.Conductivity measurement electrode uses structure type as shown in Figure 2, and it is r that circular central, which encourages the radius of electrode,
The width of outer ring-like receiving electrode is d, and it is l to encourage the spacing of electrode outer diameter and receiving electrode internal diameter.
The present invention optimizes electrode structure size using finite element method, and the parameter optimized is needed to have circular central to swash
Radius r, the width d of outer ring-like receiving electrode of electrode are encouraged, the spacing l of electrode outer diameter and receiving electrode internal diameter is encouraged.Limited
In first simulation software ANSYS, the relative resistivities of water is set as ρwThe relative resistivities of=1000 Ω m, gas are ρg=1 × 1020
Ω m, electrode resistance rate ρs=1.72 × 10-8Ωm.Select SOLID231 as cell type, using free subdivision method by model
Subdivision.On excitation electrode 5, the boundary voltage load of the constant current and 0V of -0.1mA is connecing for the constant current load of 0.1mA
It receives on electrode 6.It measures in a model on section and is put into a nonconducting bead, simulate the movement of non-conductive phase.Bead is in
When different location, the voltage of electrode is encouraged also to follow variation, therefore can be by encouraging the voltage of electrode variation to reflect conductance sensing
The sensitivity of device.
The present invention is averaged relative sensitivity (S using detecting field homogeneity error parameter (SVP) and sensoravg) as excellent
Change target.Transducer sensitivity is defined as：
Wherein, Δ U=U0- U, [Δ U (x, y, z)]maxIt is the maximum value for traversing coordinate (x, y, z) voltage change afterwards, U0For
Voltage output value when full water, U are the output voltage of sensor when having insulating pellets.
Average relative sensitivity (Savg) meaning refer to all position-sensitivities in section average value, be defined as：
Definition measure section homogeneity error parameter (SVP) be：
In formula, SdevTo measure the standard deviation of the relative sensitivity of different location on section, it is defined as：
Obviously, SavgValue is bigger, indicates that transducer sensitivity is higher, SVP values are smaller, i.e., homogeneity error is smaller.
It is optimized using single factor test shift process, i.e., only changes one of factor, remaining is fixed, and is then carried out
Gradually collocation experiment is compared, and optimal arranging scheme is obtained.It is final to determine through simulation comparison：Encourage electrode radius r=
0.75mm, electrode spacing l=0.5mm, receiving electrode width d=1mm.Sensor relative sensitivity highest at this time, uniformity are missed
It is poor minimum.
The measurement sensor-based system of the present invention is as shown in figure 4, signal source uses 20kHz, the sinusoidal voltage that peak-to-peak value is 4V to hand over
Flow signal, it is assumed that two interelectrode equivalent resistances are Rm, pumping signal virtual value is Vs, then the receptance function of system be：
Wherein, V0For the benchmark output valve of measuring system, and due to：
Rm=1/G
G=σ A2/l2
G is interelectrode conductance, and σ is electrical conductivity of solution, A2For pole plate facing area, l2For pole plate spacing, therefore the sound of system
Answer function that may finally be write as：
When electrode and circuit determine,V0For constant, thus the variable quantity of output voltage theoretically with solution
The variable quantity of conductivityσ (μ s/cm) is proportional, and therefore, which has very high sensitivity and line to the conductivity of solution
Property degree.Fig. 5 gives output valve and correspondence of the water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device of the present invention under different conductivity aqueous solutions
Relationship, it can be seen that the conductivity of system output value and water is in a linear relationship, this is also consistent with theory deduction above,
In practical measurement, as long as obtaining the output of water conductivity measurement sensor, so that it may to obtain solution according to the correspondence of Fig. 5
Conductivity information.
Experimental verification and result：
Fig. 6 is during gas liquid two-phase flow, when water phase conductivity is 1000 μ s/cm, 4000 μ s/cm and 8000 μ s/
When cm, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in bubble flow (bubble flow), slug flow (slug flow), mixed shape stream
Measurement output valve under the conditions of (churn flow) and when full water.As can be seen that under different conductivity and flow pattern, water conductivity
The output of dynamic measurement device is all more stable, and all close with output when single-phase full water, according to the correspondence of Fig. 5
Obtain water phase conductivity information during gas liquid two-phase flow.Define relative error the E=[(σ of conductivity measurementm-σ)/σ]×
100, wherein σmTo measure the conductivity of obtained water, σ is practical water phase conductivity, it can be seen that the present apparatus has higher
Water phase conductivity measurement precision in biphase gas and liquid flow.
Fig. 7 is during the gas liquid two-phase flow of different flow patterns, and water phase conductivity changes to 1000 μ s/ by 8000 μ s/cm
When cm, the dynamic response of water phase conductivity measuring apparatus.As can be seen that the water phase conductivity of three kinds of flow patterns of the measuring device pair is surveyed
Amount device has good dynamic tracking capabilities, for the minimum slug flow of mixture velocity (slug flow), water phase conductivity
Conversion time is also very short, for the bubble flow (bubble flow) and mixed shape stream (churn flow) of high flow velocities, water phase electricity
Conductance measurement performance is more excellent.To sum up, which can dynamically obtain water phase conductivity letter during gas liquid two-phase flow
Breath, and measure response output and do not influenced by variations in flow patterns, high certainty of measurement and measurement range is wider.
Fig. 8~Figure 10 is during oil-water two-phase flow, when the conductivity of water is respectively 1000 μ s/cm, 4000 μ s/cm
And when 8000 μ s/cm, water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is in different liquid phase mixture velocity Um, moisture content KwAnd survey when full water
Amount response output valve.As can be seen that in different conductivity, liquid phase mixture velocity and moisture content, water phase conductivity dynamic measures
The measurement response output of device is more stable, and close with output when single-phase full water, according to the correspondence of Fig. 5
Water phase conductivity information during oil-water two-phase flow is obtained, the present apparatus has higher it can be seen from relative error index
Water phase conductivity measurement precision in oil-water two-phase flow.
Figure 11~Figure 12 is when water phase conductivity changes to 1000 μ s/cm by 8000 μ s/cm, and the measuring device is relatively low mixed
Collaborate dynamic response output valve when fast and higher mixture velocity.As can be seen that the measuring device all has preferable water phase electricity
Conductance measures dynamic tracking capabilities, in addition, for relatively low mixture velocity and compared with the flow operating mode of low-water-content, water phase conductivity
The dynamic translation time is longer, and for higher mixture velocity and compared with high-moisture percentage flow operating mode, water phase conductivity dynamic turns
It is transsexual can be more excellent.To sum up, which can preferably obtain water phase conductivity information during oil-water two-phase flow, and measure
Output response is not influenced by flow velocity and water-cut variation, high certainty of measurement and with compared with Wide measuring range.
Figure 13~Figure 15 is when water phase conductivity is respectively 1000 μ s/cm, 4000 μ s/cm and 8000 μ s/cm, in oil gas
During water Three-phase Flow, water phase conductivity measuring apparatus is in three kinds of flow patterns (bubble flow, slug flow, mixed shape stream), different liquid
Phase oil content foAnd measurement when full water responds output valve.As can be seen that under different conductivity, flow pattern and liquid phase oil content,
The measurement response output of water phase conductivity dynamic measurement device is more stable, is not influenced by flow pattern and oil content, and close single
Output valve when mutually full water.Water phase conductivity information during oil gas water three phase flows is can be obtained according to the correspondence of Fig. 5.
As can be seen that the present apparatus has the water phase conductivity measurement precision in higher oil-gas-water three-phase flow.
Figure 16~Figure 18 is under different oil-gas-water three-phase flow flow patterns and liquid phase oil content flox condition, when water phase conductivity
When changing to 1000 μ s/cm from 8000 μ s/cm, the dynamic response output valve of the measuring device.It can be seen that measuring device pair three
Kind flow pattern all has preferable water phase conductivity dynamic tracking capabilities.For the section of relatively low mixture velocity and higher liquid phase oil content
Plug flow, the water phase conductivity dynamic translation time is longer, reduces liquid phase oil content and increases mixture velocity, can reduce water phase electricity
Conductance dynamic translation time, therefore, bubble flow when for higher mixture velocity and mixed shape stream, water phase conductivity dynamic track
Performance is more excellent.To sum up, which dynamic can obtain water phase conductivity information during oil gas water three phase flows, and measures and ring
Should export is not influenced by flow pattern and liquid phase oil content variation, and measurement accuracy is higher and measurement range is wider.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of sensor for aqueous phase multiphase flow water phase conductivity measurement in upward vertical tube, including insulation conducting element,
Measuring electrode and the upper end conducting element above insulation conducting element, wherein the size of upper end conducting element bottom upstream face is more than
The size of conducting element top back side that insulate and the floor projection of its floor projection covering insulation conducting element top back side；Exhausted
The cavity formed between the back side of edge conducting element and the upstream face for the upper end conducting element being positioned above is referred to as full water and obtains
Area, full water obtain area height should be guaranteed that the fluid newly flowed into from bottom to top can in it separation and with the fluid that retains it
Between generate exchange.The main body of upper end conducting element is column, and bottom offers annular groove；Measuring electrode is fixed on insulation water conservancy diversion
The top of part.
2. sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in axial slices figure, the shape of annular groove is two
A semicircle.
3. sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measuring electrode include circular electrode and positioned at circle
The annular electrode of shape electrode perimeter.
4. sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the main body of the insulation conducting element is column, is met
It is hemisphere at stream.
5. sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by optimizing measuring electrode size, measuring electrode is made to have
There are higher water phase conductivity measurement sensitivity and the linearity.
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| CN201810126912.1A CN108397188B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Sensor for measuring water phase conductivity of water-phase multi-phase flow in vertical riser |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109184666A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-11 | 长春市斯普瑞新技术有限责任公司 | A kind of production profile logging instrument of gas recovery well |
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| CN2100608U (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1992-04-01 | 吉林省油田管理局测井公司 | Low-displacement water-searching instrument |
| WO2009049315A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Measure of quantities of oil and water in multiphase flows |
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| CN109184666A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-11 | 长春市斯普瑞新技术有限责任公司 | A kind of production profile logging instrument of gas recovery well |
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| CN108397188B (en) | 2021-06-29 |
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