CN108386268A - 多湍流器热交换器 - Google Patents

多湍流器热交换器 Download PDF

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CN108386268A
CN108386268A CN201810101163.7A CN201810101163A CN108386268A CN 108386268 A CN108386268 A CN 108386268A CN 201810101163 A CN201810101163 A CN 201810101163A CN 108386268 A CN108386268 A CN 108386268A
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turbulator
pallet
air
shell
charger
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J·S·戴维斯
P·R·帕特尔
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0425—Air cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0456—Air cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
    • F28D1/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels with an air driving element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0366—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/06—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being attachable to the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0082—Charged air coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F28F3/027—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements with openings, e.g. louvered corrugated fins; Assemblies of corrugated strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

本公开涉及一种用于冷却被供应至内燃机的空气的空气对空气增压空气冷却器(CAC)。CAC可具有壳体和位于壳体中的多个托盘。托盘中的第一托盘可包括具有第一内部配置的第一湍流器。托盘中的第二托盘可包括具有与第一内部配置不同的第二内部配置的第二湍流器。

Description

多湍流器热交换器
技术领域
本公开涉及热交换器，并且更具体地涉及一种具有不同类型的湍流器的热交换器。
背景技术
此处提供的背景描述的目的在于总体地呈现本公开的背景。就本背景技术部分中所描述的程度而言，当前署名的发明人的工作以及在提交申请时可以不另外被视为现有技术的该描述的多个方面既不明确地也不隐含地被认作针对本公开的现有技术。
汽车使用具有涡轮增压器的发动机来增加功率并且降低燃料消耗。空气对空气增压空气冷却器(“CAC”)形式的热交换器通常用于在由涡轮增压器产生的压缩空气被供给至发动机的进气歧管之前冷却压缩空气。压缩空气的冷却增加了空气的密度，这提高了发动机的效率。
CAC包括压缩空气流经的多个独立管。CAC通常位于车辆的前部使得当车辆行驶时环境空气通过管。单独的湍流器可被设置在每个管内部。湍流器充当散热器以帮助散发涡轮增压器产生的压缩空气的热量。然而，被供给至CAC之的空气中的水分不会在CAC中冷凝是重要的。如果液体迁移至发动机的燃烧室中，那么水分降低了发动机性能。在低温下，水分可能会冻结并且导致阻塞穿过CAC的一些流动路径。如果水分冻结，那么也可能会导致CAC开裂。这可能会导致压缩空气从CAC泄漏，降低了发动机的效率。
CAC的大小可增加以增加冷却能力。然而，由于可用空间有限，增加CAC的尺寸会影响发动机舱内的周围部件。冷却剂-空气热交换器系统是增加冷却能力的另一种选择。然而，冷却剂-空气热交换器比CAC型热交换器成本更高、重量更大，并且通常涉及比空气对空气CAC更多的部件。
发明内容
在一个方面中，本公开涉及一种用于冷却被供应至内燃机的空气的空气对空气增压空气冷却器(CAC)。CAC可包括壳体和位于壳体中的多个托盘。托盘中的第一托盘可包括具有第一内部配置的第一湍流器。托盘中的第二托盘可包括具有与第一内部配置不同的第二内部配置的第二湍流器。
在另一个方面中，本公开涉及一种用于冷却被供应至内燃机的空气的空气对空气增压空气冷却器(CAC)。CAC可包括壳体。多个托盘可位于壳体中。托盘中的第一托盘可包括切缝偏置式湍流器。托盘中的第二托盘可包括平滑式湍流器。
在又一个方面中，本公开涉及一种用于冷却被供应至内燃机的空气的空气对空气增压空气冷却器(CAC)。CAC可包括壳体和位于壳体中的多个托盘。第一子多个托盘中的每个托盘可包括单独的切缝偏置式湍流器。与第一子多个托盘不同的第二子多个托盘中的每个托盘可包括单独的平滑式湍流器。
从具体实施方式、权利要求书和附图将会清楚本公开的其它应用领域。具体实施方式和具体示例仅旨在用于说明目的并且不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
通过具体实施方式和附图将更完全地理解本公开，其中：
图1是根据本公开的CAC的透视图；
图2是根据图1中的剖面线2-2截取的图3的CAC的最左侧部分的横截面视图；
图3是根据图2中的方向线3的平面图，其说明了CAC中使用的不同类型的湍流器的位置的一个实施例；且
图4是CAC的另一个实施例的平面图，该CAC具有在CAC的壳体内以交替方式布置的切缝偏置式和平滑式湍流器。
在附图中，可以重复使用附图标记以标识类似和/或相似的元件。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1，本发明的空气对空气增压空气冷却器(CAC)100的一个实施例用于冷却被供应至机动车辆的内燃机的进气歧管的空气。CAC100包括壳体102、与壳体相关联的入口结构104a，该入口结构用于联接至外部导管或软管，来自涡轮增压器的压缩空气通过该外部导管或软管被输送至CAC。出口结构104b附接至壳体102，通过该出口结构104b，行进通过CAC100的压缩空气被排放至发动机的进气歧管。来自发动机的涡轮增压器的热压缩空气被引导至CAC100中并且在被排放之前在CAC中进行冷却。借助于流入和通过CAC100的环境气流106来实现冷却。
现在参考图2，壳体102包围多个独立的矩形托盘108，环境气流106流经该托盘。每个托盘108包括选定类型的湍流器，例如平滑式湍流器或切缝偏置式湍流器。托盘108可移除地保持在壳体102内，或它们可诸如通过焊接永久地安装在壳体中。
在图3中，托盘108的阴影部分表示安装了切缝偏置式湍流器110的托盘，且无阴影部分表示安装了平滑式湍流器112的托盘108。每种样式的湍流器110或112的数量可取决于具体的车辆/发动机应用。虽然湍流器110和112被示为分成两个不同的组，但是其它配置也是可能的。例如，CAC100可使用交替图案的湍流器110和112使得没有两个相邻的托盘108具有相同样式的湍流器110或112。
现在参考图4，CAC200包括在壳体208内的堆叠托盘206中的交替定位的切缝偏置式湍流器202和平滑式湍流器204。切缝偏置式湍流器202和平滑式湍流器204实际上可被配置为适合特定发动机/车辆应用的需要的任何图案或分组。例如，可提供两个切缝偏置式湍流器202和三个平滑式湍流器204的交替组。更进一步的一个切缝偏置式湍流器202可位于两个或多个平滑式湍流器204的组之间。
在CAC100或200中使用两种不同类型的湍流器提供了许多好处。例如，与具有所有平滑式湍流器的相同尺寸的现有技术CAC相比，CAC100或200可提供改进的冷却性能，而不显著地增加CAC中冷凝物和/或结冰形成的风险。CAC100或200的附加优点是，对于给定程度的冷却能力，与结合所有平滑式湍流器的CAC所需要的相比，CAC可制造得更小，且重量更轻和材料更少。这可能导致制造CAC100的成本节约。CAC100的改进的紧凑性还可使得CAC100能够用于发动机舱中的多个位置，在该多个位置中，具有相同冷却能力但由于其仅使用平滑式湍流器而较大的现有技术CAC将是不可能的。
应当明白的是，本公开还扩展为使用全部一种类型的湍流器(诸如所有平滑式湍流器，但是两个或更多个平滑式湍流器具有不同的内部配置(例如不同的内部翼片设计或配置的情况除外))，或替代地扩展为使用所有切缝偏置式湍流器(但是两个或更多个切缝偏置式湍流器具有不同的内部配置(例如不同的翼片设计或配置)的情况除外)。更进一步地，本公开扩展为平滑式和切缝偏置式湍流器的任何组合，其中一种样式或两种样式具有不同的内部配置。
以上描述的本质仅仅是说明性的并且决不旨在限制本公开、其应用或用途。本公开的广泛教导可通过各种形式来实施。因此，虽然本公开包括特定示例，但是本公开的真实范围不应当局限于此，因为当研究图式、说明书和以下权利要求书之后将明白其它修改。应当理解的是，方法内的一个或多个步骤可以不同顺序(或同时)执行且不更改本公开的原理。另外，虽然每个实施例在上文被描述为具有某些特征，但是关于本公开的任何实施例描述的任何一个或多个这样的特征均可在任何其它实施例的特征中和/或结合任何其它实施例的特征来实施，即便该组合没有明确描述。换言之，所描述实施例并不相互排斥，且一个或多个实施例彼此的置换保留在本公开的范围内。
元件之间(例如，模块、电路元件、半导体层等之间)的空间和功能关系是使用各种术语来描述，该术语包括“连接”、“接合”、“联接”、“相邻”、“紧靠”、“在……顶部上”、“在……上方”、“在……下方”和“设置”。除非明确描述为“直接”，否则当在上述公开中描述第一元件与第二元件之间的关系时，该关系可为其中第一元件与第二元件之间不存在其它介入元件的直接关系，但是也可为其中第一元件与第二元件之间(空间上或功能上)存在一个或多个介入元件的间接关系。如本文所使用，短语A、B和C中的至少一个应被理解为意味着使用非排他性逻辑OR的逻辑(A OR B OR C)，且不应被理解为意味着“至少一个A、至少一个B和至少一个C”。
在35U.S.C.§112(f)的含义内，除非元件使用短语“用于……的装置”明确叙述或在使用短语“用于……的操作”或“用于……的步骤”的方法权利要求书的情况中，权利要求书中叙述的元件均不旨在是装置加功能元件。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于冷却被供应至内燃机的空气的空气对空气增压空气冷却器(CAC)，所述增压空气冷却器包括：
壳体；
多个托盘，其位于所述壳体中；
托盘中的第一托盘，其包括具有第一内部配置的第一湍流器；以及
托盘中的第二托盘，其包括具有与所述第一内部配置不同的第二内部配置的第二湍流器。
2.一种用于冷却被供应至内燃机的空气的空气对空气增压空气冷却器(CAC)，所述增压空气冷却器包括：
壳体；
多个托盘，其位于所述壳体中；
所述托盘中的第一托盘，其包括切缝偏置式湍流器；以及
托盘中的第二托盘，其包括平滑式湍流器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的增压空气冷却器，其中至少一个附加的切缝偏置式湍流器被设置在所述托盘中的一个托盘中。
4.根据权利要求2所述的增压空气冷却器，其中至少一个附加的平滑式湍流器被设置在所述托盘中的一个托盘中。
5.根据权利要求3所述的增压空气冷却器，其中所述切缝偏置式湍流器和所述附加的切缝偏置式湍流器在所述壳体中彼此紧邻地定位。
6.根据权利要求4所述的增压空气冷却器，其中所述平滑式湍流器和所述附加的平滑式湍流器在所述壳体中彼此紧邻地定位。
7.根据权利要求2所述的增压空气冷却器，进一步包括：
附加的多个切缝偏置式湍流器；以及
附加的多个平滑式湍流器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的增压空气冷却器，其中所述切缝偏置式湍流器和所述附加的多个切缝偏置式湍流器在所述壳体中作为一组而彼此相邻地设置。
9.根据权利要求7所述的增压空气冷却器，其中所述平滑式湍流器和所述附加的多个平滑式湍流器在所述壳体中作为一组而彼此相邻地设置。
10.根据权利要求7所述的增压空气冷却器，其中：
所述多个托盘中的第一子多个托盘中的每个托盘包括所述多个切缝偏置式湍流器中的一个切缝偏置式湍流器；且
与所述多个托盘中的所述第一子多个托盘不同的所述多个托盘中的第二子多个托盘中的每个托盘包括所述多个平滑式湍流器中的一个平滑式湍流器。
CN201810101163.7A 2017-02-02 2018-02-01 多湍流器热交换器 Pending CN108386268A (zh)

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