CN108384931A - A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench - Google Patents
A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench Download PDFInfo
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- CN108384931A CN108384931A CN201810317484.0A CN201810317484A CN108384931A CN 108384931 A CN108384931 A CN 108384931A CN 201810317484 A CN201810317484 A CN 201810317484A CN 108384931 A CN108384931 A CN 108384931A
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- spring steel
- fuse salt
- phase change
- change medium
- temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/607—Molten salts
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, which is by 5% ~ 10%NaCl, 5% ~ 10%Na2CO 3With 80% ~ 90%NaOH（Molar content）The mixed melting salt of composition.Application process of the fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench includes the following steps：（1）Austenitizing：Spring steel is heated to 860 ~ 870 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30 ~ 40 min；（2）Grade quench：By step（1）Gained spring steel is put into fuse salt phase change medium, and agitation spring steel accelerates cooling, and fuse salt phase change medium persistently keeps the temperature uniform to spring steel temperature at 282.0 DEG C ~ 295.0 DEG C；（3）Oil cooling：By step（2）Gained spring steel is put into room temperature quenching oil, is cooled to room temperature, that is, is completed the grade quench to spring steel.The features such as fuse salt grade quench medium of the present invention has cooling velocity fast, and quenching internal stress is small, hardness is high, and workpiece deformation quantity is small, and hardening media temperature is stablized, can apply to the stepped quenching process of spring steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fuse salt phase change mediums for spring steel grade quench, belong to heat treatment technics neck
Domain.
Background technology
In the production process of spring steel, heat treatment process is an essential step, and heat treatment process is bad, reaches naturally
Less than the production standard of spring steel.The main heat treatment process of general spring steel is quenching and average tempering.In quenching process,
The medium of conventional springs steel quenching is all to use quenching oils or water, but the hardening media of oils is relatively low with respect to cooling rate, to spring
The quenching degree of steel is relatively low, often occurs quenching the problems such as not hard or quench-hardened case is shallow.And quenching oil heat treatment for a period of time
Afterwards because to easily cause the organic chain break of chemistry, chemical analysis unstable for high temperature, causes spring steel quenching uneven, form quenching and answer
Power.In addition it is big need to regularly replace wastage for quenching oil, and easily cause fire and seriously affected to environment.The quenching of water-based solvent
Medium cooling velocity is very fast, it is easy to lead to the generation of hardening flaw and larger deformation quantity.Therefore, either water quenching is still
The cooling velocity of oil quenching, two kinds of Single Mediums is all less desirable, faster cooling velocity cannot be obtained at high temperature, in low temperature
When obtain slower cooling velocity.
Invention content
The present invention, to the deficiency of spring steel cooling performance, provides a kind of for the molten of grade quench for single-stage quenching medium
Melt salt phase change medium, which has cooling velocity fast, and quenching internal stress is small, case hardness is high, workpiece deformation
Measure it is small, hardening media temperature stablize the features such as, can apply to the stepped quenching process of spring steel.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the preparation methods of above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium.
The present invention be solve the problems, such as it is set forth above used by technical solution be：
A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, which is by NaCl, Na2CO3The fuse salt mixed with NaOH, wherein molar percentage shared by each raw material salt is：5%~10%NaCl, 5%~10%
Na2CO 3, 80%~90%NaOH.Preferably, molar percentage shared by each raw material salt is：5%~8%NaCl, 5%~8%
Na2CO 3With 85%~90%NaOH.
By said program, the raw material NaCl purity is not less than 99.5%, Na2CO3Purity is pure not less than 99.5%, NaOH
Degree is not less than 95.0%.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium for grade quench, according to the proportioning of above-mentioned various raw materials and pure
Degree requires be mixed and heated 282.0 DEG C~295.0 DEG C to get fuse salt phase change medium.
The above-mentioned stepped quenching process that can be used for spring steel for the fuse salt phase change medium of grade quench solves single liquid
Quenching there are the problem of.Above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium is as follows for spring steel grade quench：
(1) fuse salt phase change medium is prepared：According to said ratio and purity requirement, raw material is poured into quenching salt pond, is added
Heat stirs evenly for use to constant temperature is kept after 282.0 DEG C~295.0 DEG C；
(2) austenitizing：Spring steel is heated to 860~870 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30~40min；
(3) grade quench：Spring steel obtained by step (2) is quickly removed and is put into the spare fuse salt of step (1), is stirred
Spring steel accelerates cooling, and it is uniform to spring steel temperature to continue 3~8min of heat preservation at 282.0 DEG C~295.0 DEG C；
(4) oil cooling：The spring steel taken out in step (3) fuse salt is put into quenching oil, is cooled to room temperature, that is, is completed spring
The grade quench of steel.Wherein, the temperature of the quenching oil is no more than 60 DEG C.
For existing single-stage quenching medium, a kind of fuse salt phase change medium for grade quench of the invention has
Following advantage：
First, the present invention in NaOH by being added NaCl and Na2CO3Two kinds of salt form fuse salt grade quench medium, carry
The quenching cooling velocity of high spring steel high temperature increases quenching hardness, and can reduce quenching internal stress and retained austenite
Content, workpiece deformation extent reduces, to greatly improve the fatigue life of spring steel.
Second, grade quench medium of the present invention polluted in quenching process it is small, it is more safer than oil quenching, due to phase transformation
The features such as reason, hardening media temperature is more stable, and the serviceable bife period is long can be applied to the grade quench work of spring steel
Skill.
The phase transition temperature of third, grade quench medium of the present invention is in 282.0 DEG C~295 DEG C or so, quenches phase
Change can absorb a large amount of heat, and fuse salt temperature change is smaller, more stable.
Specific implementation mode
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but the present invention is not
It is limited only to the following examples.
In following embodiments, the raw material NaCl purity is 99.5%, Na2CO 3Purity is that 99.5%, NaOH purity is
95.0%.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, in terms of molar content by 7.8%NaCl,
6.4%Na2CO 3It is formed with 85.8%NaOH Hybrid Heatings, fusing point is 282.0 DEG C.
A kind of above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, the classification for being used for 51CrV4 spring steel are quenched
Fiery process includes the following steps：
(1) fuse salt is prepared：NaCl, the Na that will be prepared by said ratio2CO3Quenching salt pond is poured into the salt-mixture of NaOH
It is interior, constant temperature is kept after being heated to 282.0 DEG C, is stirred evenly for use；
(2) austenitizing：51CrV4 spring steel is heated to 860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30min；
(3) grade quench：51CrV4 spring steel is quickly removed and is put into for use fuse salt of step (1), spring is stirred
Steel accelerates cooling, persistently keeps the temperature 5min；
(4) oil cooling：The 51CrV4 spring steel taken out in step (3) fuse salt is put into 15 DEG C of oil sump, and oil temperature is cooled to,
Obtain the 51CrV4 spring steel after grade quench.
It is detected through XRD and Rockwell apparatus, it is as follows to obtain result, after the fuse salt grade quench, 51CrV4 springs
Steel residual austenite content 3.3%, quenching hardness 62.8HRC, depth of hardening zone are more than 20mm, meet the production of the spring steel
Standard.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, in terms of molar content by 5.3%NaCl,
6.4%Na2CO 3It is formed with 88.3%NaOH Hybrid Heatings, fusing point is 285.0 DEG C.
A kind of above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, the classification for being used for 51CrV4 spring steel are quenched
Fiery process includes the following steps：
(1) fuse salt is prepared：NaCl, the Na that will be prepared by said ratio2CO 3Quenching salt pond is poured into the salt-mixture of NaOH
It is interior, constant temperature is kept after being heated to 285.0 DEG C, is stirred evenly for use；
(2) austenitizing：51CrV4 spring steel is heated to 860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30min；
(3) grade quench：51CrV4 spring steel is quickly removed and is put into for use fuse salt of step (1), spring is stirred
Steel accelerates cooling, persistently keeps the temperature 5min；
(4) oil cooling：The 51CrV4 spring steel taken out in step (3) fuse salt is put into 15 DEG C of oil sump, and oil temperature is cooled to,
Obtain the 51CrV4 spring steel after grade quench.
It is detected through XRD and Rockwell apparatus, it is as follows to obtain result, after the fuse salt grade quench, 51CrV4 springs
Steel residual austenite content 3.8%, quenching hardness 62.3HRC, depth of hardening zone are more than 20mm, meet the production of the spring steel
Standard.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, in terms of molar content by 6.1%NaCl,
6.6%Na2CO 3It is formed with 87.3%NaOH Hybrid Heatings, fusing point is 291.0 DEG C.
A kind of above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, the classification for being used for 51CrV4 spring steel are quenched
Fiery process includes the following steps：
(1) fuse salt is prepared：NaCl, the Na that will be prepared by said ratio2CO 3Quenching salt pond is poured into the salt-mixture of NaOH
It is interior, constant temperature is kept after being heated to 291.0 DEG C, is stirred evenly for use；
(2) austenitizing：51CrV4 spring steel is heated to 860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30min；
(3) grade quench：51CrV4 spring steel is quickly removed and is put into for use fuse salt of step (1), spring is stirred
Steel accelerates cooling, persistently keeps the temperature 5min；
(4) oil cooling：The 51CrV4 spring steel taken out in step (3) fuse salt is put into 15 DEG C of oil sump, and oil temperature is cooled to,
Obtain the 51CrV4 spring steel after grade quench.
It is detected through XRD and Rockwell apparatus, it is as follows to obtain result, after the fuse salt grade quench, 51CrV4 springs
The residual austenite content of steel is 4.1%, and quenching hardness 61.7HRC, depth of hardening zone is more than 20mm, meets the spring steel
Production standard.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, in terms of molar content by 7.8%NaCl,
6.4%Na2CO 3It is formed with 85.8%NaOH Hybrid Heatings, fusing point is 282.0 DEG C.
A kind of above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, the classification for being used for 51CrV4 spring steel are quenched
Fiery process includes the following steps：
(1) fuse salt is prepared：NaCl, the Na that will be prepared by said ratio2CO 3Quenching salt pond is poured into the salt-mixture of NaOH
It is interior, constant temperature is kept after being heated to 282.0 DEG C, is stirred evenly for use；
(2) austenitizing：51CrV4 spring steel is heated to 860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30min；
(3) grade quench：51CrV4 spring steel is quickly removed and is put into for use fuse salt of step (1), spring is stirred
Steel accelerates cooling, persistently keeps the temperature 3min；
(4) oil cooling：The 51CrV4 spring steel taken out in step (3) fuse salt is put into 25 DEG C of oil sump, and oil temperature is cooled to,
Obtain the 51CrV4 spring steel after grade quench.
It is detected through XRD and Rockwell apparatus, it is as follows to obtain result, after the fuse salt grade quench, 51CrV4 springs
Steel residual austenite content is 4.3%, and quenching hardness 61.5HRC, depth of hardening zone is more than 20mm, meets the life of the spring steel
Production standard.
Embodiment 5
A kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, in terms of molar content by 7.8%NaCl,
6.4%Na2CO 3It is formed with 85.8%NaOH Hybrid Heatings, fusing point is 282.0 DEG C.
A kind of above-mentioned fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, the classification for being used for 51CrV4 spring steel are quenched
Fiery process includes the following steps：
(1) fuse salt is prepared：NaCl, the Na that will be prepared by said ratio2CO 3Quenching salt pond is poured into the salt-mixture of NaOH
It is interior, constant temperature is kept after being heated to 282.0 DEG C, is stirred evenly for use；
(2) austenitizing：51CrV4 spring steel is heated to 860 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30min；
(3) grade quench：51CrV4 spring steel is quickly removed and is put into for use fuse salt of step (1), spring is stirred
Steel accelerates cooling, persistently keeps the temperature 8min；
(4) oil cooling：The 51CrV4 spring steel taken out in step (3) fuse salt is put into 40 DEG C of oil sump, and oil temperature is cooled to,
Obtain the 51CrV4 spring steel after grade quench.
It is detected through XRD and Rockwell apparatus, it is as follows to obtain result, after the fuse salt grade quench, 51CrV4 springs
The residual austenite content of steel is 4.8%, and quenching hardness 61.1HRC, depth of hardening zone is more than 20mm, meets the spring steel
Production standard.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that come for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, several modifications and variations can also be made, these belong to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench, it is characterised in that it is NaCl, Na2CO3It is mixed with NaOH
Fuse salt made of conjunction, it includes 5% ~ 10%NaCl, 5% ~ 10%Na based on molar content2CO 3With 80% ~ 90%NaOH.
2. a kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it
Including 5% ~ 8%NaCl, 5% ~ 8%Na based on molar content2CO 3With 85% ~ 90%NaOH.
3. a kind of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
The NaCl purity is not less than 99.5%, Na2CO 3Purity is more than 95.0% not less than 99.5%, NaOH purity.
4. a kind of preparation method of fuse salt phase change medium for spring steel grade quench as claimed in claim 1 or 2, special
Sign is NaCl, Na2CO3Keep permanent after being mixed according to molar content with NaOH, after being heated to 282.0 DEG C ~ 295.0 DEG C
Temperature stirs evenly the fuse salt phase change medium obtained for grade quench.
5. fuse salt phase change medium as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is used for the application of spring steel grade quench, it is characterised in that application
Method includes the following steps：
（1）Austenitizing：Spring steel is heated to 860 ~ 870 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30 ~ 40 min；
（2）Grade quench：By step（1）Gained spring steel is put into fuse salt phase change medium, and agitation spring steel accelerates cooling, melts
Melt salt phase change medium persistently keep the temperature it is uniform to spring steel temperature at 282.0 DEG C ~ 295.0 DEG C；
（3）Oil cooling：By step（2）Gained spring steel, which is put into room temperature quenching oil, is cooled to room temperature, that is, completes to divide spring steel
Grade quenching.
6. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step（2）Middle soaking time is 3 ~ 8 min.
7. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the temperature of the quenching oil is no more than 60 DEG C.
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