CN108384556B - Preparation method of degradable sand fixing agent - Google Patents
Preparation method of degradable sand fixing agent Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3271—Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3278—Hydroxyamines containing at least three hydroxy groups
- C08G18/3281—Hydroxyamines containing at least three hydroxy groups containing three hydroxy groups
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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- C09K2105/00—Erosion prevention
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a degradable sand fixing agent, belonging to the field of sand fixing agents. The peat soil, the glucose and the water are put into a container to be uniformly mixed and stand, spray-dried, the dried material is collected, ball-milled and sieved, and the sieved particles are collected; putting acetone, 1, 4-butanediol, L-lactide and dibutyltin dilaurate into a reactor, using carbon dioxide for protection, heating for reaction, cooling to room temperature, collecting reaction mixture, recovering acetone, and collecting residues; putting the residues, toluene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, sieved particles and a catalyst into a reaction kettle, stirring, adding triethanolamine, heating, continuing stirring, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and collecting a discharged material; and filtering the discharged material to recover the catalyst, performing rotary evaporation to recover toluene, collecting the rotary residues, and uniformly mixing the rotary residues, the cactus gum and the biological particles to obtain the degradable sand-fixing agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sand fixing agents, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a degradable sand fixing agent.
Background
Desertification is a major global ecological environment problem faced by human at present, which troubles the survival and development of human society, and China is one of the countries seriously harmed by desertification. The area of desert and desertified land reaches 149 km2Wherein the desertification land area reaches 33.4 km2The method brings serious influence on industrial and agricultural production, people's life and human health, and the continuously aggravated sandstorm and the expansion of desertification land lead the ecological environment to frost on snow, engulf the living space of Chinese nationality and bring great harm to national economy and social development. Meanwhile, the desert and the soil-covered area of the desert are often accompanied with a series of ecological problems such as strong wind, quicksand, surface drought, water and soil loss and the like. A series of agriculture and forestry problems caused by the method seriously obstruct the growth and development of green plants and crops, cause the phenomena of seedling shortage, yield reduction, death and the like, and waste a large amount of land resources and precious water resources.
There are three methods for fixing quicksand, namely mechanical sand fixing, chemical sand fixing and plant sand fixing. If sand barriers, grass squares and the like are arranged for mechanically fixing sand, the effect is quick, but the investment is large, and the sand-fixing device is not suitable for being used in a large range; the plant sand fixation mainly comprises the steps of planting a protection forest at the edge or the abdominal land of a desert or carrying out plant skinning on the sand surface, reducing the wind speed of the desert, preventing the desert from rising sand and further achieving the purpose of sand fixation. The research results of sand prevention and control at home and abroad show that the plant sand control is most commonly applied in various control technical measures. However, in places with bad natural conditions and severe invasion by quicksand and local and rapid sand fixation, the plant sand fixation cannot play a role in a short period of time and is even blown out by wind sand. Chemical sand stabilization means applying organic or inorganic sand stabilizing materials on the surface layer of desertified land to improve the stability and water retention of sand or desalting the saline-alkali land so as to achieve the purpose of improving and controlling the desertified land. The chemical prevention and control technology has the advantages of simple and convenient construction, low cost and quick response, can quickly improve desertified land, creates good water and soil conditions for plant growth, and improves the quality and efficiency of ecological environment engineering construction. Therefore, the sand fixing agent is widely applied due to the functions of dust prevention and sand fixation. The sand fixing materials adopted by the prior sand fixing agent comprise emulsified asphalt, phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, polyacrylamide, styrene-butadiene latex and the like, and although the sand fixing agent can achieve the purposes of wind prevention and sand fixation, the sand fixing agent is all organic polymer products, and the organic polymer products are difficult to degrade in the nature and can pollute desert areas, so that the application of the sand fixing agent is limited to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems that the prior sand fixing agent is mostly an organic polymer product, is difficult to degrade in nature and can cause pollution to desert regions, the invention provides a preparation method of a degradable sand fixing agent.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a degradable sand-fixing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 3: 1:2, putting peat soil, glucose and water into a container, uniformly mixing, sealing the container at 40-45 ℃, standing, spray-drying, collecting a dried substance, carrying out ball milling, sieving, and collecting sieved particles;
(2) taking 100-110 parts by weight of toluene, 70-80 parts by weight of acetone, 50-60 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 43-48 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate, 30-35 parts by weight of 1, 4-butanediol, 22-26 parts by weight of L-lactide, 35-40 parts by weight of sieved particles, 13-19 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 8-11 parts by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate and 3-6 parts by weight of catalyst;
(3) firstly, placing acetone, 1, 4-butanediol, L-lactide and dibutyltin dilaurate into a reactor, using carbon dioxide for protection, heating to 115-125 ℃, reacting for 16-18 h, cooling to room temperature, collecting reaction mixture, recovering acetone, and collecting residues;
(4) putting the residues, toluene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, sieved particles and a catalyst into a reaction kettle, stirring for 3-5 h at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, adding triethanolamine, heating to 75-80 ℃, continuing stirring for 10-15 h, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and collecting discharged materials;
(5) filtering the discharged material to recover the catalyst, performing rotary evaporation to recover toluene, collecting rotary residues, and mixing the rotary residues according to a mass ratio of 6: 3-5: 2, uniformly mixing the rotary residues, the cactus gum and the biological particles to obtain the degradable sand-fixing agent.
The catalyst is any one of chromium oxide and boron carbide.
The preparation method of the biological particles in the step (5) comprises the following steps:
A. taking bentonite and hydrochloric acid according to a mass ratio of 1:2, ultrasonic oscillation and filtration, calcining the filter cake at 700 ℃, collecting the calcined product, crushing and sieving, mixing the sieved particles with 0.3mol/L glucose solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing, standing, spray drying, and collecting dry particles for later use;
B. taking 150-160 parts of water, 30-45 parts of humus soil, 15-17 parts of yeast extract and 10-13 parts of peptone by weight parts, uniformly mixing, carrying out sealed fermentation for 1-3 days, collecting a fermentation mixture, filtering, collecting filtrate, and standing for 18-22 hours;
C. and C, after standing, putting the dried particles prepared in the step A into the filtrate, wherein the adding amount is 30-40% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, standing, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried substances, and mixing the freeze-dried substances with the zein solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, mixing, freeze-drying again, and collecting the dried substance to obtain the biological particles.
Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention takes the peat soil as a matrix, adds particles, mixes and stands with glucose, carries out rich acid culture, then takes the peat soil after being rich in acid and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, 1, 4-butanediol and L-lactide as raw materials, takes dibutyltin dilaurate as an auxiliary catalyst in the process of preparing the polyurethane acrylate, modifies the peat soil after being rich in acid through the action of the catalyst and triethanolamine, on one hand, the degradability is increased, on the other hand, the crosslinking degree is improved, after the peat soil is solidified into a film, the water retention can be better carried out, the sand-fixing effect is improved, in the process of film degradation, nutrient substances in sand can be effectively increased through the peat soil, the living environment of microorganisms is enlarged, the sand-fixing effect is further improved, and then the peat soil is mixed with biological particles and cactus gum, the viscosity is improved through cactus glue, the water storage capacity is improved, microbial nutrient substances are increased, microbial particles are reused, after ultraviolet curing is carried out to form a film on the surface of sand, anaerobic conditions are created for microbes, the propagation of the microbes is promoted, the internal structure of the sand is improved through microbial breeding and microbial activity, the sand fixing effect is improved, in the microbial preparation process, bentonite is used as a biological carrier, humus soil is used as a bacteria source, strains with good improvement effect in the humus soil are obtained, zein is used for wrapping protection, the loss of the microbes is avoided, meanwhile, the nutrients of the microbes are also increased, and the problems that most of the existing sand fixing agents are organic polymer products, the existing sand fixing agents are difficult to degrade in the nature, and pollution is caused to desert areas are solved.
Detailed Description
The catalyst is selected from one of chromium oxide and boron carbide.
The cactus gum is prepared by mixing cactus and water at a mass ratio of 1:2, squeezing, collecting the squeezed liquid, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate to 50% of the filtrate volume to obtain cactus gum.
The zein solution is prepared by mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: and 3, mixing the zein with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 85 percent to obtain the zein.
The preparation method of the biological particles comprises the following steps:
A. taking bentonite and hydrochloric acid according to a mass ratio of 1:2, ultrasonic oscillation is carried out for 15min, filtering is carried out, a filter cake is calcined for 1h at 700 ℃, calcined substances are collected, crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, and sieved particles and 0.3mol/L glucose solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing and standing for 50min, spray drying, and collecting dry particles for later use;
B. taking 150-160 parts of water, 30-45 parts of humus soil, 15-17 parts of yeast extract and 10-13 parts of peptone by weight parts, uniformly mixing, carrying out sealed fermentation at 30-35 ℃ for 1-3 days, collecting a fermentation mixture, filtering, collecting filtrate, and standing at room temperature for 18-22 hours;
C. and C, after standing, putting the dried particles prepared in the step A into the filtrate, wherein the adding amount is 30-40% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, standing at room temperature for 6 hours, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried substances, and mixing with the zein solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, mixing for 10min, freeze-drying again, and collecting the dried product to obtain the biological particles.
A preparation method of a degradable sand-fixing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 3: 1:2, putting peat soil, glucose and water into a container, uniformly mixing, sealing the container at 40-45 ℃, standing for 20 hours, spray-drying, collecting dried substances, performing ball milling, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved particles;
(2) taking 100-110 parts by weight of toluene, 70-80 parts by weight of acetone, 50-60 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 43-48 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate, 30-35 parts by weight of 1, 4-butanediol, 22-26 parts by weight of L-lactide, 35-40 parts by weight of sieved particles, 13-19 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 8-11 parts by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate and 3-6 parts by weight of catalyst;
(3) firstly, placing acetone, 1, 4-butanediol, L-lactide and dibutyltin dilaurate into a reactor, using carbon dioxide for protection, heating to 115-125 ℃, reacting for 16-18 h, cooling to room temperature, collecting reaction mixture, recovering acetone, and collecting residues;
(4) putting the residues, toluene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, sieved particles and a catalyst into a reaction kettle, stirring for 3-5 h at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, adding triethanolamine, heating to 75-80 ℃, continuing stirring for 10-15 h, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and collecting discharged materials;
(5) filtering the discharged material to recover the catalyst, performing rotary evaporation to recover toluene, collecting rotary residues, and mixing the rotary residues according to a mass ratio of 6: 3-5: 2, uniformly mixing the rotary residues, the cactus gum and the biological particles to obtain the degradable sand-fixing agent.
The catalyst is selected to be chromium oxide.
The cactus gum is prepared by mixing cactus and water at a mass ratio of 1:2, squeezing, collecting the squeezed liquid, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate to 50% of the filtrate volume to obtain cactus gum.
The zein solution is prepared by mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: and 3, mixing the zein with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 85 percent to obtain the zein.
The preparation method of the biological particles comprises the following steps:
A. taking bentonite and hydrochloric acid according to a mass ratio of 1:2, ultrasonic oscillation is carried out for 15min, filtering is carried out, a filter cake is calcined for 1h at 700 ℃, calcined substances are collected, crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, and sieved particles and 0.3mol/L glucose solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing and standing for 50min, spray drying, and collecting dry particles for later use;
B. taking 150 parts of water, 30 parts of humus, 15 parts of yeast extract and 10 parts of peptone by weight part, uniformly mixing, carrying out sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 1 day, collecting a fermentation mixture, filtering, collecting filtrate, and standing at room temperature for 18 hours;
C. and C, after standing, putting the dried particles prepared in the step A into the filtrate, wherein the adding amount of the dried particles is 30% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, standing at room temperature for 6 hours, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried substances, and mixing the freeze-dried substances with the zein solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, mixing for 10min, freeze-drying again, and collecting the dried product to obtain the biological particles.
A preparation method of a degradable sand-fixing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 3: 1:2, putting peat soil, glucose and water into a container, uniformly mixing, sealing the container at 40 ℃, standing for 20 hours, spray-drying, collecting dried substances, carrying out ball milling, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved particles;
(2) taking 100 parts of toluene, 70 parts of acetone, 50 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 43 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 30 parts of 1, 4-butanediol, 22 parts of L-lactide, 35 parts of sieved particles, 13 parts of triethanolamine, 8 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate and 3 parts of catalyst in parts by weight;
(3) firstly, putting acetone, 1, 4-butanediol, L-lactide and dibutyltin dilaurate into a reactor, using carbon dioxide for protection, heating to 115 ℃, reacting for 16 hours, cooling to room temperature, collecting reaction mixture, recovering acetone, and collecting residues;
(4) putting the residues, toluene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, sieved particles and a catalyst into a reaction kettle, stirring for 3 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, adding triethanolamine, heating to 75 ℃, continuing stirring for 10 hours, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and collecting a discharged material;
(5) filtering the discharged material to recover the catalyst, performing rotary evaporation to recover toluene, collecting rotary residues, and mixing the rotary residues according to a mass ratio of 6: 3: 2, uniformly mixing the rotary residues, the cactus gum and the biological particles to obtain the degradable sand-fixing agent.
The catalyst is selected to be boron carbide.
The cactus gum is prepared by mixing cactus and water at a mass ratio of 1:2, squeezing, collecting the squeezed liquid, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate to 50% of the filtrate volume to obtain cactus gum.
The zein solution is prepared by mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: and 3, mixing the zein with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 85 percent to obtain the zein.
The preparation method of the biological particles comprises the following steps:
A. taking bentonite and hydrochloric acid according to a mass ratio of 1:2, ultrasonic oscillation is carried out for 15min, filtering is carried out, a filter cake is calcined for 1h at 700 ℃, calcined substances are collected, crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, and sieved particles and 0.3mol/L glucose solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing and standing for 50min, spray drying, and collecting dry particles for later use;
B. according to the weight parts, 160 parts of water, 45 parts of humus, 17 parts of yeast extract and 13 parts of peptone are uniformly mixed, are subjected to sealed fermentation at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 3 days, are collected, are filtered, are collected, and are subjected to standing at room temperature for 22 hours;
C. and C, after standing, putting the dried particles prepared in the step A into the filtrate, wherein the adding amount of the dried particles is 40% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, standing at room temperature for 6 hours, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried substances, and mixing the freeze-dried substances with the zein solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, mixing for 10min, freeze-drying again, and collecting the dried product to obtain the biological particles.
A preparation method of a degradable sand-fixing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 3: 1:2, putting peat soil, glucose and water into a container, uniformly mixing, sealing the container at 45 ℃, standing for 20 hours, spray-drying, collecting a dried substance, carrying out ball milling, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved particles;
(2) taking 110 parts of toluene, 80 parts of acetone, 60 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 48 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 35 parts of 1, 4-butanediol, 26 parts of L-lactide, 40 parts of sieved particles, 19 parts of triethanolamine, 11 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate and 6 parts of catalyst in parts by weight;
(3) firstly, putting acetone, 1, 4-butanediol, L-lactide and dibutyltin dilaurate into a reactor, using carbon dioxide for protection, heating to 125 ℃, reacting for 18 hours, cooling to room temperature, collecting reaction mixture, recovering acetone, and collecting residues;
(4) putting the residues, toluene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, sieved particles and a catalyst into a reaction kettle, stirring for 5 hours at 70 ℃, adding triethanolamine, heating to 80 ℃, continuing to stir for 15 hours, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and collecting a discharged material;
(5) filtering the discharged material to recover the catalyst, performing rotary evaporation to recover toluene, collecting rotary residues, and mixing the rotary residues according to a mass ratio of 6: 5: 2, uniformly mixing the rotary residues, the cactus gum and the biological particles to obtain the degradable sand-fixing agent.
The catalyst is selected to be chromium oxide.
The cactus gum is prepared by mixing cactus and water at a mass ratio of 1:2, squeezing, collecting the squeezed liquid, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate to 50% of the filtrate volume to obtain cactus gum.
The zein solution is prepared by mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: and 3, mixing the zein with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 85 percent to obtain the zein.
The preparation method of the biological particles comprises the following steps:
A. taking bentonite and hydrochloric acid according to a mass ratio of 1:2, ultrasonic oscillation is carried out for 15min, filtering is carried out, a filter cake is calcined for 1h at 700 ℃, calcined substances are collected, crushed and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, and sieved particles and 0.3mol/L glucose solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing and standing for 50min, spray drying, and collecting dry particles for later use;
B. taking 155 parts of water, 37.5 parts of humus soil, 16 parts of yeast extract and 11.5 parts of peptone by weight part, uniformly mixing, carrying out sealed fermentation at 33 ℃ for 2 days, collecting a fermentation mixture, filtering, collecting filtrate, and standing at room temperature for 20 hours;
C. and C, after standing, putting the dried particles prepared in the step A into the filtrate, wherein the adding amount is 35% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, standing at room temperature for 6 hours, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried substances, and mixing with the zein solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, mixing for 10min, freeze-drying again, and collecting the dried product to obtain the biological particles.
A preparation method of a degradable sand-fixing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 3: 1:2, putting peat soil, glucose and water into a container, uniformly mixing, sealing the container at 43 ℃, standing for 20 hours, spray-drying, collecting dried substances, carrying out ball milling, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved particles;
(2) according to the weight parts, 105 parts of toluene, 75 parts of acetone, 55 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 45.5 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 32.5 parts of 1, 4-butanediol, 24 parts of L-lactide, 37.5 parts of sieved particles, 16 parts of triethanolamine, 9.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate and 4.5 parts of catalyst are taken;
(3) firstly, putting acetone, 1, 4-butanediol, L-lactide and dibutyltin dilaurate into a reactor, using carbon dioxide for protection, heating to 120 ℃, reacting for 17 hours, cooling to room temperature, collecting reaction mixture, recovering acetone, and collecting residues;
(4) putting the residues, toluene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, sieved particles and a catalyst into a reaction kettle, stirring for 4 hours at 65 ℃, adding triethanolamine, heating to 77 ℃, continuing stirring for 12.5 hours, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and collecting a discharged material;
(5) filtering the discharged material to recover the catalyst, performing rotary evaporation to recover toluene, collecting rotary residues, and mixing the rotary residues according to a mass ratio of 6: 4: 2, uniformly mixing the rotary residues, the cactus gum and the biological particles to obtain the degradable sand-fixing agent.
Comparative example 1 was prepared in essentially the same manner as example 2, except that no cactus gum was present.
Comparative example 2 was prepared in substantially the same manner as example 2 except that the biological particles were absent.
Comparative example 3 sand-fixing agent produced by a company of Shenzhen city.
The sand-fixing agents of the examples and the comparative examples are respectively subjected to wind tunnel experiment and degradation experiment on wind erosion resistance, sand hill sand is filled and flattened in an iron plate model with the size of 31cm multiplied by 21cm multiplied by 4cm, different kinds of sand-fixing agents are diluted into 10 percent of mass concentration by water and are evenly sprayed on the sand plate by a spray gun with the spraying amount of 2kg/m2Wherein the amount sprayed is the mass after dilution; after the air is dried naturally,placing the model sand stabilization samples in an experiment section for a blowing erosion experiment; taking 2kg of a mixture of broad bean shells, broad bean leaves and broad bean stems as a decomposition source, wherein the mass ratio of the shells to the leaves to the stems is 4/2/4, and the water content of the mixture is 63%. The sand-fixing agent is placed in a glass container, 200g of the sand-fixing agent of the invention and the sand-fixing agent of the comparative example are respectively put into a decomposition source, taken out every eight days, dried and weighed, and the result is recorded. The specific test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1:
the data of the embodiments 1 to 3 show that the embodiment 2 is the optimal embodiment, the prepared sand fixing agent has the best comprehensive effect, and compared with the commercial products, the sand fixing agent has excellent performances and is worthy of wide popularization.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a degradable sand-fixing agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 3: 1:2, putting peat soil, glucose and water into a container, uniformly mixing, sealing the container at 40-45 ℃, standing, spray-drying, collecting a dried substance, carrying out ball milling, sieving, and collecting sieved particles;
(2) taking 100-110 parts by weight of toluene, 70-80 parts by weight of acetone, 50-60 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 43-48 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate, 30-35 parts by weight of 1, 4-butanediol, 22-26 parts by weight of L-lactide, 35-40 parts by weight of sieved particles, 13-19 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 8-11 parts by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate and 3-6 parts by weight of catalyst;
(3) firstly, placing acetone, 1, 4-butanediol, L-lactide and dibutyltin dilaurate into a reactor, using carbon dioxide for protection, heating to 115-125 ℃, reacting for 16-18 h, cooling to room temperature, collecting reaction mixture, recovering acetone, and collecting residues;
(4) putting the residues, toluene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, toluene diisocyanate, sieved particles and a catalyst into a reaction kettle, stirring for 3-5 h at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, adding triethanolamine, heating to 75-80 ℃, continuing stirring for 10-15 h, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and collecting discharged materials;
(5) filtering the discharged material to recover the catalyst, performing rotary evaporation to recover toluene, collecting rotary residues, and mixing the rotary residues according to a mass ratio of 6: 3-5: 2, uniformly mixing the rotary residues, the cactus gum and the biological particles to obtain the degradable sand-fixing agent;
the preparation method of the biological particles comprises the following steps:
A. taking bentonite and hydrochloric acid according to a mass ratio of 1:2, ultrasonic oscillation and filtration, calcining the filter cake at 700 ℃, collecting the calcined product, crushing and sieving, mixing the sieved particles with 0.3mol/L glucose solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing, standing, spray drying, and collecting dry particles for later use;
B. taking 150-160 parts of water, 30-45 parts of humus soil, 15-17 parts of yeast extract and 10-13 parts of peptone by weight parts, uniformly mixing, carrying out sealed fermentation for 1-3 days, collecting a fermentation mixture, filtering, collecting filtrate, and standing for 18-22 hours;
C. and C, after standing, putting the dried particles prepared in the step A into the filtrate, wherein the adding amount is 30-40% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, standing, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried substances, and mixing the freeze-dried substances with the zein solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, mixing, freeze-drying again, and collecting the dried substance to obtain the biological particles.
2. The method for preparing the degradable sand-fixing agent according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is any one of chromium oxide and boron carbide.
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