CN108384482A - 一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN108384482A
CN108384482A CN201810447770.9A CN201810447770A CN108384482A CN 108384482 A CN108384482 A CN 108384482A CN 201810447770 A CN201810447770 A CN 201810447770A CN 108384482 A CN108384482 A CN 108384482A
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刘妍
朱业安
陈碧波
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East China Institute of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述高分子防水卷材自上而下依次由紫外线屏蔽层、织物层、胎基层、粘结层和隔离层构成，所述胎基层的上表面与织物层通过硫化的方法粘合在一起，所述胎基层下表面涂覆有粘结层，所述粘结层下面贴有隔离层，所述紫外线屏蔽层涂覆在织物层的上表面。本发明防水卷材为自粘式防水卷材，施工方便；防水卷材所用材料具有非致癌性，降低了对人体的伤害；胎基层采用EPDM橡胶，能有效的保证防水卷材的强度；表面设有紫外线屏蔽层，能降低紫外线对防水卷材的破坏，有利于延长使用寿命；织物层进行了防水浸渍处理和防水涂覆处理，双重防水处理，保证了防水卷材的防水性能。

Description

一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及防水卷材制备领域，尤其是一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺。
背景技术
防水卷材主要用于建筑墙体、屋面等地方，是一种起到抵御外界雨水和防止地下渗漏作用的可卷曲的柔性建筑产品，作为工程基础与建筑物之间无渗漏连接，是整个工程防水的第一道屏障，对整个工程起到至关重要的作用。目前，在建筑行业中大量使用的防水卷材多为改性沥青防水卷材，沥青防水卷材是以原纸、纤维毡等胎体材料浸涂沥青，表面撒布粉状、粒装或片状材料制成可卷曲的片状防水材料，这类防水卷材普遍存在强度低，易破损渗漏的问题；卷材与混凝土墙体之间存在缝隙，易发生“窜水”；沥青防水卷材中的沥青含有多种致癌物质，对人体存在着严重的安全隐患；现有的防水卷材多为非自粘式，施工不方便，施工效率较低。
另外，防水卷材多在户外使用，阳光中的紫外线对防水卷材的破坏作用较大，容易引起严重的建筑工程质量问题并且很难修复，降低防水卷材的使用寿命。为了克服上述这些问题，人们开始对现有的防水卷材进行改进，以提高其防水性能。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中防水卷材施工不方便、施工效率低，防水卷材强度低、易损坏、防水卷材含有多种致癌物质，对人体有危害等缺陷，本发明提供一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述高分子防水卷材自上而下依次由紫外线屏蔽层、织物层、胎基层、粘结层和隔离层构成，所述胎基层的上表面与织物层通过硫化的方法粘合在一起，所述胎基层下表面涂覆有粘结层，所述粘结层下面贴有隔离层，所述紫外线屏蔽层涂覆在织物层的上表面；
所述胎基层按重量百分比包括以下组分：EPDM 100份、炭黑N347 75份、石蜡油50份、滑石粉20份、过氧化二异丙苯2份、HVA-2 1份；
所述胎基层的具体制备方法如下：首先将EPDM加入密炼机中塑炼，然后添加炭黑N347、滑石粉和石蜡油进行混炼，混炼温度为110℃，待混炼均匀后，加入过氧化二异丙苯和HVA-2，继续混炼，待混炼均匀后，利用开炼机压延出胶片，胶片的厚度为1～3mm。
上述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述织物层经过防水处理；
具体的制备方法如下：将防水剂AG-E081溶解在水中，配制成浓度为10g/L防水剂溶液，对织物层进行两浸两轧处理，使轧余率保持在50％～80％，然后在110℃下对防水处理后的织物层进行预烘，预烘时间为3～5min，接着在170℃下焙烘1～3min，得到预防水织物层；然后将水性聚氨酯胶稀释至原浓度的50％，取一定量的硅藻土，加入上述稀释后的水性聚氨酯胶中，搅拌均匀，配制成硅藻土浓度为2％的混合胶，然后将混合胶对预防水织物层进行涂覆，涂覆厚度为1～2mm，最后在50℃下进行烘干处理，得到防水织物层。
上述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述织物层为尼龙或涤纶。
上述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述胎基层上表面与织物层硫化粘合的具体工艺如下：将防水织物层平放于胶片的上方，将胶片放入平板硫化机中进行硫化，硫化温度为160℃，硫化压力为10MPa，硫化时间为30min。
上述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述紫外线屏蔽层的制备方法如下：
所述紫外线屏蔽层按重量百分比包括以下组分：纳米TiO2 3～5份、纳米SiO2 3～5份、分散剂0.02份、白炭黑1.2份、水性聚氨酯胶20份、去离子水100份；
具体制备方法如下：将分散剂溶解在去离子水中，并搅拌均匀，然后将纳米TiO2和纳米SiO2加入去离子中，使用1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8～9，超声分散15～20min，然后再加入水性聚氨酯胶和白炭黑，并搅拌均匀，得到混合液；最后将混合液涂覆在织物层的上方，涂覆厚度为1～5mm，并烘干。
上述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述分散剂为硅酸钠、海藻酸钠、六偏磷酸钠中的一种。
上述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述隔离层采用硅油纸或聚酯膜。
上述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述粘结层为热熔胶。
本发明的有益效果是，本发明防水卷材为自粘式防水卷材，施工方便，有利于提高施工效率；防水卷材所用材料具有非致癌性，降低了对人体的伤害；胎基层采用EPDM橡胶，这种材料具有韧性好、强度高，能有效的保证防水卷材的强度；防水卷材的表面设有紫外线屏蔽层能有效的对阳光中的紫外线进行反射和吸收，降低紫外线对防水卷材的破坏，有利于延长使用寿命；织物层进行了防水浸渍处理和防水涂覆处理，双重防水处理，保证了防水卷材的防水性能。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好的理解本发明的技术方案，下面对本发明作详细说明。
【实施例1】
一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述高分子防水卷材自上而下依次由紫外线屏蔽层、织物层、胎基层、粘结层和隔离层构成，所述胎基层的上表面与织物层通过硫化的方法粘合在一起，所述胎基层下表面涂覆有粘结层，所述粘结层下面贴有隔离层，所述紫外线屏蔽层涂覆在织物层的上表面；
所述胎基层按重量百分比包括以下组分：EPDM 100份、炭黑N347 75份、石蜡油50份、滑石粉20份、过氧化二异丙苯2份、HVA-2 1份；
所述胎基层的具体制备方法如下：首先将EPDM加入密炼机中塑炼，然后添加炭黑N347、滑石粉和石蜡油进行混炼，混炼温度为110℃，待混炼均匀后，加入过氧化二异丙苯和HVA-2，继续混炼，待混炼均匀后，利用开炼机压延出胶片，胶片的厚度为1mm。
进一步的，所述织物层经过防水处理；
具体的制备方法如下：将防水剂AG-E081溶解在水中，配制成浓度为10g/L防水剂溶液，对织物层进行两浸两轧处理，使轧余率保持在50％，然后在110℃下对防水处理后的织物层进行预烘，预烘时间为3min，接着在170℃下焙烘2min，得到预防水织物层；然后将水性聚氨酯胶稀释至原浓度的50％，取一定量的硅藻土，加入上述稀释后的水性聚氨酯胶中，搅拌均匀，配制成硅藻土浓度为2％的混合胶，然后将混合胶对预防水织物层进行涂覆，涂覆厚度为1.5mm，最后在50℃下进行烘干处理，得到防水织物层。
进一步的，所述织物层为尼龙。
进一步的，所述胎基层上表面与织物层硫化粘合的具体工艺如下：将防水织物层平放于胶片的上方，将胶片放入平板硫化机中进行硫化，硫化温度为160℃，硫化压力为10MPa，硫化时间为30min。
进一步的，所述紫外线屏蔽层的制备方法如下：
所述紫外线屏蔽层按重量百分比包括以下组分：纳米TiO2 3份、纳米SiO25份、分散剂0.02份、白炭黑1.2份、水性聚氨酯胶20份、去离子水100份；
具体制备方法如下：将分散剂溶解在去离子水中，并搅拌均匀，然后将纳米TiO2和纳米SiO2加入去离子中，使用1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8，超声分散15min，然后再加入水性聚氨酯胶和白炭黑，并搅拌均匀，得到混合液；最后将混合液涂覆在织物层的上方，涂覆厚度为2mm，并烘干。
进一步的，所述分散剂为硅酸钠。
进一步的，所述隔离层采用硅油纸。
进一步的，所述粘结层为热熔胶。
【实施例2】
一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，所述高分子防水卷材自上而下依次由紫外线屏蔽层、织物层、胎基层、粘结层和隔离层构成，所述胎基层的上表面与织物层通过硫化的方法粘合在一起，所述胎基层下表面涂覆有粘结层，所述粘结层下面贴有隔离层，所述紫外线屏蔽层涂覆在织物层的上表面；
所述胎基层按重量百分比包括以下组分：EPDM 100份、炭黑N347 75份、石蜡油50份、滑石粉20份、过氧化二异丙苯2份、HVA-2 1份；
所述胎基层的具体制备方法如下：首先将EPDM加入密炼机中塑炼，然后添加炭黑N347、滑石粉和石蜡油进行混炼，混炼温度为110℃，待混炼均匀后，加入过氧化二异丙苯和HVA-2，继续混炼，待混炼均匀后，利用开炼机压延出胶片，胶片的厚度为2mm。
进一步的，所述织物层经过防水处理；
具体的制备方法如下：将防水剂AG-E081溶解在水中，配制成浓度为10g/L防水剂溶液，对织物层进行两浸两轧处理，使轧余率保持在80％，然后在110℃下对防水处理后的织物层进行预烘，预烘时间为5min，接着在170℃下焙烘2.5min，得到预防水织物层；然后将水性聚氨酯胶稀释至原浓度的50％，取一定量的硅藻土，加入上述稀释后的水性聚氨酯胶中，搅拌均匀，配制成硅藻土浓度为2％的混合胶，然后将混合胶对预防水织物层进行涂覆，涂覆厚度为2mm，最后在50℃下进行烘干处理，得到防水织物层。
进一步的，所述织物层为涤纶。
进一步的，所述胎基层上表面与织物层硫化粘合的具体工艺如下：将防水织物层平放于胶片的上方，将胶片放入平板硫化机中进行硫化，硫化温度为160℃，硫化压力为10MPa，硫化时间为30min。
进一步的，所述紫外线屏蔽层的制备方法如下：
所述紫外线屏蔽层按重量百分比包括以下组分：纳米TiO2 5份、纳米SiO23份、分散剂0.02份、白炭黑1.2份、水性聚氨酯胶20份、去离子水100份；
具体制备方法如下：将分散剂溶解在去离子水中，并搅拌均匀，然后将纳米TiO2和纳米SiO2加入去离子中，使用1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至9，超声分散20min，然后再加入水性聚氨酯胶和白炭黑，并搅拌均匀，得到混合液；最后将混合液涂覆在织物层的上方，涂覆厚度为3mm，并烘干。
进一步的，所述分散剂为海藻酸钠。
进一步的，所述隔离层采用聚酯膜。
进一步的，所述粘结层为热熔胶。
以上实施例仅为本发明的示例性实施例，不用于限制本发明，本发明的保护范围由权利要求书限定。本领域技术人员可以在本发明的实质和保护范围内，对本发明做出各种修改或等同替换，这种修改或等同替换也应视为落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述高分子防水卷材自上而下依次由紫外线屏蔽层、织物层、胎基层、粘结层和隔离层构成，所述胎基层的上表面与织物层通过硫化的方法粘合在一起，所述胎基层下表面涂覆有粘结层，所述粘结层下面贴有隔离层，所述紫外线屏蔽层涂覆在织物层的上表面；
所述胎基层按重量百分比包括以下组分：EPDM 100份、炭黑N347 75份、石蜡油50份、滑石粉20份、过氧化二异丙苯2份、HVA-2 1份；
所述胎基层的具体制备方法如下：首先将EPDM加入密炼机中塑炼，然后添加炭黑N347、滑石粉和石蜡油进行混炼，混炼温度为110℃，待混炼均匀后，加入过氧化二异丙苯和HVA-2，继续混炼，待混炼均匀后，利用开炼机压延出胶片，胶片的厚度为1～3mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述织物层经过防水处理；
具体的制备方法如下：将防水剂AG-E081溶解在水中，配制成浓度为10g/L防水剂溶液，对织物层进行两浸两轧处理，使轧余率保持在50％～80％，然后在110℃下对防水处理后的织物层进行预烘，预烘时间为3～5min，接着在170℃下焙烘1～3min，得到预防水织物层；然后将水性聚氨酯胶稀释至原浓度的50％，取一定量的硅藻土，加入上述稀释后的水性聚氨酯胶中，搅拌均匀，配制成硅藻土浓度为2％的混合胶，然后将混合胶对预防水织物层进行涂覆，涂覆厚度为1～2mm，最后在50℃下进行烘干处理，得到防水织物层。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述织物层为尼龙或涤纶。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述胎基层上表面与织物层硫化粘合的具体工艺如下：将防水织物层平放于胶片的上方，将胶片放入平板硫化机中进行硫化，硫化温度为160℃，硫化压力为10MPa，硫化时间为30min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述紫外线屏蔽层的制备方法如下：
所述紫外线屏蔽层按重量百分比包括以下组分：纳米TiO2 3～5份、纳米SiO2 3～5份、分散剂0.02份、白炭黑1.2份、水性聚氨酯胶20份、去离子水100份；
具体制备方法如下：将分散剂溶解在去离子水中，并搅拌均匀，然后将纳米TiO2和纳米SiO2加入去离子中，使用1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8～9，超声分散15～20min，然后再加入水性聚氨酯胶和白炭黑，并搅拌均匀，得到混合液；最后将混合液涂覆在织物层的上方，涂覆厚度为1～5mm，并烘干。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述分散剂为硅酸钠、海藻酸钠、六偏磷酸钠中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述隔离层采用硅油纸或聚酯膜。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种屋顶自粘式高分子防水卷材的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述粘结层为热熔胶。
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