CN108383498A - The burning process of large scale Nixing pottery - Google Patents

The burning process of large scale Nixing pottery Download PDF

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CN108383498A
CN108383498A CN201810522915.7A CN201810522915A CN108383498A CN 108383498 A CN108383498 A CN 108383498A CN 201810522915 A CN201810522915 A CN 201810522915A CN 108383498 A CN108383498 A CN 108383498A
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green body
per hour
blank
kiln
nixing pottery
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张科研
韦相贵
黎泉
席红霞
刘浩宇
贾广攀
王宁
孙继旋
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Qinzhou University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/1305—Organic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/443—Nitrates or nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/444—Halide containing anions, e.g. bromide, iodate, chlorite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/448—Sulphates or sulphites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6565—Cooling rate

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
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  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of burning process of large scale Nixing pottery, including prepare blank, blank molding, finishing green body, body drying, green body firing, and the blank is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：6~4 parts of eastern mud, 4~6 parts of western mud, 0.001~0.004 part of tartaric acid, 0.01~0.04 part of mantoquita.The present invention adds tartaric acid and mantoquita in blank, can greatly improve the flexibility of green body, can effectively absorb the broken base stress of generation of the green body in sintering procedure, green body is avoided to hardening crack, especially effective to large-scale green body.

Description

The burning process of large scale Nixing pottery
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation methods of pottery, and in particular to a kind of burning process of large scale Nixing pottery.
Background technology
Qiezhou Nixing pottery, scientific name are that purple mud is made pottery, and make pottery with Jiangsu purple sand ceramics, Yunnan Jian Shui potteries, Chongqing Rongchang County and claim China four Big name pottery.Nixing pottery is a wonderful work in Chinese national culture art, has very long manufacture craft, great culture to receive Hide value, it may have very strong practicability.Blank used in Nixing pottery is finely free from foreign meter, and manufactured pottery kitchenware stomatal frequency is suitable In, the fresh-keeping effect of drink can be played.Meanwhile the additives such as any preservative are not added in Nixing pottery preparation process, finished product is not Containing any toxic component, used as kitchenware, it is very healthy and safe.Nixing pottery vessel are divided into large-scale vessel (directly by vessel model Diameter and/or height >=40cm and be less than 100cm) and small-sized vessel (diameter and the equal ＜ 40cm of height).No matter Nixing pottery vessel are big Small, manufacture craft all, including prepares blank, blank molding, finishing blank, body drying, green body decoration, green body firing With polishing grinding process.Wherein, green body firing is the critical process in Nixing pottery manufacturing process, is related to the firing rate of finished product. Large-scale vessel are since part is big, wall thickness, and firing rate is generally relatively low, with the diameter of type or the continuous increase of height, firing Rate drastically declines.Nixing pottery is made of eastern mud and western mud, and eastern mud is the white clay of Jiang Yidong by the emperor himself, and the substance for including mainly is quartz, Clay minerals are mainly montmorillonite, in addition also contain a small amount of kaolin.According to the differential thermal curve of the montmorillonite of pertinent literature It is found that the dehydration temperature of Interlayer Water of Montmorillonite between 100~300 DEG C, forms strong heat absorption paddy.The dehydration of thermogravimetric analysis is bent Line is mainly there are two ladder, and first ladder is happened at 100 DEG C or so, a large amount of intermediary water depigmentation results.With temperature rise, until 500 DEG C of curves skyrocket relatively suddenly, become the second ladder, until 800 DEG C of tiled configuration water lose to the greatest extent.Western mud is red mud, principal crystalline phase It is also quartz, in addition also contains a small amount of bloodstone and muscovite, clay minerals matter is mainly the irony chlorite of well-crystallized With a small amount of montmorillonite.Daphnite differential thermal analysis at 105 DEG C, 605 DEG C, 820 DEG C it is found that have the small endothermic reaction.So The dehydration of montmorillonite is to lead to the basic immanent cause of Nixing pottery blank cracking.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of burning process of large scale Nixing pottery.
Technical solution provided by the invention is a kind of burning process of large scale Nixing pottery, including prepare blank, blank at Type, finishing green body, body drying, green body are fired, and the blank is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：6~4 parts of eastern mud, west 4~6 parts of mud, 0.001~0.004 part of tartaric acid, 0.01~0.04 part of mantoquita.
The carboxyl of tartaric acid takes the coordination mode of monodentate, chelating with copper ion, constitutes two-dimensional wave layer structure, Two-dimensional corrugated layer is further through the three-dimensional structure that constitutes of Hyarogen-bonding, the layer structure of tartaric acid and montmorillonite It is mutually interspersed to interlock.Again since tartaric acid has multiple coordination sites, it can rotate freely, can be inhaled during blank sintering It receives the broken base stress that strong dewatering bands come and improves the firing rate of green body to avoid blank sintering from cracking.
The mantoquita is CuCl2、Cu(NO3)2Or CuSO4。
The parts by weight of each raw material are：6 parts of eastern mud, 4 parts of western mud, 0.001~0.004 part of tartaric acid, mantoquita 0.01~0.04 Part.
Large-scale vessel green body is put into kiln by the green body firing, first to increase 80~130 DEG C of heating speed per hour Kiln in-furnace temperature is risen to 450~550 DEG C by degree, then it is warming up to 1150 to increase 140~180 DEG C of heating rate per hour~ 1200 DEG C, and after keeping the temperature 1~2h of firing, stop heating, after cooling kiln discharge.
The cooling is that kiln in-furnace temperature is first down to 800~850 with the cooling rate for reducing by 140~180 DEG C per hour DEG C, then 400~450 DEG C are down to reduce by 80~130 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, finally to reduce by 140~180 DEG C per hour Cooling rate be down to room temperature.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adds tartaric acid and mantoquita in blank, can greatly improve the flexible of green body Property, the broken base stress of generation of the green body in sintering procedure can be effectively absorbed, green body is avoided to hardening crack, is particularly had to large-scale green body Effect.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further elaborated for following specific examples, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1) by eastern mud (crossing Qiezhou to admire the soil of Jiang Yidong, be mild-clay, color is yellow-white, contains micro quartz sand) 6t and western mud (soil for the Jiang Yixi that admires is hard paste, and color is aubergine, and surface colour has a small amount of irony to disseminate, iron-holder compared with High purple mudstone) 4t, tartaric acid 0.001t and CuCl20.01t is mixed, ground, and blank is made, through blank system in the techniques such as dehydration At vase green body 100 (maximum gauge 60cm, high 100cm), finishing green body, body drying to moisture content≤2%；
2) vase green body is put into kiln, is first risen to kiln in-furnace temperature with the heating rate for increasing 80 DEG C per hour 450 DEG C, then 1150 DEG C are warming up to increase 140 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature and firing 1h, stop heating；
3) kiln in-furnace temperature is down to 800 DEG C with the cooling rate for reducing by 140 DEG C per hour, then to reduce by 80 DEG C per hour Cooling rate be down to 400 DEG C, be finally down to room temperature to reduce by 140 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, kiln discharge obtains Nixing pottery flower Bottle.
Through statistics, it is burnt into 96.
Reference examples 1
1) by eastern mud (crossing Qiezhou to admire the soil of Jiang Yidong, be mild-clay, color is yellow-white, contains micro quartz sand) 6t and western mud (soil for the Jiang Yixi that admires is hard paste, and color is aubergine, and surface colour has a small amount of irony to disseminate, iron-holder compared with High purple mudstone) 4t mixing, ground, the techniques such as dehydration are made blank, 100 (maximum gauges of vase green body are made through blank 60cm, high 100cm), finishing green body, body drying to moisture content≤2%；
2) vase green body is put into kiln, is first risen to kiln in-furnace temperature with the heating rate for increasing 80 DEG C per hour 450 DEG C, then 1150 DEG C are warming up to increase 140 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature and firing 1h, stop heating；
3) kiln in-furnace temperature is down to 800 DEG C with the cooling rate for reducing by 140 DEG C per hour, then to reduce by 80 DEG C per hour Cooling rate be down to 400 DEG C, be finally down to room temperature to reduce by 140 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, kiln discharge obtains Nixing pottery flower Bottle.
Through statistics, it is burnt into 40.
Reference examples 2
1) by eastern mud (crossing Qiezhou to admire the soil of Jiang Yidong, be mild-clay, color is yellow-white, contains micro quartz sand) 6t and western mud (soil for the Jiang Yixi that admires is hard paste, and color is aubergine, and surface colour has a small amount of irony to disseminate, iron-holder compared with High purple mudstone) 4t, tartaric acid 0.011t mixing, ground, the techniques such as dehydration are made blank, vase green body are made through blank 100 (maximum gauge 60cm, high 100cm), finishing green body, body drying to moisture content≤2%；
2) vase green body is put into kiln, is first risen to kiln in-furnace temperature with the heating rate for increasing 80 DEG C per hour 450 DEG C, then 1150 DEG C are warming up to increase 140 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature and firing 1h, stop heating；
3) kiln in-furnace temperature is down to 800 DEG C with the cooling rate for reducing by 140 DEG C per hour, then to reduce by 80 DEG C per hour Cooling rate be down to 400 DEG C, be finally down to room temperature to reduce by 140 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, kiln discharge obtains Nixing pottery flower Bottle.
Through statistics, it is burnt into 47.
Reference examples 3
1) by eastern mud (crossing Qiezhou to admire the soil of Jiang Yidong, be mild-clay, color is yellow-white, contains micro quartz sand) 6t and western mud (soil for the Jiang Yixi that admires is hard paste, and color is aubergine, and surface colour has a small amount of irony to disseminate, iron-holder compared with High purple mudstone) 4t, CuCl20.011t is mixed, ground, and the techniques such as dehydration are made blank, vase green body 100 is made through blank A (maximum gauge 60cm, high 100cm), finishing green body, body drying to moisture content≤2%；
2) vase green body is put into kiln, is first risen to kiln in-furnace temperature with the heating rate for increasing 80 DEG C per hour 450 DEG C, then 1150 DEG C are warming up to increase 140 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature and firing 1h, stop heating；
3) kiln in-furnace temperature is down to 800 DEG C with the cooling rate for reducing by 140 DEG C per hour, then to reduce by 80 DEG C per hour Cooling rate be down to 400 DEG C, be finally down to room temperature to reduce by 140 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, kiln discharge obtains Nixing pottery flower Bottle.
Through statistics, it is burnt into 44.
Embodiment 2
1) by eastern mud (crossing Qiezhou to admire the soil of Jiang Yidong, be mild-clay, color is yellow-white, contains micro quartz sand) 4t and western mud (soil for the Jiang Yixi that admires is hard paste, and color is aubergine, and surface colour has a small amount of irony to disseminate, iron-holder compared with High purple mudstone) 6t, tartaric acid 0.004t and Cu (NO3)20.04t is mixed, ground, and blank is made, through blank in the techniques such as dehydration Vase green body 100 (maximum gauge 60cm, high 100cm), finishing green body, body drying to moisture content≤2% is made；
2) vase green body is put into kiln, is first risen to kiln in-furnace temperature with the heating rate for increasing 130 DEG C per hour 550 DEG C, then 1200 DEG C are warming up to increase 180 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature and firing 2h, stop heating；
3) kiln in-furnace temperature is down to 850 DEG C with the cooling rate for reducing by 180 DEG C per hour, then to reduce by 130 per hour DEG C cooling rate be down to 450 DEG C, be finally down to room temperature to reduce by 180 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, kiln discharge obtains Nixing pottery Vase.
Through statistics, it is burnt into 90.
Embodiment 3
1) by eastern mud (crossing Qiezhou to admire the soil of Jiang Yidong, be mild-clay, color is yellow-white, contains micro quartz sand) 5t and western mud (soil for the Jiang Yixi that admires is hard paste, and color is aubergine, and surface colour has a small amount of irony to disseminate, iron-holder compared with High purple mudstone) 5t, tartaric acid 0.002t and CuSO40.02t is mixed, ground, and the techniques such as dehydration are made blank, are spent through blank Bottle base body (maximum gauge 60cm, high 100cm), finishing green body, body drying to moisture content≤2%；
2) vase green body is put into kiln, is first risen to kiln in-furnace temperature with the heating rate for increasing 100 DEG C per hour 500 DEG C, then 1180 DEG C are warming up to increase 160 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature and firing 1.5h, stop heating；
3) kiln in-furnace temperature is down to 825 DEG C with the cooling rate for reducing by 160 DEG C per hour, then to reduce by 100 per hour DEG C cooling rate be down to 420 DEG C, be finally down to room temperature to reduce by 160 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, kiln discharge obtains Nixing pottery Vase.
Through statistics, it is burnt into 95.
Embodiment 4
1) by eastern mud (crossing Qiezhou to admire the soil of Jiang Yidong, be mild-clay, color is yellow-white, contains micro quartz sand) 6t and western mud (soil for the Jiang Yixi that admires is hard paste, and color is aubergine, and surface colour has a small amount of irony to disseminate, iron-holder compared with High purple mudstone) 4t, tartaric acid 0.001t and CuCl2, 0.04t mixing, it is ground, dehydration etc. techniques blank is made, through blank Vase green body (maximum gauge 60cm, high 100cm), finishing green body, body drying to moisture content≤2%；
2) vase green body is put into kiln, is first risen to kiln in-furnace temperature with the heating rate for increasing 130 DEG C per hour 450 DEG C, then 1150 DEG C are warming up to increase 180 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature and firing 2h, stop heating；
3) kiln in-furnace temperature is down to 850 DEG C with the cooling rate for reducing by 140 DEG C per hour, then to reduce by 80 DEG C per hour Cooling rate be down to 450 DEG C, be finally down to room temperature to reduce by 140 DEG C of cooling rate per hour, kiln discharge obtains Nixing pottery flower Bottle.Through statistics, it is burnt into 97.

Claims (5)

1. the burning process of large scale Nixing pottery, including prepare blank, blank molding, finishing green body, body drying, green body burning System, it is characterised in that：The blank is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：6~4 parts of eastern mud, 4~6 parts of western mud, tartaric acid 0.001~0.004 part, 0.01~0.04 part of mantoquita.
2. the burning process of large scale Nixing pottery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The parts by weight of each raw material are： 6 parts of eastern mud, 4 parts of western mud, 0.001~0.004 part of tartaric acid, 0.01~0.04 part of mantoquita.
3. the burning process of large scale Nixing pottery according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The mantoquita is CuCl2、 Cu(NO3)2Or CuSO4。
4. the burning process of large scale Nixing pottery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The green body firing will be large-scale Vessel green body is put into kiln, and kiln in-furnace temperature is first risen to 450~550 with the heating rate for increasing 80~130 DEG C per hour DEG C, then 1150~1200 DEG C are warming up to increase 140~180 DEG C of heating rate per hour, and after keeping the temperature 1~2h of firing, stopped It only heats, after cooling kiln discharge.
5. the burning process of large scale Nixing pottery according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The cooling is first with every small When reduce by 140~180 DEG C of cooling rate kiln in-furnace temperature be down to 800~850 DEG C, then to reduce by 80~130 DEG C per hour Cooling rate be down to 400~450 DEG C, room temperature is finally down to the cooling rate for reducing by 140~180 DEG C per hour.
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Application publication date: 20180810