CN108376638A - A kind of thorium tungsten electrode and the method in its surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer - Google Patents
A kind of thorium tungsten electrode and the method in its surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108376638A CN108376638A CN201810099411.9A CN201810099411A CN108376638A CN 108376638 A CN108376638 A CN 108376638A CN 201810099411 A CN201810099411 A CN 201810099411A CN 108376638 A CN108376638 A CN 108376638A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbide layer
- ditungsten carbide
- tungsten electrode
- thorium tungsten
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- WLTSUBTXQJEURO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Th] WLTSUBTXQJEURO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005088 metallography Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001264 Th alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of thorium tungsten electrode and the method in its surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, the present invention relates to one kind in osmosis process, to provide the electrode that a kind of band is uniform, structure is in loose sub-layers shape, the increased ditungsten carbide layer of thickness, the present invention provides a kind of methods of thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, coating solution is made with butyl acetate, ethyl cellulose and graphite powder to coat several times, structure is obtained after using any special measures to dry as loose sub-layers shape, ditungsten carbide layer of the thickness at 60 80 μm.The beneficial effects of the present invention are：（1）Coating solution is safe and non-toxic, makes simple；（2）Carburizing is simple to operate；（3）Heating time is short；（4）The carburizing composition of layer of making is ditungsten carbide；（5）Using uniformly about 60 80 μm of metallography microscope sem observation carburized layer thickness, structure is loose sub-layers shape, which is conducive to the migration of emitting material, improves service life and the performance of fluorescent tube.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind in osmosis process, and in particular to a kind of thorium tungsten electrode and in its surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer
Method.
Background technology
Tungsten because of excellent electric conductivity, high rigidity and dystectic characteristic, be widely used in military project, electronics, illumination and
Processing and other fields.0.4%~4.2% thorium oxide (ThO is added in tungsten2) formed tungsten thorium alloy, have very high thermionic emission
Ability can be used as electron tube hot cathode and argon arc welding electrode etc..In lighting area, tungsten is chiefly used in electrode material, such as high
The cathode and anode of short arc discharge lamp are pressed, the thorium tungsten alloy of 2% thorium oxide is generally added in the cathode of short arc discharge lamp, but aoxidizes
Thorium gradually uses up reduction during fluorescent tube use, and the light efficiency of fluorescent tube can be caused to continuously decrease, and the exhaustion of emitting material can also be led
The problems such as causing stroboscopic, the arc that floats, self-extinguishment, but this can be effectively relieved in thoriated-tungsten cathode surface one layer of ditungsten carbide of infiltration and asks
Topic, can be all unsatisfactory in terms of the ingredient of carburized layer, structure, uniformity and thickness in the prior art, affects the use of electrode
Effect.
Invention content
Mentioned above to overcome the problems, such as, the present invention provides a kind of new thorium tungsten electrode and in its surface penetration ditungsten carbide
The method of layer.
Technical solution provided by the invention is as follows：
A kind of thorium tungsten electrode, the thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration have ditungsten carbide layer, and the ditungsten carbide layer structure is thin
Loose sub-layers shape, thickness is at 60-80 μm.
A method of in thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, the method includes following step：
（1）Prepare coating solution：It is by weight ratio（5-7）：（0.3-0.6）：（0.6-0.9）Butyl acetate, ethyl cellulose
It is uniformly mixed with graphite powder；
（2）After cleaning thorium tungsten electrode surface, coating step（1）In solution, be divided into 3-4 coating, each coating thickness is
0.3-0.4mm, coat every time it is to be dried after carry out coating next time again so that the overall thickness finally coated is 1-1.2mm；Point
Repeatedly to coat so that coat is more uniform, in conjunction with it is more preferable.
（3）By step（2）The electrode that middle coating and drying finish is placed in high frequency copper band, protective cover is covered, in carburizer
It is interior that 1700-1900 DEG C is slowly warming up under vacuum condition, then into carburizer flowing injection argon gas cooling, hold time for
25-30min；It is then shut off high-frequency heating, continues to be cooled down with argon gas；
（4）Electrode is taken out, infiltration ditungsten carbide layer finishes.
Preferably, step（3）In be slowly warming up to 1700-1900 DEG C under the conditions of 0.1Pa.
Preferably, step（3）Continue to be cooled to electrode surface temperature with argon gas after middle closing high-frequency heating to be 150 DEG C.
Coat starts to discharge graphite powder at 1000 DEG C or more, and graphite powder is reacted with tungsten at high temperature, and formation is uniformly oozed
Carbon-coating.The structure and ingredient of carburized layer and heating temperature, heating rate and when with substantial connection, high frequency copper band has heating fast
The uniform feature of speed, directly heated in a few minutes electrode to the ditungsten carbide of the loose sub-layers shape of generation reaction required temperature
（1700-1900℃）, the tungsten carbide as by-product is then almost without generation.
Optimization carburization process provided by the invention, operating method is simple, can be realized into one under conditions of ensureing production capacity
It walks prolonging lamp tube service life and improves performance, and be loose thin in short arc discharge lamp cathode surface one composition of layer of infiltration stabilization, structure
The target for the ditungsten carbide that stratiform, uniformity are excellent and thickness is at 60-80 μm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：（1）Coating solution is safe and non-toxic, makes simply, does not pollute the environment；（2）It oozes
Carbon is simple to operate, it is only necessary to which a heating equipment can be realized；（3）Heating time is short, and whole process can be controlled 1
It is completed within 30 points of hour；（4）The carburizing composition of layer of making is ditungsten carbide, is generated almost without tungsten carbide；（5）Using gold
It is about 60-80 μm that phase microscope, which observes carburized layer thickness uniformly, and structure is loose sub-layers shape, which is conducive to emitting material
Migration, improves service life and the performance of fluorescent tube.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure figure with carburized layer structure electrode that the prior art obtains；
Fig. 2 is the structure figure with carburized layer structure electrode prepared using method provided by the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, this method include following step：
Step（One）：Coating solution is made with butyl acetate, ethyl cellulose and graphite powder, it is for use to be put into vial, wherein second
Acid butyl ester 5-7g, ethyl cellulose 0.3-0.6g, graphite powder 0.6-0.9g.
Step（Two）：By the clean uniform coating step in thoriated-tungsten cathode surface（One）In solution, the number of plies be 3-4 layer, divide
It is relatively uniform at smearing several times, it is about 0.3-0.4mm per layer thickness, coating finishes etc. it and done every time is applied next time again
It covers, total coating thickness is about 1-1.2mm, and it is for use to be then placed in drying box；
Step（Three）：The thoriated-tungsten cathode of coating graphite powder after drying is put into fixture（Fixture is that pure tungsten material makes）Interior peace
It installs, is put into inside high frequency copper band, covers protective cover, about 1700-1900 DEG C is slowly warming up to below vacuum 0.1Pa conditions,
Duration 55 minutes；Argon gas cooling is then persistently injected in carburizer（Gas port air inlet, gas outlet while outlet）, and keep stove
Interior 1atm air pressures continue heating 27 minutes；High-frequency heating is finally closed, is about 150 DEG C with argon gas cooling electrode to surface temperature,
Duration 40 minutes.
Step（Four）：Electrode after carburizing is taken out out of fixture, electrode surface uniformly generates ditungsten carbide layer, can
Directly dress lamp uses.
Using metallography microscope sem observation, figure it is seen that ditungsten carbide layer thickness is uniform, and thickness reaches 79.762
μm, structure is loose sub-layers shape, which is conducive to the migration of emitting material, improves service life and the performance of fluorescent tube.
Ditungsten carbide layer prepared by traditional method, such as Fig. 1, thickness between 23.64879 μm to 28.60386 μm,
The ditungsten carbide layer that significantly thinner than prepared by this case is unfavorable for the migration of emitting material moreover, the structure in Fig. 1 is compact massive.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, this method include following step：
Step（One）：Coating solution is made with butyl acetate, ethyl cellulose and graphite powder, it is for use to be put into vial, wherein second
Acid butyl ester 6g, ethyl cellulose 0.5g, graphite powder 0.8g.
Step（Two）：By the clean uniform coating step in thoriated-tungsten cathode surface（One）In solution, the number of plies be 3 layers, be divided into 3
It is applied next time again after its room temperature such as secondary smearing is relatively uniform, is about 0.3-0.4mm per layer thickness, and each coating finishes is dry
It covers, total coating thickness is about 1-1.2mm, and it is for use to be then placed in drying box；
Step（Three）：The thoriated-tungsten cathode of coating graphite powder after drying is put into fixture（Fixture is that pure tungsten material makes）Interior peace
It installs, is put into high frequency copper band, covers protective cover, be slowly warming up to about 1700-1900 DEG C below vacuum 0.1Pa conditions, when
It is 55 minutes long；Argon gas cooling is then persistently injected in carburizer（Gas port air inlet, gas outlet while outlet）, and keep in stove
1atm air pressures continue heating 28 minutes；It is then shut off high-frequency heating, is about 150 DEG C with argon gas cooling electrode to surface temperature, when
It is 40 minutes long.
Step（Four）：Electrode after carburizing is taken out out of fixture, electrode surface uniformly generates ditungsten carbide layer, can
Directly dress lamp uses.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of thorium tungsten electrode, which is characterized in that the thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration has ditungsten carbide layer, the carbonization two
Tungsten layer structure is loose sub-layers shape, and thickness is at 60-80 μm.
2. a method of in thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, which is characterized in that the method includes following
Step：
（1）Prepare coating solution：It is by weight ratio（5-7）：（0.3-0.6）：（0.6-0.9）Butyl acetate, ethyl cellulose
It is uniformly mixed with graphite powder；
（2）After cleaning thorium tungsten electrode surface, coating step（1）In solution, be divided into multiple coating, each coating thickness is 0.3-
0.4mm, coat every time it is to be dried after carry out coating next time again so that the overall thickness finally coated is 1-1.2mm；
（3）By step（2）The middle coating and dry electrode finished is placed in high frequency copper band, covers protective cover, in carburizer in
1700-1900 DEG C is slowly warming up under vacuum condition, the then flowing injection argon gas cooling into carburizer is held time as 25-
30min；It is then shut off high-frequency heating, continues to be cooled down with argon gas；
（4）Electrode is taken out, infiltration ditungsten carbide layer finishes.
3. as claimed in claim 2 in the method for thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, which is characterized in that step（3）
In be slowly warming up to 1700-1900 DEG C under the conditions of 0.1Pa.
4. as claimed in claim 2 in the method for thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, which is characterized in that step（3）
Continue to be cooled to electrode surface temperature with argon gas after middle closing high-frequency heating to be 150 DEG C.
5. as claimed in claim 2 in the method for thorium tungsten electrode surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer, which is characterized in that step（2）
Middle coating number is 3-4 times.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810099411.9A CN108376638B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | kinds of thorium tungsten electrodes and method for permeating ditungsten carbide layer on surfaces of thorium tungsten electrodes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810099411.9A CN108376638B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | kinds of thorium tungsten electrodes and method for permeating ditungsten carbide layer on surfaces of thorium tungsten electrodes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108376638A true CN108376638A (en) | 2018-08-07 |
| CN108376638B CN108376638B (en) | 2020-01-31 |
Family
ID=63017053
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810099411.9A Active CN108376638B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | kinds of thorium tungsten electrodes and method for permeating ditungsten carbide layer on surfaces of thorium tungsten electrodes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108376638B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1240235A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2000-01-05 | 北京工业大学 | Electron valve cathode material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2017113382A1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | 深圳凯世光研股份有限公司 | Carburising treatment process for thorium-tungsten electrode |
-
2018
- 2018-02-01 CN CN201810099411.9A patent/CN108376638B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1240235A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2000-01-05 | 北京工业大学 | Electron valve cathode material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2017113382A1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | 深圳凯世光研股份有限公司 | Carburising treatment process for thorium-tungsten electrode |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴万祥: "钍-钨阴极材料碳化工艺研究", 《应用科技》 * |
| 康惠民: "钍钨阴极低温碳化的实验研究", 《电子管技术》 * |
| 杨辉: "2M219磁控管抽真空新工艺研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 信息科技辑》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108376638B (en) | 2020-01-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2003043046A1 (en) | Carbon nanotube coated anode | |
| CN108807840A (en) | The method that heat treatment process prepares carbon silicium cathode material | |
| CN105702542A (en) | Rhenium doped tungsten-based alloy cathode and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108376638A (en) | A kind of thorium tungsten electrode and the method in its surface penetration ditungsten carbide layer | |
| CN109065424B (en) | Preparation method of rhenium-impregnated scandium-tungsten-based alloy cathode | |
| CN107342403B (en) | Nano material and its preparation method and application containing silicon nitride | |
| CN105304436B (en) | Directly heated cathode and preparation method thereof | |
| US3243636A (en) | Rotary anode for X-ray tubes | |
| CN109065422B (en) | Preparation method of directly-heated high-temperature tungsten-rhenium alloy cathode | |
| CN108085651A (en) | A kind of secondary laminated film of resistance to beam bombardment and preparation method thereof | |
| JP3915628B2 (en) | Aluminum nitride sprayed film and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN107068517A (en) | A kind of magnetron matches somebody with somebody the production method for applying mechanically cold cathode and cold cathode head | |
| JP2006278103A (en) | Manufacturing method of coating getter film for electron tube | |
| Chou et al. | Bulb-shaped field emission lamps using carbon nano-coil cathodes | |
| CN210261963U (en) | High-temperature vacuum evaporation ionization coating device | |
| JPH03146489A (en) | Coated filament for use in composite material | |
| CN104018135B (en) | A kind of method for short arc high pressure gas-discharge lamp anode surface roughening | |
| Pu et al. | Helical-Cathode Bulb-Shaped Field Emission Lamps Using Carbon Nanocoil Electron Emitters | |
| US2600112A (en) | Electron emitter | |
| RU2069915C1 (en) | Process of manufacture of secondary emission cathode | |
| CN109935505A (en) | A kind of preparation method of low temperature high current density oxide-coated cathode containing scandium | |
| JPS60177528A (en) | Tantalum filament excellent in durability and its manufacture | |
| CN110676137B (en) | Preparation method of cathode for magnetron | |
| JPH05205696A (en) | Electrode for discharge lamp and manufacture of the same | |
| CN108231532A (en) | A kind of deep ultraviolet light source of electron-beam excitation fluorescent powder |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: The invention relates to a thorium tungsten electrode and a method for penetrating a tungsten carbide layer on its surface Effective date of registration: 20210517 Granted publication date: 20200131 Pledgee: Bank of Jiangsu Limited by Share Ltd. Shenzhen branch Pledgor: CAIZ OPTRONICS Corp. Registration number: Y2021980003668 |
|
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Date of cancellation: 20220513 Granted publication date: 20200131 Pledgee: Bank of Jiangsu Limited by Share Ltd. Shenzhen branch Pledgor: CAIZ OPTRONICS Corp. Registration number: Y2021980003668 |
|
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: Thorium tungsten electrode and method for penetrating tungsten carbide layer on its surface Effective date of registration: 20220517 Granted publication date: 20200131 Pledgee: Bank of Jiangsu Limited by Share Ltd. Shenzhen branch Pledgor: CAIZ OPTRONICS Corp. Registration number: Y2022980005703 |
|
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PP01 | Preservation of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20231205 Granted publication date: 20200131 |
|
| PP01 | Preservation of patent right |