CN1083747C - 刀具的夹头 - Google Patents

刀具的夹头 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1083747C
CN1083747C CN98118653A CN98118653A CN1083747C CN 1083747 C CN1083747 C CN 1083747C CN 98118653 A CN98118653 A CN 98118653A CN 98118653 A CN98118653 A CN 98118653A CN 1083747 C CN1083747 C CN 1083747C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
chuck
main body
jaw
nut
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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CN98118653A
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English (en)
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CN1214982A (zh
Inventor
斯提芬·W·斯提丁斯
克里斯托弗·B·巴顿
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Power Tool Holders Inc
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Power Tool Holders Inc
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Publication of CN1214982A publication Critical patent/CN1214982A/zh
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Publication of CN1083747C publication Critical patent/CN1083747C/zh
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02Chucks
    • B23B31/10Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/1207Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving obliquely to the axis of the chuck in a plane containing this axis
    • B23B31/1238Jaws movement actuated by a nut with conical screw-thread
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2222/00Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23B2222/64Nickel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2222/00Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23B2222/98Zinc
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/10Coatings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2231/00Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
    • B23B2231/38Keyless chucks for hand tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2231/00Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
    • B23B2231/44Nose pieces
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10S279/902Keyless type socket
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17Socket type
    • Y10T279/17615Obliquely guided reciprocating jaws
    • Y10T279/17623Threaded sleeve and jaw
    • Y10T279/17632Conical sleeve

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Abstract

一种与手动或动力驱动器一起使用的夹头,包括一个螺母,可转动地装在夹头主体上并与夹头的夹爪接合。夹头包括独立的抗摩擦轴的组件,设在所述的螺母和止推环之间,还有一个圆柱形前套筒,与螺母成驱动接合,并与夹头主体的前部搭接,使得当前套筒相对主体转动时,夹爪可相应活动。夹头还包括一个防锈的装饰套管。

Description

刀具的夹头
本发明涉及与钻头或与电动或气动动力驱动器一起使用的夹头。更具体地,本发明涉及一种无钥匙型的夹头,它可以用手或驱动马达的致动来紧松。
手动、电动或气动的刀具驱动器是已知的。虽然麻花钻是与这种驱动器一起使用的最常用的刀具,但这类刀具也包括螺丝改锥、螺母驱动器,磨盘,安装的磨石和其它切削或磨削刀具。由于刀具具有变化直径的柄部或者刀具柄可以是多边形的,装置通常设有可在宽范围内调节的夹头。夹头可通过螺纹孔或锥孔与驱动器连接。
现有技术已发展了多种夹头。在最简单的夹头形式中,三个在圆周上相互间隔约120°的夹爪约束在夹头主体内斜向设置的通道中,主体连接到驱动轴上,其结构使得主体相对与夹爪接合的并受约束的螺母沿一个方向的转动会强制夹爪与刀具的圆柱柄成夹紧关系,而沿相反方向的转动,会使这种夹紧放松。如果用手转动,夹头可以是无钥匙型的。这种夹头的一个实例公开在总的转让给本受让人的发明名称为“非冲击无钥匙夹头”的美国专利US No.5125673,该专利结合作为本申请的对比文件。
但是,上述的这类现有技术的刀具的夹头在装配时主体的前部有暴露区域,如果该区域没有经处理则易锈,使外观质量变差。
本发明的目的是解决现有技术的上述问题,提供一种刀具夹头,其装配后主体的前部暴露区是一个防锈套管,这样能保持好的外观,也不需要对整个主体涂漆。同时这种套管还能防止前套筒从主体中脱出。
下面详细说明本发明的其它目的、特点及方面。
参照附图在说明书的下面部分详细说明本发明及对本专业技术人员最佳的实施方式,附图中:
图1是按照本发明一个实施例的夹头的局部剖视的纵向立面图;
图2是图1中示出的夹头主体的分解透视图;
本发明中同样的特点或元件在说明书及附图中用同样的标号标出。
本专业技术人员会明白下面的说明仅仅是对举例的实施例的说明,而不是用来限制本发明的范围,该范围具体体现在举例的结构中。
参见图1和2,示出按照本发明的一个夹头10。夹头10包括一个前套筒件12,一个选择的后套筒件14,一个主体16和夹爪18。主体16是圆筒形的,包括一前部20及一后部22。在主体16的前部20中设有一轴向孔24。轴向孔24比夹头要夹装的最大刀具柄还大一些。在主体16的后部中设有螺纹孔26,具有标准尺寸可与动力或手动驱动器(未示出)的驱动轴配合。在主体16的中部区28,孔24,26相通。虽然孔26示出是一个螺纹孔,但也可以是可与锥形驱动轴配合的标准尺寸的锥形孔。
主体16中设有通道30用于容放各夹爪18。最好,使用三个夹爪18,各夹爪18与相邻的夹爪隔开约120°的弧度。通道30和夹爪18的轴线与夹头的轴线斜交,并且在夹头主体16前方的一个公共点与夹头轴线相交。各夹爪18有一与主体16的轴线平行的刀具接合面32,而在相对的外表面具有螺纹34,任何合适类型及螺距的螺纹可用在本发明的范围,本专业技术人员都很容易明白这一点。
如图1,2所示,主体16包括一个止推环件36,在一最佳实施例中,它是与主体成整体的。止推环件36包括一个止推面38。止推面38包括一弧形支座面40,用来与独立的抗摩擦轴承组件42的内座圈相啮合(下面还要详细说明)。止推环件36包括多个夹爪导向的槽30,设在绕着周边以便允许夹爪18缩回穿过。
主体16包括带滚花表面46的后圆柱部分44用来在需要时可把选择的后套筒14压在上面。主体16还包括从后圆柱部分44延伸到止推环36的第一锥形部分48。一个第二锥形部分50从止推面38的区域延伸到前圆柱部分52。前圆柱部分52具有比第二锥形部分50的小端大的直径,并设有第一环形槽54在主体16前部20和后部22之间。主体16还包括一个小直径的前部56,可用来放上防锈套管58(下面要详细说明)。
本发明还包括一个螺母60,在一个最佳实施例中,它是一个整体螺母,和包括螺纹62可和夹爪18的螺纹34配合,当螺母60相对主体16转动时,夹爪可前进或后退。螺母60可容放一固紧带64,用来在装上螺母60后保持螺母60在一起。由于前圆柱部分52的直径关系,在本实施例中,用了一个对分螺母。螺母60包括驱动槽66,可与前套筒12上的驱动肋68配合,使得当前套筒12转动时,螺母60将一起转动使夹爪18活动(如上所述)。
螺母60可以包括一个弧形的支座面,它与轴承组件42上的弧形支座部分匹配。
独立的轴承组件42适合于放在止推环36和螺母60的一表面70之间。独立轴承组件42包括一个内座圈72,一个外座圈74和保持在它们之间的轴承元件76。在一个最佳实施例中,轴承元件76是滚珠轴承。独立轴承组件42还包括一个包住内外座圈72,74的罩圈78用来把轴承组件保持成一个独立元件。内座圈72包括弧形面,其尺寸及结构与止推环36的止推面38上的弧形支座面40匹配。这种配合关系有助于在夹头工作时的对准及减小轴的及径向应力。在一个最佳的实施例中,独立轴承组件42是一个径向止推轴承。
使用独立轴承组件有一些优点。大大地简化装配,不需要处理单个的滚珠轴承及罩,另外也不要像普通的轴承系统必须的那样硬及致密,因而主体或螺母也用作止推座圈,因此对材料选用范围更大,并减少二次加工操作及最终降低成本。
前套筒12用来松配合在夹头10的前部20,前套筒12的多个驱动肋68与螺母60的驱动槽60接合使得前套筒12和螺母60可操作地连接着,也就是当前套筒12转动时,螺母60将一起转动。前套筒12可包括一个环形凸耳80。套管58的尺寸设成可压到前部56上而把前套筒12保持在夹头10上。最好套管58通过卡合、螺纹等固定到主体16上。在一个实施例中当夹头装配时,套管58是暴露的,可用非铁金属涂层涂复以防止生锈及改善其外观。合适的涂层金属锌或镍,但是应明白任何合适的涂层都可以用。
套管58用来保持前套筒12在夹头10的位置并与螺母60成驱动接合。另外,套管58还有一个目的是对前部56提供一个可防锈的美观的盖。这样不必要用非铁金属材料涂覆整个主体16而可提供悦目的外观。如果要求的话,可省去后套筒14,而把前套筒12延伸到主体16的后端。当在驱动器上设心轴锁或类似的元件或当驱动器用来紧松夹爪时,这个替换方案是可行的。
前套筒12的圆周表面可以滚花或设有纵向肋或其它凸块使操作者能牢固地抓住。类似地,如果使用的话,后套筒14的圆周表面可按要求滚花或设有肋。前后套筒可用结构塑料如聚碳酸酯、加填料的聚丙烯,例如加玻璃的聚丙烯,或结构塑料的混合物制造。其它复合材料如加石墨的聚合物在某些环境下是适用的。本专业的技术人员可以明白,制造本发明的夹头的材料取决于夹头的最终应用,上面只是举例说明。
应该明白后套筒14固定到主体16上,而前套筒12与螺母36可操作地配合,并固定到主体16上可作相关的一起转动。由于夹爪18上的螺纹34和螺母60上的螺纹62的相互作用而产生的前后套筒12和14的相对运动使夹爪18根据相对运动的方向而前进或后退。
虽然上述说明相对无钥匙的夹头,但是应该明白本发明的原理可同样地用到带钥匙的夹头,这些也在本发明的范围中。
本专业技术人员可对本发明作出这样或那样的改型及变化,而不会超出特别在权利要求书中提出的本发明的精神范围。另外,应明白各个实施例涉及的方面可以全部或部分交换。另外,本专业技术人员可明白上述说明只是举例说明而言,而不是限制下面在权利要求书中提出的本发明的范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种与带有转动的驱动轴的手工或动力驱动器一起使用的夹头,所述的夹头包括:
a.一个圆柱形的主体,它有一个前部和一个后部,所述的后部中具有一个轴向孔,可与所述的驱动器的驱动轴匹配,所述的前部具有轴向孔,还有多个斜向设置并与所述的轴向孔相交的通道;
b.多个可滑动地设置在所述的斜向设置的通道中的夹爪,各夹爪的一侧有夹爪面,而在相对的一侧设有螺纹;
c.一个螺母,可转动地装在所述的主体上并与所述的夹爪上的所述的螺纹接合;
d.一个圆柱形前套筒,与所述主体的前部搭接,并与所述的螺母成驱动接合,和
e.一个防锈套管,适于固定在所述的主体的前部,所述的套管保持所述的前套筒与所述的螺母成驱动接合,使得当所述的前套筒相对所述的主体转动时,所述的夹爪可相应地运动。
2.按照权利要求1所述的夹头,其特征在于所述的套管有非铁金属涂层涂覆着。
3.按照权利要求1所述的夹头,其特征在于所述前套筒包括一个环形凸耳部分,而所述的套管把所述的凸耳部分保持在所述主体前部的一部分和所述的套管之间。
CN98118653A 1993-08-13 1998-08-20 刀具的夹头 Expired - Fee Related CN1083747C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US106,063 1993-08-13
US08/106,063 US5348317A (en) 1993-08-13 1993-08-13 Chuck

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN94193025A Division CN1043856C (zh) 1993-08-13 1994-08-02 刀具的夹头

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1214982A CN1214982A (zh) 1999-04-28
CN1083747C true CN1083747C (zh) 2002-05-01

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ID=22309282

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN94193025A Expired - Fee Related CN1043856C (zh) 1993-08-13 1994-08-02 刀具的夹头
CN98118653A Expired - Fee Related CN1083747C (zh) 1993-08-13 1998-08-20 刀具的夹头

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN94193025A Expired - Fee Related CN1043856C (zh) 1993-08-13 1994-08-02 刀具的夹头

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5348317A (zh)
EP (5) EP1270119B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH09501616A (zh)
CN (2) CN1043856C (zh)
AU (1) AU7479594A (zh)
BR (1) BR9407230A (zh)
CA (1) CA2168363A1 (zh)
DE (7) DE1270119T1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2124968C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1995005258A1 (zh)

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EP0818262B1 (en) 2001-02-28
US5348317A (en) 1994-09-20
WO1995005258A1 (en) 1995-02-23
CN1043856C (zh) 1999-06-30
EP1270119A2 (en) 2003-01-02
DE69426786D1 (de) 2001-04-05
CN1128509A (zh) 1996-08-07
EP0713431A1 (en) 1996-05-29
EP1777025A1 (en) 2007-04-25
DE69431680T2 (de) 2003-09-18
JPH09501616A (ja) 1997-02-18
DE69431680D1 (de) 2002-12-12
CN1214982A (zh) 1999-04-28
CA2168363A1 (en) 1995-02-23
AU7479594A (en) 1995-03-14
RU2124968C1 (ru) 1999-01-20
EP0867249B1 (en) 2002-11-06
DE713431T1 (de) 1996-11-07
EP1270119A3 (en) 2003-05-28
DE69434858D1 (de) 2006-11-09
EP0818262A1 (en) 1998-01-14
DE69434858T2 (de) 2007-04-19
DE69423628T2 (de) 2000-07-20
BR9407230A (pt) 1996-09-24
EP0713431B1 (en) 2000-03-22
EP0867249A3 (en) 1999-03-10
DE1270119T1 (de) 2003-08-14
DE69426786T2 (de) 2001-08-02
DE867249T1 (de) 1999-05-20
EP1270119B1 (en) 2006-09-27
EP0867249A2 (en) 1998-09-30
DE69423628D1 (de) 2000-04-27

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