CN108374111B - High-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6-6.6%, Si: 0.75% -0.79%, Zr: 0.2-0.22%, Fe: 0.05-0.06%, Co: 0.01-0.02%, Cu: 0.02-0.03%, Hf0.01-0.2%, La 0.001-0.02%, Yb 0.001-0.02%, B0.001-0.008%, Cr: 0.002-0.004%, Ti: 0.001-0.0015%, the rest being aluminium and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6-8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005%, the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12%, and the strengthening phase Mg in the alloy2The average content of Si is 0.8-0.9%, and the strengthening phase Mg2The average size of Si is 30-50nm, the content of excess free silicon is 0.05-0.07%, the yield strength is 500-580MPa, the tensile strength is 600-620MPa, and the hardness is 25-35 Hw.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and particularly discloses a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material and a production method thereof.
Background
With the widening of the application of the wrought aluminum alloy in the fields of buildings, decorations, automobiles, aviation, electronics and the like, higher requirements are made on the strength performance, the corrosion resistance and the oxidation coloring performance of the deformation. However, in the production of wrought aluminum alloy, precipitates such as coarse grain structures, feather structures and the like still exist in casting, and welding lines are easy to appear in the extrusion process, so that the cost of a die is increased, and the surface quality of a product is influenced; when the section is thicker, product deformation and material component segregation are easy to occur, and the mechanical property is lower; the problems of unstable performance, poor appearance, poor corrosion resistance and the like of the oxide film, and the poor machining performance, the large extrusion force, the large abrasion of the die, the short service life, the low extrusion speed, the low production efficiency and the high energy consumption of the die are caused by the existence of a large amount of hard phases in part of aluminum alloy. For some thin-wall complex section bars, especially for extrusion section bars with width-thickness ratio more than 100 and large degree of shape asymmetry and anisotropy, common wrought alloy cannot be well formed at all, and in order to meet the market demand, the alloy is required to be improved in components. The mechanical processing performance of the aluminum alloy is improved by optimizing alloy components in the wrought aluminum alloy and adding other elements for modification, the production efficiency is improved, and the production energy consumption is reduced.
Due to the advantages of good corrosion resistance, small density and the like of the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy can be widely applied to the field of buildings, such as aluminum alloy doors and windows. However, since the pollution factors in the natural environment are always present, there is an urgent need for an aluminum alloy building material with further improved corrosion resistance, further improved strength and gradually reduced density. Therefore, the invention is innovated in components and preparation process, so that the yield strength is 500-580MPa, the tensile strength is 600-620MPa, and the hardness is 25-35 Hw.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a method for preparing aluminum alloy of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material by optimizing alloy components, utilizing an extrusion process and combining aging treatment. The manufactured aluminum alloy has good surface quality, good corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical property.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6-6.6%, Si: 0.75% -0.79%, Zr: 0.2-0.22%, Fe: 0.05-0.06%, Co: 0.01-0.02%, Cu: 0.02-0.03%, Hf0.01-0.2%, La 0.001-0.02%, Yb 0.001-0.02%, B0.001-0.008%, Cr: 0.002-0.004%, Ti: 0.001-0.0015%, the rest being aluminium and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6-8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005%, the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12%, and the strengthening phase Mg in the alloy2The average content of Si is 0.8-0.9%, and the strengthening phase Mg2The average size of Si is 30-50nm, the content of excess free silicon is 0.05-0.07%, the yield strength is 500-580MPa, the tensile strength is 600-620MPa, and the hardness is 25-35 Hw. Further, the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6-6.2%, Si: 0.75 to 0.78%, Zr: 0.2-0.21%, Fe: 0.05-0.058%, Co: 0.01-0.015%, Cu: 0.02-0.025%, Hf0.01-0.1%, La0.001-0.01%, Yb0.001-0.01%, B0.001-0.005%, Cr: 0.002-0.003%, Ti: 0.001-0.0012%, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6-8.6, the content of other single impurities is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.12%.
Further, the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6%, Si: 0.75%, Zr: 0.2%, Fe: 0.05%, Co: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, hf0.01%, La 0.001%, Yb 0.001%, B0.001%, Cr: 0.002%, Ti: 0.001%, the balance being aluminium and unavoidable impurities, with a Mg/Si ratio of 7.6 to 8.6, no more than 0.005% of other individual impurities, and no more than 0.12% of the total impurities.
Further, the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.2%, Si: 0.78%, Zr: 0.21%, Fe: 0.058%, Co: 0.015%, Cu: 0.025%, hf0.1%, La 0.01%, yb0.01%, B0.005%, Cr: 0.003%, Ti: 0.0012 percent, the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
Further, the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.6%, Si: 0.79%, Zr: 0.22%, Fe: 0.06%, Co: 0.02%, Cu: 0.03%, Hf0.2%, La 0.02%, Yb 0.02%, B0.008%, Cr: 0.004%, Ti: 0.0015 percent, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
The preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, on-line quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, wherein the components of the aluminum alloy covering agent are 50-55% of sodium chloride, 20-30% of potassium chloride, 5-10% of calcium fluoride and 5-10% of cryolite; then, sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, adding a refining agent after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components of 355-60% of NaNO, 320-30% of KNO, 5-10% of graphite powder, 78-10% of C2Cl65 and 5-10% of NaCl, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Further, the production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 530 ℃, preserving heat for 8 hours, carrying out homogenization treatment, cooling to 430 ℃ along with a furnace, carrying out hot extrusion in an extrusion die with the die temperature of 490 ℃ by adopting an extruder to obtain a profile with a plurality of cavities, carrying out on-line quenching at the extrusion speed of 3.5m/min and the extrusion ratio of 35:1 during the hot extrusion, wherein the water inlet temperature of the on-line quenched profile is 510 ℃, the cooling speed is 80 ℃/s, and the profile is taken out within 5 seconds.
Further, the production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized by comprising the following steps: step (3) is to carry out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours; the temperature rise rate in the aging heat treatment step is 1.2 ℃/min.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the aluminum alloy prepared by the invention has yield strength of 500-580MPa, tensile strength of 600-620MPa and hardness of 25-35Hw, and the invention has the advantages of easy implementation, low cost, obvious social and economic benefits and wide application prospect.
The function and the setting basis of the alloy elements of the invention are as follows:
mg has a solid-solution strengthening effect, and has an effect of improving tensile strength, impact resistance, bending fatigue resistance, and heat resistance by partially combining with Si to form precipitates. Mg forms age precipitates contributing to strength improvement in the crystal grain together with Si during solid solution strengthening and the artificial aging treatment, and exhibits age hardening ability. If the Mg content is too small, the compound phase cannot be formed during artificial aging treatment, the age-hardening ability and the required strength cannot be satisfied, and the age-hardening ability cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, if the Mg content is too large, deterioration in surface quality is caused. In addition, the bending workability is also reduced. Therefore, the Mg content is set to Mg: 6 to 6.6 percent. In the case of considering high strength, corrosion and surface quality in combination, Mg: 6 to 6.2 percent.
Si has an element that combines with Mg to form precipitates and improves tensile strength, impact resistance, bending fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance. If the Si content is less than 0.75 mass%, the above-mentioned effects are insufficient, and if the Si content exceeds 0.79 mass%, the possibility of precipitation of Si-enriched portions at grain boundaries increases, the tensile strength, elongation, impact resistance and bending fatigue resistance are reduced, and the amount of solid solution of the Si element increases, resulting in a reduction in surface quality. Therefore, the Si content is set to Si: 0.75-0.79 percent. When considering the high strength, corrosion resistance and surface quality, Si is preferable in combination: 0.75-0.78%.
Fe is an element that mainly forms an Al — Fe intermetallic compound, contributes to grain refinement, and improves tensile strength, impact resistance, and bending fatigue resistance. The intermetallic compound contributes to the refinement of crystal grains and improves the tensile strength, impact resistance and bending fatigue resistance. In addition, Fe has an effect of improving the tensile strength by Fe dissolved in Al. If the Fe content is less than 0.05 mass%, the above-mentioned effects are insufficient, and if the Fe content exceeds 0.06 mass%, the stringiness workability is deteriorated due to coarsening of crystals and precipitates, and as a result, the targeted impact resistance and bending fatigue resistance are not obtained, and the surface quality is also deteriorated. Therefore, the Fe content is set to 0.05% to 0.06%, preferably Fe: 0.05% -0.058%.
Zr, Co, Cu, Hf, La, Yb, and Cr are elements having an effect of refining crystal grains, and have an effect of increasing grain boundary strength by precipitating at grain boundaries, and Zr is common, and the content of Zr is high in the present invention, 0.2 to 0.22%. On the other hand, if the content of other elements having a grain refining effect, such as Co, is 0.01% by mass or more, the above effect can be obtained, and the tensile strength, elongation, impact resistance and bending fatigue resistance can be improved. On the other hand, if the Co content exceeds 0.02%, compounds containing the element become coarse, which deteriorates wire drawability, tends to be easily broken, and tends to decrease electrical conductivity, so Co: 0.01 to 0.02%, and in consideration of production cost and effect, Co: 0.01-0.015%. Similar conditions exist for Cu, Hf, La, Yb, and Cr, but Cu: 0.02-0.03%, Hf0.01-0.2%, La 0.001-0.02%, Yb 0.001-0.02%, Cr: 0.002-0.004%
B is an element having an action of refining the structure of the ingot at the time of melt casting. If the structure of the ingot is coarse, the ingot will break during casting, and the wire will break during the wire processing step, which is not industrially desirable. This is because there is a tendency that: if the B content is less than 0.001 mass%, the above effects cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and if the B content exceeds 0.008 mass%, the corrosiveness and the surface quality deteriorate. The grain refinement after the boronization treatment is more beneficial to synchronously improving the corrosivity, the surface quality and the mechanical property. Therefore, the content of B is set to 0.001 to 0.008 mass%, and the following tendency is present: the more Ti and other impurity elements are contained, the worse the workability is. Thus, Ti: 0.001-0.0015%, less than or equal to 0.005% of other single impurities, and less than or equal to 0.12% of the total impurities.
The invention fully considers the Mg/Si ratio in the design of alloy components, ensures that the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6-8.6, and can ensure that the average content of the strengthening phase Mg2Si in the alloy is 0.8-0.9%, the average size of the strengthening phase Mg2Si is 30-50nm, and the content of the excessive free silicon is 0.05-0.07%, so that the adjustment of the alloy components is easier, and the alloy performance is more excellent and stable.
The extrusion method adopted in the invention can greatly increase the density of the product, can effectively reduce the defects of looseness, air holes and the like, and is beneficial to the cutting processing.
The invention utilizes the large deformation energy generated in the extrusion process to perform aging treatment on the extruded plate blank, can effectively reduce the crystal defects at lower temperature and in shorter time, improves the high strength, the corrosivity and the surface quality of the aluminum alloy, and can ensure that Mg can also be used for improving the surface quality of the aluminum alloy2Si strengthening phase is dispersed and separated out and distributed in the alloy structure, and the strength of the aluminum alloy is improved.
The high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material obtained by the invention has the characteristics of stable structure performance, good corrosivity, surface quality and high strength, can effectively save the cost compared with the traditional method, improves the product quality, meets the requirements of strength, corrosivity and attractive surface of the aluminum alloy building material, and can obtain considerable economic benefit and remarkable social benefit when put into production.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below:
the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6%, Si: 0.75%, Zr: 0.2%, Fe: 0.05%, Co: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, Hf0.01%, La0.001%, Yb 0.001%, B0.001%, Cr: 0.002%, Ti: 0.001%, the balance being aluminium and unavoidable impurities, with a Mg/Si ratio of 7.6 to 8.6, no more than 0.005% of other individual impurities, and no more than 0.12% of the total impurities.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Example 2
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.2%, Si: 0.78%, Zr: 0.21%, Fe: 0.058%, Co: 0.015%, Cu: 0.025%, hf0.1%, la0.01%, Yb 0.01%, B0.005%, Cr: 0.003%, Ti: 0.0012 percent, the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Example 3
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.6%, Si: 0.79%, Zr: 0.22%, Fe: 0.06%, Co: 0.02%, Cu: 0.03%, Hf0.2%, La0.02%, Yb 0.02%, B0.008%, Cr: 0.004%, Ti: 0.0015 percent, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Comparative example 1
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 2%, Si: 0.5%, Zr: 0.1%, Fe: 0.05%, Co: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, Hf0.01%, La0.001%, Yb 0.001%, B0.001%, Cr: 0.002%, Ti: 0.001%, the balance being aluminium and unavoidable impurities, with a Mg/Si ratio of 7.6 to 8.6, no more than 0.005% of other individual impurities, and no more than 0.12% of the total impurities.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Comparative example 2
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.2%, Si: 0.78%, Zr: 0.21%, Fe: 0.058%, Co: 0.001%, Cu: 0.005%, hf0.0001%, La 0.01%, Yb 0.01%, B0.005%, Cr: 0.003%, Ti: 0.0012 percent, the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Comparative example 3
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.6%, Si: 0.79%, Zr: 0.22%, Fe: 0.06%, Co: 0.02%, Cu: 0.03%, Hf0.2%, Cr: 0.004%, Ti: 0.0015 percent, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amounts of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and additionally Co and Cr in the form of low-melting-point intermediate alloy after Al is melted; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Comparative example 4
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6%, Si: 0.75%, Zr: 0.2%, Fe: 0.05%, Co: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, Hf0.01%, La0.001%, Yb 0.001%, B0.001%, Cr: 0.002%, Ti: 0.001%, the balance being aluminium and unavoidable impurities, with a Mg/Si ratio of 7.6 to 8.6, no more than 0.005% of other individual impurities, and no more than 0.12% of the total impurities.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Comparative example 5
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.2%, Si: 0.78%, Zr: 0.21%, Fe: 0.058%, Co: 0.015%, Cu: 0.025%, hf0.1%, la0.01%, Yb 0.01%, B0.005%, Cr: 0.003%, Ti: 0.0012 percent, the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 550-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
Comparative example 6
A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.6%, Si: 0.79%, Zr: 0.22%, Fe: 0.06%, Co: 0.02%, Cu: 0.03%, Hf0.2%, La0.02%, Yb 0.02%, B0.008%, Cr: 0.004%, Ti: 0.0015 percent, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material comprises the steps of raw material preparation, smelting and casting, extrusion forming, online quenching, aging heat treatment, fixed-length cutting, inspection and packaging and production, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, then sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 150-155 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-6 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 1.5-1.9 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum alloys of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 were determined by conventional testing methods in the art.
The test piece was subjected to a corrosion test by the dipping method defined in ISO/DIS11846B method. Under test conditions, the extrudate was immersed in an aqueous solution containing 50g/l NaCl and 5ml/l HCl, respectively, at room temperature for 48 hours, and then cross-sectional observation of the extrudate was performed to examine the corrosion state and determine whether grain boundary corrosion cracking occurred. Then, the grain boundary corrosion cracking was evaluated as poor and no grain boundary corrosion cracking was observed, but the grain boundary corrosion cracking was evaluated as good and the grain boundary corrosion cracking and grain boundary corrosion were not observed and the corrosion resistance was evaluated as excellent. Table 1 shows the test results.
TABLE 1
| Numbering | Yield strength (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Corrosion resistance |
| Example 1 | ≥500 | ≥570.6 | Superior food |
| Example 2 | ≥550 | ≥604.3 | Superior food |
| Example 3 | ≥580 | ≥668.7 | Superior food |
| Comparative example 1 | ≥320 | ≥380.6 | Difference (D) |
| Comparative example 2 | ≥334 | ≥398.5 | Difference (D) |
| Comparative example 3 | ≥341 | ≥425.8 | Good wine |
| Comparative example 4 | ≥336 | ≥390.6 | Difference (D) |
| Comparative example 5 | ≥350 | ≥420.2 | Good wine |
| Comparative example 6 | ≥371 | ≥450.6 | Good wine |
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6-6.6%, Si: 0.75 to 0.79%, Zr: 0.2-0.22%, Fe: 0.05-0.06%, Co: 0.01-0.02%, Cu: 0.02 to 0.03%, Hf: 0.01-0.2%, La: 0.001-0.02%, Yb: 0.001-0.02%, B: 0.001-0.008% and Cr: 0.002-0.004%, Ti: 0.001-0.0015%, the rest being aluminium and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6-8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005%, the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12%, and the strengthening phase Mg in the alloy2The average content of Si is 0.8-0.9%, and the strengthening phase Mg2The average size of Si is 30-50nm, the content of excess free silicon is 0.05-0.07%, the yield strength is 500-580MPa, the tensile strength is 600-620MPa, and the hardness is 25-35 Hw.
2. The high strength corrosion resistant aluminum alloy building material of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6-6.2%, Si: 0.75 to 0.78%, Zr: 0.2-0.21%, Fe: 0.05-0.058%, Co: 0.01-0.015%, Cu: 0.02 to 0.025%, Hf: 0.01-0.1%, La: 0.001-0.01%, Yb: 0.001-0.01%, B: 0.001-0.005%, Cr: 0.002-0.003%, Ti: 0.001-0.0012%, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6-8.6, the content of other single impurities is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.12%.
3. The high strength corrosion resistant aluminum alloy building material of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6%, Si: 0.75%, Zr: 0.2%, Fe: 0.05%, Co: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, Hf: 0.01%, La: 0.001%, Yb: 0.001%, B: 0.001%, Cr: 0.002%, Ti: 0.001%, the balance being aluminium and unavoidable impurities, with a Mg/Si ratio of 7.6 to 8.6, no more than 0.005% of other individual impurities, and no more than 0.12% of the total impurities.
4. The high strength corrosion resistant aluminum alloy building material of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.2%, Si: 0.78%, Zr: 0.21%, Fe: 0.058%, Co: 0.015%, Cu: 0.025%, Hf: 0.1%, La: 0.01%, Yb: 0.01%, B: 0.005%, Cr: 0.003%, Ti: 0.0012 percent, the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
5. The high strength corrosion resistant aluminum alloy building material of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: mg: 6.6%, Si: 0.79%, Zr: 0.22%, Fe: 0.06%, Co: 0.02%, Cu: 0.03%, Hf: 0.2%, La: 0.02%, Yb: 0.02%, B: 0.008%, Cr: 0.004%, Ti: 0.0015 percent, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, the Mg/Si ratio is 7.6 to 8.6, the other single impurities are less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the total impurities are less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
6. The production method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising raw material preparation, melt casting, extrusion forming, on-line quenching, aging heat treatment, cut to length, inspection packaging, and production, and specifically characterized in that:
(1) according to the designed aluminum alloy component ratio, respectively taking industrial pure aluminum with the proportion of more than 99.9 percent as a matrix, setting the melting temperature of the pure aluminum to be 680-740 ℃, and sequentially adding proper amount of Al-30 percent of Si, pure magnesium, Al-5Zr and Co, La, Yb, Cr and B after the Al is melted in a low-melting-point intermediate alloy manner; after the alloy is completely melted, adding a surface covering agent, wherein the components of the aluminum alloy covering agent are 50-55% of sodium chloride, 20-30% of potassium chloride, 5-10% of calcium fluoride and 5-10% of cryolite; then, sequentially adding Al-15% Fe, Al-15% Cu and Al-15% Hf intermediate alloy, and after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, adding a refining agent, wherein the component of the aluminum alloy refining agent is NaNO355-60％、KNO320-30 percent of graphite powder, 5-10 percent of graphite powder,C2Cl65-10% of NaCl and 5-10% of NaCl, stirring and slagging off; then slowly discharging the aluminum alloy melt by virtue of a heat-resistant anti-oxidation pipeline, enabling the aluminum alloy melt to sequentially flow through an online degassing and 50-mesh ceramic filter plate, finally entering a continuous casting machine, and rolling by virtue of a roller to obtain an aluminum alloy plate blank with the width of 200-;
(2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 520-;
(3) carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-12 hours; the temperature rise speed in the aging heat treatment step is 0.8-1.2 ℃/min;
(4) finally, cutting to length, inspecting and packaging to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material.
7. The method for producing a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material according to claim 6, wherein: and (2) heating the aluminum alloy plate blank prepared in the step (1) to 530 ℃, preserving heat for 8 hours, carrying out homogenization treatment, cooling to 430 ℃ along with a furnace, carrying out hot extrusion in an extrusion die with the die temperature of 490 ℃ by adopting an extruder to obtain a profile with a plurality of cavities, carrying out on-line quenching at the extrusion speed of 3.5m/min and the extrusion ratio of 35:1 during the hot extrusion, wherein the water inlet temperature of the on-line quenched profile is 510 ℃, the cooling speed is 80 ℃/s, and the profile is taken out within 5 seconds.
8. The method for producing a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy building material according to claim 6, wherein: step (3) is to carry out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy section, wherein the aging temperature in the step is 170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours; the temperature rise rate in the aging heat treatment step is 1.2 ℃/min.
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